STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 1 20 th Anniversary Special Issue ISSDA’s own office at Gurgaon, near Delhi. July 2009 Indian Stainless Steel Development Association L-22/4, DLF, Phase -II, Gurgaon 122 002 Tel :+91 124 4375 501 to 503 Fax :+91 124 4375 509 E-mail: [email protected]Web: www .st ainlessindia.org STAINLESS INDIA A MAGAZINE PUBLISHED BY ISSN 0971-9482
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STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 1
20th Anniversary Special Issue
ISSDA’s own office at Gurgaon, near Delhi. July 2009
Indian Stainless SteelDevelopment Association
L-22/4, DLF, Phase -II, Gurgaon 122 002
Tel :+91 124 4375 501 to 503Fax :+91 124 4375 509E-mail: [email protected]: www.stainlessindia.org
STAINLESS INDIAA MAGAZINE PUBLISHED BY
ISSN 0971-9482
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 2
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 3
MESSAGE
It gives me immense pleasure in presenting a special 20th Anniversary issue of Stainless India. The journeyhas been so exciting, fun filled and equally rewarding that it feels like yesterday. When I look back, the wholestory just flashes in front of my eyes and I would like to take you through the same.
It all started with our visit to London in 1988 on an invitation from Ni and Cr producers. At that point in time onlyfour Stainless Steel development Associations were existing (Japan, Germany, Italy & South Africa). There hasbeen a marked difference in the stainless steel market development in these countries compared to others thatmade us think about India. We could feel that a neutral body with the sole purpose of developing a market haslarger influence when compared with different organizations working in parallel to increase their market.
The excitement paved the way and work started immediately after our return from the UK. Formally ISSDA wasborn in Nov 1989 as non-profit organization after long debates and taking in to confidence key manufacturers ofstainless steel. This was the time when India was producing meager quantities of stainless steel and nickelprices were hitting the roof. The challenge was tough and not much was in sight as to what could be the wayto work on our mission. But we were determined to bring about a revolution in the Indian market.
This was the time when the development of Cr-Mn series stainless steel started and today we all know that the200 series grades dominate the Indian market and are well established in a variety of applications.
Today what we see in the Railways, Airports, Metro Coaches, Bus Shelters, Infrastructure projects, Dairy /Sugar Industry, etc is the result of innumerable efforts that have gone in to bring it to this level. Indian consumptionof stainless steel has gone up to more than 1.4 Million tonnes from what it was at 0.2 Million tonnes in1989.Very soon you will hear about the three Cr-Mn grades registered with the Bureau of Indian Standardswhich in itself is an achievement. What gives me more pleasure is that today India is not only meeting itsdomestic demand but also actively exporting large quantities of stainless steel in long and flat products andalso finished products to large parts of the world.
This journey of transformation will be incomplete without my acknowledgements to ISSDA staff, especiallyRamesh Gopal, support from the Nickel Institute, our members and government officials and end users, whohave played an active role and given unrelenting support to our plans. I must also tell you that in the last 20years the worldwide count of Stainless Steel Development Associations has gone up to 24. ISSDA has a majorplace among them and is widely respected by all for its work in India and support to other associations.
I thank you all for what we are and where we are today, and seek your continuous support to take it forward…..
Stain Less today, Stain Less tomorrow..
Best regards.
N. C. MathurPresidentISSDA
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Contents :
• A New Initiative Secures Prosperity for the Stainless Steel Industry
• Ansal Plaza’s Domino Effect in Building & Construction
• Building Hardware
• Roofing
• Structural Applications
• Airports
• Street Furniture
• Stainless steel Sinage
• Sculpture
• The Eureka Moment in Railway Wagons
• The Long Haul – Changes in railway passenger coach materials over the years
• Metro systems in more Cities
• Automotive Sector
• India’s contribution : Development of low-nickel 200 series stainless steels
• Directory of members of ISSDA with their contact details and products and servicies
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ISSDA celebrates its 20th Anniversary
CRU’s 12th World Stainless steel Conference22-24 November 2009Hotel Trident, Mumbai
On the Road to Recovery
The Gateway of India, Mumbai.
Principal Sponsors
Sponsors
Associate Sponsors
Media Partners:
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 6
ISSDA celebrates its 20th AnniversaryCRU’s 12th World Stainless Steel Conference
22-24 November 2009Hotel Trident, Mumbai
Programme Details
SUNDAY, 22 November
WELCOME RECEPTION and DINNER19:00 – 22:30The Rooftop, Hotel Trident Nariman Point, Mumbai
MONDAY, 23 November: The Regal Room, Hotel Trident
INAUGURAL SESSION AND ISSDA’s 20th ANNIVERSARY FELICITATION
9:00 Welcome from CRU and Session ChairMANISH PANDE, REGIONAL MANAGER, CRU INDIA
9:10 Another milestone in promoting stainless steel in IndiaRATAN JINDAL, VICE CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTOR, JSL LTD., INDIANEERAJ RAJ KOCHHAR, CMD, VIRAJ PROFILES LTD, INDIAS.K. ROONGTA, CHAIRMAN, STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD, INDIANIRMAL MATHUR, PRESIDENT, ISSDA, INDIA
10:10 Presentation from the Ministry of SteelVIRBHADRA SINGH, MINISTER OF STEEL, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, INDIA
KEYNOTE SESSION: ADAPTING AND EVOLVING
10:30 KEYNOTE: Sustainable Stainless: A Bright FuturePASCAL PAYET GASPARD, SECRETARY GENERAL, ISSF, BELGIUM
10:50 MORNING TEA AND NETWORKING SESSION
11:20 Asia’s Near-Death Experience: What Have We Learned about the Region’s Economic Growth?DR DAVID FERNANDEZ, MANAGING DIRECTOR, EMERGING ASIA RESEARCH, J.P. MORGAN, SINGAPORE
11:40 Analyzing the Chinese Stainless Steel MarketCAO ZHIFU, DIRECTOR OF POLICY, LAWS AND REGULATIONS RESEARCH OFFICE, TISCO, CHINA
12:10 Outokumpu: Perspective on Stainless Steel Trends from a Global PlayerANDREA GATTI, CORPORATE VICE PRESIDENT - CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT, OUTOKUMPU, FINLAND
12:40 The Recession, One Year After: Implications for the Stainless Steel IndustryPHILIP TOMLINSON, SENIOR MANAGING CONSULTANT, CRU STRATEGIES, UK
13:00 LUNCH
MONDAY, 23 November
RAW MATERIALS
Session ChairMAARTJE COLLIGNON, SENIOR CONSULTANT, NICKEL AND CHROME, STEEL,CRU ANALYSIS, UK
14:00 Prospects for Ferrochrome - Direction of the Market in 2010ROBERT YUKSEL YILDIRIM, CEO, ETI KROM INC., TURKEY
14:20 The Advantages which Nickel brings to Stainless SteelsSTEPHEN BARNETT, PRESIDENT, NICKEL INSTITUTE, BELGIUM
14:40 Nickel Supply SustainabilityDAVID GADDES, CEO, NORILSK NICKEL EUROPE LTD, UK
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15:00 AFTERNOON TEA – NETWORKING SESSION
15:30 Nickel: The WildcardALEX TONKS, ANALYST, CITI INVESTMENT RESEARCH, UK
15:50 Stainless & Steel Scrap - a force or farce?ANIL SHAH, PRESIDENT, NI-MET, CANADA
16:10 Close of session
19:30 GALA DINNERThe Presidential Ballroom, Hotel Taj President, Mumbai
TUESDAY, 24 November
INDIA: AN ASIAN CHAMPION
9:30 Session ChairmanNIRMAL MATHUR, PRESIDENT, ISSDA, INDIA
9:35 The Indian Stainless Steel Scenario: The Growth StoryRAVINDER SETHI, DIRECTOR, MINDSIGHT CONSULTING PVT. LTD. INDIA
9:55 Stainless Steel Use for Production of India’s Railways Expansion:Case studies from production of wagons and carriagesSHAILENDRA SINGH, CARRIAGE DIRECTORATE, RESEARCH DESIGN & STANDARDS ORGANIZATION,INDIAN RAILWAYS, INDIAK.R. ANANTHANARAYANAN, (CONSULTANT) ISSDA, INDIA
10:35 INDIAN PRODUCER PANELNITAN CHHATWAL, DIRECTOR, VIRAJ PROFILES LTD, INDIAR.K .GOYAL, DIRECTOR (COMMERCIAL), JSL LTD., INDIAS.V. PANSE, CHIEF OF MARKETING, MUKAND LTD., INDIAB.B. SINGH, DIRECTOR, STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD, INDIAYOGESH AGRAWAL, MANAGING DIRECTOR, RIMJHIM ISPAT LTD, INDIA
10:55 MORNING TEA AND NETWORKING SESSION
LONG AND FLAT PRODUCTS ANALYSIS
11:20 After the Crisis, What are the New Behaviors of Stainless Steel Long Products Customers?PATRICK LAMARQUE D’ARROUZAT, CEO, UGITECH, FRANCE
11:40 The Global Outlook for Flat ProductsALISTAIR RAMSAY, PRINCIPAL STAINLESS STEEL CONSULTANT, CRU ANALYSIS, UK
12:00 LUNCH
REGIONAL OUTLOOKS
13:00 North American Market ReviewBRAD BEAUCHAMP, VICE PRESIDENT, GLOBAL STAINLESS CORPORATION, CANADA
13:25 Stainless Steel Trade between India and North AmericaSAM DESAI, RM METALS, USA
CASE STUDY
13:50 Latest Developments in Cold Rolling and Processing of Stainless Steel StripRALF MATZKA, GENERAL MANAGER TECHNICAL SALES STAINLESS STEEL,SMS SIEMAG STRIP PROCESSING LINES DIVISION, GERMANY
14:15 AFTERNOON TEA – NETWORKING SESSION
14:45 End of conference
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The First Global MarketDevelopment Forum for StainlessSteel held in London in May 1998sponsored by the then NickelDevelopment Institute, ChromiumCentre and ChromiumAssociation was convened inorder that the global stainless steelindustry might considerundertaking a new initiative tosecure its prosperity. This historicconference had a very deep,broad and lasting impact on thegrowth of stainless steel marketsin the whole world, including India.
In his presentation titled ‘A GlobalView of Opportunities for MaketDevelopment in the Stainless SteelIndustry’ Dr. W K Armitage of theChromium Centre, South Africa,said that while the optimisticpicture for the world market wassomething like 3% growth perannum, he noted that “we cannotidentify any significant newinitiative that has caused thebuoyant situation”.
Explaining the reason for lack ofany significant new initiatives bythe stainless steel industry he said”Individual industry producersoften fear that any significantmarket development achievementopens the new businessopportunity to threat from directcompetitors and from imports” hesaid that the best safeguardagainst this risk is “to developmarkets collectively on a nationalor global industry basis”(emphasis added – Editor).
Comparisons of mean annualdemand growth rates over 19years (1968 – 1986) betweencountries having national stainlesssteel development associations
and those without it, showed ayawning gap. Italy, WestGermany, Spain and Japan withtheir own national SSDAs clockedbetween 4.5% to 6.8% growthrates. A few comparableeconomies without SSDAsclocked growth rates onlybetween 2.5% and 3.2%.
The Indian stainless steel industrytook the lessons of the conference
very seriously and in November1989 the Indian Stainless SteelDevelopment Association wasincorporated. ISSDA was one ofthe first of a new crop of SSDAsin the world. At last count, therewere about 24 national SSDAs,Euro Inox was formed forcoordinated development inEurope and the InternationalStainless Steel Forum (ISSF) forglobal coordination.
A New Initiative Secures Prosperity for the Stainless Steel Industry
Production of Stainless Steel, Western World (1950 - 2006),World (1993 - 2006)
Stainless Steel Production, India (1991 - 2009)
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These initiatives on a world scalehave helped stainless steelregister the highest growth rateamongst all materials, even aheadof plastics.
The rest, as they say is history.The history of rapid growth instainless steel production in Indiaand the world in graphic form inthe previous page.
A study of end-use pattern forstainless steel in India in 1993showed that the total use ofstainless steel by the constructionand transport sectors was lessthan 1%. In comparison, thewestern world used 11.6% of end-use of stainless steel inconstruction and 14.9% intransportation, In cateringhowever, India was far ahead of therest of the world at 75% of end usecompared to 36.5% for others.
ISSDA realized that constructionand transportation hold a lot ofpromise and potential and gave full
thrust on these two segments formore than a decade.
The pie-charts on this pagedisplay the rapid growth in the useof stainless steel in India and alsothe increasing share of theconstruction and transportationsector in the end-use market.
Building and construction sectors’usage of stainless steel wasalmost nil in 1989. Through
ISSDA’s market developmentefforts, this sector now has about6% share of the end-use marketsfor stainless steel in India. Thebuilding and construction sector’sshare is expected to go up to 10%in the next ten years.
It may be noted that although theper cent share of kitchenware isdown, but in absolute tonnageterms it has increased from212,500 to 980,000 tonnes.
Apparent Domestic Consumption (2007-08)1.4 million Tonnes
Process Industry10%
Transport5%
Construction5%
Electromechanical/Electronics
2%
Engineering5%
Others3%
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Ansal Plaza’s Domino Effect in Building & ConstructionISSDA had been actively trying tocreate awareness about thebenefits of stainless steelamongst architects of everydescription in Delhi, especiallysince 1994.
Our success rate with architectswas low because we could onlyshow them photos of architecturalapplications in faraway places likeChennai and Bangalore, but theywanted to see and look at real lifeapplications with their own eyes,right here in Delhi. This created the‘chicken and egg’ syndrome.
Then Ansal Plaza – A prestigioushigh-visibility shopping complex ina highly frequented up-marketlocation -- “happened” in Delhi.
Ansal Plaza contractors were in acash crunch and in a hurry tocomplete the project. At ourinstance, fabricators fromChennai convinced them thateven the initial cost of stainlesssteel cladding for circular columnsin their project would be less thanany other stone cladding optionthey were contemplating, and thatthis cladding would be completedmuch faster. Aware of the manyother benefits of stainless steel,the architects wholeheartedlylapped up our material for a goodnumber of applications. They alsorealized that with a good amountof gleaming stainless steel, theirproject would be a trendsetter inthe country.
With over 90 large, tall columnsclad in stainless steel, it was thefirst structure in Delhi to “putstainless steel on the map” forarchitects. Stainless steel andglass dominated the plaza with agood amount of stainless steelhandrail, building hardware andshop furniture and fixtures.
Ansal Plaza in Delhi opened forthe public in the year 1999. Beingthe only large scale shopping areain the city at that time, it was
The Ansal Plaza in South Delhi
thronged with visitors as it provideda very new and exciting shoppingexperience.
Ticket counter of a movie theater in a mall in Delhi
Stainless steel hanging floor in a showroom
Continued next page
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.Before Ansal Plaza “happened”, mostarchitects we met in Delhi hadmisgivings about specifying stainlesssteel as they were not sure of thedesign, fabrication and executioncapabilities in India. With its stunningappearance, Ansal Plaza cleared awaythe skepticism of architects aboutstainless steel use for architecturalapplications in Delhi and other metros.
Stainless steel curtain wall in Chennai building Guru Teg Bahadur memorial in Delhi
Lamp post outside a mall, DelhiA mural at Chennai port
The architectural market isvery much like the fashionindustry. Once a majorproject uses stainless steelin certain applications, otherarchitects and designers will,if not slavishly follow suit,seriously consider doingsomething similar for theirnext project.
Soon after, we startedwitnessing the presence ofstainless steel as handrail,shop display stands,furniture etc., in many largeand small establishments.
Through the DOMINOEFFECT, Ansal Plaza rapidlyspread the use of stainlesssteel in the Architecture,Building & Construction(ABC) Sector across India.
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Fit and Forget Building Hardware
Stainless steel building hardware hasedged out most traditional hardwarematerials like steel, GI, brass andaluminium from store shelves. AcrossIndia, people have a clear preference forstainless steel building hardware.
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Our research is conducted by an exceptional team of leading steel industry professionals who combinerigorous analysis of economic fundamentals with proven expert opinion. Over the years we havebecome a trusted, leading benchmark for the sector, offering unrivalled decision support for all keyplayers across the global carbon steel, stainless steel, bulk ferroalloys and raw materials markets.
CRU Analysis31 Mount PleasantLondon WC1X 0ADUnited Kingdomwww.crugroup.com
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CRU Strategies is a specialist management consultancy providing independent, exclusive andproprietary advice to the world’s leading metals and mining companies, financial institutions andgovernments.Our services include asset valuation, price risk management, negotiation support, performanceimprovement and strategic development. For further information on CRU Strategies experience insteel and steelmaking raw materials, please contact us.
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CRU Steel News31 Mount PleasantLondon WC1X 0ADUnited Kingdomwww.crugroup.com
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At CRU Price Risk Management, our mission is to provide the information and tools to help ourclients prosper in a business climate characterized by uncertainty and risk. Our customized consult-ing services include price risk process management, hedge techniques and strategic price strate-gies. Our consulting services are designed to give you a competitive advantage in your marketsector. Our decision support publications cover a wide range of critical information necessary tomanage price risk and understand the global metals industries The definitive guide to Price RiskManagement in the steel industry
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Contact
Jim Southwood (US Office)Tel: +1 724 940 7100Email: [email protected]
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 15
RM Metals is an USA based metals trading company. Over the past 23years, we have developed a solid reputation in the trading and distributionof stainless steel and other metals. Our product line includes stainlesssteel coil, sheet, plate, bars, and pipe/tubing. In addition, we also trade innon-ferrous and ferrous scrap.
RM Metals50 Cragwood Road, Suite 308South Plainfield, NJ 07080USAwww.rm-metals.com
Sponsored by
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 16
OJSC “MMC” Norilsk Nickel” is one of the largest mining andmetallurgical corporations in the world and the acknowledged leaderin the world market of nickel and palladium. In 2008, companies ofour Group (including overseas assets) produced 287 thousandmetric tons of nickel,that make up 20% of the world’s production.Reported sales for the year amounted to USD 11.8 billion.
OJSC “MMC” Norilsk Nickel” is a classic transnational company.Industrial centers of our Group are located in Russia, Finland, USA,Australia and South Africa. The Group is involved in prospecting,exploration, extraction, refining, and metallurgical processing ofminerals and production, marketing, and sale of base and preciousmetals.
Koperkhairane railway station roof, Navi Mumbai, 10,000 square meters
Turbe railway station roof, Navi Mumbai, 10,000 square meters
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Space frame at JSL factory entrance, Hisar
33 meter tall entrance gate at JSPL, Raigarh
Structural Applications
Reinforcement barC-Sections
Spiral staircase, Hyderabad
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Airports
Ahmedabad Airport
Hyderabad and Bangalore now have worldclass airports. Huge amount of stainless steelis being used for Greenfield projects and forrenovation and extension of existing airports inmany cities of India. According to the grandplans of the Airports Authority of India, by 2012over 90 airports will have been upgraded.
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Traffic umbrella in Chennai
Bus shelter at Nariman Point
Escalator, Delhi
Bus stops in Delhi
Park Bench
Street Furniture
Delhi and Mumbai have about 2,000 and 2,500bus shelters each. Other cities are caching up.
Almost every mall in cities is having stainlesssteel clad escalators
Stainless steel is being used in other streetfurniture like benches and traffic booths.
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Signage at the factory of two-wheelermanufacturer Bajaj with their logo, Pune
Stainless Steel Signage
Stainless steel signage, Mumbai
Huge Signage for Ramoji Film City near Hydrabad. The letter ‘M’ is 40 feet tall.Men standing at the signage are dwarfed (see arrow)
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‘ A very hungry god’
Sculpture
In Bangaluru
In BangaluruLaser-cut conch Garden of five senses, Delhi
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The Eureka Moment in Railway Wagons
A new rake of stainless steel wagons ready for dispatch.
Wagon under fabrication
ISSDA and its member companiespersisted for long years in creatingawareness amongst railwaypersonnel about the benefits ofusing stainless steel wagons forcoal, ore, fertilizers and foodgrains. The grade recommendedwas 409M – a utility gradestainless steel suitable for suchservice. Perseverance ultimatelypaid off!
By the year 1997 Indian Railwaymaterial specification for wagons-- IRSM 44/97 was made ready for409M. In 1998, 500 of thesewagons were ready and the IndianRailways dispatched thesewagons for a severe service, tohaul iron ore and coal via theCoramandel coast line insouth-east India. But there wereno repeat orders!
An inquiry into the health of thesewagons was made by the railwaysin 1996 and it was found that noneof these wagons ever reported forthe mandatory first periodicoverhaul after 3-5 years of service.Further inquiry revealed that thesewagons were in perfect health andthe officers in charge of thewagons found no reason to sendthem for any check-ups!
EUREKA! The Indian Railwayshad found an excellent material fortheir wagons. In the 2008-09Budget speech, the RailwayMinister announced plans to inductseveral thousand stainless steelopen wagons for hauling minerals.After re-designing the wagons withlighter stainless steel in place ofcorten steel and incorporatingseveral design changes includingheavier axle loads, the wagonsgive over 20% increase in haulage.
Without explicitly using the jargon‘Life Cycle Costing’ the ministersaid that although stainless steelwagons were more expensive tobegin with, the benefits therailways would accrue year afteryear would more thancompensate for the added initialcost.
The Indian Railways would beusing over 100,000 tonnes of 409Min 2008-10 and also in the yearsto come
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The Long Haul – Changes in Passenger Coach Materials Over the Years
High capacity wooden bodied coach with steel uder-frame.
The Indian Railways (IR) is the largest railway systemin the world under a single ownership – in this case,the Government of India. It has a fleet of about 50,000passenger coaches criss-crossing the length andbreadth of the country. Every year, about 2,500 newcoaches are added. Annually nearly 5 billion peopletravel by the Indian Railways.
The Indian Railways started operations in 1854.Since then, IR has had to deal constantly withproblems of corrosion of coach materials –Corrosion caused by a huge coastline and the habitof Indians to use generous quantities of water.
In its long years of service to the nation, the IndianRailways have changed materials of construction ofpassenger coaches not only to deal with the allimportant problem of corrosion, but also to provideimproved amenities, comforts and speedier travelto passengers.
Images on this page show the transition from woodto carbon steel to integral coaches of monocoquedesign for safety, corten steel for improved corrosionresistance and then to stainless steel type 409M(painted coaches).
This transition from carbon steel to corten steel tostainless steel for the shell of the coaches camethrough experimenting with and gaining experienceand confidence in stainless steel by initially specifyingstainless steel for the most corrosion-prone areasof the shell. It started with the trough floor and toiletinlays. While these two items are standard fitmentin all passenger coaches, some of the productionhas now been diverted to all-stainless steel shellsmade of 409M and some quantities of 304 to aGerman, LHB design.
The next transition in this long journey is the plan ofthe Indian Railways to set up two new factories (in
Rae Bareilly in Uttar Pradesh and Palghat in Kerala)for exclusive manufacture of coaches made of 300series stainless steels.
In the recent past, the Indian Railways havesuccessfully adopted nano coating technology toimprove aesthetics and hygiene, and to reducemaintenance of stainless steel coaches.
The journey continues . . . . .
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Delhi Metro Train
Successful Delhi metrohas become abenchmark for othercities in India. By 2021Delhi metro willbecome largest in theworld with 413kilometers of tracks andabout 620 stations.Delhi Metro alone wouldrequire up to 1,000coaches. Each coachuses about 12 tonnes ofstainless steel. Thegrade usually specifiedis 301L.
Other cities likeMumbai, Bangalore,Kochi, Chennai,Hyderabad, Kolkata,Ahmedabad andLudhiana are planningmetro systems of theirown. Presently, thereare two manufacturersof metro coaches.Bharat Earth MoversLimited (BEML) inBangalore andBombardier nearVadodara in Gujarat.
Metro systems in more Cities
Artist’s impression of of Mumbai metro 1
Artist’s impression of Hydrabad metro train Bombardier coach for Delhi
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All-stainless steel exhaust systems for cars and motorcycles
Automotive Sector
Stainless steel wire wheels for export
Fasteners on the handle bar, and the hot zones on the exhaust pipe, marked in red
India produced 1.3 million passengercars and 7 million two-wheelers in2007-08. Production of these vehiclesis expected to increase further to morethan 20 million by 2016. Due to strictemission norms, use of stainless steelin exhausts is mandated for passengercars. By next year (2010), the entiremotorcycle industry will also have meetthese environmental standards and willswitch over to stainless steel exhaustsystems. This will be followed byscooters. The current requirement ofstainless steel per two-wheeler variesbetween 2 to 5 kg and for cars it is 8 to11 kg.
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India’s contribution: Development of low-nickel 200 series stainless steels
In the late 1980s, kitchenwareapplication accounted for anoverwhelming 85% of the end-useof stainless steel in India. At thatpoint of time, almost allkitchenware was made of 300series (18Cr, 8Ni) type stainlesssteels.
Two very important thingshappened at that time. First, nickelprices shot through the roof.Second, the Indian government’scoffers were next to zero. Thereis no indigenous production ofnickel in India and all of it has tobe imported. Given that thegovernment had no money forimports, there was no question ofimporting nickel, whatever thecost. Besides, for a low-cost massmarket like kitchenware, you couldnot even dream of people payingexorbitant prices for simplenecessities of life.
In the Indian psyche, non-magnetism was the surestindicator of a “good” stainlesssteel. Introduction of ferritic gradesfor kitchenware would have beena colossal disaster waiting tohappen.
This situation led to thedevelopment of low-nickelstainless steel grades forkitchenware which were generallynon-magnetic. The key is toappreciate that kitchen service(cooking, storing and serving) isnot a critical environment for low-nickel stainless steels as far ascorrosion is concerned – in other
words, fitness for service.Besides, kitchenware is cleanedand dried every day. India has 20-year of experience with thesegrades for this service.
Low-nickel stainless steel gradesin the market have been testedover and over for their corrosionresistance, formability andmechanical properties and foundfully fit for this service at reputed
laboratories in India. Throughpersistent efforts by ISSDA, theBureau of Indian Standards (BIS)is now in the process of issuingan Indian Standard for thesegrades.
Currently, low-nickel stainlesssteels account for about 7% ofworld production. In India, theyconstitute 70% of domesticproduction of stainless steels.
N 1 C max 0.12; Cr 14.5-16.0; Ni 1-2; Cu 1.5-2.5; N 0.08-0.2 N 2 C max 0.10; Cr 15.5-17.0; Ni 1.5-3.5; Cu 2-4; N 0.10-0.25 N 3 C max 0.09; Cr 16.0-17.5; Ni 4-6; Cu 1.5-2.5; N 0.05-0.15
There are three grades of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel that are approved by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
Grade designation Nominal composition in %
< 1% Ni(Cr-Mn) 50%
400 series7%
3163% 304
20%
200 series1-4% Ni
20%
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INDIAN STAINLESS STEEL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (ISSDA)L-22/4, Ground Floor, DLF Phase-II, Gurgaon 122 002
17. Mr D S LodhaChief ExecutiveSTAINLESS INDIA LTDC/o MUKAND LTDBajaj Bhawan (Third floor)226, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.Tel: 91-22-22822222Fax: 91-22-2534 8179, 291-274 [email protected]/associate_companyFlats, Circles
18. Mr A N GulatiAddl. Director (SS)STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LTD (S A I L)Ispat Bhawan, Lodhi RoadNew Delhi 110 003Tel: 91-11-2436 3359Fax: 91-11-2436 8779www.sail.co.inCorp. Office
Mr B B SinghExecutive Director-OperationsIn-Charge-Special SteelsS A I LIspat Bhawan, Lodhi RoadNew Delhi 110 003
13. Mr Kaizer BatliwalaDirectorBATLIWALA PROCESS ENGINEERING720 / 5, Opp Sadani Dhabi Bus-stopNarol-Vatva Road, Near Kans VatvaAhmedabad 382 440Tel: 91-79-2571 2573Fax: 91-79-2573 [email protected] Fabricator
14. Mr Y K GururajaDy. General Manager (Metro Project)BHARAT EARTH MOVERS LTDBangalore Complex, P B No - 7501New Thippasandra PostBangalore 560 075Tel: 91-80-2534 3804, 2524 2414 extn. 614Fax: 91-80-2524 [email protected] Coaches
18. Mr Paul BenjaminBHP BILLITON168 Robinson Road# 10-01Capital TowerSingapore 068912Tel: +65-63493045Fax: +65-63494045paul.benjamin@bhpbilliton.comwww.bhpbilliton.comProducer of Nickel
19. Mr K N BanerjeePartnerBIZCON BUSINESS CONSULTANTS (I)606, Ansal Bhawan16, K G MargNew Delhi 110 001Tel: 91-11-2331 3771, 2332 6754Fax: 91-11-2371 [email protected],[email protected] of Nickel and Raw Materials
20. Mr K R SadanaManaging DirectorCAVALIER, THEC 99, Mayapuri Phase – 2New Delhi 110 064Tel: 91-11-2811 4189 / 6742Fax: 91-11-2811 [email protected] Handles, Building Hardware
28. Mr. Hemant JainNAVANIDHI STEEL & ENGG. CO.PVT. LTD.Shop no. 1, Lehri Mansion 236240,S.V.P Road Mumbai-400 004Tel: 2 6749 6081/2/3Fax: 022-23890122Email: [email protected] of Stainless Steel Long Products
29. Ms Komal K BadaniManager, Business DevelopmentDIAMOND METAL SCREENS PVT LTD701, of Mazagaon UdyambagBelgaum – 590 008, KarnatakaTel: 91-831-2407775 / 2441496Fax: 91-831-2441524 / [email protected] Metal
31. Mr G HariharanDirector & COOESAB INDIA LTDPlot no -13, 3rd Main Road,HEAD OFFICEIndustrial East Ambattur Chennai – 600058ESAB INDIA LTDKarumuttu Centre, 6th Floor,New 634 (OLD 498),Anna Salai Nandanam Chennai – 600035Tel:044 - 42957884Fax: 91-44-4204 [email protected] Machines, Consumables
32. Mr P R JagannathanExecutive DirectorFLOW LINK SYSTEMS (P) LTDSF No.189/ 1A-C, Uthupalayam Arasur, AvanashiRoad Coimbatore 641 407, Tamil NaduTel: 91-422-236 0707 / 0011Fax: 91-422-236 [email protected], Valves
35. Mr Lalit KumarExecutive Director (NFM)GLENCORE INDIA PVT LTD9/48, Commercial Complex Diplomatic EnclaveMalcha Marg New Delhi 110 021Tel: 91-11-4363 3500Fax: 91-11-4363 [email protected] of Nickel and Raw Materials
76. Mr Amit BansalTeam LeaderNEEL METAL PRODUCTS LTDSector 36, Pace City – 2Gurgaon 122 004, HaryanaTel: 91-124-403 2011 to 2013Fax: 91-124-237 [email protected] www.jbmindia.comSheet Metal Work, Service Centre
86. Mr Arvind D SanghviManaging DirectorRAAJRATNA METAL INDUSTRIES LTD909, Sakar III, Near Income TaxAhmedabad 380 014Tel: 91-79-2754 3681 to 3684Fax: 91-79-2754 [email protected], Threaded Bars, Bright Bars, Wires,Welding Wires, Fasteners
110. Mr Sudhir JainManaging DirectorSUDHIR AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES PVT LTD301, Local Shopping Centre, Plot No – 5,Derawala Nagar, Gujrawalan Town, Phase 4New Delhi 110 009Tel: 91-11-2712 7954Fax: 91-11-2746 [email protected]
111. Mr S M YunusSUHNER INDIA PVT LTDPlot 235 U2, Bommasandra Indl. Area,Bommasandra. Bangalore 560 099Tel: 91-80-2783 1108Fax: 91-80-2783 [email protected] and Abrasives for Stainless SteelSurface Finishing
STAINLESS INDIA / SPECIAL ISSUE/ 56
112. Mr Kishore MehtaSURAJ METAL CORPORATION21, 2nd Carpenter Street, Mumbai 400 004Tel: 91-22-2386 6919Fax: 91-22-2387 [email protected] of Various St.Steel Raw MaterialsWire, Roll Formed Products
2. Mr T S SundaresanSecretary GeneralTHE INDIAN FERRO ALLOY PRODUCERS’ASSOCIATION,1-B, Haji Moosa Patrawala Indl. Estate20, Dr E Moses Road, Mahalaxmi (W)Mumbai 400 011Tel: 91-22-2496 2755Fax: 91-22-2496 [email protected]@hotmail.comwww.indianferroalloysassociation.orgAssociation of Producers / Suppliers of FerroAlloys
3. Dr R K P SinghDirector GeneralINSTITUTE FOR STEEL DEVELOPMENT& GROWTHIspat Niketan , 1st floor52 / 1 A, Ballygunge Circular RoadKolkata 700 019Tel: 91-33-2461 4049 / 4047 / 4049Fax: 91-33-2461 [email protected] of Steel Usage in Domestic &Industrial Sectors
4. NICKEL INSTITUTE5th floor, Avenue des Arts 13Brussels 1210BelgiumTel: +33 [email protected]. Info. on Applications of Nickel,Nickel-Containing Alloys andNickel-Containing SS
5. Mr Mohan NahtaSecretarySTAINLESS STEEL REROLLERS ASSOCN.27-29-31 A, V P RoadKishor Bhuvan, Opp LadwadiMumbai 400 004Tel: 91-22-2386 1917, 2242 7171Fax: 91-22-2242 3030Association of Rerollers