2019 Senior External Examination: Modern History Paper Two — … · 8 2019 Modern History — Historical sources book — Paper Two Source G — Long live great Marxism–Leninism–Mao

Planning space

12019 Modern History — Historical sources book — Paper Two

Note: The spelling of Chinese names may occur in either the older Wade-Giles form or the more recently adopted Pinyin form, e.g., Guangzhou (Canton), depending on the time frame of the origin of the source. Names like Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung) are, however, readily recognisable in either form.

Seen sources (1–11)Source 1 — The history of revolution in China

Zedong, M 1939, The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party, Selected Works, vol. II

Source 2 — Communism and patriotism

Chen, Z 2005, ‘Nationalism, internationalism and Chinese foreign policy’

Source 3 — The 1953–57 Five Year Plan

Trueman, CN 2015, China and the First Five Year Plan

Redacted due to copyright restrictions



2 2019 Modern History — Historical sources book — Paper Two

Source 4 — The Hundred Flowers Campaign of 1957

Jackson, JM 2004, An Early Spring: Mao Tse-tung, the Chinese intellectuals and the Hundred Flowers Campaign

Source 5 — Mao launches the ‘Great Leap Forward’ five-year economic plan in 1958

ʻThe industry of the fatherland develops by leaps and bounds and frightens England so that it trembles with fear. Steel production has to double or triple in just a few years, so that China can surpass England in fifteen years.̓

Qing, L 1958, Zuguo gongye feiyue fazhan xiade Yingguo danzhan xinjing



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Source 6 — Beijing Red Guard: Long live the revolutionary rebel spirit of the proletariat

Red Guards 1966, ‘Long live the revolutionary spirit of the proletariat’

Source 7 — Mao (1966–1972)‘Forging ahead courageously while following the great leader Chairman Mao!’

The super-human Mao, overseeing the immeasurable crowds of his faithful supporters. Below left an ecstatic group carries a dish of mangoes, symbolising the seven mangoes Mao received from a foreign delegation in 1968, and presented to carefully selected ‘Worker-Peasant Mao Zedong Thought Propaganda Teams’.

Forging ahead courageously while following the great leader Chairman Mao! 1969, Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of the International Institute of Social History



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Source 8 — Mao’s nationalism

Butterfield, F 1976, ‘Mao Tse-Tung: Father of Chinese Revolution’ (obituary)

Source 9 — Mao Zedong on socialism

Zedong, M 1957, Speech at the meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution

Source 10 — Mao’s legacy

Liang, K 1999, Mao’s legacy




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Source 11 — The policy of ‘de-Maoisation’

Cowie, HR 1987, Asia and Australia in World Affairs, vol. 3

End of Seen sources


6 2019 Modern History — Historical sources book — Paper Two

Unseen sources (A–K)

Source A — The Proclamation of the People’s Republic of China, 1 October 1949

Zedong, M 1950, On the People’s Democratic Dictatorship

Source B — Mao’s contribution

Morcombe, M & Fielding, M 1999, The Spirit of Change: China in Revolution

Source C — Mao’s view on the role of the Chinese Communist Party

Zedong, M 1957, Speech at the meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution




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Source D — The Great Leap Forward (1958–1962)‘Put organisations on a military footing, put actions on a war footing, put life on a collective footing.’

The Great Leap Forward took two forms: a mass steel campaign, and the formation of the people’s communes. Life was militarised for this battle of steel.

Xin’guo, Z & Duan, L 1958 (designers), Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of he International Institute of Social History

Source E — Mao’s great leap to famine

Dikötter, F 2010, ‘Mao’s great leap to famine’

Source F — Cultural Revolution (1966–1968)

Peking Review, no. 33, vol. 9, pp 6–11, 1966, ‘China’s cultural revolution,1966–1969: not a dinner party’




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Source G — Long live great Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong thought‘Long live the great Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong thought.’

During the Cultural Revolution, the representation of Marx played a great role in the attempts to position Mao Zedong as the last living — and therefore most relevant — contributor to Marxism.

Long live the great Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong thought. 1971, Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of the International Institute of Social History

Source H — Maoism

Buruma, I 2001, ‘Cult of the chairman’

Source I — Mao’s record

Schram, SR (n.d.), ‘Mao Zedong’




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Source J — ‘The Chinese had stood up!’

Kim, LG 2004, ‘The legacy of Mao Zedong’

Source K — Official view of Mao, post-Cultural Revolution

The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, 1978

End of Unseen sources



Acknowledgments

Seen sources (1–11)Source 1Zedong, M 1939, The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party, Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung; vol. II, www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_23.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 2Chen, Z 2005, ‘Nationalism, internationalism and Chinese foreign policy’, Journal of Contemporary China, vol. 14, issue 42, pp. 32–53, https://doi.org./10.1080/1067056042000300772, accessed 27 September 2019.

Source 3Trueman, CN 2015, China and the First Five Year Plan, www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/china-1900-to-1976/china-and-the-first-five-year-plan, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 4Jackson, JM 2004, ‘An early spring: Mao Tse-tung, the Chinese intellectuals and the Hundred Flowers Campaign’, VTFB, http://filebox.vt.edu/users/jojacks2/words/hundredflowers.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 5Qing, L 1958, Zuguo gongye feiyue fazhan xiade Yingguo danzhan xinjing: The Industry of the Fatherland Develops by Leaps and Bounds and Frightens England so That it Trembles with Fear (poster), International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, https://hdl.handle.net/10622/384307CA-15AA-4C4D-9068-FA19291DE9D2, accessed 27 September 2019.

Source 6Red Guards 1966, ‘Long live the Revolutionary Spirit of the proletariat’, Peking Review, vol. 9, no. 37, 9 September, pp. 20–21, Morcombe M & Fielding M 1999, The Spirit of Change: China in revolution, McGraw-Hill, Sydney, NSW.

Source 7Forging ahead courageously while following the great leader Chairman Mao!, 1969, Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of the International Institute of Social History, http://hdl.handle.net/10622/30051001296919?locatt=view:level3, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 8Butterfield, F 1972, ‘Mao Tse-Tung: Father of Chinese Revolution’ (obituary), The New York Times, http://movies2.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1226.html, accessed 27 September 2019.

Source 9Zedong, M 1957, Speech at the meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/red-book/ch03.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 10Liang, K 1999, ‘Mao’s legacy’, BBC News, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/09/99/china_ 50_years_of_communism/453424.stm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source 11Cowrie, HR 1987, Asia and Australia in World Affairs, vol. 3, Thomas Nelson, Melbourne, Australia.

Unseen sources (A–K)Source AZedong, M 1950, On the People’s Democratic Dictatorship, Foreign Language Press, Beijing, China. Australian Associated Press (AAP), Sydney, NSW.

Source BMorcombe, M & Fielding, M 1999, The Spirit of Change: China in Revolution, McGraw-Hill, Sydney.

Source CZedong, M 1957, Speech at the meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-7/mswv7_479.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source DXin’guo, X & Duan, L (designers), 1958, Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of the International Institute of Social History, http://hdl.handle.net/10622/30051002225602?locatt=view:level3, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source EDikötter, F 2010, ‘Mao’s great leap to famine’, The New York Times, www.nytimes.com/2010/12/16/opinion/16iht-eddikotter16.html?_r=0, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source FPeking Review, vol. 9, no. 33, pp. 6–11, 1966, in M Schoenhals (ed.), ‘China’s Cultural Revolution, 1966–1969: Not a Dinner Party’, ME Sharpe, New York.

Source GLong live the great Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong thought, 1971, Landsberger, SR (collector) in care of the International Institute of Social History, https://iisg.amsterdam/en/detail?id=https%3A%2F%2Fiisg. amsterdam%2Fid%2Fitem%2F1093255, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source HBuruma, I 2001, ‘Cult of the chairman’, The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/world/2001/mar/07/china. features11, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source ISchram, SR (n.d.), ‘Mao Zedong’, Encyclopaedia Britannica, www.britannica.com/biography/Mao-Zedong, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source JKim, LG 2004, ‘The legacy of Mao Zedong’, China Daily, www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-01/19/content_300222.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

Source KThe Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, 1978, www.ldbj.com/china/11_3.htm, accessed 11 June 2019.

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2019 Senior External Examination: Modern History Paper Two — … · 8 2019 Modern History — Historical sources book — Paper Two Source G — Long live great Marxism–Leninism–Mao

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