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Our job as an Experience Designer would be to predict the rate of change then anticipate the behaviour of user and how it might changewith the introduction of new revolutions (machines, voice interaction systems, conversational bots, BCI etc.) And, therefore, create groundbreaking products.
“Use” Users For UX
“Buy” Customers For CX or ServiceDesign For Customer eXperience or Service experience
Design For User eXperience or (Interactive) product experience
“Use” Users For UX
“Buy” Customers For CX or Service
“Talk” Player For PX(Playful eXperience)(Saying/Typing and Respond)
Design For Customer eXperience or Service experience
Design For User eXperience or (Interactive) product experience
Design For Player’s Playful eXperience(embodied (interactive) product experience and service experience)
“Use” Users For UX
“Buy” Customers For CX or Service
“Talk” Player For PX(Playful eXperience)(Saying/Typing and Respond)
“He has a magic lamp with a genie inside, who grants wishes.”
Design For Player’s Playful eXperience(embodied (interactive) product experience and service experience)
Design For Customer eXperience or Service experience
Design For User eXperience or (Interactive) product experience
“Talk” Player(Saying/Typing and Respond)
“He has a magic lamp with a genie inside, who grants wishes.”
For PX(Playful eXperience)
• Creating a magic lamp with a genie(Craft a Personality); Creating a genie-like UX
• Personalized god in a box; Era of IPA(Intelligent Personal assistant)
Avoid nagging users with unhelpful or irrelevant messages
• Version 1.0* Every time a user typed “Dear . . . ,” Clippy would dutifully
propose, “I see you are writing a letter. Would you like some help?”—no matter how many times the user had rejected this offer in the past.
Clippy would give unhelpful answers to questions, and when the user rephrased the question, Clippy would give the same unhelpful answers again.Image source: http://bit.ly/1PDos4G
Scapegoating(Create a scapegoat; 죄를 뒤집어씌우는 전략) (1/2)
• Strategy* Social science literature to find simple tactics that unpopular
people use to make friends.
Without any fundamental change in the software, the right social strategy rescued Clippy from the list of Most Hated Software of All Time; creating a scapegoat bonded Clippy and the user against a common enemy.
Scapegoating(Create a scapegoat; 죄를 뒤집어씌우는 전략) (2/2)
• Version 2.0* After Clippy made a suggestion or answered a question, he
would ask, “Was that helpful?” and then present buttons for “yes” and “no.” If the user clicked “no,” Clippy would say, “That gets me really angry! Let’s tell Microsoft how bad their help system is.”
He would then pop up an e-mail to be sent to “Manager, Microsoft Support,” with the subject, “Your help system needs work!” After giving the user a couple of minutes to type a complaint, Clippy would say, “C’mon! You can be tougher than that. Let ’em have it!”
• 아내의 속도에 맞게 대화를!Our A.I. can type a thousand words per minute, but that’s not what people want from a
chat interface.
• 아내의 호흡(사용자의 특성)에 맞게 탄력적으로(학습을 통해) 대화를!We intentionally pace how fast a user receives our messages to make the experience feel
more natural; Pace messages at human reading speed. If your bot blurts out too much text instantaneously, this can be jarring for users to keep up with.
We’ve tested a lot of different levels of speed and found that adding a .02 second delayhelps with engagement.
We hope to create a feature that will analyze the way a user interacts with our system and adjust the pacing for each individual, and we already have enough data to appropriately adjust the pace by age.
• Engagement drops with every line of text over three lines, which we call the “glanceable tipping point.”
They need to be invested in the answer they are about to receive. If they ask for advice from a local doctor who accepts their insurance, they will take the time to read a long message because the information matters to them. We’ve also noticed that users don’t like receiving too many messages in a row without a break.
• We’ve now added a user input option after 4-5 messages to break up the text and give the user a few seconds to catch their breath. Even a simple response like “OK” or “cool” works to pace the influx of texts.
• Humans expect computers to act as though they were people and get annoyed when technology fails to respond in socially appropriate ways.(컴퓨터가 사람처럼행동하길 기대하고, 기술이 인간적인 방식으로 반응하지 않는 것에 불만을 가짐)
Show that people treat computers as if they were real people(컴퓨터와 미디어를사람처럼 대하는 사람들의 성향 관련 연구) Nass, C., and Brave, S. B. (2005). Wired for speech: How voice activates and
enhances the human computer relationship. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Reeves, B., and Nass, C. (1996). The media equation: How people treat
computers, television, and new media like real people and places. New York: Cambridge University Press.
• This is a reproduction of one of the most famous of the Tiffany stained-glass pieces—the colors are absolutely sensational! This first-class, handmade copper-foiled stained-glass shade is over six and one-half inches in diameter and over five inches tall. I am sure that this gorgeous lamp will accent any environment and bring a classic touch of the past to a stylish present. It is guaranteed to be in excellent condition! I very highly recommend it.
• This is a reproduction of a Tiffany stained-glass piece. The colors are quite rich. The handmade copper-foiled stained-glass shade is about six and one-half inches in diameter and five inches tall.
• You should definitely select option A instead of option B. There are at least six reasons why this is the right option. I am 90 percent confident of this assessment.
• Perhaps you should select option A instead of option B? It seems like there are reasons why this might be the right choice. I am 40 percent confident of this assessment.
• Similarity-attraction affects people to such a degree that they feel positive toward not only similar people but also anything associated with those similar people. For example, in the experiment, not only did participants like the sellers who were similar to themselves, they also felt more positive about the items associated with the similar sellers.(유사성-매력 효과는 긍정적 감정 뿐만 아니라 유대감 유발. 심지어성격이 비슷한 판매자가 경매에 올린 제품까지 선호)
• 외향성 음성과 내향성 음성 동일 적용; 음량, 음역, 음성 속도; 성격과 음성의 일관성중요하게 판단함
• When the introduction to a computer-based “Entertainment Guide” matched users’ personalities, users found the recommended music to be significantly better, even though the recommendations themselves were identical.(동일 음악을 추천하여도서비스 도입부가 자신의 성격에 부합하면 선호 발생)
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* Source: Clifford Nass & Corina Yen, 2010
Reference: Dormehl, Luke (2014-04-03). The Formula: How Algorithms Solve all our Problems … and Create More. Ebury Publishing.
Quantified Self movementSelf-knowledge through numbers
(숫자를 통한 자기 이해)
Based upon speech patterns, the particular words they used, and even details as seemingly trivial as whether they said “um” or “err” – and then utilise these insights to put them through to the agent best suited for dealing with their emotional needs?
(Chicago’s Mattersight Corporation does exactly that. Based on custom algorithms, Mattersight calls its business “predictive behavioral routing”.)
Quantified Self movementSelf-knowledge through numbers
(숫자를 통한 자기 이해)
Based upon speech patterns, the particular words they used, and even details as seemingly trivial as whether they said “um” or“err” – and then utilise these insights to put them through to the agent best suited for dealing with their emotional needs?(Chicago’s Mattersight Corporation does exactly that. Based on custom algorithms, Mattersight calls its business “predictive behavioral routing”.)
The man behind Mattersight’s behavioural models is a clinical psychologist named Dr Taibi Kahler. Kahler is the creator of a type of psychological behavioural profiling called Process Communication.
What Kahler noticed was that certain predictable signs precede particular incidents of distress, and that these distress signs are linked to specific speech patterns. These, in turn, led to him developing profiles on the six different personality types he saw recurring.
Reference: Dormehl, Luke (2014-04-03). The Formula: How Algorithms Solve all our Problems … and Create More. Ebury Publishing.
Quantified Self movementSelf-knowledge through numbers
(숫자를 통한 자기 이해)
Based upon speech patterns, the particular words they used, and even details as seemingly trivial as whether they said “um” or“err” – and then utilise these insights to put them through to the agent best suited for dealing with their emotional needs?(Chicago’s Mattersight Corporation does exactly that. Based on custom algorithms, Mattersight calls its business “predictive behavioral routing”.)
The man behind Mattersight’s behavioural models is a clinical psychologist named Dr Taibi Kahler. Kahler is the creator of a type of psychological behavioural profiling called Process Communication. What Kahler noticed was that certain predictable signs precede particular incidents of distress, and that these distress signs are linked to specific speech patterns. These, in turn, led to him developing profiles on the six different personality types he saw recurring.
A person patched through to an individual with a similar personality type to their own will have an average conversation length of five minutes, with a 92 percent problem-resolution rate. A caller paired up to a conflicting personality type, on the other hand, will see their call length double to ten minutes – while the problem-resolution rate tumbles to 47 percent.
Reference: Dormehl, Luke (2014-04-03). The Formula: How Algorithms Solve all our Problems … and Create More. Ebury Publishing.
Personality type Personality traits How common?
“Thinkers”Thinkers view the world through data. Their primary way of dealing with situations is based upon logical analysis of a situation. They have the potential to become humourless and controlling.
1 in 4 people
“Rebels”Rebels interact with the world based on reactions. They either love things orhate them. Many innovators come from this group. Under pressure they can be negative and blameful.
1 in 5 people
“Persisters”Persisters filter everything through their opinions. Everything is measured upagainst their world view. This describes the majority of politicians.
1 in 10 people
“Harmonisers”Harmonisers deal with everything in terms of emotions and relationships. Tight situations make this group overreactive.
3 in 10 people
“Promoters”Promoters view everything through action. These are the salesmen of the world, always looking to close a deal. They can be irrational and impulsive.
1 in 20 people
“Imaginers”Imaginers deal in unfocused thought and reflection. These people operate in vivid internal worlds and are likely to spot patterns where others cannot.
1 in 10 people
Dr Taibi Kahler’s the six different personality types
Reference: Dormehl, Luke (2014-04-03). The Formula: How Algorithms Solve all our Problems … and Create More. Ebury Publishing.
• I’ve even heard that comedy writers are becoming the next hot UX hires in the hopes of making copy more engaging.
• We often use humor to lighten up a situation and smooth over our mistakes. We might consider using this tactic when the bot encounters a limitation or needs to give
an error message.
• To succeed with humor, consider what type of personality your users would find engaging. Make sure to fit the tone to the task at hand, as well as the brand your bot is representing. For example, if you’re building a banking bot, avoid flippantly humorous error messages
when a user’s balance can’t be retrieved. This is a very important place to check in with our User Personas to get a feel for their
• We did learn to only use emojis in positive affirmation responses and to introduce them later in the onboarding process.
• We use templated responses for many interactions that the user inputs, and one thing we learned is that people don’t like being “forced” to send emojis back to a bot. Our responses tend to be fairly generic because people need to connect to the things we are allowing them to say.
• First impressions really do make or break an interaction, so we should consider our greeting carefully.
It’s often helpful to explain what our bot can do in the first interaction,
But it can be jarring for the user to get a huge chunk of text before exchanging a greeting.
Like it or not, your first-time users are essentially talking with a stranger, which in the range of enjoyable life activities ranks right up there with surprise dental emergencies.
They may grow to love your bot at some point, but in the first engagement, your bot is essentially the guy on the subway who just started asking them questions.
Natural Flow and Cadence: Don’t Be A Broken Record
You: What is your name?Mitsuku: My name is Mitsuku.
You: What is your name?Mitsuku: You just asked me that. It’s still Mitsuku. It hasn’t changed in the last 10
secs.
• Nobody likes being told the same thing over and over again, So why do chatbots keep doing it? Bots should detect when they’re about to repeat a
previously given answer and switch strategies.
As an egregious example, I ran into a bug with the 1–800-Flowers chatbot on Facebook Messenger. This chatbot presents categories and subcategories of bouquets you can choose from, but if you go into a subcategory card menu, the previous menus become deactivated and there’s no obvious way to go back to them. Pretty silly, eh?
• Our audience comes from a huge cross-section of society. We sell our product directly to employers of a highly educated workforce as well as to people who didn’t finish high school. We’ve found that, regardless of the audience, making your scripts as simple as possible results in the greatest level of engagement.
• You can use the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level feature in Microsoft Word or an app like Hemingwayapp.com to figure out the present grade level of your scripts. I don’t think there is a hard and fast rule of what grade level you want to write to, but in general, the lower the better.
Typing "@uber from Penn Station to LaGuardia Airport" would order a car to pick you up to drop you at the airport.
Typing "@nest 73" and Prompt will turn up your heat if you have a Nest thermostat.
Typing "@flightstats AA21" would get you the status for American Airlines flight 21
Typing "@hue" will turn on and off your Philips Hue bulbs
Typing "@showtimes" will tell you what movies are playing near you, and so on.
• Just like the command line, though, Prompt's biggest barrier to entry is syntax.That's especially frustrating on smartphones, where on-screen keyboards and autocorrect can wreak havoc with Prompt's super-specific vocabulary.
Sources: • Gursimarjot Singh Walia, Gurjot Kaur Walia: Level of Asthma: A Numerical Approach based on Voice Profiling (2016)• Pragnesh Parmar, Udhayabanu R. “Voice Fingerprinting: A Very Important Tool against Crime”. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. Jan- March 2012, Vol. 34, No.1, ISSN: 0971-0973.
• The voice of each person is differentbecause the anatomy of vocal cavity, oral cavity, nasal cavity, and vocal cords is specific to the individual.
• People in different countries, in fact, people in different parts of the same country, speak with different accents. There are some people who run their words together, and there are others who talk with pauses between their words.
• If a person is having some kind of illness, such as cough, cold, fever etc., or feeling some kind of emotion, such as happiness, sadness, stress, anxiety etc., then their voice would be different from what they sound when they are normal.
비강(鼻腔)
구강(口腔)
성대(聲帶)
Source: Rita Singh, Joseph Keshet, Eduard Hovy: Profiling Hoax Callers (2016)
“지금 뉴스에 나오는보이스피싱 사건은 지금인터뷰하는 손자의자작극이에요.
변조로 목소리를 다르게 하려고애를 썼지만 손자의 호흡, 말투, 억양이 일치해요.
사람 목소리는 지문과 같아요.
손자가 자작극을 했을 확률이99.9%에요.”
Source: 드라마 <보이스>
In police and Forensic Scientists, sometimes voice is the only clue available in identifying the criminal.
Source: Gursimarjot Singh Walia, Gurjot Kaur Walia: Level of Asthma: A Numerical Approach based on Voice Profiling (2016)
“대표적인 ‘오원춘사건‘.
피해자가 112에 죽기직전에 전화했는데, 결국 시간이지연되면서 다음날아침 시신으로 발견.
심리분석이 가능한‘보이스프로파일러'가 그전화를 받았다면현장에 돌입할 수있었을 것이다.”
Source: 드라마 <보이스> 홍보영상 https://www.facebook.com/CJTVING/videos/1385055181535656/
Source: 드라마 <보이스>
“범죄 현장의 ‘소리'를통해 많은 정보를수집하는 것은 굉장히좋은 수사의 방향이 될수 있다.”
Source: 드라마 <보이스> 홍보영상 https://www.facebook.com/CJTVING/videos/1385055181535656/
• In forensic voice comparison(FVC), Speech recordings from an unknown voice, usually of an offender, are compared with recordings from a
known voice, usually the suspect.
• In the first type, The expert considers their aim to be to say how likely it is, given the evidence, that the suspect said the
incriminating speech.
• In the second type of FVC, The expert’s aim is seen as restricted to estimating the strength of the speech evidence with a
Likelihood Ratio(LR)? In other words, to estimate how much more likely the difference between the suspect and offender
speech samples is, assuming the offender sample has come from the suspect, rather than from another randomly chosen speaker in the relevant population.
• For some time now, The use of a LR has been theoretically recognised as the correct logical framework for the evaluation of
forensic evidence.
Source: Rose, Phil.: Where the Science Ends and the Law Begins: Theory and Reality in Likelihood Ratio-based Forensic Voice Comparison.(2012) References:• Association of Forensic Science Providers: Standards for the formulation of evaluative forensic science expert opinion. Science & Justice 49, 161-164 (2009)• Gonzalez-Rodriguez J., Rose P., Ramos, D., Torre, D. & Ortega-Garcia, J.: Emulating DNA: Rigorous Quantification of Evidential Weight in Transparent and Testable Forensic Speaker Recognition.
IEEE Trans. on Audio Speech and Language Processing 15(7), 2104-2115 (2007)• Balding, D.J.: Weight of Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles. Wiley, Chichester (2005)• Aitken, C.G.G., Taroni, F.: Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists. Wiley, Chichester (2004)
• A crucial desideratum in forensic comparison science? The accuracy (and more recently the precision) of a LR-based FVC(forensic voice
comparison) system are also straightforwardly tested.
• Apart from its correctness, The LR approach has several other important properties. It allows, for example, the combination of evidence of different types, nicely
demonstrated in the testing of both automatic and acoustic-phonetic features in hybrid FVC systems.The LR-based testing of other forensic evidence types is now following:
fingerprints, handwriting and SMS texting.
Source: Rose, Phil.: Where the Science Ends and the Law Begins: Theory and Reality in Likelihood Ratio-based Forensic Voice Comparison.(2012) References:• Morrison, G.S.: Measuring the Validity and Reliability of forensic likelihood-ratio systems. Science & Justice (51) 3, 91-98 (2011)• Morrison: G.S. Forensic voice comparison and the paradigm shift. Science & Justice 49,298-308 (2009)• Gonzalez-Rodriguez J., Drygajlo, A., Ramos-Castro, D., Garcia-Gomar, M., Ortega-Garcia, J.: Robust estimation, interpretation and assessment of likelihood ratios in forensic speaker recognition.
Computer Speech and Language 20, 331-355 (2006)
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Source: Rose, Phil.: Where the Science Ends and the Law Begins: Theory and Reality in Likelihood Ratio-based Forensic Voice Comparison.(2012)
• Figure 1 shows the F0 realising the [H.L.LH] intonational pitch of the offender, aligned with its wideband spectrogram.
• F0 on not can be seen to drop from about 200 Hz to 175 Hz; whence it drops further on the nucleus of too to about 125 Hz.
• The F0 shows a small ca. 15 Hz increase from its minimum value of 125 Hz in the /b/ hold, and rises on the nucleus of bad with a slightly convex contour from about 145 Hz to peak at about 185 Hz.
Source: Rose, Phil.: Where the Science Ends and the Law Begins: Theory and Reality in Likelihood Ratio-based Forensic Voice Comparison.(2012)
• Figure 2 compares the offender F0 with the F0 of the suspect’s 15 not too bad utterances.
• The similarity is considerable, with the offender’s F0 time-course lying completely within, and in some places almost exactly in the middle of, the suspect’s distribution.
• Note too the suspect’s use of both H and L on not.
• Table shows the parameters that can be extracted using voice analysis, and the information that can be extracted from those voice parameters.
Sources: • Gursimarjot Singh Walia, Gurjot Kaur Walia: Level of Asthma: A Numerical Approach based on Voice Profiling (2016)• Khushboo Batra, Swati Bhasin, Amandeep Singh. “ Acoustic Analysis of voice samples to differentiate Healthy and Asthmatic persons”. International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science,
ISSN 2319-7242, Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2015, Page No. 13161-13164.• Pragnesh Parmar, Udhayabanu R. “Voice Fingerprinting: A Very Important Tool against Crime”. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. Jan- March 2012, Vol. 34, No.1, ISSN: 0971-0973.
※ Extraction of voice parametersThe above parameters were extracted using the MDVP (Model 5105, KayPENTAX) tool of CSL (Model 4500, KayPENTAX) system.
Fo: Average Fundamental FrequencyJitt: Jitter (%)Shim: Shimmer (%)vFo: Coefficient of fundamental frequency variationDUV: Degree of VoicelessDSH: Degree of Sub-HarmonicsSPI: Soft Phonation IndexDVB: Degree of Voice BreaksNHR: Noise-to-Harmonic RatioPPQ: Pitch Period Perturbation Quotient (%)RAP: Relative Average Perturbation (%)To: Average Pitch Period
1. 공간 구분의 필요성 폐쇄 공간 & 오픈 공간: 지속적으로 상주하는 특정인의 유무 기준으로 구분
2. 폐쇄 공간 내 서비스 예측 및 서비스 디자인 범죄 예방 및 범죄 골든타임 지원 서비스
① 집이나 어린이집 등에서 가까운 관계의 상대에서 가해지는 일시적 또는지속적으로 자행되는 범죄 관련 지원 서비스
② 외부인이 침입 시도 또는 침입하여 발생하는 범죄 관련 지원 서비스
패턴과 Context 기반의 서비스 시나리오 디자인 수요자와 공급자 모두 대상(일시 방문자 및 외부 침입자 포함) 자동 대처와 그 외의 대처 상황 고려 필요 다양한 생태계와 유기적인 공조 서비스 시나리오 디자인 필요 보안 정책 및 사생활 침해 등 윤리 가이드라인 수립 필요
① 지속적으로 상주하는 특정인의 보이스 프로파일링 및 보이스 인증 기술② 일시 방문자의 보이스 프로파일링③ 폐쇄 공간 내 노이즈 프로파일링 및 이상 노이즈 중점 분석 기술④ 행동패턴 누적 및 분석 기술(지속적인 모니터링이 가능한 관제 관련 기술 포함)
범죄 골든타임 지원 기술 영상인식 등 다른 기술과의 연계 지원 기술
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Sources: • Khushboo Batra, Swati Bhasin, Amandeep Singh: Acoustic Analysis of voice samples to differentiate Healthy and Asthmatic persons(2015)• Rachna, Dinesh Singh, Vikas: FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM ASTHMA PATIENT’S VOICE USING MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS(2014)• Saloni, R. K. Sharma, and A. K. Gupta. "Disease detection using voice analysis: a review." International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics 6.3(2014): 189-209.• Sonu, R. K. Sharma “Disease detection using analysis of voice”, TECHNIA – International Journal of Computing Science and Communication Technologies, VOL.4 NO. 2, January 2012.
• Speech is produced by vocal folds. It involves the interaction of various body parts*. It can hurt the sound quality of the voice.
• Asthma is a lung disease that affects airflow to and fro from lungs. A whistling sound comes when asthmatic patient breathes.
* This includes various components like abdominal, ribcage, lungs, pharynx, oral cavity and nose and each performs its own function in speech production.
Sources: • Gursimarjot Singh Walia, Gurjot Kaur Walia: Level of Asthma: A Numerical Approach based on Voice Profiling (2016)• Khushboo Batra, Swati Bhasin, Amandeep Singh. “ Acoustic Analysis of voice samples to differentiate Healthy and Asthmatic persons”. International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science,
Source: Rachna, Dinesh Singh, Vikas: FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM ASTHMA PATIENT’S VOICE USING MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS(2014)
In the above graphs an analysis of mean of five vowels (a,e,i,o,u) for males and females are presented for various voice parameters like JITTER and SHIMMER of different asthma and healthy persons are compared.
• Asthma has no cure, just it can be controlled. Major risk factors are bedding dust, carpet, furniture dust, also family history or allergy.
• It can be controlled during asthma stages by doing long term meditation daily, regular check up by doctor in case of serious patients, taking some drugs through inhalers when asthma attack came etc.
• Further these extracted coefficients will be analyzed for finding similarities between patients and normal persons.
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Source: Rachna, Dinesh Singh, Vikas: FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM ASTHMA PATIENT’S VOICE USING MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS(2014)
Voice Analysis of Parkinson Disease & Voice Recognition
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Sources: • Saloni, R. K. Sharma, Anil K. Gupta: Voice Analysis for Telediagnosis of Parkinson Disease Using Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines (2015)• Max A. Little, P. E. Macsharry, E. J. Hunter, J.Sielman, L. O. Raming, “Suitability Of Dysophonia Measurements for Telemonitoring of Parkinson’s Disease, IEEE Transaction on biomedical engg,Vol.
Acoustic Analysis of voice samples to differentiate Healthy
• A human voice is very closely related to the human health conditions, both physical and mental. Changes in voice quality and pitch occur frequently in hormonal imbalances or deficiencies.
• Through acoustic analysis, factors that affect the production mechanism of human voice leads to the non-invasive diagnosis of diseases.
• The person’s voice suffering from any disease different from the healthy person in some extent. As the various diseases like Parkinson, dysphonia, cardio-vascular, dystharia & respiratory tract infection lay their impression on voice of a person.
• With the help of speech we will extract various information about the speaker, gender, language, emotions health.
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Sources: • Gursimarjot Singh Walia, Gurjot Kaur Walia: Level of Asthma: A Numerical Approach based on Voice Profiling (2016)• Khushboo Batra, Swati Bhasin, Amandeep Singh: Acoustic Analysis of voice samples to differentiate Healthy and Asthmatic persons(2015)• Cyril R. Pernet et al. “The human voice areas: Spatial organization and inter-individual variability in temporal and extratemporal cortices”. Neuroimage 119(2015) 164-174.• Saloni, R. K. Sharma, and A. K. Gupta. "Disease detection using voice analysis: a review." International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics 6.3 (2014):189-209.• Teixeira, João Paulo, and Paula Odete Fernandes. "Jitter, Shimmer and HNR Classification within Gender, Tones and Vowels in Healthy Voices." Procedia Technology 16 (2014): 1228-1237.• Pati, Debadatta and SR Mahadeva Prasanna. "Speaker recognition from excitation source perspective." IETE Technical Review 27.2 (2010): 138-157.• Peng, Ce, et al. "Pathological voice classification based on a single Vowel's acoustic features." Computer and Information Technology, 2007. CIT 2007. 7th IEEE International Conference on. IEEE,
2007.• Friedrich S. Brodnitz. “Hormones and the Human Voice”, Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 03/1971; 47(2):183-91.
① 집이나 어린이집 등에서 질병 (감염) 유발 환경 모니터링② 경증, 중증 환자의 경우, 지속적인 건강 상태 모니터링
패턴과 Context 기반의 서비스 시나리오 디자인 수요자와 공급자 모두 대상(외부인 포함) 자동 대처와 그 외의 대처 상황 고려 필요 다양한 생태계와 유기적인 공조 서비스 시나리오 디자인 필요 보안 정책 및 사생활 침해 등 윤리 가이드라인 수립 필요
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Source: Dave Winsborough and Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic: Talent Identification in the Digital World: New Talent Signals and the Future of HR Assessment(2016)
New Talent Signals and the Future of HR Assessment
• Through the addition of innovations, such as text analytics and algorithmic reading of voice-generated emotions, a wider universe of talent signals can be sampled.
• In the case of voice mining, candidates’ speech patterns are compared with an “attractive” exemplar, derived from the voice patterns of high performing employees. Undesirable candidate voices are eliminated from the context, and those who fit move to the next round.
• More recent developments include video-mediated scenario-based questions, images, video, and work samples and automated reading of micro-emotions during the interview.
• For example, Hirevue.com, a leading provider of digital interview technologies, employs coding challenges to screen software engineers for their software writing ability. Likewise, Uber uses similar tools to test and evaluate potential drivers exclusively via their smartphones.
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Sources: • Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, Dave Winsborough, Ryne A. Sherman, Robert Hogan: New Talent Signals: Shiny New Objects or a Brave New World?(2016)• Dave Winsborough and Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic: Talent Identification in the Digital World: New Talent Signals and the Future of HR Assessment(2016)
Source: Daniel Chen, Yosh Halberstam, Alan Yu: Covering: Mutable Characteristics and Perceptions of Voice in the U.S. Supreme Court (2016)
• Based on Ekman’s research on emotions (Ekman, 1993), the security sector has developed microexpression detection and analysis technology to enhance the accuracy of interrogation techniques for identifying deception (Ryan, Cohn, & Lucey, 2009). Ekman, P. (1993). Facial expression and emotion. The American Psychologist, 48(4), 384–392. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.4.384 Ryan, A., Cohn, J., & Lucey, S. (2009). Automated facial expression recognition system. 43rd Annual 2009 International
Carnahan Conference on Security Technologies, 172–177. doi:10.1109/CCST.2009.5335546
• The recent creation of large databases of microexpressions (Yan, Wang, Liu, Wu, & Fu, 2014) is likely to facilitate the standardization and validation of these methods.Yan, W. J., Wang, S. J., Liu, Y. J., Wu, Q., & Fu, X. (2014). For micro-expression recognition: Database and suggestions.
• Beyond using automated emotion reading, new research aims to correlate facial features and habitual expression with personality (Kosinski, 2016). Kosinski, M. (2016, January). Mining big data to understand the link between facial features and personality. Paper
presented at the 17th Annual Convention of the Society of Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, CA.
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Sources: • Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, Dave Winsborough, Ryne A. Sherman, Robert Hogan: New Talent Signals: Shiny New Objects or a Brave New World?(2016)• Dave Winsborough and Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic: Talent Identification in the Digital World: New Talent Signals and the Future of HR Assessment(2016)
• Without the use of allergenic particles or solvents existent in candles and perfumes.
• No wheezing and no sneezing.
• Precisely the 124 colors of the spectrum.
• Turn on or off through voice commands or with a simple shake motion of your smart phone.
• We only utilize 100% organic oils based on natural floral water. No artificial methods are used in manufacturing, allowing us to provide a truly natural scent. We are starting with 5 basic fragrances and will continue to research and develop additional scents to meet the future needs of our customers.
Sensing and Managing Vehicle Behavior Based on Occupant Awareness
• Disney patent would alter rides immediately based on passenger emotions
• Disney’s patents seeks to read rider’s emotions or predetermined interests to alter rides and make them more enjoyable.
• For example, the patent states that via a camera on the vehicle or a wearable ID device — say Disney's MagicBands — a ride system could read rider facial expressions such as being excited or bored, and then alter the course of the attraction to increase/decrease speed, spin more or less often, change the tone of display scenery and/or more to improve the ride for guests.
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