[email protected]www.magnaiv.com Canada United States Chile Engineering & Technical Field Services CARGILL LIMITED 2016 Transformer Oil Sampling and Analysis June 7, 2016 File: C3330-10 Project Manager: George Shehata, P.Eng. Superior client service. Electrical confidence.
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2016 Transformer Oil Sampling and Analysis · 2016 Transformer Oil Sampling and Analysis June 7, 2016 File: ... Close observation of dissolved gases in the oil, ... 12 2 / OIL-/ ESTER
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Re: Oil Sampling and Analysis – North Vancouver Facility
We are pleased to submit the insulating fluid report and test sheets for the three (3) transformers
and one (1) OCB located at the North Vancouver facility. The transformer sampling was
performed by James Powell on June 7, 2016 in accordance with ASTM D923 and D3613
standards. The laboratory testing was completed by The Chemlab of Calgary. Review of results
and analysis was provided by the undersigned.
Based on the analysis of the laboratory results, all equipment is in good condition and suitable
for continued service. Once again, both the East and West transformers are showing elevated
Ethylene indicating higher temperature internal heating however, since there has been no
significant generation and all other dissolved gases and standard fluid quality tests are within
IEEE acceptable limits for in-service equipment, the units are of no immediate concern. Annual
sampling is highly recommended to monitor any further generation. The Sub 2 transformer is
filled with Natural Ester (FR3) – it appears there is elevated Ethane however, the limits indicated
are for mineral oil only. Natural ester generates Ethane under normal operation (test limit is
400PPM) therefore the current value is within acceptable limits. In addition, the interfacial
tension appears low however, the test limit is 18 for Natural ester. As such all values meet the
recommended test limits for natural ester. The OCB is showing all dissolved gases and tested
fluid quality properties to be within acceptable limits. All equipment is classified as category
Type 1. Equipment in this category shows acceptable test results, with some showing minor
elevated gas levels. Close observation of dissolved gases in the oil, along with the fluid quality
properties, provides the most valuable information about your equipment health. All units are
recommended for annual resampling with electrical tests performed at 2 year intervals. This
testing schedule will allow us to maintain a comprehensive trend of all properties, and provide
accurate analysis on the condition and operational reliability of your equipment. Please see
Section 3.0 – Summary of Results and Deficiencies for a complete breakdown.
Via: email
fax
mail
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We trust this report meets with your approval and requirements. Should you need further
information or assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us. Thank you for retaining the
services of Magna IV Engineering. We look forward to being of service to you again in the future.
Yours Truly,
MAGNA IV ENGINEERING
Stephanie Parsons
Oil Analysis Project Manager
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INDEX
1.0. SCOPE OF WORK .......................................................................................................................... 5
2.0. SUMMARY OF TESTS ....................................................................................................................... 6
3.0. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND DEFICIENCIES ................................................................................ 8
4.0. TEST RESULTS ................................................................................................................................... 9
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1.0. SCOPE OF WORK
As per Magna IV Engineering’s standard practices for transformer oil sampling, our scope of work consisted of:
Providing Transformer Inspection
Recording Nameplate Data
Reading and resetting Gauges
Providing Inspection Report
Procurement of oil samples in accordance with ASTM D923 & D3613
- obtain one syringe for gas-in-oil analysis & moisture content
- obtain bottle sample for fluid quality tests
The Chemlab of Calgary performs all analytical tests, consisting of:
Gas Analysis (DGA) D-3612
Moisture Content D-1533B
Interfacial Tension D-971
Acid Number D-974
Color Number D-1500
Visual Examination D-1524
Dielectric Breakdown D1816 @ 1mm
The Chemlab is responsible for proper disposal of samples.
Analysis of Laboratory results by Magna IV Engineering. Tools utilized:
Duval Triangle
GA Key Gas Method
DGA Rogers Ratio Method
DGA Cellulose
DGA IEEE/ANSI
Specific History and Trending (Generation vs. Time)
Document, interpret and evaluate results, and recommend corrective or follow up
action.
Prepare traditional summary sheets and lifetime trending graphs.
Prepare report detailing findings, recommendations and corrective action as
required.
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2.0. SUMMARY OF TESTS
For your reference and confirmation of the specific tests performed and their analytical
value, we provide the following highlight information. All transformer tests were
performed as per the latest ASTM standards.
Specific tests performed include:
ASTM D1816 - Liquid Dielectric Test
The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is important as a measure of
the liquid’s ability to withstand electric stress without failure. It serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents, such as water, dirt, moisture, cellulosic fibers or
conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant
concentrations when low dielectric breakdown values are found by test. However, a
high dielectric breakdown voltage does not indicate that the concentrations of
contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large
enough to negatively affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when
tested by this method.
ASTM D971 - Interfacial Tension
This method has been shown by practice to give a reliable indication of the presence
of hydrophilic compounds. When certain contaminants such as soaps, paints
varnishes and oxidation products are present in the oil, the film strength of the oil is
weakened, thus requiring less force to rupture. For oils in service, a decreasing value
indicates the accumulation of contaminants and oxidation products, which may
attack the insulation and interfere with the cooling of transformer windings.
ASTM D1533 - Moisture Content
The electrical characteristics of an insulating liquid are deleteriously affected by its
water content. A high water content may make a dielectric liquid unsuitable for some
applications because a deterioration in properties such as dielectric breakdown
voltage may occur. This test is suitable for use in acceptance specifications, in control
of processing and in evaluating the condition of dielectric liquids in service.
ASTM D974 - Neutralization Number
The acid number of an oil is a measure of the amount of acidic materials present. As
oils age in service the acidity, and therefore the acid number, increases. A used oil
having a high acid number indicates the oil is either oxidized or contaminated with
materials such as varnish, paint or other foreign matter. This test serves as an indicator
of the potential of the oil to form sludge.
ASTM D1500 – Color Number
The color of a new oil is generally accepted as an index of the degree of
refinement. For oils in service, an increasing or high color number is an indication of
contamination, deterioration or both.
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ASTM D3612 - Dissolved Gas Analysis
Gas analysis is based upon the fact that both electrical insulating oil and cellulosic
insulation break down under abnormal thermal or electrical stress. The results of these
stresses are both volatile and non-volatile gases, known as fault gases. Gas analysis is
the technique that identifies fault gases, relates their quantity, generation rate and
relevant ratios to type and severity of fault.
Typical fault gases analyzed are:
Hydrogen H2
Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6
Ethylene C2H4
Acetylene C2H2
Carbon Monoxide CO
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Typical types of transformer problems that can be detected are:
thermal degradation
- low temperature
- high temperature (hot spot)
arcing
partial discharges
degradation of paper insulation
Increased frequency or periodic testing will significantly increase the value and
accuracy of fault gas analysis.
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3.0. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND DEFICIENCIES
Transformers typically can be broken down into the following categories:
Type 1 Transformers in this category show acceptable test results, with a few
transformers showing signs of minor non-serious overheating (re-test
recommended in one year). Variations of Type 1 transformers may exist
pending past records and age of units.
Type 2 This category covers any transformer showing test results where some concern
is evident (re-test recommended in six months).
Type 3 Transformers in this category show signs of serious fault gas concentrations or
very poor chemical properties (prompt re-tests or further investigations are
required).
Type 4 Mechanical deficiencies (corrective action to be taken as soon as possible or
as recommended).
Please refer to the test sheets (5 pages) for a detailed breakdown of results and
recommendations. Following is the Summary of Results and Deficiencies.
Transformer
Identification /
Serial Number
Year
Manufactured
Analysis
Type
Recommended
Retest Comments
East TX
293639
1967 1 1 Year
Slight elevation in Ethylene – higher
temperature internal heating – no
immediate concern. All other dissolved
gases and tested fluid properties within
acceptable limits. Annual sampling highly
recommended to monitor any further
generation. Check loading conditions and
cooling means. No major deficiencies
noted.
West TX
293638
1967 1 1 Year
Slight elevation in Ethylene – higher
temperature internal heating – no
immediate concern. All other dissolved
gases and tested fluid properties within
acceptable limits. Annual sampling highly
recommended to monitor any further
generation. Check loading conditions and
cooling means. No major deficiencies
noted.
Sub 2
1059001354
2010 1 1 Year
All dissolved gases and standard fluid quality
properties within acceptable limits for
Natural Ester Insulating fluid. Annual
sampling should be maintained. No major
deficiencies noted.
6OCB1
60503
1967 1 1 Year
All dissolved gases and standard fluid quality
properties within acceptable limits showing
no significant change. Annual sampling
should be maintained. No major
deficiencies noted.
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4.0. TEST RESULTS
Following is a copy of all individual test results. We recommend you review the results
and graphs at your convenience to better understand our analysis and the condition of
your equipment.
Each piece of equipment consists of the following 4 pages of documentation:
Page 1 Transformer nameplate, identification name, oil and gas results and any
notable comments and deficiencies.
Pages 2&3 Graphs for all generated gases and chemical analysis tests. This provides a
more visual idea of determining the trending of these gases. All limits are
based upon standards widely accepted throughout the industry.