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Library Tech Update
Marshall Breeding
Independent Consultant, Author,
Founder and Publisher, Library Technology
Guides
http://www.librarytechnology.org/
http://twitter.com/mbreeding
February 19, 2015 Future Tech Strategies for Libraries
Platforms and Discovery
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Library Technology Guides
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Library Technology Industry
Reports
2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation
2013: Rush to Innovate
2012: Agents of Change
2011: New Frontier
2010: New Models, Core Systems
2009: Investing in the Future
2008: Opportunity out of turmoil
2007: An industry redefined
2006: Reshuffling the deck
2005: Gradual evolution
2004: Migration down, innovation up
2003: The competition heats up
2002: Capturing the migrating customer
American Libraries Library Journal
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Library Systems Report 2014
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Evolution of Resource
Management
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Fragmented Resource
Management Integrated Library System for management of (mostly) print
Duplicative financial systems between library and university
Electronic Resource Management
E-Resource knowledge base and Link Resolver
A-Z e-journal lists and other finding aids
Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending)
Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm, DigiTool, etc.)
Separate systems for archival materials and special collections
Discovery-layer services for broader access to library collections
No effective integration services / interoperability among disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes
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Cycles of fragmentation >
unification
Early Phase: Modular automation
Integrated Library Systems
Proliferation of systems to manage electronic
resources and digital collections
Current unification phase: library services
platforms bring together print and electronic
resource management
Next phase? Bring archival and digital assets
under common management platform
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Integrated (for print) Library
System
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
TransactUser Vendor Policies
$$$
Funds
Cataloging Acquisitions Serials Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces:
Interfaces
Business
Logic
Data
Stores
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LMS / ERM: Fragmented Model
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
TransactUser Vendor Policies
$$$
Funds
CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces:
Application Programming Interfaces
`
License
Management
License
Terms
E-resource
Procurement
VendorsE-Journal
Titles
Protocols: CORE
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Common approach for ERM
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
TransactUser Vendor Policies
$$$
Funds
CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces:
Application Programming Interfaces
Budget License Terms
Titles / Holdings
Vendors
Access Details
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Ongoing gaps in Library
Technology Infrastructure
Almost no systematic automation support for
references and research services
Customer Relationship Management?
Resource sharing / Interlibrary loan
management
Archives and Special Collections
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Current Flagship Products
SirsiDynix Symphony BLUEcloud Suite
Sierra (Innovative Interfaces)
Polaris (Innovative Interfaces)
Virtua (Innovative Interfaces)
Library.Solution (The Library Corporation)
V-smart (Infor)
Apollo (Biblionix)
Evergreen (Open source)
Koha (Open Source)
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Resource Management Models
Category Integrated Library
System
Progressive
integrated library
System
Library Services
Platform
Resources managed Physical Print, electronic Electronic, Physical
Technology platform Server-based Server-based Multi-tenant SaaS
Knowledgebases None None e-holdings,
bibliographic
Patron interfaces Browser-based Browser-based Browser-based
Staff interfaces Graphical Desktop
(Java Swing,
Windows, Mac OS)
Browser-based Browser-based
Procurement models Purchase Purchase, license license
Hosting option Local install, ASP Local install, ASP Saas Only
Interoperability Batch transfer,
proprietary API
Batch transfer,
RESTful APIs,
APIs (mostly RESTful)
Products SirsiDynix Symphony,
Millennium, Polaris
Sierra, SirsiDynix
Symphony/BLUEcloud,
Polaris, Apollo
WorldShare
Management Services,
Alma, ProQuest Intota,
Sierra, Kuali OLE
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Comprehensive Resource Management
Simplify resource management through
platform consolidation
ILS + ERM + OpenURL Resolver + Digital
Asset management, etc. very inefficient model
Consolidation requires a flexible platform
capable of managing multiple type of library
materials, multiple metadata formats, with
appropriate workflows
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Library Services Platform
Library-specific software. Technical infrastructure to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services
Services Services-oriented architecture
Exposes Web services and other API’s
Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users
Platform General infrastructure for library automation
Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service
Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data
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Library Services Platforms –
Functional
Manages electronic and print formats of
materials
Replaces multiple incumbent products
Extensive Metadata Management
Multiple procurement workflows
Knowledgebases
Built-in collection analytics
Decision support for collection development
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Knowledge bases
Electronic Resource Management based on collective database of the body of e-content rather than library-by-library management
LSP extends knowledge base model to all resources
Make links or associations from local holdings to common bibliographic records WorldShare Management Services – based on
WorldCat Bibliographic records
Ex Libris Alma – includes Community Zone of shared records and resources
Intota: expanded knowledge base that includes MARC and other resources
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Support for BIBFRAME
New bibliographic framework based on mapping MARC concepts and data into linked data model
No direct support for BIBFRAME in either integrated library systems or library services platforms
Developers are involved in BIBFRAME initiative
Operational implementations will come once the model has stabilized
Current phase of experimental projects and prototypes
Applies differently to discovery versus resource management
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Library Services Platforms –
Technical
Beyond Client/Server Computing
Multi-tenant platforms
Web-based interfaces
Services-oriented architecture
Exposes APIs for extensibility and
interoperability
Interoperable
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Consolid
ate
d in
dex
Unified Presentation LayerSearch:
Digital
Coll
ProQue
st
EBSCO
…
JSTOR
Other
Resourc
es
New Library Management
Model
`
API Layer
Library
Services
Platform
Learning
Managemen
t
Enterprise
Resource
Planning
Stock
Managemen
t
Self-Check /
Automated
Return
Authenticati
on
Service
Smart Cad /
Payment
systems
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Cycle of adoption and
deployment
Beginning of a new cycle of transition that will last a decade
Development and beta phase complete
Now in mass deployment phase
Over the course of the next decade, academic libraries will replace their current legacy products with new platforms
Not just a change of technology but a substantial change in the ways that libraries manage their resources and deliver their services
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Development Timeline
http://librarytechnology.org/chron/libraryservicesplatforms.pl
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Library Services Platform
Installations
Production installations as of December
2014
Product Installation
s
Sales
Alma 150 370
WorldShare Management Services 270 340
Kuali OLE 2 10
Intota 0 21
Sierra 495 560
Total 917 1316
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The Evolution of Library
Resource Discovery
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Online Catalog
Books, Journals, and Media at the Title Level
Not in scope:
Articles
Book Chapters
Digital objects
Web site content
Etc.
Scope of Search
Search:
Search Results
ILS Data
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Demise of the local catalog
Many library services platforms do not include
the concept of an online catalog dedicated to
local physical inventory
Designed for discovery services as public-
facing interface
Implication: Discovery service must
incorporate detailed functionality for local
materials and related services
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Web-scale Index-based Discovery
Search:
Digital
Collections
Web Site
Content
Institutional
Repositorie
s
…
E-Journals
Reference
Sources
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting
and indexing
Co
nso
lida
ted
Ind
ex
ILS Data
Aggregated
Content
packages
Usage-
generated
Data
Customer
Profile
Open
Access
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Bento Box Discovery Model
Search:
Digital
Collections
Web Site
Content
Institutional
Repositorie
s
E-JournalsSearch Results
Pre-built harvesting
and indexing
Co
nso
lida
ted
Ind
ex
ILS Data
Aggregated
Content
packages
Open
AccessVuFind /
Blacklight
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Library Web Presence
Integrated Library
System
Library
Web site
Subject
GuidesArticle, Databases,
E-Book collections
Public Interfaces:
Presentation Layer
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Library Perspective
Strategic investments in subscriptions
Strategic investments in Discovery Solutions to provide access to their collections
Expect comprehensive representation of resources in discovery indexes Problem with access to resources not represented in
index
Encourage all publishers to participate and to lower thresholds of technical involvement and clarify the business rules associated with involvement
Need to be able to evaluate the coverage and performance of competing index-based discovery products
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Challenge for Relevancy
Technically feasible to index hundreds of
millions or billions of records through Lucene
or SOLR
Difficult to order records in ways that make
sense
Expectation that relevancy be neutral relative
to content source or publisher
Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for
any given query
Must rely on use-based and social factors to
improve relevancy rankings
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Socially-powered discovery
Leverage use data to increase effectiveness of
discovery
Usage data can identify important or popular
materials to inform relevancy engines
Identify related materials that may not
otherwise be uncovered through keyword
matching
Be careful to avoid introducing bias loops
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Management + Discovery?
Discovery and Management solutions will increasingly be implemented as matched sets Ex Libris: Primo / Alma
ProQuest: Summon / Intota
OCLC: WorldCat Discovery Service / WorldShare Platform
Except: Kuali OLE,
EBSCO Discovery Service: Works with any Resource management system
Both depend on an ecosystem of interrelated knowledge bases
API’s exposed to mix and match, but efficiencies and synergies are lost
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Discovery Strategy Options
Integrated suite: discovery and management
systems from the same provider
Open source discovery + Library Services
Platform
VuFind or Blacklight
Discovery layer + ERM with separate ILS for
print collection
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Fully Integrated Strategy
Library services Platform
Index-based discovery service
Integrated link resolution
Shared e-resource knowledgebase
Analytics available from back-end and
discovery perspective
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Split Management / Discovery
Strategy
Library Services Platform for management of print and electronic resources
Separate index-based discovery
Knowledge base probably provided through Library Services Platform
Link Resolution separate from Discovery: how to perform smart linking?
Export and sync resource records from management to discovery service
API look-ups for resource availability and status
Patron profile and services request split between discovery and resource management components
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Business issues
Preferred pricing for product suites
Simplified pathways of support
Implementation and ongoing maintenance of
integration layer components and processes
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Open source and Open Access
Open source development of platform services
Open source infrastructure components
Open APIs to expose platform services
Knowledge base components
Open access
Community maintained
Adequately resourced
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Open Systems
Achieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategies
Libraries need to do more with their data
Ability to improve customer experience and operational efficiencies
Demand for Interoperability
Open source – full access to internal program of the application
Open API’s – expose programmatic interfaces to data and functionality
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Open Source Automation
Systems
Koha
smaller public and academic libraries
Used for some consortia (SKLS)
Evergreen
Designed for Library Consortia
Kuali OLE
Designed for large research libraries
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Company and Product
Perspectives
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Library Services Platforms
Category WorldShare
Managemen
t Services
Alma Intota Sierra
Services
Platform
Kuali OLE
Responsible
Organization
OCLC. Ex Libris Serials
Solutions
Innovative
Interfaces,
Inc
Kuali Foundation
Key precepts Global
network-level
approach to
management
and discovery.
Consolidate
workflows,
unified
manageme
nt: print,
electronic,
digital;
Hybrid data
model
Knowledgeb
ase driven.
Pure multi-
tenant SaaS
Service-
oriented
architecture
Technology
uplift for
Millennium
ILS. More
open source
components,
consolidated
modules and
workflows
Manage library
resources in a
format agnostic
approach.
Integration into the
broader academic
enterprise
infrastructure
Software model Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Open Source
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Development Schedule
WorldShare
Management
Services
Alma Intota Sierra
Services
Platform
Kuali OLE
General
Release in
July 2011
~200 now in
production
First ARL
member in
production in
June 2014
329 libraries
have signed
for Alma.
Over 250 in
production
Libraries
expected to be
in production
by late 2015
early to late
2016
336 contracts
completed,
495libraries in
production
Version 1.0
released Dec 2013
Version 2.0
underway
Summer 2014
implementations at
University of
Chicago and
Lehigh University
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OCLC
Non-profit corporation based in Dublin Ohio
$203.5 million revenue 2011/12 fiscal year
Owned and Governed by membership: Board of Trustees, Global and Regional Councils
Pending lawsuit between SkyRiver / Innovative vs OCLC (in limbo since April 2011)
Annual Reports available:
http://www.oclc.org/news/publications/annualreports/2012/2012.pdf
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OCLC Product Strategy
Leverage WorldCat to power both discovery
and management
Leverage values of broad-based resource
sharing
Leverage concept of global library community
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WorldShare Platform
Basis of new suite of management tools for
libraries
WorldShare Management Services: displaces
basic ILS
WorldShare License Manager: Displaces ERM
WorldShare Metadata Management:
Initial offering involves e-book sets
WorldShare Interlibrary Loan
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WorldShare implementations by
Size
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WorldShare Management Services
by Type
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Ex Libris
Positioned to be the largest company in the
industry
Formidable competition for Academic Libraries
Global marketing strength
Europe, Asia, North America
Latin American distributor
Longstanding business strategy based on
research and development
170 personnel in development out of 512
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Ex Libris Product Strategy
Legacy ILS remain viable and profitable
Aleph – Many national and large research library
installations
Voyager – Many national and academic research
Customer base seeing some erosion to competing
systems
Alma developed as replacement for Aleph,
Voyager and to attract new academic clients
Academic libraries running non-specialized ILS
targets for Alma
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Alma
Developed specifically for Academic Libraries
Replaces all other strategic infrastructure
systems
ILS + Link Resolver + Digital Asset Management
+ ERM
Paired with Primo and Primo Central
Over 120 institutions signed so far
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Community Catalog /
knowledgebases
Ex Libris has invested in the content resources needed to drive technology products
SFX Global Knowledgebase: Developed and maintained by Ex Libris See: Knowledge Base and Link Resolver Study
http://www.kb.se/dokument/Knowledgebase_linkresolver_study.pdf
A core component of Alma
Bibliographic database component: MARC records available from LC, Harvard, national libraries, Alma implementers.
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Eventual product consolidation
Alma for resource management
Eventual transition of Voyager and Aleph
Immediate transition of Verde
SFX
DigiTool for digital collections
Primo / Primo Central for Discovery
Rosetta for Preservation
Possible integration into Alma?
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Alma – Implementations by
Type
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Alma – Implementations by
Size
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Primo / Primo Central
Very specialized discovery tool for academic
libraries
Local installation or hosted
Libraries load and index local content through
customizable pipes
Customized display and indexing policies
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Primo Central Index
Hosted index of library content resources
Articles, book chapters, e-book collections,
specialized research products
Ex Libris established strong publisher relations
going back to OpenURL
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Innovative Interfaces
Continuity of history and product development
Sierra: New Library Services Platform +
mature functionality
Encore: Discovery interface
Synergy: Federated search approach to article
content
EDS Integration: upcoming index-based
discovery
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Sierra implementations by Type
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Sierra implementations by Size
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Sierra selections by Year
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Kuali OLE
Enterprise level library services platform
Financial and in-kind contributions from
investing institutions
Matched by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
Major academic libraries in the US involved as
original investing partners
UK: Senate House Library + Bloomsbury
Colleges now committed in principal
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ProQuest
Focus on Academic Libraries
Summon: first Web-scale Discovery Service
Intota: Planned Library Services Platform
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ProQuest Strategies
Focus on multi-tenant software as a service
Knowledge-base driven products
KnowledgeWorks: drives 360 Core, 360 Resource
Manger, 360 Link
Expanded KB will drive Intota
Summon+ 360 Products will drive Intota sales
to displace legacy ILS
Intota functionality: less complex approach
than ILS model
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Intota Development Timeline
Jun 24, 2014
ProQuest releases foundation version of
Intota, providing management of electronic
resources.
Nov 21, 2013Initial version of Intota Assessment
launched by ProQuest.
Jun 22, 2011
Serials Solutions announces strategy to
build Web-Scale management solution,
later branded as Intota.
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Intota Components
Summon (no patron account)
Intota Analytics
360 Link
360 Resource Manager > Intota ERM
ProQuest Flow: provides user account
capability
Intota v2 – includes print resource
management
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Evergreen
Popular system for state funded initiatives
Georgia Pines
Virginia Evergreen
Indiana Evergreen
Pennsylvania Integrated Library System:
SPARKS
Massachusetts: CW/MARS, Bibliomation,
Merimack
British Columbia SITKA
North Carolina Cardinal
Vermont: new Catamount project
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Evergreen implementations by
Type
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Koha
Traditional ILS developed in Open Source
model
Perl / MySQL / Linux
Problems with scaleability
Apache SOLR, Plack added recently
New US contracts going mostly to smaller
public and academics
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Koha
Traditional ILS developed in Open Source
model
Perl / MySQL / Linux
Problems with scaleability
Apache SOLR, Plack added recently
New US contracts going mostly to smaller
public and academics
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Questions and Discussion