2014 Weed Control and Growth Regulation Strategies- Dow AgroSciences

Danny Leckie Florida IVM and R&P Specialist

WEED CONTROL AND GROWTH REGULATION STRATEGIES

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Consistent Herbicide Program Vs. Mow Only

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Dow AgroSciences Product of Interest

• Milestone®

• Opensight®

• Capstone®

• Garlon® 3A

• Accord® XRT II

• Pathfinder® II

• Garlon® 4 Ultra

• DMA 4 IVM – 2,4-D

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Milestone® Specialty Herbicide

• Active ingredient: aminopyralid

• Control of broadleaf weed species, control of legume brush species, activity on most brush species

• Foliage and Soil Active product with long residual

• Selective to most warm and cool season grasses

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Milestone® Specialty Herbicide

• EPA registered Reduced Risk Herbicide

• No Grazing restrictions

• Low use rate

• Excellent environmental profile

• Essentially non-volatile

• May be used up to the water’s edge

• Low worker exposure profile

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Milestone® Specialty Herbicide

• Milestone GROWS GRASS

• No damage or stress to the turf

• Grass greens up fast and grows

• A healthy growing turf reduces weeds

• If you are using growth regulators to reduce turf growth, seedheads, and mowing, you need good weed control

• Grass tolerance

• If you make a mistake and apply at twice the rate, you will still have green grass (and better than needed weed control)

• Some products can damage your turf if applied at twice the rate

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Opensight® Specialty Herbicide

• Easy-dissolving granule formulation of Milestone® specialty herbicide (aminopyralid) and metsulfuron methyl.

• Controls of over 170 tough noxious and invasive weeds and brush problems

• Bahia and fescue seedhead suppression or stunting

• Provides season-long control

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Capstone® Specialty Herbicide

• Mixture of Milestone and Garlon 3A

• Makes Garlon 3A more effective on brush and tough weeds

• Great on kudzu and vines

• Good on most brush species, vines, popcorn tree, willow, maple, boxelder, oak, titi, yaupon, waxmyrtle, gallberry, locust, blackberry, kudzu, wisteria

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Capstone® Specialty Herbicide

• Excellent for stump treatment of newly cut stumps

• Treat the cambium layer immediately after cutting

• Name will be changed sometime in the future

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Garlon® 3A Specialty Herbicide • Active Ingredient: triclopyr

• Broad-spectrum brush and broadleaf weed control

• Translocates to control entire plant – shoots and roots

• Non-volatile amine formulation

• Selective to warm- and cool-season right-of-way grasses including fescue, brome and native grass species

• Labeled for foliar applications

• Rainfast within two hours

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Garlon® 3A Specialty Herbicide

• Label allows for applications to emerged weeds and brush in standing water or on banks and shores of ponds or lakes found on rights-of-way or production forests (no restrictions on fishing, swimming or use by domestic livestock)

• Garlon 3A does not harm grass.

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Accord® XRT II Herbicide

• Active Ingredient: glyphosate • Most concentrated glyphosate

formulation with full surfactant. New DMA salt formulations. Stronger than Roundup and generic formulations

• Lower use rates, more treated acres per gallon

• Contains new surfactant technology resulting in fewer containers, less handling

• Broad-spectrum control • “Caution” signal word • May be sprayed up to the

water’s edge

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ACCORD® XRT II - 2 LBS 95% Visual Control on PINE

263 DAT

GLY STAR PLUS - 2 LBS 25% Visual Control on PINE

263 DAT

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Pathfinder® II Specialty Herbicide • Active Ingredient: triclopyr

• Ready-to-use herbicide for basal-bark and cut-stump use

• Same active ingredient as Garlon® herbicides

• Controls more than 80 woody plant species

• Ideal for low-profile, individual plant and dormant treatments

• Helena can also provide a Garlon 4 Ultra and oil pre-mix

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Pathfinder ® II Specialty Herbicide • No mixing required. 2.5 gallon

containers

• Diluent is derived from a naturally occurring, non-petroleum substance

• Low odor

• Individual plant treatments allow for use year-round

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Low Volume Basal

• Apply on Entire Circumference of Stem

• 12-18 in. Up Stem and Root Collar

• Stems up to 4 to 6 inch diameter

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Proper Application Technique

Diagram demonstrating proper application technique

Application from groundline to 18 inches above groundline.

Groundline

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Cut Stump Treatments

Options: > Pathfinder® II as a ready to use

(available in 2.5s) > 20-25% Garlon 4 Ultra + 75-80%

basal oil (available as a custom blend) • Add 1-3% Milestone for improved

control of root-suckering species and legumes

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Cut Stump Treatment Reminders

• Size doesn’t matter

• Oil based mix: Perform all year except when bark is wet

• Water based mix: Perform all year except during heavy sap flow

• Effective on virtually all woody stems and vines

• Reduces or eliminates re-sprouts and need for future maintenance

Water Based Treatment Oil Based Treatment

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DMA® 4 IVM Herbicide

• Active Ingredient: 2,4-D

• Water soluble amine

• Low volatile

• Broad leaf weed control, grass selective

• Can be mixed with Garlon 3A, MSMA, Accord

• May be used in wetlands, in water, creeks, ditches, etc.

• Great with Garlon 3A for around bridges and ditches for brush and weed control

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Stewardship of Herbicides

• Most herbicides cannot tell the difference between weeds and crops

• Keep herbicides away from sensitive crops

• Scout your roads, buffer crop areas or spray at the right time in the season to avoid conflicts

• A few small lapses can ruin a good spray program

• If you need some help getting started, ask

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Aminopyralid Stewardship

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Milestone® Under Trees

• Aminopyralid has limited activity on woody species, including trees, when applied to the soil under the canopy

• While it would be unlikely for broadcast applications of labeled rates to actually kill a mature tree there could be some leaf curling/cupping or other damage typical of growth regulator herbicides

• Milestone should NOT be used over-the-top of trees

• Milestone can be used ONLY as a directed spray under the canopy, or within the dripline, of certain trees; but not under legume trees/shrubs

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Milestone® Under Trees

• Cottonwood

• Yellow-poplar (may cause

transient leaf curling that will disappear)

• Ash

• Elm

• Junipers

• Oaks

• Black cherry

• Sweetgum

• Willow

• Maple

• Aspen

• Dogwood

• Southern yellow pine

• Eastern white pine

• Eastern Red Cedar

Milestone CAN BE USED as an under canopy soil application for the following trees:

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Milestone

Milestone January Application, May Picture

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Milestone: January Application, May picture

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Milestone

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Accord XRT II + Oust, Jan Application, May picture

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Accord XRT II + Oust

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Accord XRT II + Oust. January Applications

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Accord XRTII + Oust, January Application, Early February Picture

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Accord XRT II + Oust, January Application, April Picture

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Milestone VM + Plateau, February. April Picture

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Milestone + Plateau

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Year After Spraying

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Chemical Side Trim with Capstone (brush control)

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Dormant Stem

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Milestone On Kudzu

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Continuum™ Prescription Control & Container Management System • Provides straight product or contract mixes

• Easy-to-handle returnable, refillable containers mean

• Fewer jugs to deal with

• Mobile bulk units result in even fewer containers to handle

• Eliminates need for rinsing, storing or disposing of empty containers

• Just-in-time shipments

• Reduce inventory costs

• Make it easier to manage cash flow

• Minimize theft liability

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Continuum™ Prescription Control & Container Management System • Bar code tracking system maintains information on all returnable,

refillable containers

• Improve inventory tracking

• Re-using containers encourages sound environmental stewardship

• Less landfill waste

• Reduces liability for improper container disposal

• Closed-loop handling decreases chance of spills

• Less chance of accidental worker exposure to product

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County X • Operational roadside herbicide program early 1990’s • No roadside herbicide program ~1995-2005

> Six mechanical mowing cycles per year normal program • 2006 treated 1,735 acres with herbicides

> 7 oz/ac Milestone VM + 16 oz/ac Garlon 3A or 12 oz/ac Vista + 2 oz/ac Plateau applied June-July

> Three mechanical mowing cycles • 2007 treated 6,500 acres (entire county)

> 3.5 oz/ac Milestone VM + 16 oz/ac Garlon 3A or 12 oz/ac Vista + 2 oz/ac Plateau applied twice (April and October)

> Two mechanical mowing cycles

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• 2008 treated 6,500 acres (entire county) > 3.5 oz/ac Milestone VM + 16 oz/ac Garlon 3A + 2 oz/ac Plateau applied twice

(April and October) > Two mechanical mowing cycles

• 2009 treated 6,500 acres (entire county) > 3.5 oz/ac Milestone VM + 16 oz/ac Garlon 3A + 2 oz/ac Plateau applied twice

(April and October) > Two mechanical mowing cycles

• 2010/future goals: Hillsborough County has reached the goals seat in 2007 with the Roadside Vegetation Management program. Two mechanical mowing and two herbicide cycles. Develop herbicide program for Aquatic weed control in drainage areas.

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CHEMICAL MOWING COST TO TREAT ONE ACRE

• 3.5 oz. Milestone VM/acre = $7.00 • 2.0 oz. Plateau/acre = $2.00 • 16 oz. Garlon 3 A/acre = $9.76 • 3.0 oz. Kinetic/acre = $1.41 • Chemical cost to treat 1 acre = $20.17 • Chemical, Labor & Equipment cost to treat 1 acre = $33.00

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WHY HERBICIDE SPRAY PROGRAM?

• Mowing resources were not keeping up with citizen’s expectations

• Weather/climate – year long growing season • Safety concerns • Deteriorating road shoulders • Hillsborough County had a ROW spray program – transferred

to Mosquito Control • New and improved chemicals on the market

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Economic Analyses

• Meticulous record keeping and documentation • Hillsborough County manages 6,500 acres of roadside rights of

way. Mechanical mowing cost is $60.00 per acre. One mowing cycle costs $390,000. Six mowing cycles per year costs $2,340,000.

• One herbicide application/cycle (chemical mowing) costs $33.00 per acre and lasts up to six months before weed regrowth occurs. One chemical mowing round costs $214,500.

• Plan is to chemical mow twice a year (cost: $429,000) and mechanical mow twice a year (cost: $780,000). Annual cost savings of $1,131,000. Labor/machinery reallocation and intangible benefits not included.

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Advantages

• Significant cost savings versus mechanical mowing only

• Improved labor efficiency – reallocation • Improved turf quality and aesthetics • Reduced shoulder deterioration • Improved safety – less time on ROW, visibility • Reduced customer complaints

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DECISION WAS MADE! • Dedicated ROW Herbicide Spray Program was

needed • Transfer spray equipment to Vegetation Median

Maintenance Crew • Develop training program, processes and procedures • Inventory ROW/Develop schedules • Crawl – Walk – Run Theory

> Not in a hurry to do the wrong thing

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RHODINE ROAD BEFORE TREATMENT

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RESULTS & EVALUATION Rhodine Road

80 days after treatment

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Rhodine Road 106 days after treatment

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Rhodine Road 170 days after treatment

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PRODUCTION

• 1 Truck *ADP = 50 acres per day • 4 Trucks *ADP = 200 acres per day Total time to spray all units – 37 days (Versus 70-90 days to mow) *ADP = AVERAGE DAILY PRODUCTION

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Questions?

Danny Leckie (843) 513-3914

[email protected]

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