Marketed Collected Sendt for treatment 2012 139.640 76.206 75.370 2013 138.433 72.081 72.261 2014 153.141 71.282 77.609 Marketed Collected Send for treatment 2012 25.572 17.004 17.027 2013 26.639 19.009 18.213 2014 28.293 19.244 18.526 Danish Producer Responsibility System 2014
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Published by: DPA-System September 2015 Ninth Edition Web: www.dpa-system.dk DPA-System Vesterbrogade 6D, 4. DK-1780 Copenhagen V Tel: +45 3377 9191 e-mail: [email protected] Any reproduction and use of data must acknowledge the source. DPA-System 2015
1 Preface ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 General - this year’s statistics ...................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Background and purpose ............................................................................................................. 8
1.3 How to read the statistics ............................................................................................................ 8
1.4 Responsibility and validation of data ........................................................................................... 9
2 The two registers ..................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Producer register ........................................................................................................................ 11
Table 1: Number of registrations and changes made in the producer register ............................. 11
Table 2: Development in number of producers reporting zero quantities .................................... 11
2.2 Local authority register .............................................................................................................. 12
Table 3: Number of registered municipal collection sites .............................................................. 12
Table 4: Number of collection equipment at collection sites per type and year ........................... 12
I. WEEE ....................................................................................................................... 13
3 Producer data in WEEE register ................................................................................ 15 Table 5: Producers in WEEE register .............................................................................................. 15
Table 6: Producers per category and end-user .............................................................................. 15
4 Quantities in WEEE register ..................................................................................... 16 4.1 Quantities placed on the market ............................................................................................... 16
4.1.1 Definition of household and business equipment ............................................................. 16
4.1.2 Data quality ........................................................................................................................ 16
4.1.3 Quantities placed on the market on the increase .............................................................. 16
Table 7: Electrical equipment placed on the market per category in 2014 ................................... 17
Figure 1: Developments in quantities placed on the market per end-user ................................... 17
Figure 2: Developments in total quantities placed on the market per category 2007 - 2014 ....... 18
4.2.1 Data quality ........................................................................................................................ 19
4.2.2 Collected quantities on a decrease .................................................................................... 19
Table 8: Collected quantities of WEEE per category and collection route..................................... 20
Table 9: Difference between quantities placed on the market and quantities collected for households and businesses ............................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 4: Developments in difference between total placed on the market and total collected .. 21
Figure 5: Collected household equipment per collection route .................................................... 22
4.2.3 Municipal collection of WEEE ............................................................................................. 23
4 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
Figure 6: Total collected from municipal collection sites ............................................................... 23
Figure 7: Collected quantities in municipalities, total per fraction ................................................ 23
Figure 8: Collection rates in municipalities 2013-2014, per inhabitant ......................................... 24
Table 10: Municipality with highest and lowest collection in kilograms per inhabitant ............... 24
Table 11: Total collected quantities of WEEE per fraction and municipality ................................. 25
Table 12: Collected quantities of WEEE per fraction and municipality .......................................... 27
4.3.1 Collected quantities of WEEE compared with WEEE sent to treatment ............................ 31
Table 13: Collected quantities of WEEE compared with WEEE sent to treatment ........................ 32
Figure 9: Distribution between collected, sent to treatment and treatment form ....................... 32
Table 14: Geographic location of first treatment of WEEE ............................................................ 33
Figure 10: Total treated and geographic location 2007-2014 ........................................................ 33
Table 15: Treatment option for WEEE and rates of efficiency ....................................................... 34
Figure 11: Treatment efficiency in Denmark in 2014 and EU environmental targets ................... 34
II. BAT ......................................................................................................................... 35
5 Producer data in BAT Register .................................................................................. 37 Table 16: Producers in BAT Register .............................................................................................. 37
Table 17: Producers per category of batteries ............................................................................... 37
6 Quantities in BAT register ........................................................................................ 39 6.1 Quantities placed on the market ............................................................................................... 39
6.1.1 SKAT and portable batteries ............................................................................................... 39
Table 18: Quantities of batteries placed on the market in 2014, per substance group ................ 40
Figure 12: Developments in quantities placed on the market per type and substance group ...... 40
Table 22: Waste batteries sent to treatment in 2009 - 2014 per substance group ....................... 49
Table 23: Treatment of batteries and rate of efficiency in 2014 ................................................... 49
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Figure 17: Difference between placed on the market, collected and sent to treatment .............. 49
III. ELV .......................................................................................................................... 51
7 Producer data in ELV Register .................................................................................. 53 Table 24: Number of registered importers as per 29 July 2015 ..................................................... 53
Table 25: Number of importers distributed on categories ............................................................ 53
Table 26: Number of vehicles sold in 2012-2014 ........................................................................... 53
IV. EU Targets ............................................................................................................... 55
8 Compliance with EU Targets .................................................................................... 57 8.1 WEEE and EU targets .................................................................................................................. 57
Table 27: Collected WEEE and EU targets ...................................................................................... 57
Table 28: Recycled and recovered WEEE and EU targets .............................................................. 57
8.2 Future EU targets for WEEE ....................................................................................................... 57
Table 29: Future targets for collection of WEEE in 2016 and Denmark’s status in 2014 ............... 58
8.3 Batteries and EU targets ............................................................................................................ 59
Table 30: Collection of batteries and EU targets ............................................................................ 59
Table 31: Recycling of batteries and EU targets ............................................................................. 59
8.4 Future EU targets for batteries .................................................................................................. 59
Table 32: Collection targets for portable batteries 2016 and status in Denmark .......................... 59
9.2 Calculation of collection rate: .................................................................................................... 62
10 Appendix 2 .............................................................................................................. 63 10.1 Sharing keys and how they are used .......................................................................................... 63
Table 33: Sharing key for reporting of collected WEEE .................................................................. 63
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1 Preface 1.1 General - this year’s statistics It is seen again this year that the statistics show a significant difference between quantities placed on the market and collected quantities. In other words, quantities of WEEE that do not appear in the official statistics or in the material flows continue to increase, while the collection rate decreases; these developments must be addressed if the statutory objectives, including the requirement for a gradual increase in the collection rate, are to be attained in the future. After some years with a decrease in quantities of WEEE and portable batteries collected in the municipalities we see now a minor improvement of collected quantities. This improvement does not spill over on the collection rate1, since quantities placed on the market show a similar increase. For the first time in years the increase in reported quantities of electronic equipment placed on the market for professional use has thus stopped the decreasing trend seen hitherto. This may be due to the fact that equipment intended for commercial use is now also subject to a statutory requirement for quality assurance conducted by an auditor or the management. There are large differences in the quantities collected per inhabitant in the municipalities; this year’s statistics show a ”Top 10” and a ”Bottom 10” of municipalities with the highest and lowest quantity of WEEE and batteries collected per inhabitant in 2014.
1The collection rate is a statutory unit of measurement used to monitor whether the regulation has the desired effect. The collection rate for WEEE and BAT is calculated from the total weight of end-of-life products collected, expressed as a proportion of the weight of electrical and electronic equipment and batteries placed on the market in the country in question. The concrete calculation methods can be found in Appendix 1.
Waste electronics volumes: • In 2014, approximately 71,000 tonnes of WEEE was collected in Denmark, corresponding to
230,000 wire cages that it would take 7,100 trucks to haul. If these cages filled with WEEE were placed next to each other, they would take up around 62 soccer fields.
• In 2014 the difference between quantities sold and quantities collected as waste amounts to
more than 48,000 tonnes. Converted to trucks, approximately 4,800 truckloads of WEEE do not appear in the official statistics.
• For the past four years, the quantity of WEEE collected in the municipalities has decreased by
15% or 12,000 tonnes – corresponding to around 1,200 truckloads of WEEE.
8 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
1.2 Background and purpose Every year DPA-System prepares ”WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics”. The statistics present those data that producers/importers and local authorities report in connection with the producer responsibility scheme for waste electrical and electronic equipment, batteries and accumulators, and imported passenger and light goods vehicles. These are the ninth statistics. The statistics are made available for the players involved in the environment and resource policy on producer responsibility, including the Danish market for collection and utilisation of resources contained in end-of-life electrical equipment, batteries and vehicles. The players are mainly producers and importers of these products, recycling facilities and waste carriers, local authorities and collective schemes. Other stakeholders are research and development institutions, the media and similar players in other EU Member States. Data in these statistics are not available from other sources, so the statistics are a tool for the players to get a transparent view of the market for secondary raw materials. Denmark and other EU Member States report these data to the EU Commission who monitors compliance with the objectives for collection, recovery and recycling of the materials and substances contained in end-of-life equipment. These data are available from the Eurostat website with some years’ delay.
1.3 How to read the statistics These statistics consist of four parts preceded by a section explaining the data registers in general:
• Part one covers data on electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). • Part two covers data on batteries and accumulators (BAT). • Part three covers data on passenger and light goods vehicles (ELV). • Part four is an outline of Denmark’s compliance with European targets for collection and treatment
of both WEEE and BAT. In addition to data on quantities brought on the market, collected and treated, parts one and two contain a section describing data on collected quantities and collection sites per municipality in total and per capita. The section on ELV shows the number of registered importers and number of vehicles sold in 2014. Legal references and an explanation for the calculation methods and use of sharing keys are found in Appendices 1 and 2 at the end of the publication.
The following colour codes are used for the different fields: ○ Blue: Concerns all fields or municipalities ○ Green: Only concerns WEEE ○ Red: Only concerns BAT ○ Yellow: Only concerns ELV Remark that table and figure numbering is consecutive, while notes are numbered for each section.
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In these statistics producers and importers of electronics and batteries are in general referred to as ’producers’, since the same rules apply to both groups. For vehicles, however, only the term ‘producers’ is used, since there is no manufacture of vehicles in Denmark. The statistics contain data for the calendar year 2014 and previous years. Data derive from the annual reporting made by registered producers to the producer register as well as local authorities’ registration of collection sites and collection equipment in 2014. For vehicles the statistics for 2014 only contain an outline of the number of registered car importers and the number of vehicles sold; these are the data received in DPA-System. As for the number of end-of-life vehicles, reference is made to the website of the ELV Recycling Scheme: www.bilordning.dk. When possible, 2014 figures are compared with figures for the previous years. It should be noted that data from previous years in some instances have been adjusted from what was presented in previous WEEE Statistics. This adjustment has been made, since after the publication of previous WEEE Statistics new figures have been reported by the producers; Producers must report retrospectively in case of errors or omissions. Changes are made by both individual producers and collective schemes.
1.4 Responsibility and validation of data Below, issues affecting data quality in the WEEE, BAT, and ELV fields and again this year influencing the 2014 statistics are described. In addition, a detailed explanation for concepts and specific issues is given in the introduction to each main chapter. The producer register and the register of municipal collection sites were established in 2006. Since the establishment DPA-System has strived to secure the data quality of the registers, both relating to master data for producers and importers and for municipal collection sites. This is due to the fact that the quality depends on the willingness and capability of actors to update master data and report correct quantitative data. Thereby, the quality of data depends on a quality control that can only be assumed by the relevant supervisory authority. Here, the supervisory authority is the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. DPA-System uses data reported to the registers for the following main purposes:
• Reporting to the Minister for the Environment and Food and the EU Commission • Publication of those registered producers and importers who can legally place electronics, batteries
and vehicles on the Danish market, because they comply with their producer responsibility • Allocation of share of WEEE and portable batteries for collection in the municipalities • Provision of financial guarantees • Contacts and information to all responsible parties: Producers, collective schemes, and local
authorities • Publication of annual statistics • Supply of data to the authorities’ monitoring of compliance with statutory objectives • Calculation of fees
Data submitted to DPA-System form the basis for activities carried out by many businesses and local authorities. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that data are correct. For this reason, DPA-system continuously implements measures to improve data quality in cooperation with all players. Below a number of these activities are described. Master data DPA-System has implemented a number of changes to the registration and reporting system. The registers are linked to the Central Business Register (CVR) to the effect that each producer, local authority, municipal
waste management company, or public utility will be entered with master data extracted from the CVR. During the calendar year DPA-System also carries out a number of runs comparing with the CVR to allow for identification of ceased companies or changes in addresses or CVR numbers. Master data not found in the CVR, primarily contact data, must be updated by the registering companies. DPA-System is continuously in contact with producers and municipal players to invite them to update such data more frequently. Notification of deadlines for reporting In order to attain as complete and correct reports as possible within the statutory deadlines DPA-System has established a notification concept informing by electronic media all relevant players continuously about deadlines and defective reports. Annual statement Each producer is responsible for the correctness of data. DPA-System has established an annual electronic statement of the entire report per producer. This service makes it easier for producers to control their own data whether these data have been reported by one or more collective schemes or by the producer himself. Thereby, a good basis has been established for the correctness of producer reports. Contact to producer regarding major deviations In connection with the data processing and analysis that DPA-System is conducting continuously, DPA-System has increasingly chosen a more direct follow-up approach towards producers to ensure that all data in the system are as valid and updated as possible. This means, among others, that DPA-System contacts the producer directly if reported data deviate substantially from previous years’ reports.
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2 The two registers Reports are made to two registers in DPA-System. One register is the producer register where producers register, report quantities on an annual basis etc. The other is a register in which local authorities report established or discontinued collection sites and order collection equipment. This section explains the general trends seen in the two registers.
2.1 Producer register TABLE 1: NUMBER OF REGISTRATIONS AND CHANGES MADE IN THE PRODUCER REGISTER
DPA- System Register outline1 Year 2013-2014 Year 2014-2015 Total number of producers and importers registered 1,576 1,650
Source: DPA-System 24-08-2015 Some producers report zero kilograms of equipment placed on the market in all their categories in connection with the annual reporting. Thus, at present 7% of producers is listed with no (0) quantities 1These registrations (CVR numbers) concern both WEEE, BAT and ELV producers. Collective and individual registration cannot be summed into a total, since a producer may be registered as both individual complier and as affiliated to one or more collective schemes depending on the category registered. 2Shows number of registrations made in the period January 2014-August 2014. Shows the number of registrations (CVR numbers) that have been deleted from the register in the period January 2014-August 2015 further to non-fulfilment of their duties of registration and/or because the company has withdrawn from the market. 3Shows how many of the deleted registrations (CVR numbers) have been re-entered. This means businesses that have been deleted due to non-fulfilment of their registration, but who have subsequently asked to be re-entered. 4Shows number of new registrations made in the period January 2014-August 2015. Some of these had been registered before and have re-entered the register.
12 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
placed on the market in all their categories. This is seen for individual compliers and for producers for which a collective scheme is in charge of reporting.
2.2 Local authority register It is a municipal obligation to establish collection schemes and collection sites for electrical and electronic waste generated by their citizens. This registration contains, among others, statement of contact persons and the needed collection equipment. There are 98 municipalities in Denmark. Each municipality has a number of collection sites that must be registered in DPA-System’s local authority database. Producers must pick up collected end-of-life equipment and batteries from these collection sites. Therefore, DPA-System makes this information available for those players that supply collection equipment and organise pickup from the collection sites. The local authorities must register and maintain data on municipal collection sites in the DPA-System local authority database. In addition, the local authorities must collect WEEE from their citizens and sort this WEEE into at least six WEEE fractions as well as portable batteries. In connection with the annual allocation on 1 June DPA-System invites the local authorities every year to update their data and needs for collection equipment. TABLE 3: NUMBER OF REGISTERED MUNICIPAL COLLECTION SITES
The number of collection sites has remained at a relatively stable level during the years, while the need for collection equipment is on a constant increase, despite the fact that collected quantities do not increase at a similar pace. TABLE 4: NUMBER OF COLLECTION EQUIPMENT AT COLLECTION SITES PER TYPE AND YEAR
5The following municipality has no collection site: Vallensbæk
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I. WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
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3 Producer data in WEEE register TABLE 5: PRODUCERS IN WEEE REGISTER
WEEE Register outline 2012 2013 2014 2015
Total number of active producers1 1,622 1,604 1,576 1,556 Registrations with business categories2 1,099 1,067 1,034 1,005 Registrations with household categories 721 754 726 733 Individual compliers3 611 605 602 609 Registrations by collective schemes 1,027 1,004 972 950 Elretur 918 896 864 842 ERP 32 34 34 35 LWF 40 38 38 41 RENE AG 39 39 38 35 ReturBat 3 3 3 3
Source: DPA-System 24-08-2015
TABLE 6: PRODUCERS PER CATEGORY AND END-USER
Number of WEEE registrations per category and end-user (2015)4
Businesses Households 1. Large household appliances 72 107 2. Small household appliances 82 259 3. IT and telecommunications equipment 242 201 4a. Consumer equipment 60 184 4b. Photovoltaic panels 4 5 5a) Luminaries 91 86 5b) Light sources 117 159 6. Electrical and electronic tools 184 116 7. Toys, leisure and sports equipment 24 161 8. Medical devices 163 26 9. Monitoring and control instruments 268 86 10. Automatic dispensers 33 3
1Shows total number of active registrations by unique CVR numbers. Active means the number of producers that were approved at the time of data extraction on 24-08-2015. 2Shows the share of total number of producers having at least one active household or business end-user. These figures cannot be summed up to total number of registered producers, since producers may be registered with several categories and end-users. See the definition of end-user on page 16. 3A producer may be registered as both individual complier and as affiliated to one or more collective schemes depending on the category registered. Individual compliers are predominantly producers with business end-users. 4The table shows number of registered enterprises per category. The sum of these figures does not express total number of registered enterprises. When producers register the product categories of their activities they must state whether the products are sold to end-users in private households and/or in businesses.
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4 Quantities in WEEE register 4.1 Quantities placed on the market Quantities placed on the Danish market are stated as the actual weight in kilograms for both electrical equipment and batteries. It should be noted that some collective schemes used to apply conversion factors and average weight for estimation of quantities placed on the market. With the amendment of the WEEE Order, which came into effect in 2010, it was clarified that it is no longer allowed to use conversion factors and average weight; now the actual weight of the equipment should be stated. In this way data correctness for each individual company is improved. 4.1.1 Definition of household and business equipment Equipment for use by professionals and in private households is defined as follows: Equipment for households: Equipment specifically manufactured for use in private households, including equipment of the same type and volume as used in private and public institutions and businesses; for instance, an ordinary coffee machine. Equipment for professional use: Equipment specifically manufactured for use in private and public institutions and businesses. Electrical and electronic equipment which is not electrical and electronic equipment for use in households. 4.1.2 Data quality Hitherto, only reports of quantities of electrical equipment placed on the market for use in households had to be attested by an auditor or the management of the company cf. the WEEE Order. These data were thereby presumed to be of a higher quality than data for business equipment, which were not subject to this attestation requirement. In connection with the 2014 reports new rules have entered into force to the effect, among others, that also equipment placed on the market for professional use must be attested by either the company management or an external auditor. The auditors’ attestation has been implemented in an electronic reporting procedure on that part of the DPA-System website that has restricted access. 4.1.3 Quantities placed on the market on the increase For the first time in years, quantities placed on the market as reported to the register show an increase in the period 2013-2014. This increase is in particular seen for professional equipment; For example, quantities placed on the market in Category 3: IT and telecommunications equipment have more than doubled in twelve months. This increase is presumably partly due to the above legislative amendment from 2014 introducing a requirement for control and attestation of all electrical and electronic equipment placed on the market. For household equipment Category 5a: Luminaries shows a steep increase, while Category 5b: Light sources and Category 7: Toys, leisure and sports equipment contribute with a moderate increase.
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TABLE 7: ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT PLACED ON THE MARKET PER CATEGORY IN 20141
Year 2014 (tonnes) Households Businesses Total
1. Large household appliances 63,961 4,385 68,346 2. Small household appliances 12,840 558 13,398 3. IT and telecommunications equipment 13,560 16,146 29,706 4a. Consumer equipment 11,125 1,254 12,379 4b. Photovoltaic panels 67 186 253 5a Lighting equipment – Luminaries2 4,612 1,992 6,604 5b. Lighting equipment - Light sources 1,547 199 1,746 6. Electrical and electronic tools 6,003 2,711 8,714 7. Toys, leisure and sports equipment 3,427 71 3,498 8. Medical devices 134 2,811 2,945 9. Monitoring and control instruments 379 4,702 5,081 10. Automatic dispensers3 471 471 Total 117,655 35,486 153,141 DPA-System 24-08-2015
For the first time in years, quantities placed on the market show an increase in the period 2013-2014. The increase is clearly seen in quantities for professional use, where the increase is from 24,886 tonnes to 35,486 tonnes. FIGURE 1: DEVELOPMENTS IN QUANTITIES PLACED ON THE MARKET PER END-USER
1All figures are based on annual reports to DPA-System from producers and collective schemes. 2Category 5a: Luminaires used to only be covered for business end-users, but as from 2010 they are also covered for luminaires used in households. 3 Category 10: Automatic dispensers used to be called salgsautomater (vending machines) in Danish. As from January 2014 the term ”automatiske dispensere” will be used and the category will also cover household equipment.
FIGURE 2: DEVELOPMENTS IN TOTAL QUANTITIES PLACED ON THE MARKET PER CATEGORY 2007 - 20144
For total quantities placed on the market per category a very steep increase is seen in the period 2013-2014 for Category 3: IT and telecommunications equipment for professional use that has more than doubled from 7,280 to 16,146 tonnes, and 5a: Luminaires for households that has increased from 2,108 to 4,612 tonnes. These categories are marked with a red circle.
4 Due to the large differences ranging from 400 tonnes to 85,000 tonnes the ten categories are shown in two figures. The names of the categories can be seen on the previous page.
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4.2 Collected quantities Producers collect household WEEE from municipal collection sites in six fractions (see collected quantities per municipality in Tables 11 and 12). In addition, household WEEE is collected through collective scheme sites and through producers’ own collection. When producers/their collective schemes report quantities collected from municipalities a conversion is made from the six fractions to the ten product categories. The conversion from fraction to category for household WEEE follows the sharing key found in Appendix 2. 4.2.1 Data quality From Table 8 in the statistics it appears that relatively low volumes of business WEEE have been collected when the number of producers dealing in business WEEE is compared with the volumes collected from households. Possible explanations for these limited quantities may be: Some commercial businesses import electrical equipment for their own use. These businesses are not subject to producer responsibility in terms of registration and reporting to DPA-System. Quantities imported for one’s own use will therefore not be included in the statistics for quantities placed on the market.
Businesses disposing of WEEE have the right, but not the duty, to deliver this WEEE to producers of this equipment. If this WEEE is not delivered to the producer, but to a recycling facility, these volumes will not be included in DPA-System’s statistics of collected quantities. It is presupposed that instead these quantities are reported to the Danish Environmental Protection Agency’s Waste Data System. 4.2.2 Collected quantities on a decrease Again in 2014 data for collected quantities show a significant decrease in collected quantities of electrical equipment from households. WEEE from both households and businesses has a positive value. For this reason, some of these waste resources may bypass the official routes, and thereby also the statistics. In Denmark a large number of projects are surveying WEEE waste streams in order to find an explanation for the destiny of these missing quantities; the projects have been launched by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency in cooperation with the Confederation of Danish Industry and the Danish Chamber of Commerce under the partnership “Partnership for collection”.
20 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
TABLE 8: COLLECTED QUANTITIES OF WEEE PER CATEGORY AND COLLECTION ROUTE
Year 2014 (Tonnes)
WEEE collected from households WEEE collected from businesses
FIGURE 3: TOTAL COLLECTION PER TYPE OF COLLECTION ROUTE
The figure shows overall totals for eight years for municipal, collective schemes’ and producer’s own collection (corresponding to the lower total row in Table 9). It is seen that the predominant share of WEEE collected under the producer responsibility system is collected and managed in the municipal schemes.
The ‘remainder’ reflects the share of electronics that would have been collected, if the collection rate was 100% in each year. The larger this rate the lower is the collection rate, which is one of the statutory environmental measurement points. It is seen that this rate has increased from 28% to 41% in the period from 2011 to 2014 and that the collection rate is thus correspondingly lower.
FIGURE 4: DEVELOPMENTS IN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TOTAL PLACED ON THE MARKET AND TOTAL COLLECTED
The graphs show developments in total quantities placed on the market and collected over an eight-year period, covering equipment from both households and businesses. A clear decrease in collected quantities is seen from 2011 to 2014. The remainder stated in Table 10 is seen as the area between the two graphs.
FIGURE 5: COLLECTED HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT PER COLLECTION ROUTE
In the period 2011-2014 there has been a drastic decrease in the collection of electrical equipment from households in the municipal collection. The decrease in the municipal collection attains 15 % between 2011 and 2014. Producers’ collection in the form of collective schemes’ collection and producer’s own collection remains at the same level.
4.2.3 Municipal collection of WEEE The local authorities are in charge of collection, management and separation of the majority of WEEE from households. Producers and the collective schemes must report annually the quantities and fractions they have picked up from the municipal collection sites. In a number of cases agreements have been entered between two or more local authorities or between local authorities and collective schemes to the effect that municipal WEEE is collected from collection sites not located in the municipality where the collection took actually place. In some cases some municipalities will therefore appear with a higher volume collected than it was actually the case. Similarly, some municipalities will appear without any collected volumes or with very low volumes. FIGURE 6: TOTAL COLLECTED FROM MUNICIPAL COLLECTION SITES
FIGURE 7: COLLECTED QUANTITIES IN MUNICIPALITIES, TOTAL PER FRACTION
A steep decrease in collected quantities from municipal collection sites is seen, corresponding to 16% over two years. The decrease is seen in all fractions. The decrease is, however, largest in Fraction 3 (13 %) and in Fraction 4 (30 %).
Light colour indicates decreasing quantities The green maps show municipal collection per inhabitant in 2013 and 2014; the darkest colour indicates the highest quantity of kilograms per inhabitant. See also Table 10 on municipalities with the highest and lowest collected quantities in 2014.
The blue map shows differences in municipal collection from 2013 to 2014; the light colour indicates the highest difference with fewer kilograms per inhabitant and the dark colour indicates a deviation with more kilograms per inhabitant. On the next pages, collected quantities for all municipalities are shown per inhabitant, per fraction and total.
DPA-System 2015 25
TABLE 11: TOTAL COLLECTED QUANTITIES OF WEEE PER FRACTION AND MUNICIPALITY
Data on inhabitants for 2014 derive from extracts from Statistics Denmark July 2014. The number of collection sites is based on the municipalities’ registration of collection sites with DPA-System and on the collective schemes’ reporting of quantities collected from the collection sites. Municipalities without specified quantities of WEEE collected, may be due to the fact that WEEE is collected outside the municipality, or the municipality has not registered with a collection site for WEEE in the DPA-System register, or the collective scheme has not reported any quantities.
DPA-System 2015 31
4.3 Treated quantities A number of statutory requirements and objectives must be met for the treatment of waste equipment. After waste collection and delivery to a reprocessing facility a distinction is made between the following forms of treatment:
• Preparing for re-use: Introduced with a legislative amendment in 2014. Pending a definition of treatment criteria and is not fully representative in connection with the reporting of data for this year’s statistics.
• Recycling: The equipment/the products are subjected to a process to permit recycling of materials or substances.
• Recovery: Recycling + incineration = recovery. The equipment/the products are treated in a way to
permit recycling of materials or substances AND some of the equipment is incinerated in an energy recovery facility. (Recovery is only relevant for WEEE, since incineration is not an approved form of treatment for batteries).
• Residues: Residues after recycling and incineration disposed of onto land, in a water body or into
the air in the form of emissions, evaporation etc. Solid materials from the residual fraction will normally be landfilled at approved landfill facilities.
Reporting of treated quantities is done per category and treatment facility as follows:
• Name and address of facility • Number of kilograms per category delivered to the facility • Number of kilograms per category recycled at the facility (BAT + WEEE) • Number of kilograms per category recovered at the facility (only for WEEE) • Calculated rates of recycling and recovery
The calculated rate of efficiency for recycling (WEEE and BAT) and recovery (only for WEEE) is used to monitor compliance with the statutory requirements. 4.3.1 Collected quantities of WEEE compared with WEEE sent to treatment Statutory targets have been set up for both collected and treated volumes. See also the section on “EU targets”. Treated volumes appearing from the statistics are not necessarily identical with the volumes collected in the same period. Some collected volumes from one calendar year may not be treated until the subsequent calendar year. Correspondingly, WEEE or batteries collected in one calendar year may have been placed in a temporary storage and sent for treatment in the subsequent year. Light sources are subjected to the specific source of error that collected volumes will often be registered with too large a weight, since this fraction contains other wastes not covered by producer responsibility. This primarily concerns plastic and cardboard packaging, e.g. for fluorescent lamps. Often the package will be wet since enclosed collection equipment with no drainage possibility and which is located outdoors is used. This means that these incorrect fractions often make up a considerable weight compared with the weight of the light source. When the weight of treated volumes is computed it will be stated only for the light sources without the above incorrect fractions and liquids, which were part of the collected volumes. This means that there will be a ”systematic” deviation between collected and treated volumes. The collective scheme of Lyskildebranchens WEEE Forening (LWF) has estimated that the incorrect fractions and liquids together make up around 5% of the weight of the collected volumes.
32 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
TABLE 13: COLLECTED QUANTITIES OF WEEE COMPARED WITH WEEE SENT TO TREATMENT
Year 2014 (Tonnes) Collected quantities Sent to treatment Treated share Tonnes Tonnes Treated % 1. Large household appliances 32,733 32,725 100 2. Small household appliances 5,406 5,407 100 3. IT and telecommunications equipment 11,589 11,878 102 4a. Consumer equipment 17,194 17,216 100 4b. Photovoltaic panels 1 0 0 5a. Lighting equipment – Luminaires 885 986 111 5b. Lighting equipment - Light sources 776 423 55 6. Electrical and electronic tools 2,056 2,054 100 7. Toys, leisure and sports equipment 536 600 112 8. Medical devices 38 2,122 5,584 9. Monitoring and control instruments 169 2,070 5,584 10. Automatic dispensers 1 2,143 214,300 Total 71,384 77,609 Source: DPA-System 21-08-2015
In 2014 the reported quantities collected compared with quantities sent to treatment show a mismatch that may be due to incorrect reports; this is especially the case in categories 8, 9, and 10. FIGURE 9: DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN COLLECTED, SENT TO TREATMENT AND TREATMENT FORM
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
35.000
1. Large household 2. Small household 3. IT- and tele 4a. Consumer equip.
Indsamling og behandling pr. kategori ( kat.1-4 og kat. 5-10)
Indsamlet 2014 Sendt til behandling 2014 Genanvendt 2014 Forbrændt 2014 Rest 2014
DPA-System 2015 33
TABLE 14: GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF FIRST TREATMENT OF WEEE
Year 2014 (Tonnes) Treatment, Denmark
Treatment, EU not Denmark
Treatment outside EU
1. Large household appliances 31,369 1,356 - 2. Small household appliances 3,035 2,372 - 3. IT and telecommunications equipment 6,623 5,270 - 4a. Consumer equipment 9,427 7,789 - 4b. Photovoltaic panels - - - 5a. Luminaires 437 549 - 5b. Light sources 185 238 - 6. Electrical and electronic tools 1,157 898 - 7. Toys, leisure and sports equipment 306 294 - 8. Medical devices 830 1,331 - 9. Monitoring and control instruments 932 1,331 - 10. Automatic dispensers 812 1,331 - Total 55,113 22,759 -
Source: DPA-System 24-08-2015 Table 14 shows where the collected WEEE is treated. There are various treatment operations, from pre-sorting to crushing and shredding into a number of coarse fractions, such as plastics and metal, to melting of various metals. Where it is stated that the treatment takes place in Denmark this means that the first part of the treatment is done in a Danish facility, i.e. typically shredding into a number of fractions that are then sold and exported for further processing and melting. Thus, the recovery of resources exclusively takes place abroad.
FIGURE 10: TOTAL TREATED AND GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION 2007-2014
It appears from Figure 10 that quantities subjected to the first treatment outside Denmark have increased from 2013 to 2014.
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Behandlet uden for EU 1 1.485 19 - - - - -Behandlet i EU ej Danmark 28.789 21.280 15.096 24.951 26.937 27.634 16.031 22.759Behandlet i Danmark 49.431 54.374 67.304 56.590 55.917 47.727 56.230 55.113
Treatment of Category 1: Large household appliances no longer complies with the EU target for recycling and recovery, whereas the other categories are all very close to 100% recycling and recovery. Reuse appears for the first time in the reports for 2014. In this first reporting year very small quantities have been registered as reused.
FIGURE 11: TREATMENT EFFICIENCY IN DENMARK IN 2014 AND EU ENVIRONMENTAL TARGETS
1From 2010 onwards treatment of WEEE is based on input to treatment plants and output from these plants distributed on recycling, incineration and remainder per plant. See on page 31 for further explanation regarding treatment forms. A summary of all environmental targets and Danish compliance is found in the section “Compliance with EU Targets”. 2 Treatment of Category 4b: Photovoltaic panels is not reported for this year’s statistics.
Tables 16 and 17 show developments within businesses registering for producer responsibility for batteries. For portable batteries it should be noted that companies registered in DPA-System do not necessarily reflect the registrations with SKAT (Danish Tax and Customs Administration), since the two bodies do not necessarily have the same procedures regarding deletion and cease of a business. 1Shows total number of active registrations by unique CVR numbers with at least one battery category. Active means the number of producers that were approved at the time of data extraction on 25-08-2015. 2 These producers are only registered for producer responsibility for batteries and do not have EEE or vehicles in their product mix. 3A producer may be registered as both individual complier and as affiliated to one or more collective schemes depending on the type of battery registered. Individual compliers are predominantly producers not dealing in portable batteries, but only in automotive or industrial batteries. 4Shows the number of producers within each of the three battery categories stating that they have marketed batteries in this category for the calendar year. A producer may be active in more than one category.
DPA-System 2015 39
6 Quantities in BAT register 6.1 Quantities placed on the market Producers and collective schemes report quantities of industrial batteries and automotive batteries placed on the market directly to DPA-System, while producers of portable batteries must report their sales to the Danish Tax and Customs Administration - SKAT. 6.1.1 SKAT and portable batteries An extra payment has been introduced on portable batteries placed on the market in Denmark. This payment is to cover the costs incurred by the local authorities for the collection of waste batteries from citizens. The payment is levied by SKAT in line with other excise duties. This means that producers and importers must report volumes of portable batteries placed on the market to SKAT once a year and no later than 15 February after which SKAT transfers data on reported quantities to DPA-System. Quantities of portable batteries sold are reported to SKAT while the two other battery types are reported directly to DPA-System. Table 18 shows the distribution of quantities placed on the market. It appears that the volume of industrial batteries sold is the double of portable battery volumes; the volume of automotive batteries is the triple of that of portable batteries. Industrial batteries show the largest increase in quantities, while automotive batteries make up the largest quantity. The distribution of substance types for portable batteries shows a surprisingly large share of button cells. Button cells are normally very small batteries with a weight of 2-4 grams, so the number of button cells sold should be extremely large - corresponding to hundreds of millions - if this registration should be correct. In addition, there is an entry of portable batteries containing lead acid which is also surprising. This distribution calls for a more detailed scrutiny of registrations with SKAT. Lead acid is stated as the primary type of material for automotive and industrial batteries with a slight increase in “other” for industrial batteries (e.g. alkaline and lithium batteries). The figures also show a decrease in the quantity of portable batteries containing cadmium and lead.
40 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
TABLE 18: QUANTITIES OF BATTERIES PLACED ON THE MARKET IN 2014, PER SUBSTANCE GROUP
Year 2014 (Tonnes) Button cells Lead acid NiCd Others Total
FIGURE 12: DEVELOPMENTS IN QUANTITIES PLACED ON THE MARKET PER TYPE AND SUBSTANCE GROUP
Figure 12 shows developments from 2009 in batteries sold broken down on portable, automotive, and industrial batteries. Producers/importers state quantities sold broken down on substance types, and button cells are the only battery types that may contain mercury.
FIGURE 13: DEVELOPMENTS IN COLLECTION OF BATTERIES
For the first time in years we see in 2014 an increase in the collection of portable batteries and automotive batteries; by contrast, the collection of industrial batteries has decreased since 2013. With respect to the collection rate the improved collection of portable batteries is outweighed by a corresponding increase in quantities placed on the market. 1Producers collect portable batteries through municipal collection sites. In addition batteries are collected through collective scheme sites and through producers’ own collection. Note that the collected quantity per municipality and collected quantity stated in Table 19 under municipal collection are not entirely identical. This is presumably due to differences in data processing among producers, collective schemes and their operators.
Bærbare batterier Bil batterier Industri batterier
Indsamlede batterier 2009-2014 pr. batteritype (Ton)
42 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
FIGURE 14: DEVELOPMENTS IN TOTAL PLACED ON THE MARKET AND TOTAL COLLECTED PER TYPE OF BATTERY
Against the background of quantities placed on the market the collection rate is calculated. This rate is subject to an environmental target in the producer responsibility legislation. (See section on EU targets for the result for 2014, as well as calculation method in Appendix 1).
FIGURE 15: TOTAL QUANTITIES OF PORTABLE BATTERIES COLLECTED IN MUNICIPALITIES
Developments in collection of portable batteries from municipal collection sites appear from Figure 15. This statement is based on a summing-up of the quantities collected at the municipal collection sites all over Denmark. The figure shows that the collected quantities of portable batteries from the municipalities have increased after a decrease in the period 2011-2013. Figure 16 (next page) visualises developments from 2012 to 2014 and gives an outline of municipalities collecting the most and the least batteries, respectively. In the following tables 20 and 21 collection results for each municipality are shown.
0 0 0 0 0 0#REFERENCE! 0 0 0 0 0 0
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
Udvikling i bærbare batterier indsamlet i kommunerne 2009-2014 (ton)
44 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
FIGURE 16: MUNICIPAL COLLECTION OF PORTABLE BATTERIES IN 2012 AND 2013 (TONNES)
Top 10: Municipalities in 2014 Bottom 10: Municipalities in 2014 Residents Collected/cap/kg Residents Collected/cap/kg
Light colour indicates decreasing quantities The red maps show municipal collection per inhabitant in 2013 and 2014; the darkest colour indicates the highest quantity of kilograms per inhabitant. See also below table on municipalities with the highest and lowest collected quantities in 2014.
The blue map shows differences in municipal collection from 2013 to 2014; the light colour indicates the highest difference with fewer kilograms per inhabitant and the dark colour indicates a deviation with more kilograms per inhabitant. On the next pages, collected quantities for all municipalities are shown per inhabitant and total.
DPA-System 2015 45
TABLE 20: COLLECTION OF PORTABLE BATTERIES PER INHABITANT IN MUNICIPALITY AND TOTAL IN MUNICIPALITY
Portable batteries collected 2014 2014 Municipality Number of
DPA-System 25-08-2015 Note: Data on inhabitants derive from extracts from Statistics Denmark July 2014. The number of collection sites is based on the municipalities’ registration of collection sites with DPA-System from where producers pick up WEEE and batteries from households. For municipalities without specified quantities of batteries collected, batteries may be collected outside the municipality or the municipality has not registered collection sites for batteries in the DPA-System register. Note that the collected quantity per municipality and collected quantity stated under municipal collection in Table 19 are not identical. This is due to differences in the reporting between producers and their operators. Collected quantity per capita has been calculated by DPA-System, August 2015.
DPA-System 2015 49
6.3 Quantities treated TABLE 22: WASTE BATTERIES SENT TO TREATMENT IN 2009 - 2014 PER SUBSTANCE GROUP
FIGURE 17: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLACED ON THE MARKET, COLLECTED AND SENT TO TREATMENT
2Shows the relation between quantities of batteries distributed on substance group and sent to treatment since the implementation of producer responsibility for batteries in Denmark. The table cannot be compared with the quantity of collected batteries since these quantities are stated per battery type and not substance, which is only a requirement for the reporting of quantities placed on the market and treated. 3According to the Battery Order, 2011 was the first year in which reports were to be made of recycled quantities and attained rate of recycling which should be compared with the EU targets. In section 8.3the concrete compliance with EU targets for collection and recycling efficiency is shown.
Totalt markedsført, indsamlet og sendt til behandling 2009-2014 (ton)
DPA-System 2015 51
III. ELV End-of-life Vehicles (Passenger and light goods vehicles)
DPA-System 2015 53
7 Producer data in ELV Register ELV is short for End-of-Life Vehicles. As from 2013 DPA-System assumes the registration and reporting duty in connection with the producer responsibility for importers of passenger and light goods vehicles. The below tables show how many importers have registered and how they are organised. Table 26 shows the number (units) of cars that importers have registered as sold in 2012-2014. Registration and reporting is distributed on the categories: Passenger vehicles and light goods vehicles TABLE 24: NUMBER OF REGISTERED IMPORTERS AS PER 29 JULY 2015
ELV Register outline 2013 2014 2015 Total number of active importers 18 39 55
Number of importers only registered for vehicles (no batteries) 4 7 12 Individual compliers 18 18 34 Registrations by collective schemes 0 22 22
Source: DPA-System 24-08-2015 TABLE 25: NUMBER OF IMPORTERS DISTRIBUTED ON CATEGORIES
Number of ELV registrations per type 2013 2014 2015
The EU targets for the ELV field have not been included since DPA-System does not have data for collected and treated quantities to allow for a comparison with the EU targets for end-of-life vehicles. For the
-20.00040.00060.00080.000
100.000120.000140.000160.000180.000200.000
2012 2013 2014
Udvikling i markedsførte biler i stk. 2012-2014
Personbiler Varebiler
54 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
number of end-of-life vehicles reference is made to the website of the ELV Recycling Scheme: www.bilordning.dk.
DPA-System 2015 55
IV. EU Targets
DPA-System 2015 57
8 Compliance with EU Targets The EU WEEE and Battery Directives contain targets that Member States should meet within a given number of years. The requirements concern targets for collection and optimization of environmental treatment of waste products. Below are shown the specific EU targets compared with 2014 data. For WEEE targets are set for the collection of WEEE in kilograms per capita. The EU collection target is 4 kilograms of household WEEE per capita. Furthermore, targets have been set up for the rate of recycling and recovery of end-of-life equipment sent to treatment. For BAT there are targets for a certain rate of collection of portable batteries placed on the market at the end of their useful life. The EU collection target is at least 25% of quantities placed on the market in 2012. In Denmark the former national waste strategy 2009-2012 had a collection target of 45% in 2009-2012. This has now been replaced by the Danish Resource Strategy 2013-2018. (See future targets). Also, there are targets for rates of recycling of waste batteries.
8.1 WEEE and EU targets TABLE 27: COLLECTED WEEE AND EU TARGETS
Household equipment DK EU Targets EEE placed on the market in Denmark in 2014 153,144 tonnes 27.1 kg per cap. WEEE collected in Denmark in 2014 71,384 tonnes 12.6 kg per cap. 4 kg per cap. Number of inhabitants in Denmark: 5,627,145
Note: The collection rate in Denmark has decreased by 2.5 kilograms per capita in the period 2012- 2014. TABLE 28: RECYCLED AND RECOVERED WEEE AND EU TARGETS
Targets for environmental treatment 2014 Recycled % Recovered %
8.2 Future EU targets for WEEE On 24 July 2012 a revised WEEE Directive entered into force. New targets have been adopted for the EU Member States’ collection and treatment of waste from electrical and electronic equipment. Thus, from 2016 it is a requirement that Member States collect at least 45% of ALL electrical equipment placed on the
58 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
market at the end of its useful life. The previous target was 4 kilograms per capita and only for equipment for use in private households. The collection target will gradually increase up to 65% in the years up to 2019. Concerning treatment, recycling and recovery must increase by 5 % in the years 2015-2018. Below is illustrated to which extent Denmark will comply with the future EU targets if the present quantities for 2014 are used in the calculation. Note that the calculation method has been changed so that collection rates must be calculated on the basis of an average of the ‘previous’ three years’ quantities placed on the market. The calculation methods for WEEE and BAT are not the same; the year of the data (in this case 2014) is not included for WEEE, whereas it is included in the calculation of the average for batteries, see the calculation in Appendix 1. TABLE 29: FUTURE TARGETS FOR COLLECTION OF WEEE IN 2016 AND DENMARK’S STATUS IN 2014
Denmark’s collection rate Tonnes
EU targets 2016 (45% of average of 3
years’ quantities of WEEE placed on the
market) Total WEEE placed on the market (average of 2011, 2012 and 2013) 144,400 Total collected WEEE (2014) 72,081
50%
If calculated for 2014: Quantities placed on the market 153,144 If calculated for 2014: Collected quantities 71,384 47%
The rate of collection in Denmark has decreased from 65 % in 2011 to 50 % in 2014.
DPA-System 2015 59
8.3 Batteries and EU targets TABLE 30: COLLECTION OF BATTERIES AND EU TARGETS
Collection rate for batteries 2014 Tonnes DK Results EU Targets DK target1
Portable batteries placed on the market, average. 3,462 44.5 % 25% 45% Portable batteries collected 1,539
All batteries placed on the market, average. 28,282
68% 25% 45% All batteries collected 19,254 The EU Batteries Directive only has collection targets for portable batteries. The 2014 result is that the rate of collection for portable batteries is 44.5 %. Thereby, Denmark no longer complies with the national collection targets for 2012 for portable batteries. See the new collection targets below. The rates are calculated as collected in % of the average of three years’ quantities placed on the market including the year of the data, i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014. TABLE 31: RECYCLING OF BATTERIES AND EU TARGETS
Year 2014 (percent) Recycled
DK results 2014 % EU targets %
Button cells (mercury) 74 50
Lead acid 100 65
Nickel-Cadmium 83 75
Others 56 50
8.4 Future EU targets for batteries As from 26 September 2016 the Batteries Directive sets up a collection target for batteries of 45% compared with the 2012 target of 25%. Furthermore, in the new Resource strategy 2013-2018 Denmark has set a target of a collection rate of 55% in 2018. This means that at present Denmark cannot attain any of the future targets for portable batteries. TABLE 32: COLLECTION TARGETS FOR PORTABLE BATTERIES 2016 AND STATUS IN DENMARK
Collection targets per September 2016
DK results 2014 EU targets 2016
Portable batteries 44.5 % 45%
1Denmark has set up a target of collection of 45% in 2012, which was earlier than the requirements of the Batteries Directive. By September 2016 all Member States in the EU must attain a collection rate of 45%.
DPA-System 2015 61
9 Appendix 1 9.1 References to statutory documents WEEE: Producer responsibility for WEEE is regulated in the Environmental Protection Act and in the Danish Statutory Order on placing on the market of electrical and electronic equipment and management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (the WEEE Order) no. 130 of 6 February 2014. The rules are based on Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE Directive). The revised directive 2012/19/EU entered into force on 24 July 2012. BAT: Producer responsibility for waste batteries is regulated in the Environmental Protection Act and in the Danish Statutory Order on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators (the Battery Order) no. 1186 of 7 December 2009. The rules are based on Directive 2006/66/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 September 2006 on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators (Battery Directive). ELV: The producer responsibility for vehicles is regulated in the Danish Environmental Protection Act and the Statutory Order on management of waste in the form of motor vehicles and derived waste fractions (the End-of-life Vehicles Order) no. 1312 of 19 December 2012. The rules are based on Directive 2000/53/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 September 2000 on end-of life vehicles (ELV Directive).
62 WEEE, BAT, and ELV Statistics 2014
9.2 Calculation of collection rate: All WEEE Tonnes Portable batteries Tonnes Average of 3 years’ quantities placed on the market:
Average of 3 years’ quantities placed on the market:
Year 2011 143,787 Year 2012 3,691 Year 2012 141,972 Year 2013 3,132 Year 2013 139,066 Year 2014 3,562
3/ 424,825 3/ 10,385 Average 141,608
Average 3,462
Total collected 2014 71,384 Total collected 2014 1,539
Collection rate 50% Collection rate 44.5 %
DPA-System 2015 63
10 Appendix 2 10.1 Sharing keys and how they are used Sharing keys are needed since the WEEE Directive has ten categories of waste equipment whereas the Danish waste system sorts into six fractions in the WEEE field. Equipment in one of the ten categories belongs to one or more of the six fractions and similarly waste equipment in one of the six waste fractions may be referred to several categories.
On a regular basis, DPA-System conducts separation trials to adjust this key, in order that it reflects the actual distribution on types of equipment in the composite fractions.
TABLE 33: SHARING KEY FOR REPORTING OF COLLECTED WEEE1
5 b). Light sources 100% ○ Cat. 5b 1The above is a sharing key from fractions to category. The key is based on separation trials conducted by operators - this was last done in 2014/2015.