2014 Community Health Needs Assessment Service Planning Area 5 West Los Angeles, California Venice Family Clinic 604 Rose Avenue, Venice, CA 90291 General Administration Number: 310.392.8630 Patient and Provider Questions: 310.392.8636 General Fax Number: 310.392.6642 [email protected]Westside Family Health Center 1711 Ocean Park Boulevard, Santa Monica, CA 90405 General Administration Number: 310.450.4773 Clinic Number: 310.450.2191 General Fax Number: 310.450.0873 [email protected]The following report addresses the community health needs assessment requirements described in Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 USCS § 254b), the Authorizing Legislation of the Health Center Program, and its sections 330(k)(2) and Section 330(k)(3)(J). This report fulfills the requirements, which can be found in Section 13.
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2 Community Needs Assesment Overview ................................................................................................. 7
3 Identified Community Health Needs: Summary ...................................................................................... 7
3.1 Access to Health Care Addressing Care and Management of Chronic Health Conditions .............. 7
3.2 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ...................................................................................... 8
3.3 Mental Health Disorders .................................................................................................................. 8
3.4 Substance Abuse and Addiction ....................................................................................................... 8
4 Service Area ............................................................................................................................................. 8
4.1 Health Professional Shortage Areas in Service Area: Primary Care and Mental Health .............. 9
4.1 Summary of Population, Households and Families ....................................................................... 10
4.2 Health Care Facilities and Other Resources ................................................................................... 10
5 Summary of Demographics .................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Health Care Access and Utilization ............................................................................................... 13
5.1.1 Summary of Health Access and Utilization Indicators ........................................................... 14
7.1 Air Quality - Ozone ......................................................................................................................... 32
7.2 Air Quality - Particulate Matter 2.5 ...........................................................................................34-36
7.3 Low Income Population with Low Food Access ............................................................................. 36
7.4 Population with Low Food Access .................................................................................................. 37
7.5 SNAP-Authorized Food Store Access ............................................................................................. 38
8 Clinical Care ............................................................................................................................................ 39
8.1 Access to Primary Care ................................................................................................................... 39
8.1.1 Access to Primary Care, Rate (Per 100,000 Pop.) by Year, 2002 through 2011 ..................... 40
8.2 Cancer Screening - Mammogram .................................................................................................. 40
8.3 Cancer Screening - Pap Test ........................................................................................................... 41
8.4 Dental Care Utilization ................................................................................................................... 42
8.5 Facilities Designated as Health Professional Shortage Areas ........................................................ 43
8.6 Federally Qualified Health Centers ................................................................................................ 44
8.7 High Blood Pressure Management ................................................................................................ 45
8.9 Population Living in a Health Professional Shortage Area ............................................................. 47
9 Health Behaviors .................................................................................................................................... 49
10.5 HIV / AIDS ....................................................................................................................................... 62
10.8 Poor Dental Health ......................................................................................................................... 65
10.9 Population with Any Disability ....................................................................................................... 66
11 Community Consultation ................................................................................................................... 68
Community’s Top Health Issues ................................................................................................................. 68
11.1 Challenges in Providing Needed Health and Mental Health Services ............................................ 68
11.2 Access Barriers to Health Care and Mental Health Services .......................................................... 68
11.3 Limited Access to Specific Services ................................................................................................ 68
12 2013 UCLA Health System Data By Zip Code ..................................................................................... 69
12.1 Population ...................................................................................................................................... 69
12.1.1 Population (2013 and 2018) ................................................................................................... 69
12.3.1 Number of Deaths, Total, Males and Females, By Age Group (Three-Year Average 2010-2013)
109
12.4 Maternal and Infant Health ......................................................................................................... 111
12.4.1 Births (2009, 2010, 2011 and Three-Year Average) ............................................................. 111
12.4.2 Births by Mother’s Race/Ethnicity (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011)................................ 112
12.4.3 Percent Births by Mother’s Race/Ethnicity (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011) .................. 113
12.4.4 Births by Mother’s Age Group (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011) ..................................... 114
12.4.5 Percent Births by Mother’s Age Group (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011) ........................ 115
12.4.6 Births by Prenatal Care Access (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011) ..................................... 116
12.4.7 Births by Infant Birth Weight (Three-Year Average 2009 – 2011)........................................ 117
13 Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 USCS § 254b)....................................................... 118
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This community health needs assessment for Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center brings together a variety of demographic and health status information, derived from a number of sources including the UCLA Center for Health Research, the US Census Bureau, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and others. The following observations were made when compared to the last community needs assessment in 2010 for the service area located in western Los Angeles County and is bounded by Mulholland Drive on the north, La Cienega Blvd. on the east, Imperial Highway on the south and the Pacific Ocean on the west:
Heart disease moved up from number 3 to number 1 on the list of causes of premature mortality, followed by suicide and drug overdose.
Heart disease continued to be the leading cause of all deaths.
There was an increase in deaths caused by suicide, Alzheimer's disease and all cancers, notably lung cancer.
There was a decrease in deaths caused by diabetes.
There was a decrease in births by mothers younger than 20 years of age.
There was a decline in early (first-trimester) prenatal care from 87.3% to 77.9%.
There was an increase in the percentage of low and very low birthweight babies.
There was an increase in the percentage of teens who currently smoke tobacco.
There was an increase in the percentage of teens who engage in binge drinking. This assessment brings substantially more data than the 2010 assessment and tells us many more interesting things about the service area, including:
Our community consultation uncovered numerous challenges in the area of access, from enrolling for health insurance coverage to using that coverage to access care in one’s neighborhood.
Over half of all children attending the area’s public schools are eligible for a free or reduced price lunch.
Almost 14% of the area’s children aged 0-17 live in households with income below the Federal Poverty Level (FPL).
Nearly 10% of children under age 19 are uninsured in the area; a total of 17% of all community members are uninsured.
Thirty percent (30%) of adults were uninsured in 2013, as this assessment is of data from before the full implementation of the Affordable Care Act.
The rate per 100,000 of access to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) authorized food stores (53) is below both the overall Los Angeles County rate of 69 and the California rate of 64.
Among adults aged 18 and older, 34% report not having visited a dentist, dental hygienist or dental clinic within the past year.
Incidence of some cancers—cervical, colon and rectum—is higher in the service area than in California overall while breast, lung and prostate cancer is lower.
The incidence of chlamydia is higher in the service area than in California as a whole.
The service area prevalence of HIV/AIDS is higher than California’s as a whole.
7
2 COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESMENT OVERVIEW
This community health needs assessment brings together a variety of demographic and health
information, gathered from both primary and secondary data sources.
The first phase of the community health needs assessment involved collection and analysis of numerous
demographic and health status and data and information for the Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family
Health Center Service Area. The following types of data were analyzed: population, household and family
demographics; birth statistics, death statistics, designated Health Professional Shortage Areas, large-scale
household telephone surveys designed to measure health access, utilization of health services, and health
behaviors. Wherever possible, the service area health experience was benchmarked to Healthy People
2020 targets. In addition, to assist with providing context to the demographics, the Venice Family Clinic
and Westside Family Health Center Service Area is compared to Los Angeles County.
The second phase of the needs assessment focused on qualitative primary research. Representatives from
Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Center agreed that telephone interviews with representatives
from public and private partner agencies and nearby schools, as well as local government representatives
would be a cost effective approach to gain an understanding of important health issues and would offer
potential opportunities to collaborate with these organizations.
3 IDENTIFIED COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS: SUMMARY
The following are priority community health issues in Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health
Center service areas:
3.1 ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ADDRESSING CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC
HEALTH CONDITIONS
Healthy People 2020 targets were not met in regards to having medical insurance (persons under age 65),
usual source of ongoing care (all ages), experiencing delays in getting needed medical care (all ages), and
experiencing delays in getting prescription medications (all ages).
Heart disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, and asthma were identified – in the data and/or the community
consultation – as important chronic health conditions facing the population.
Different health care facilities and other medical resources (including hospitals, licensed community
clinics, and providers with specialized health expertise) are located in the service area. Variations in
government insurance products (for example, Medi-Cal and managed Medi-Cal) accepted by providers
and gaps in coordination of services among providers result in problems in the care and management of
chronic diseases for low income, underinsured, and uninsured persons.
8
3.2 HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION
Healthy People 2020 targets were not met in regards to adult cigarette smoking, seniors who received a
flu shot in the past year, and seniors ever diagnosed with high blood pressure. Leading causes of
preventable deaths in SPA 5 are coronary heart disease, suicide, drug overdose, liver disease, and breast
cancer, as measured by Years of Potential Life Lost before age 75 years.
Those participating in the community consultation identified needs for various health screenings,
including cardiovascular risk, diabetes, and HIV testing as well as physical activity programs for children,
teens, and adults.
3.3 MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS
Healthy People 2020 targets were limited in mental health (death rate due of suicide met the objective)
and data was not available for other targets.
Participants in the community consultation identified a variety of mental health disorders facing the
population they serve such as anxiety, depression, mood disorders, bipolar disorders, psychotic disorders,
schizophrenia, and suicide ideation among students. 11 – Page 3
Low-income, underinsured, and uninsured persons face many of the same challenges in accessing mental
health care related to payment for services and coordination of services between providers as those with
physical health conditions. In addition, further challenges exist surrounding the stigma of mental health
and weak linkages to the physical health system.
3.4 SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND ADDICTION
Healthy People 2020 targets were limited in substance abuse (death rate due of cirrhosis met the
objective) and data was not available for other targets.
4 SERVICE AREA
Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center management determined that the optimal service
area to employ is the Los Angeles County Department of Health West Service Planning Area (SPA) 5. The
reasons to use SPA 5 are multi-fold:
Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center could have a greater impact on the
community health needs of local, proximal residents versus a broader geography
Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center would not be redundant in addressing
community health needs with other area hospitals and health systems, which might be more likely
to occur in a broader geographic area with more acute care providers
Los Angeles County Department of Public Health and the California Health Interview Survey
(conducted by UCLA Center for Health Policy Research) provide health assessment data for SPA 5
that serve as another information resource in identifying needs and assessing improvement
9
Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center defined its service area for purposes of the 2013
Community Health Needs Assessment to include the following communities:
Brentwood
Century City
Culver City
Malibu
Marina del Rey
Mar Vista
Pacific Palisades
Palms
Playa del Rey
Playa Vista
Santa Monica
Venice
West Los Angeles
Westchester
Westwood
The service area population (in July 2013) is estimated at 656,728 persons. The population in the service
area is forecast to increase 3.6 percent in the next five years, to 680,116 persons. Growth projections for
households and families are estimated to increase 3.8 percent and 3.6 percent. The following table
summarizes the service area population, households, and families as well as the percent change projected
over a five-year period.
4.1 Health Professional Shortage Areas in Service Area: Primary Care and Mental
Health
The service area includes six Medical Service Study Areas (MSSA). In these MSSAs, there are four Primary
Care Health Professional Shortage Areas and one Mental Health Professional Shortage Area. Of note, the
MSSA that includes Mar Vista/Ocean Park/Santa Monica South/Venice is designated both a Primary Care
and Mental Health Professional Shortage Area.
Medical Service Study Area (MSSA)
Health Professional Shortage Area
Primary Care Mental Health
Santa Monica Central/Sawtelle/West Los Angeles
(78.2kkkkk)
!
Century City/Cheviot Hills/Rancho Park/West Los
Angeles/ Westwood (78.2w)
!
Culver City North/Palms (78.2y) !
Mar Vista/Ocean Park/Santa Monica South/Venice
(78.2z)
! !
Note: ! Indicates that Medical Service Study Area is a designated shortage area
Source: Office of Statewide Planning and Development, 2013
10
4.1 SUMMARY OF POPULATION, HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES
Description
Year Percent Change
2013 to 2018 2013 2018
Demographics
Population 656,728 680,116 3.6%
Households 297,248 308,464 3.8%
Families 140,876 145,965 3.6%
Source: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
To assist with providing context to the service area demographics, key statistics are compared to Los
Angeles County for 2013 in the following table. Of note, in comparison to Los Angeles County, the service
area has a higher proportion of:
Five-year growth in population, households and families
Persons age 25 to 34 years, 35 to 44 years, 55 to 64 years, 65 to 74 years, 75 to 84 years, and 85
years and older
Persons of non-Hispanic White race, some other race, and two or more races
Persons 5 years and older speaking English only, a European language, and other language at
home
Persons 25 years and older with Bachelor degree and Graduate or Professional degree
Persons 16 years and older employed in the labor force
Employed persons with white collar occupations
1-person and 2-person households
Households with no children under 18 years of age present
Households with incomes of $75,000 to $99,999; $100,000 to $149,999; $150,000 to $199,999;
and $200,000 and over
Renter occupied households
Families at or above the federal poverty level
4.2 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND OTHER RESOURCES
In the ZIP codes comprising the service area, there are six hospitals and eleven community clinic sites and
one mobile medical unit, as follows:
Hospitals
Providence Saint John’s Health Center
Santa Monica UCLA Medical Center & Orthopaedic Hospital
Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center | UCLA Health
Marina Del Rey Hospital
Kindred Hospital Los Angeles
Kaiser Permanente Medical Center
11
Community Health Centers
The Achievable Clinic
Venice Family Clinic: Common Ground
Venice Family Clinic: Milken Family Foundation Medical Building/Frederick R. Weisman Family
Center
Venice Family Clinic: Robert Levine Family Health Center
Venice Family Clinic: Simms/Mann Health and Wellness Center
Venice Family Clinic: Santa Monica High School
Venice Family Clinic: OPCC Annenberg Access Center
Venice Family Clinic: Irma Colen Health Center
Venice Family Clinic: Children First Early Head Start Inglewood
Venice Family Clinic: Sandy Segal Youth Health Center
Westside Family Health Center
Westside Family Health Center Mobile Medical Unit
5 SUMMARY OF DEMOGRAPHICS
Indicator Percent
Service Area LA County
5-Year Change (2013 to 2018)
Population 3.6% 3.0%
Households 3.8% 3.2%
Families 3.6% 3.0%
Age Group
0 to 4 Years 4.7% 6.6%
5 to 14 Years 8.7% 13.0%
15 to 20 Years 7.2% 8.7%
21 to 24 Years 6.0% 6.0%
25 to 34 Years 17.5% 14.9%
35 to 44 Years 15.1% 14.3%
45 to 54 Years 13.8% 13.9%
55 to 64 Years 12.2% 11.1%
65 to 74 Years 8.0% 6.5%
75 to 84 Years 4.4% 3.5%
85 Years and Older 2.5% 1.6%
12
Race/Ethnicity
White 61.4% 27.1%
Black 5.7% 8.0%
Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 13.0% 14.1%
Hispanic 15.6% 48.5%
American Indian or Alaskan Native 0.1% 0.2%
Some Other Race 0.4% 0.3%
Two or More Races 3.7% 1.9%
Language Spoken at Home by Persons 5 Years and Older
English Only 65.6% 42.9%
Spanish 13.0% 39.7%
Asian or Pacific Island Language 7.7% 10.9%
European language 11.5% 5.3%
Other language 2.2% 1.1%
Educational Attainment of Persons 25 Years and Older
Less than 9th Grade 3.7% 14.2%
Some High School, no Diploma 3.1% 10.0%
High School Graduate (or GED) 10.9% 20.4%
Some College, no Degree 17.1% 19.5%
Associate Degree 5.2% 6.7%
Bachelor Degree 34.2% 19.0%
Graduate or Professional Degree 25.9% 10.1%
Employment Status of Persons 16 Years and Older
In Armed Forces 0.1% 0.1%
In Labor Force, Employed 61.9% 57.8%
In Labor Force, Unemployed 6.2% 7.3%
Not in Labor Force 31.8% 34.8%
Occupation Type for Employed Labor Force
Blue Collar 5.6% 20.5%
White Collar 82.8% 60.7%
Service and Farming 11.6% 18.9%
13
Household Size
1-Person 38.5% 24.4%
2-Persons 33.3% 26.2%
3-Persons 13.4% 16.3%
4-Persons 9.4% 14.9%
5-Persons 3.5% 8.8%
6-Persons 1.2% 4.5%
7 or more Persons 0.7% 5.0%
Households by Presence of Children Under 18 Years of Age
No Children Under 18 Years Present 79.7% 62.5%
Children Under 18 Years Present 20.3% 37.5%
Household Income
Under $15,000 11.0% 12.9%
$15,000 to $34,999 14.7% 20.9%
$35,000 to $74,999 26.0% 30.9%
$75,000 to $99,999 11.8% 11.7%
$100,000 to $149,999 15.3% 12.7%
$150,000 to $199,999 7.9% 5.3%
$200,000 and over 13.4% 5.5%
Owner and Renter Occupied Housing Units
Owner Occupied 41.0% 47.5%
Renter Occupied 59.0% 52.5%
Families by Poverty Status
Below the Poverty Level 6.9% 13.5%
At or Above the Poverty Level 93.1% 86.5%
Source: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
5.1 HEALTH CARE ACCESS AND UTILIZATION
When comparing health access indicators in the SPA to Healthy People 2020 objectives, the SPA did not
meet the objectives related to: medical insurance among non-elderly persons (insured all or part of the
year), usual source of ongoing care, delays in getting medical care, and delays in getting prescription
medicines. The SPA experience compared to Healthy People 2020 national objectives is summarized in
the following table.
14
5.1.1 Summary of Health Access and Utilization Indicators
Indicator
Age
Group
Healthy People
2020 Objective
SPA
5
West Good Target
Rate
Rate Status
Health Access
Insured All or Part of
Year
0 to 64 ! 100% 90.2% -
Usual Source of Ongoing
Care All Ages ! 95.0% 87.2% -
Delays in Getting Medical
Care All Ages " 4.2% 16.4% -
Delays in Getting
Prescription Medicines All Ages " 2.8% 11.3% -
Cancer Screening
Mammogram in Past 2
Years Females 50 to 74 ! 81.1% 84.8% !
Colorectal Cancer
Screening
50 to 75 ! 70.5% 72.3% ! Notes:! Indicates that the Healthy People 2020 objective is to reduce; " indicates that the objective is to
increase
Source: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
5.2 MORTALITY
On average, there were 4,039 deaths a year in the service area. Heart disease and cancer were the two
leading causes of death in the service area, accounting for 53.5 percent of all deaths. Other leading causes
of death in the service area are summarized in the table below.
Cause of Death Number Percent
Diseases of the heart 1,107 27.4%
Coronary heart disease 868 21.5%
Cancer (All Sites) 1,054 26.1%
Lung cancer 219 5.4
% Colorectal cancer 98 2.4
% Breast cancer 94 2.3
% Prostate cancer 62 1.5
% Stroke 249 6.2
% Alzheimer's disease 210 5.2
% Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Diseases
184 4.6
% Pneumonia/Influenza 182 4.5
%
15
Cause of Death Number Percent
Unintentional Injuries (All Types) 121 3.0
% Motor Vehicle Crashes 32 0.8
% Diabetes 92 2.3
% Suicide 72 1.8
% Cirrhosis 46 1.1
% Homicide 15 0.4
% HIV Infection 11 0.3
% Unknown 20 0.5
% All Other 676 16.7%
All Causes 4,039 100.0%
Source: California Department of Public Health, 2013
5.2.1 Summary of Age-Adjusted Death Rates by Cause of Death
When comparing age-adjusted death rates in the service area to Healthy People 2020 objectives, the
service area met all of the established objectives. The service area experience compared to Healthy
People 2020 national objectives is summarized in the table below.
Cause of Death
Age
Group
Healthy
People 2020
Objective
Service Area
Good Target Rate Rate
Health Status
Coronary Heart Disease All " 100.8 98.7
Stroke All " 33.8 28.5
Cancer (All Sites) All " 160.6 128.8
Lung All " 45.5 27.0
Colorectal All " 14.5 11.9
Prostate All " 21.2 18.2
Female Breast All " 20.6 20.7
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases 45+ " 98.5 58.5
Diabetes-Related All " 65.8 43.8
Unintentional Injuries (All
Types)
All " 36.0 16.2
Motor Vehicle Accidents All " 12.4 4.5
Homicide All " 5.5 2.3
Suicide All " 10.2 9.6
Cirrhosis All " 8.2 5.7
HIV Infection All " 3.3 1.4
Rates are per 100,000 persons and are standardized to the 2000 U.S. Standard Million population. Source:
California Department of Public Health, 2013
16
6 SOCIAL & ECONOMIC FACTORS
Economic and social insecurity often are associated with poor health. Poverty, unemployment, and lack of educational achievement affect access to care and a community’s ability to engage in healthy behaviors. Without a network of support and a safe community, families cannot thrive. Ensuring access to social and economic resources provides a foundation for a healthy community.
6.1 CHILDREN ELIGIBLE FOR FREE/REDUCED PRICE LUNCH Within the report area 34,920 public school students or 56.25% are eligible for Free/Reduced Price lunch out of 62,128 total students enrolled. This indicator is
relevant because it assesses vulnerable populations which are more likely to have multiple health access, health status, and social support needs. Additionally, when
combined with poverty data, providers can use this measure to identify gaps in eligibility and enrollment.
Report Area Total Student Enrollment Number Free/Reduced
Price Lunch Eligible
Percent Free/Reduced
Price Lunch Eligible
Service Area 90,608 45,793 50.94%
Los Angeles County 1,585,802 927,172 58.47%
California 6,207,759 3,335,647 53.73%
United States 49,692,766 24,021,069 48.34%
Data Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NCES - Common Core of Data: 2013. Source geography: Address.
Students Eligible for Free or Reduced-Price Lunch by Location, NCES CCD 2012-13
Over 80.0%
60.1 - 80.0%
40.1 - 60.0%
20.1 - 40.0%
Under 20.1%
Not Reported
Report Area
18
6.2 CHILDREN IN POVERTY This indicator reports the percentage of children aged 0-17 living in households with income below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). This indicator is relevant
because poverty creates barriers to access including health services, healthy food, and other necessities that contribute to poor health status.
Report Area Total Population Population
Under Age 18
Population
Under Age 18 in
Poverty
Percent Population
Under Age 18 in
Poverty
Service Area 143,631 143,631 25,206 17.55%
Los Angeles County 9,684,503 2,368,143 574,480 24.26%
California 36,575,460 9,139,932 1,944,310 21.27%
United States 301,333,408 72,869,120 15,188,844 20.84%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012. Source geography: Tract.
Percent Population
Under Age 18 in
Poverty
Service Area (17.55%)
California (21.27%)
United States (20.84%)
Population Below the Poverty Level, Children (Age 0-17), Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13
This report indicates the number of households in the service area that receive public assistance income. This indicator is relevant because the percentage of families
receiving government assistance reflects poverty within the community and healthcare access issues.
Report Area Total Households Households with Public
Assistance Income
Percent Households with
Public Assistance Income
Service Area 351,789 9,763 2.12%
Los Angeles County 3,218,511 131,604 4.09%
California 12,466,331 476,879 3.83%
United States 115,226,800 3,132,921 2.72%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012.
Percent Households with Public
Assistance Income
Service Area (2.12%)
California (3.83%)
United States (2.72%)
Households with Public Assistance Income, Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13
Per Capita Income by Race/Ethnicity, Disparity Index
Report Area Disparity Index Score
(0 = No Disparity; 1 - 40 = Some Disparity; Over 40 = High Disparity)
Service Area 38.76
California 33.27
United States 29.24
6.4 LACK OF SOCIAL OR EMOTIONAL SUPPORT This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 18 and older who self-report that they receive insufficient social and emotional support all or most of the time.
This indicator is relevant because social and emotional support is critical for navigating the challenges of daily life as well as for good mental health. Social and
emotional support is also linked to educational achievement and economic stability.
Report Area Total Population Age
18
Estimated Population
Without Adequate
Social / Emotional
Support
Crude Percentage Age-Adjusted
Percentage
Service Area 658,261 186,946 28.4% 28.40%
California 27,665,678 6,805,757 24.60% 24.60%
United States 232,556,016 48,104,656 20.69% 20.68%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2012. Access via Health Indicators Warehouse
Inadequate Social/Emotional Support, Percent of Adults Age 18 by County, BRFSS
2006-12
Over 23.0%
19.1 - 23.0%
15.1 - 19.0%
Under 15.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.5 POPULATION IN POVERTY - 100% FPL Poverty is considered a key driver of health status. Within the report area 13.65% or 71,454 individuals are living in households with income below the Federal
Poverty Level (FPL). This indicator is relevant because poverty creates barriers to access including health services, healthy food, and other necessities that contribute
to poor health status.
Report Area Total Population Population in Poverty Percent Population in Poverty
Service Area 800,208 119,284 12.45%
Los Angeles County 9,684,503 1,658,231 17.12%
California 36,575,460 5,590,100 15.28%
United States 301,333,408 44,852,528 14.88%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012.
Population Below the Poverty Level, Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13
Over 20.0%
15.1 - 20.0%
10.1 - 15.0%
Under 10.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.6 POPULATION IN POVERTY - 200% FPL In the report area 29.60% or 154,911 individuals are living in households with income below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). This indicator is relevant
because poverty creates barriers to access including health services, healthy food, and other necessities that contribute to poor health status.
Report Area Total Population Population with Income at
or Below 200% FPL
Percent Population with
Income at or Below 200%
FPL
Service Area 800,208 245,610 30.69%
Los Angeles County 9,684,503 3,812,070 39.36%
California 36,575,460 12,828,389 35.07%
United States 301,333,408 101,133,072 33.56%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012.
Population Below 200% Poverty Level, Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13
Over 50.0%
38.1 - 50.0%
26.1 - 38.0%
Under 26.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.7 POPULATION RECEIVING MEDICAID This indicator reports the percentage of the population with insurance enrolled in Medicaid (or other means-tested public health insurance). This indicator is relevant because it assesses vulnerable populations which are more likely to have multiple health access, health status, and social support needs. When combined with poverty data, providers can use this measure to identify gaps in eligibility and enrollment.
Report Area Total Population
(For Whom Insurance
Status is Determined)
Population with
Any Health
Insurance
Population
Receiving Medicaid
Percent of Insured
Population
Receiving Medicaid
Service Area 818,837 692,182 99,628 14.39%
Los Angeles County 9,820,180 7,642,462 2,076,597 27.17%
California 37,130,876 30,529,356 7,146,678 23.41%
United States 306,448,480 260,878,816 52,714,280 20.21%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012.
Insured, Medicaid / Means-Tested Coverage, Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13
Over 25,0%
20.1 - 25.0%
15.1 - 20.0%
Under 15.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.8 POPULATION WITH ASSOCIATE'S LEVEL DEGREE OR HIGHER 56.90% of the population aged 25 and older, or 218,253 have obtained an Associate's level degree or higher. This indicator is relevant because educational
attainment has been linked to positive health outcomes.
Report Area Total Population Age 25
Population Age 25 with
Associate's Degree or
Higher
Percent Population Age
25 with Associate's
Degree or Higher
Service Area 383,567 218,253 56.90%
Los Angeles County 6,380,366 2,315,607 36.29%
California 24,117,316 9,206,064 38.17%
United States 204,336,016 73,941,024 36.19%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2012.
Population with an Associate Level Degree or Higher, Percent by Tract, ACS 2008-12
Over 32.0%
26.1 - 32.0%
20.1 - 26.0%
Under 20.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.9 POPULATION WITH NO HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA Within the report area there are 45,236 persons aged 25 and older without a high school diploma (or equivalency) or higher. This represents 11.79% of the total
population aged 25 and older. This indicator is relevant because educational attainment is linked to positive health outcomes.
Report Area Total Population Age 25 Population Age 25 with
No High School Diploma
Percent Population Age
25 with No High School
Diploma
Service Area 383,604 45,236 11.79%
Los Angeles County 6,380,366 1,508,273 23.64%
California 24,117,316 4,577,493 18.98%
United States 204,336,016 29,179,820 14.28%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2008-12.
Population with No High School Diploma, Percent by Tract, ACS 2008-12
Over 21.0%
16.1 - 21.0%
11.1 - 16.0%
Under 11.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.10 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Total unemployment in the report area was 26,961, or 9.40% of the civilian non-institutionalized population age 16 and older (non-seasonally adjusted). This
indicator is relevant because unemployment creates financial instability and barriers to access including insurance coverage, health services, healthy food, and other
necessities that contribute to poor health status.
Report Area Labor Force Number Employed Number Unemployed Unemployment Rate
Service Area 285,547 258,586 26,961 9.40
California 18,520,080 16,909,977 1,610,103 8.70
United States 155,914,291 144,746,907 11,167,384 7.20
Note: This indicator is compared with the state average.Data Source: US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: 2014 - April. Source
United States 5.60 5.20 4.70 4.70 5.80 9.30 9.70 9 8.10 7.40
29
6.11 UNINSURED POPULATION - ADULTS The lack of health insurance is considered a key driver of health status. This indicator reports the percentage of adults age 18 to 64 without health insurance coverage. This indicator is relevant because lack of insurance is a primary barrier to healthcare access including regular primary care, specialty care, and other health services that contributes to poor health status.
Report Area
Total
Population
Age 18 - 64
Population with
Medical
Insurance
Percent
Population With
Medical
Insurance
Population
Without Medical
Insurance
Percent
Population
Without Medical
Insurance
Service Area 370,627 258,805 69.83% 111,821 30.17%
Los Angeles County 6,394,395 4,465,151 69.80% 1,929,244 30.20%
California 23,738,715 17,873,182 75.29% 5,865,534 24.71%
United States 191,640,968 151,849,368 79.24% 39,791,596 20.76%
Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Census Bureau, Small Area Health Insurance Estimates: 2013. Source geography: County.
6.12 UNINSURED POPULATION - CHILDREN The lack of health insurance is considered a key driver of health status. This indicator reports the percentage of children under age 19 without health insurance coverage. This indicator is relevant because lack of insurance is a primary barrier to healthcare access including regular primary care, specialty care, and other health services that contributes to poor health status.
Report Area
Total
Population
Under Age
19
Population with
Medical
Insurance
Percent
Population With
Medical
Insurance
Population
Without Medical
Insurance
Percent
Population
Without Medical
Insurance
Service Area 96,482 87,309 90.49% 9,173 9.51%
Los Angeles County 2,471,630 2,236,652 90.50% 234,978 9.50%
California 9,652,839 8,845,632 91.64% 807,207 8.36%
United States 76,468,844 70,705,585 92.46% 5,763,259 7.54%
Percent Population Without
Medical Insurance
Service Area (9.51%)
California (8.36%)
United States (7.54%)
31
Data Source: US Census Bureau, Small Area Health Insurance Estimates: 2013.
Uninsured Population, Age 0-18, Percent by County, SAHIE 2013
Over 10.0%
8.1 - 10.0%
6.1 - 8.0%
Under 6.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
6.13 UNINSURED POPULATION - TOTAL The lack of health insurance is considered a key driver of health status. This indicator reports the percentage of the total civilian non-institutionalized population
without health insurance coverage. This indicator is relevant because lack of insurance is a primary barrier to healthcare access including regular primary care,
specialty care, and other health services that contributes to poor health status.
Report Area Total Population
(For Whom Insurance
Status is Determined)
Total Uninsured
Population
Percent Uninsured
Population
Percent Uninsured
Population,
Margin of Error ( / -)
Service Area 527,684 88,508 16.77% no data
Los Angeles County 9,765,396 2,168,228 22.20% 0.10%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2008-12.
Uninsured Population, Percent by Tract, ACS 2008-12
Over 20.0%
15.1 - 20.0%
10.1 - 15.0%
Under 10.1%
No Data or Data Suppressed
Report Area
7 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
A community’s health also is affected by the physical environment. A safe, clean environment that provides access to healthy food and recreational opportunities is
important to maintaining and improving community health.
7.1 AIR QUALITY - OZONE Within the report area, 1.62, or 0.48% of days exceeded the emission standard of 75 parts per billion (ppb). This indicator reports the percentage of days per year
with Ozone (O3) levels above the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 75 parts per billion (ppb). Figures are calculated using data collected by monitoring
stations and modeled to include census tracts where no monitoring stations exist. This indicator is relevant because poor air quality contributes to respiratory issues
7.2 AIR QUALITY - PARTICULATE MATTER 2.5 This indicator reports the percentage of days with particulate matter 2.5 levels above the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (35 micrograms per cubic meter) per
year, calculated using data collected by monitoring stations and modeled to include counties where no monitoring stations occur. This indicator is relevant because
poor air quality contributes to respiratory issues and overall poor health.
Report Area Total
Population
Average Daily
Ambient
Particulate Matter
2.5
Number of Days
Exceeding
Emissions
Standards
Percentage of
Days Exceeding
Standards, Crude
Average
Percentage of
Days Exceeding
Standards, Pop.
Adjusted Average
Service Area 523,298 16.43 15.50 4.25% 4.58%
Los Angeles County 9,818,605 16.53 12.52 3.43% 3.43%
Percentage of Days
Exceeding Standards, Pop.
Adjusted Average
Service Area (4.58%)
California (4.17%)
35
California 37,253,956 14.14 15.51 4.25% 4.17%
United States 312,471,327 10.65 4.17 1.14% 1.19%
Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data breakout by demographic groups are not available. Data Source: Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network: 2008. Additional data analysis by CARES. Source
geography: Tract.
United States (1.19%)
Fine Particulate Matter Levels (PM 2.5), Percent Days Above NAAQ Standards by Tract,
7.3 LOW INCOME POPULATION WITH LOW FOOD ACCESS This indicator reports the number of low income population with low food access. This indicator is relevant because low access to food is associated with inadequate
nutrition, chronic disease conditions, and poor health status.
Report Area Total Population Low Income Population
with Low Food Access
Percent Low Income
Population with Low Food
Access
Service Area 523,298 1,626 0.31%
Los Angeles County 9,818,605 148,403 1.51%
California 37,253,956 1,268,036 3.40%
United States 308,745,538 19,347,047 6.27%
Data Source: US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, USDA - Food Access Research Atlas: 2012.
Percent Low Income Population
with Low Food Access
Service Area (0.31%)
California (3.40%)
United States (6.27%)
Population with Limited Food Access, Low Income, Percent by Tract, FARA 2012
7.4 POPULATION WITH LOW FOOD ACCESS This indicator reports the percentage of the population living in census tracts designated as food deserts. A food desert is defined as a low-income census tract,where
a substantial number or share of residents has low access to a supermarket or large grocery store. This indicator is relevant because it highlights populations and
geographies facing food insecurity.
Report Area Total Population Population with Low Food
Access
Percent Population with
Low Food Access
Service Area 523,298 8,596 1.64%
Los Angeles County 9,818,605 674,686 6.87%
California 37,253,956 5,332,093 14.31%
United States 308,745,538 72,905,540 23.61%
Data Source: US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, USDA - Food Access Research Atlas: 2012.
Percent Population with Low
Food Access
Service Area (1.64%)
California (14.31%)
United States (23.61%)
Population with Limited Food Access, Percent by Tract, FARA 2012
7.5 SNAP-AUTHORIZED FOOD STORE ACCESS This indicator reports the number of stores authorized to accept SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) benefits as a rate per 100,000 population. SNAP-
authorized stores include grocery stores as well as supercenters, specialty food stores, and convenience stores that are authorized to accept SNAP benefits.
Report Area Total Population Total SNAP-Authorized
Retailers
SNAP-Authorized
Retailers, Rate per
100,000 Population
Service Area 523,298 279 53.34
Los Angeles County 9,818,605 6,754 68.79
California 37,253,956 23,815 63.93
United States 312,471,327 245,113 78.44
Data Source: US Dept of Agriculture, Food & Nutrition Service, USDA - SNAP Retailer Locator: 2014. Additional data analysis by CARES.
SNAP-Authorized Retailers, Rate
per 100,000 Population
Service Area (53.34)
California (63.93)
United States (78.44)
SNAP-Authorized Retailers, Rate per 10,000 Population by Tract, USDA SNAP Locator 2014
A lack of access to care presents barriers to good health. The supply and accessibility of facilities and physicians, the rate of uninsurance, financial hardship,
transportation barriers, cultural competency, and coverage limitations affect access.
Rates of morbidity, mortality, and emergency hospitalizations can be reduced if community residents access services such as health screenings, routine tests, and
vaccinations. Prevention indicators can call attention to a lack of access or knowledge regarding one or more health issues and can inform program interventions.
8.1 ACCESS TO PRIMARY CARE This indicator reports the number of primary care physicians per 100,000 population. This indicator is relevant because a shortage of health professionals contributes
to access and health status issues.
Report Area Total Population, 2011 Total Primary Care
Physicians, 2011
Primary Care Physicians,
Rate per 100,000 Pop.
Service Area 527,052 428 81.34
California 37,691,912 31,674 84.03
United States 311,591,917 267,437 85.83
Data Source: US Department of Health & Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Area Health Resource File:
United States 79.41 80.99 80.76 80.94 80.54 80.38 80.16 82.22 84.57 85.83
8.2 CANCER SCREENING - MAMMOGRAM This indicator reports the percentage of female Medicare enrollees, age 67 and older, who have received one or more mammograms in the past two years. This indicator is relevant because engaging in preventive behaviors allows for early detection and treatment of health problems. This indicator can also highlight a lack of access to preventive care, a lack of health knowledge, insufficient provider outreach, and/or social barriers preventing utilization of services.
Report Area Total Medicare
Enrollees
Female Medicare
Enrollees Age 67
and older
Female Medicare
Enrollees with
Mammogram in
Past 2 Years
Percent Female
Medicare Enrollees
with Mammogram in
Past 2 Years
Service Area 30,284 2,352 1,318 56.07%
California 2,197,173 176,758 109,472 61.93%
United States 51,875,184 4,218,820 2,757,677 65.37%
Data Source: Dartmouth College Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care: 2012.
This indicator reports the percentage of women aged 18 and older who self-report that they have had a Pap test in the past three years. This indicator is relevant
because engaging in preventive behaviors allows for early detection and treatment of health problems. This indicator can also highlight a lack of access to preventive
care, a lack of health knowledge, insufficient provider outreach, and/or social barriers preventing utilization of services.
Report Area Female Population
Age 18+
Estimated Number
with Regular Pap Test Crude Percentage
Age-Adjusted
Percentage
Service Area 228,289 183,088 80.20% 79.90%
California 17,577,798 13,745,838 78.20% 78.30%
United States 176,847,182 137,191,142 77.58% 78.48%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-12.
This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 18 and older who self-report that they have not visited a dentist, dental hygienist or dental clinic within the past
year. This indicator is relevant because engaging in preventive behaviors decreases the likelihood of developing future health problems. This indicator can also
highlight a lack of access to preventive care, a lack of health knowledge, insufficient provider outreach, and/or social barriers preventing utilization of services.
Report Area Total Population
Age 18+
Total Adults Without
Recent Dental Exam
Percent Adults with No
Dental Exam
Service Area 422,654 145,877 34.51%
California 27,665,678 8,440,577 30.51%
United States 235,375,690 70,965,788 30.15%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-13.
8.5 FACILITIES DESIGNATED AS HEALTH PROFESSIONAL SHORTAGE AREAS
This indicator reports the number and location of health care facilities designated as "Health Professional Shortage Areas" (HPSAs), defined as having shortages of
primary medical care, dental or mental health providers. This indicator is relevant because a shortage of health professionals contributes to access and health status
issues.
Report Area Primary Care Facilities Mental Health Care Facilities Dental Health Care Facilities Total HPSA Designations
Service Area 2 2 2 5
Los Angeles County 52 52 50 154
California 362 267 288 917
United States 3,313 2,751 2,704 8,768
Data Source: US Department of Health & Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Health Professional Shortage Areas: April 2014. Source geography:
Facilities Designated as HPSAs by Location, HRSA HPSA Database April 2014
8.6 FEDERALLY QUALIFIED HEALTH CENTERS This indicator reports the number of Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in the community. This indicator is relevant because FQHCs are community assets
that provide health care to vulnerable populations; they receive extra funding from the federal government to promote access to ambulatory care in areas
designated as medically underserved.
Report Area Total Population Number of Federally Qualified
Health Centers
Rate of Federally Qualified Health
Centers per 100,000 Population
Service Area 523,298 5 0.57
Los Angeles County 9,818,605 129 1.31
California 37,253,956 750 2.01
United States 312,471,327 6,482 2.07
Data Source: US Department of Health & Human Services, Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Provider of Services File: 2013.
Federally Qualified Health Centers by Location, POS 2013
8.7 HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGEMENT In the report area, 32.44% of adults, or 137,115, self-reported that they are not taking medication for their high blood pressure, according to the CDC's Behavioral
Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006-2010). This indicator is relevant because engaging in preventive behaviors decreases the likelihood of developing future health
problems. When considered with other indicators of poor health, this indicator can also highlight a lack of access to preventive care, a lack of health knowledge,
insufficient provider outreach, and/or social barriers preventing utilization of services.
Report Area Total Population
(Age 18 )
Total Adults Not Taking
Blood Pressure Medication
(When Needed)
Percent Adults Not Taking
Medication
Service Area 422,654 137,115 32.44%
California 27,665,678 8,381,760 30.30%
United States 235,375,690 51,175,402 21.74%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2013. Additional data analysis by CARES.
8.8 PNEUMONIA VACCINATION This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 65 and older who self-report that they have ever received a pneumonia vaccine. This indicator is relevant because engaging in preventive behaviors decreases the likelihood of developing future health problems. This indicator can also highlight a lack of access to preventive care, a lack of health knowledge, insufficient provider outreach, and/or social barriers preventing utilization of services.
Report Area Total Population Age
65+
Estimated Population
with Annual
Pneumonia
Vaccination
Crude Percentage Age-Adjusted
Percentage
Service Area 60,469 36,040 59.60% 59.90%
California 4,167,833 2,634,070 63.20% 63.40%
United States 39,608,820 26,680,462 67.36% 67.51%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-12. Accessed via the Health Indicators
8.9 POPULATION LIVING IN A HEALTH PROFESSIONAL SHORTAGE AREA This indicator reports the percentage of the population that is living in a geographic area designated as a "Health Professional Shortage Area" (HPSA), defined as
having a shortage of primary medical care, dental or mental health professionals. This indicator is relevant because a shortage of health professionals contributes to
access and health status issues.
Report Area Total Population
Living in a HPSA
HPSA Designation
Population
Underserved
Population
Percent of
Designated
Population
Underserved
Service Area 523,298 78,018 38,611 49.49%
Los Angeles County 2,628,041 1,854,223 776,294 41.87%
California 8,450,985 5,528,986 1,815,027 32.83%
United States 107,167,492 58,371,691 21,919,540 37.55%
Data Source: US Department of Health & Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Health Professional Shortage
Health Professional Shortage Area Components, Percent Underserved (Primary Care)
by Tract / County, HRSA HPSA Database April 2014
Population Group; 100.0% Underserved
Population Group; 50.1 - 99.9% Underserved
Population Group; Under 50.1% Underserved
Geographic Area; 100.0% Underserved
Geographic Area; 50.1 - 99.9% Underserved
Geographic Area; Under 50.1% Underserved
Report Area
49
9 HEALTH BEHAVIORS
Health behaviors such as poor diet, a lack of exercise, and substance abuse contribute to poor health status.
9.1 ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 18 and older who self-report heavy alcohol consumption (defined as more than two drinks per day on average
for men and one drink per day on average for women). This indicator is relevant because current behaviors are determinants of future health and this indicator may
illustrate a cause of significant health issues, such as cirrhosis, cancers, and untreated mental and behavioral health needs.
Report Area Total Population Age
18
Estimated Number
Drinking Excessively Crude Percentage
Age-Adjusted
Percentage
Service Area 426,255 65,643 15.40% 15.10%
Los Angeles County 7,359,916 1,059,828 14.40% 14.10%
California 27,665,678 4,758,497 17.20% 17.20%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-14.
9.2 FRUIT/VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION In the report area an estimated 305,034, or 72.80% of adults over the age of 18 are consuming less than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day. This indicator is
relevant because current behaviors are determinants of future health, and because unhealthy eating habits may cause of significant health issues, such as obesity
and diabetes.
Report Area Total Population
Age 18+
Estimated Population
with Inadequate Fruit /
Vegetable Consumption
Percent Population with
Inadequate Fruit /
Vegetable Consumption
Service Area 419,003 305,034 72.80%
California 26,868,771 19,211,171 71.50%
United States 227,279,010 171,972,118 75.67%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2005-13. Accessed via the Health
Indicators Warehouse.
Percent Population with
Inadequate Fruit / Vegetable
Consumption
Service Area (72.80%)
California (71.50%)
United States (75.67%)
9.3 SODA CONSUMPTION This indicator reports soft drink consumption by census tract by estimating expenditures for carbonated beverages, as a percentage of total household expenditures. This indicator is relevant because current behaviors are determinants of future health and this indicator may illustrate a cause of significant health issues such as diabetes and obesity.
9.4 TOBACCO CONSUMPTION This indicator reports estimated expenditures for cigarettes, as a percentage of total household expenditures. This indicator is relevant because tobacco use is linked to leading causes of death such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
9.5 TOBACCO USAGE - CURRENT SMOKERS In the report area an estimated 52,429, or 12.30% of adults age 18 or older self-report currently smoking cigarettes some days or every day. This indicator is relevant
because tobacco use is linked to leading causes of death such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Report Area Total Population Age
18
Estimated Population
Regularly Smoking
Cigarettes
Crude Percentage Age-Adjusted
Percentage
Service Area 426,255 52,429 12.30% 12.10%
California 27,665,678 3,568,872 12.90% 12.80%
United States 232,556,016 41,491,223 17.84% 18.08%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-13.
In the report area, an estimated 147,130 adults, or 34.81%, report ever smoking 100 or more cigarettes. This indicator is relevant because tobacco use is linked to
leading causes of death such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Report Area Total Population
(Age 18 )
Total Adults Ever
Smoking 100 or More
Cigarettes
Percent Adults Ever
Smoking 100 or More
Cigarettes
Service Area 422,654 147,130 34.81%
California 27,665,678 10,239,206 37.01%
United States 235,375,690 101,180,961 42.99%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-13
An estimated sum of adult smokers in the report area attempted to quit smoking for at least 1 day in the past year. This indicator is relevant because tobacco use is
linked to leading causes of death such as cancer and cardiovascular disease and supporting efforts to quit smoking may increase positive health outcomes.
Report Area Total Population
(Age 18 )
Percent Smokers with Quit
Attempt in Past 12 Months
Service Area 422,654 59.36%
California 27,665,678 57.75%
United States 235,375,690 58.49%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-13. Additional data
Measuring morbidity and mortality rates allows assessing linkages between social determinants of health and outcomes. By comparing, for example, the prevalence
of certain chronic diseases to indicators in other categories (e.g., poor diet and exercise) with outcomes (e.g., high rates of obesity and diabetes), various causal
relationship may emerge, allowing a better understanding of how certain community health needs may be addressed.
10.1 ASTHMA PREVALENCE This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 18 and older who self-report that they have ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that
they had asthma. This indicator is relevant because asthma is a prevalent problem in the U.S. that is often exacerbated by poor environmental conditions.
Report Area Total Population
Age 18+ Total Adults with Asthma
Percent Adults with
Asthma
Service Area 422,654 46,882 11.09%
California 27,665,678 3,628,547 13.12%
United States 235,375,690 31,061,484 13.20%
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-10.
10.2.1 Cancer Incidence - Breast This indicator reports the age adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population per year) of females with breast cancer adjusted to 2000 U.S. standard
population age groups (Under Age 1, 1-4, 5-9, …80-84, 85 and older). This indicator is relevant because cancer is a leading cause of death and it is important to
identify cancers separately to better target interventions.
This indicator reports the age adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population per year) of females with cervical cancer adjusted to 2000 U.S.
standard population age groups (Under age 1, 1-4, 5-9, ..., 80-84, 85 and older). This indicator is relevant because cancer is a leading cause of death
and it is important to identify cancers separately to better target interventions.
Report Area Female Population,
ACS 2006-2010
Annual Cancer Incidence,
2006-2010 Average
Annual Incidence Rate
(Per 100,000 Pop.)
Service Area 265,458 25 9.40
California 1,494,276 1,477 8
United States 154,566,544 12,390 7.70
HP 2020 Target <= 7.1
Data Source: State Cancer Profiles: 2006-10.
Annual Incidence Rate
(Per 100,000 Pop.)
Service Area (9.40)
HP 2020 Target (7.10)
United States (7.70)
10.2.3 Cancer Incidence - Colon and Rectum
This indicator reports the age adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population per year) of colon and rectum cancer adjusted to 2000 U.S. standard population
age groups (Under age 1, 1-4, 5-9, ..., 80-84, 85 and older). This indicator is relevant because cancer is a leading cause of death and it is important to identify cancers
This indicator reports the age adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population per year) of lung cancer adjusted to 2000 U.S. standard population age groups
(Under age 1, 1-4, 5-9, ..., 80-84, 85 and older). This indicator is relevant because cancer is a leading cause of death and it is important to identify cancers separately
This indicator reports the age adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population per year) of males with prostate cancer adjusted to 2000 U.S.
standard population age groups (Under age 1, 1-4, 5-9, ..., 80-84, 85 and older). This indicator is relevant because cancer is a leading cause of death
and it is important to identify cancers separately to better target interventions.
10.3 CHLAMYDIA INCIDENCE This indicator reports incidence rate of chlamydia cases per 100,000 population. This indicator is relevant because it is a measure of poor health status and indicates
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention: 2012.
California (444.91)
United States (456.70)
10.4 DIABETES (ADULT) This indicator reports the percentage of adults aged 20 and older who have ever been told by a doctor that they have diabetes. This indicator is relevant because
diabetes is a prevalent problem in the U.S.; it may indicate an unhealthy lifestyle and puts individuals at risk for further health issues.
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Diabetes
Atlas: 2010.
Service Area (7.80%)
California (7.72%)
United States (8.95%)
10.5 HIV / AIDS This indicator reports the incidence rate of HIV cases per 100,000 population. This indicator is relevant because it is a measure of health status and communicable
disease transmission.
Report Area Total Population Population with HIV / AIDS Population with HIV / AIDS,
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention: 2010.
Service Area (513.05)
California (363)
United States (340.37)
10.6 OBESITY
21.30% of adults aged 20 and older self-report that they have a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 30.0 (obese) in the report area. Excess weight may indicate an
unhealthy lifestyle and puts individuals at risk for further health issues.
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Diabetes Atlas: 2010.
Service Area (21.30%)
California (23%)
United States (27.29%)
10.7 OVERWEIGHT 36.44% of adults aged 18 and older self-report that they have a Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25.0 and 30.0 (overweight) in the report area. Excess weight may
indicate an unhealthy lifestyle and puts individuals at rist for further health issues.
Report Area Total Population
Age 18 and older Total Adults Overweight Percent Adults Overweight
Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data breakout by demographic groups are not available.
Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2006-13.
Service Area (36.44%)
California (36.20%)
United States (36.32%)
10.8 POOR DENTAL HEALTH This indicator reports the percentage of adults age 18 and older who self-report that six or more of their permanent teeth have been removed due to tooth decay,
gum disease, or infection. This indicator is relevant because it indicates lack of access to dental care and/or social barriers to utilization of dental services.
This indicator reports the percentage of the total civilian noninstitutionalized population with a disability. This indicator is relevant because disabled individuals
comprise a vulnerable population that requires targeted services and outreach by providers.
Report Area
Total Population
(For Whom Disability
Status Is Determined)
Total Population with a
Disability
Percent Population with a
Disability
Service Area 527,684 44,379 8.41%
Percent Population with a
Disability
67
Los Angeles County 9,765,396 916,929 9.39%
California 36,783,532 3,693,528 10.04%
United States 303,984,256 36,551,036 12.02%
Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey: 2008-12.
Venice Family Clinic’s Director of Grants and Evaluation, with assistance from a community volunteer, conducted telephone interviews in early 2014. Prior to the interviews, Venice Family Clinic and Westside Family Health Center worked together to identify interview contacts. Interviewees largely represented non-profit community-based organizations serving the poor and uninsured. The City of Santa Monica also provided information and insight.
COMMUNITY’S TOP HEALTH ISSUES The concerns and challenges discussed during the community consultation generally centered around access to health care services or to mental health care, both of which can be challenging for Westsiders earning low incomes without employer-provided insurance. The main challenges expressed by our partners are summarized below.
11.1 CHALLENGES IN PROVIDING NEEDED HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Meeting the needs of low-income people on the Westside with an uncertain budget and increasing expenses is extremely challenging.
Workforce shortages impact agencies’ ability to meet the need for care on the Westside.
Organizations face an inability to pay the market rate for quality employees.
11.2 ACCESS BARRIERS TO HEALTH CARE AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Hospital discharge planning is difficult when things like home health care aren’t approved for patients with Medi-Cal or are impossible to access for the
uninsured.
Communication between agencies is not always smooth due to HIPAA, language barriers or wait times for the call center. When local agencies refer, they don’t always get information back about their client’s status, which is particularly challenging for those providing mental health services.
Resources for the immigrant population are limited with regards to health care access. Health insurance enrollment can be especially challenging, with many confusing documents to complete.
11.3 LIMITED ACCESS TO SPECIFIC SERVICES Dental and vision access for pediatric patients is especially limited.
Mental health services are not widely available for those with low-incomes, and Medi-Cal Managed Care makes it more of a struggle to get mental health and specialty care.
There is a substantial lack of affordable housing.
Access for the homeless has increased due to the activities of the Integrated Mobile Health Team street presence, a program whose funding is ending.
On the occasion that services are available, from the City of Santa Monica, for example, it is difficult to know if those in need know about the service and how to access it.
69
12 2013 UCLA HEALTH SYSTEM DATA BY ZIP CODE
12.1 POPULATION This indicator displays population growth between 2013 and 2018 by zip code. This is relevant because it indicates demographic changes and potential issues related