2013815_0355_ENG+MEC+e+PROD+INGLÊS+II+2013

ISECENSA – Institutos Superiores de Ensino do Centro Educacional Nossa Senhora Auxiliadora

Instituto Tecnológico

PROGRAMA

DE DISCIPLINA

2013

Course:

MECHANICAL and

PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

Subject: ENGLISH II

2º PERÍODO

Teacher: Nilde Maria Vianna de Aquino

Student:______________________________________

Campos dos Goytacazes – RJ

2013

ESTRATÉGIAS DE LEITURA (Reading Strategies)

Fazer previsões do conteúdo do texto a partir da análise de títulos, gráficos, ilustrações,

etc e do acionamento do conhecimento de mundo e conhecimento prévio (previous

knowledge) do assunto pelo leitor;

Concentrar a atenção nas palavras cognatas (palavras transparentes) e deduzir o

significado de palavras desconhecidas a partir do contexto;

Identificar os NOUN PHRASES (expressões nominais) para maior entendimento do

texto;

Fazer uma leitura rápida para verificar a ideia central do texto sem se preocupar com o

conhecimento isolado de cada palavra ou com vocábulos desconhecidos (skimming)

Procurar informações específicas (scanning) – este passo pode ou não ser utilizado,

dependendo da proposta do texto / autor etc.)

Text 1: Life is your most valuable possession

PASS IT ON.

Of all the riches you could leave to your family, the most precious

is the gift of life. Your bequest to the American Heart Association

assures a priceless legacy by supporting research into heart disease

prevention.

To learn more about the Planned Giving Program, call us today. It’s the first step in

making a memory that lasts beyond a lifetime.

American Heart Association

This space is provided as a public service.

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata o texto acima citado?

b) O que a figura representa, em relação ao texto dado?

c) Qual é o bem mais precioso, de acordo com o texto?

d) De qual instituição trata o texto? Que tipo de instituição é essa?

e) O que o texto propõe para o leitor?

TAKE FROM THE TEXTS:

a) 3 Noun Phrases:

b) A noun with a suffix:

c) an adjective with suffix:

d) A noun in the plural:

e) A synonym for “bequest”:

Text 2: Now disappearing at a location near you.

This kit fox pups represent a species driven to the brink of extinction.

The primary cause: habitat loss.

Since 1951, The Nature Conservancy has protected millions of acres

of habitat for threatened plant and animal species in all 50 states.

A good job . . . But not good enough. We can’t afford to rest on our laurels; they may disappear.

Join us. Help us protect the wonders of the natural world for future generations.

Write The Nature Conservancy, Box CD22209.Or call 1-800-628-6860.

Conservation through Private Action Original concept courtesy of Lewis & Partners, San Francisco

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

1- De que se trata o texto acima?

2- Qual é o nome da instituição citada no texto?

Ela é pública ou privada? Justifique sua resposta retirando do texto:

3- Qual é a causa primeira da extinção de alguns animais e plantas?

4- Qual é a finalidade dessa instituição e há quantos anos ela atua?

5- Qual é o apelo feito no texto?

FIND IN THE TEXT:

a) 3 Noun phrases:

b) 2 nouns with different suffixes:

c) An adjective with suffix:

d) 2 prepositions:

TEXT 3: ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHT

The Protection of the Environment: A Must in the Modern World

Carlos Alberto Bittar Filho

The protection of the environment has become more and more necessary in the modern world. This fact shows

the lack of respect that man has had in relation to his own planet. The Earth’s natural conditions have

worsened day after day because of the human destructive actions. What must be taken into consideration, but

has been frequently forgotten, is that life on the Earth is all interdependent and that, for this reason, the results

of each action against nature are added to the whole of the environmental damage that has been done already.

The effects of the destruction process have been cumulative, which indicates that global natural catastrophes

might take place in the future.

Unfortunately, destruction has been changed into a characteristic of this world for a lot of reasons. Tropical

forests have been cut down for new farms to be opened. Soils, lakes and rivers have been increasingly polluted

by many types of toxic chemical substances, because industrialization has not been planned very well. The air

has been contaminated by venomous gases because a lot of factories have not utilized antipolluting equipment.

The sea has become lifeless because of leaks of petroleum, and so on. There are numberless other illustrative

examples which could also be mentioned. However, what was analyzed here is enough to give a general idea

about the worrying extent of the environmental devastation in our planet at present.

There have been many consequences of this dark picture of destruction already. And, incidentally, it is

fundamental to emphasize what extremely dangerous they have turned out to be. For example, acid rain has

fallen onto lots of very populous cities and industrial zones. Several health problems have appeared. The

ozone shield, which filters out harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun, has been reduced. Many forests and

agricultural areas have become deserts. And there have been devastating unforeseen floods, which mirror that

some bad climatic transformations have occurred.

Man cannot continue ignoring the environmental problems or simply being passive with reference to them

since the natural system of this world is his life-support one. In addition, such problems have not been

restricted to certain regions – they have happened on a worldwide scale. Therefore, each human being should

take a responsible attitude toward nature every day. Simultaneously, all the countries together should take

effective steps to eliminate the devastation of nature and its evils. These seem to be the only possible generic

solutions for the balance between man and his natural environment to be restored. And they had better be

taken into account very urgently for this planet to be conserved. After all, this is the only one man has.

State Procurator. Doctor Law Degree (USP). Collaborator of this site.

(www.aultimaarcadenoe.com)

1- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata o texto?

b) O que tem se tornado cada vez mais necessário no mundo atual?

c) Por que as condições naturais do planeta têm piorado, de acordo com o texto?

d) Explique a frase “We must take into consideration that life on Earth is all interdependent”?

e) Cite 3 (no mínimo) processos de destruição que têm ocorrido em nosso planeta?

2- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN ENGLISH:

a) What has happened to soils, lakes and rivers? Why has it happened?

b) Why is antipolluting equipment important?

c) What are the consequences of the destruction process?

d) What makes the sun not so harmful for the human being?

e) What has become a characteristic of this world?

3- FIND IN THE TEXT:

a) 1 Noun Phrase of 4 words:

b) 1 Noun Phrase of 3 words:

c) 2 nouns with different suffixes:

d) 2 adjectives with different suffixes:

e) 1 adverb with prefix and suffix:

4- UNDERLINE THE NOUN PHRASES AND CLASSIFY THEM:

a) In addition, such problems have not been restricted to certain regions – they have happened on a

worldwide scale.

b) Acid rain has fallen onto lots of very populous cities and industrial zones.

c) The air has been contaminated by venomous gases because a lot of factories have not utilized

antipolluting equipment.

TEXT 4: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Petrobras and the UN Global Compact

In October 2006 Petrobras adopted the principles of the UN Global Compact.

The Compact is open to any company in the world and has two main objectives:

• To disseminate the practice of the ten business principles throughout the world;

• To catalyze its actions to support the UN initiatives.

The principles are accepted worldwide and arranged around the themes of Human Rights, Working

Conditions, Environment Protection and Anti-Corruption, the first three deriving from the following

agreements:

• Universal Human Rights Declaration

• International Labor Organization Declaration on Fundamental Rights and Principles at Work

• Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

The Global Compact is based on transparency and incentive to companies, workforce and civil society so that

they begin and share substantial actions focusing on the practice of the Principles on which it is based, without

being a corporate regulatory or controlling instrument.

Today, approximately 1,500 companies from 55 countries have now joined the Global Compact, such as

companies in the power area besides Petrobras, as follows: Amerada Hess, BP, China Petroleum & Chemical

Corp., ENI, Gaz de France, Indian Oil Corp., Nexen, PetroCanada, Royal Dutch/Shell Group, Statoil and

TotalFinaElf.

Some of the top Brazilian companies and organizations that also joined are Avon, Banco Itaú, Belgo

Mineira, Copel, Fiesp, Furnas, Abril Group, Klabin, Natura Cosmeticos S/A, Organizações Globo, Pulsar

Informatica, Samarco, Shell Brasil, Telemig, Ethos Institute and Abrinq Foundation for the Child's Rights.

The BMW.Williams Formula 1 team is not only sponsored by Petrobras but by another three companies,

namely: Allianz Group, BMW AG and Hewlett-Packard.

On joining, the company agrees to give a statement in support of the Compact, announcing it to its employees,

shareholders, customers and suppliers for them to apply the ten principles to its corporate development

program; to add these principles to the company's mission statement; to include the commitment to the

Compact in the Petrobras Annual Report and other documents; to announce publicly this commitment by

issuing press releases.

Petrobras was invited to participate in the Global Compact Leaders Summit, organized by the UN,

where 500 corporate leaders from around the world spent one day discussing the future of the Global

Compact. The President of Brazil was the only politician invited to present his ideas on solving worldwide

socio-environmental problems, and how companies can and should integrate the joint effort required to

achieve it. On this occasion, the tenth principle on Anti-Corruption was approved.

* Wilson Santarosa is Executive Manager of Institutional Communication, Petrobras

BASED ON THE TEXT ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

1- ANSWER IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata o texto acima?

b) O que a Petrobras fez em 2006?

c) Quais são os principais objetivos da “UN Global Compact”?

d) Cite 3 temas abordados pela UN Global Compact:

e) Em que se baseia a “UN Global Compact”?

2-FIND IN THE TEXT:

a) a Noun Phrase with 1 modifier and 2 key-words:

b) an abstract noun with a suffix:

c) a false cognate:

d) an adjective with a suffix:

3- CLASSIFY THE WORDS FROM THE TEXT:

a) suppliers:

b) discussing:

c) support :

d) approximately:

e) substantial:

TEXT 5:

Technology Focus - INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL

PEPPERCORN-SCALE POWER

MICROSENSORS DON’T NEED A LOT OF POWER, BUT SUPPLYING IT TO THEM IN REMOTE

ENVIRONMENTS CAN BE PROBLEMATIC. It might not take much of a battery to run a device that

monitors the strain on a bridge, but sending a technician to replace that battery would be prohibitively

expensive.

Researchers at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor may have developed a solution. They have

produced an energy-harvesting system that combines a solar cell, a battery, and associated electronics that

occupies less than 10 cubic millimeters.

With such a small area for solar energy collection, cutting down on power consumption is a key. The

sensor system uses an ARM Cortex-M3 processor, which is designed to use far less energy in sleep mode than

standard processors. To help stretch the power supply even farther, the sensor spends most of its time in sleep

mode, waking only every few minutes, and then only long enough to take a quick reading before returning to

sleep.

The processor requires 0.5 V to operate, which is less than the battery used in the system supplies. To

get the most efficient use of the battery power, the researchers changed the setting on the power management

unit’s clock, essentially slowing down the system.

The result is a sensor system that can operate on an average of less than 1 nanowatt.

With such a small power draw, it’s possible that sources other than photovoltaic cells could be used.

For example, an implantable sensor using this system could be powered by energy collected from movement

or even from body heat.

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT IN PORTUGUESE:

De que se trata o texto acima citado?

Qual é o problema levantado pelo artigo em relação aos micro-sensores?

Qual foi a solução desenvolvida pelos pesquisadores da Universidade de Michigan?

O que se faz para ajudar a estender o fornecimento de energia ainda mais?

O que o processador precisa para operar?

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN ENGLISH:

Which processor does the sensor system use?

What is the difference between the ARM Cortex-M3 processor and the standard processors?

What does this tiny device combine?

UNDERLINE THE NOUN PHRASES AND CLASSIFY THEM:

They have produced an energy-harvesting system that combines a solar cell, a battery, and associated

electronics that occupies less than 10 cubic millimeters.

The processor requires 0.5 V to operate, which is less than the battery used in the system supplies.

FIND IN THE TEXT:

• 2 nouns with different suffixes:

• 2 adjectives with different suffixes:

• A Noun Phrase:

• An adverb with suffix:

• A noun in the plural:

• A verb in the Simple Present:

CLASSIFY THE WORDS FROM THE TEXT:

a) monitors: b) small: c) consumption: d)standard: e)by:

CIRCLE THE PREFIXES AND UNDERLINE THE SUFFIXES:

• And the urge to investigate more deeply into the unknown and expand the frontiers of human

development is at the core of the American experience.

• It’s impossible for the companies to begin important negotiations immediately.

GIVE THE PRONOUN REFERENCE:

1. Microsensors don’t need a lot of power, but supplying it to them in remote environments can be

problematic.

It - _____________________________ them- _________________

TEXT 6:

Engineers have a collective responsibility to improve the lives of people around the world.

The world is becoming a place in which the human population is becoming more crowded, more

consuming, more polluting, more connected, and in many ways less diverse than at any time in history.

There is a growing recognition that humans are altering the Earth’s natural systems at all scales, from

local to global, at an unprecedented rate. The question now arises if it is possible to satisfy the needs of a

population that is growing exponentially while preserving the carrying capacity of our ecosystems and

biological and cultural diversity

A related question is what should be done now and in the near future to ensure that the basic needs

for water, sanitation, nutrition, health, safety, and meaningful work are fulfilled for all humans.

The population growth will create unprecedented demands for energy, food, land, water,

transportation, materials, waste disposal, earth moving, health care, environmental cleanup,

telecommunication, and infrastructure. The role of engineers will be critical in fulfilling those demands at

various scales. If engineers are not ready to fulfill such demands, who will? Today, it is estimated that

between 835 million and 2 billion people live in some type of city slum and that the urban share of the

world’s extreme poverty is about 25 percent.

Considering the problems facing our planet today and the problems expected to come, the

engineering profession must revisit its mindset and adopt a new mission - to contribute to the building of

a more sustainable, stable, and equitable world. Sustainable development will be impossible without the

engineering profession. Then, engineers must adopt a completely different attitude toward natural and

cultural systems and reconsider interactions between engineering disciplines and nontechnical fields.

By Bernard Amadei, professor in the Department of Engineering at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

1- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

• Qual é o grande desafio para a engenharia hoje?

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

• O que está acontecendo com a população humana?

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• E com os sistemas naturais da terra?

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• O texto nos faz um questionamento. Que questionamento é esse?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

• O crescimento populacional levará a que?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN ENGLISH:

• What will the engineers’ role be?

______________________________________________________________________________

• Read the sentence: “Considering the problems facing our planet today and the problems expected

to come….”. Now. Give an example of a problem:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

• What must the engineering profession do?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

• Today professionals shouldn’t work alone. Is it true or false? Find a sentence in the text to prove

your answer:

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• How do humans alter the Earth’s natural systems?

____________________________________________________________________________________

• CLASSIFY THE WORDS FROM THE TEXT:

a) Capacity: b) contribute: c) needs

• GIVE THE PRONOUN REFERENCE:

The engineering profession must revisit its mindset and adopt a new mission. ___________________

The question now arises if it is possible to satisfy the needs of a population that is growing exponentially

while preserving the carrying capacity of our ecosystems and biological and cultural

diversity.___________

CIRCLE THE PREFIXES AND UNDERLINE THE SUFFIXES:

• Sustainable development will be impossible without the engineering.

• The population growth will create unprecedented demands for energy, food, land, water,

transportation,etc

TEXT 7: Ford expands electric vehicles plan

5 March 2010

Ford is expanding its global electric vehicles plan to Europe, with five full-electric or hybrid

vehicles across its C, CD and light commercial vehicle ranges being available by 2013.

Ford says it will launch two zero-emission full battery-electric vehicles including the Transit

Connect Electric light commercial vehicle in 2011 followed by the Ford Focus Electric in 2012. Three

other vehicles — two next-generation petrol hybrid-electric vehicles and a plug-in hybrid — will be

introduced in 2013.

The first models to be launched in Europe will be zero-emission, full-electric versions of models in

Ford’s global portfolio.

The Focus Electric will be based on Ford’s next-generation Focus model and is one of at least 10

vehicles that will be developed from the company’s new global C-car platform. Focus Electric will be

introduced in the US and Canada in 2011, followed by Europe in 2012.

The Ford Transit Connect Electric is a zero-emission, pure electric-powered version of the Transit

Connect light commercial vehicle and goes on sale in North America later this year. Ford is aiming to

make the Transit Connect Electric available for European customers from 2011.

The company is also planning to expand its presence in Europe, with two all-new, next-generation

hybrid passenger cars based on global platforms following in 2013. European customers will be able to

opt for a plug-in hybrid model.

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:

1- De que se trata o texto acima citado?

2- O que tem de tão novo nesse assunto?

3- Qual é a empresa que noticia a grande novidade?

4- Quando esses veículos estarão disponíveis?

5- O que será lançado em 2011?

6- E em 2012?

7- Quais outros veículos serão introduzidos em 2013?

8- Onde serão lançados os primeiros modelos?

9- Em que será baseado o Focus Electric?

10- Quando e onde o Focus Electric será lançado?

FIND IN THE TEXT:

a) a Noun Phrase with 5 words:

b) a False Cognate:

c) an adjective with suffix:

d) the name of a country:

PRONOMINAL REFERENCE:

a) Ford is expanding its global electric vehicles plan to Europe.

b) The company is also planning to expand its presence in Europe.

TEXT 8: What does the future hold?

Two hundred years ago man and nature lived happily

together. There weren’t huge factories polluting the

atmosphere, the rain forest wasn’t disappearing overnight.

Over the last 200 years man has created a new problem:

Global Warming.

The effect of all this pollution and deforestation is a rise in temperature. In the last half of the 20th

century temperatures increased by 0.5°C, but scientists think that this could increase by as much as 6°C in the

next 100 years.

With higher temperatures, the polar ice-caps will melt and there will be a rise in sea levels. This will

create more extremes in our weather system – more flooding, more hurricanes, more droughts and more forest

fires. In other words, there will be more natural disasters. Insurance companies will have to pay out more

money and the global economy will suffer.

This will also affect our natural world. There will be fewer forest and more deserts. There are already 700

fewer species of birds and animals than 300 years ago, and this number will be a lot higher over the next 100

years.

Many medical experts predict that there will be more tropical diseases and that many people will die.

Will there be anything to look forward to? Well, the pessimists say that we won’t see the true damage our

pollution is causing until about 2030, and then, unfortunately, there won’t be much we can do!

Bibliography:

WWW.GREENPEACE.ORG

Colaboração da aluna Simone – 2º período – Engenharia de Produção – 2010.1

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

De que se trata, especificamente, o texto?

Ao longo dos últimos 200 anos, qual foi o problema criado pelo homem?

Qual foi a consequência de toda a poluição e desmatamento?

O que acontecerá com o aumento da temperatura? O que os pessimistas dizem sobre o assunto?

FIND IN THE TEXT;

2 noun phrases:

2 false cognates:

2 nouns with different suffixes:

2 adjectives with different suffixes:

2 adverbs:

TEXT 9: Greenpeace exists because this fragile earth deserves a voice.

It needs solutions. It needs change. It needs action. Greenpeace is a non-profit

organisation, with a presence in 40 countries across Europe, the Americas, Asia

and the Pacific.

To maintain its independence, Greenpeace does not accept donations

from governments or corporations but relies on contributions from individual

supporters and foundation grants.

As a global organisation, Greenpeace focuses on the most crucial worldwide threats to our

planet's biodiversity and environment.

We campaign to:

--stop climate change

--protect ancient forests

--save the oceans

--stop whaling

--say no to genetic engineering

--stop the nuclear threat

--eliminate toxic chemicals

--encourage sustainable trade

We exist to expose environmental criminals, and to challenge government and corporations when they

fail to live up to their mandate to safeguard our environment and our future.

And we believe that the struggle to preserve the future of our planet is not about us.

It's about you. Greenpeace speaks for 2.8 million supporters worldwide, and encourages

many millions more than that to take action every day.

One of the longest banners we've ever made is

"When the last tree is cut, the last river poisoned, and the last fish dead, we will discover that we

can't eat money...“

1- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata o texto acima citado?

b) Caracterize o GREENPEACE:

c) Por que o GREENPEACE não aceita doações do governo ou de fundações?

d) O que o GREENPEACE enfoca, como organização global?

e) Cite, no mínimo, 3 ações do GREENPEACE:

f) De que forma o GREENPEACE desafia o governo e as corporações?

g) Explique o banner: “ When the last tree is cut, the last river poisoned, and the last fish dead, we

will discover that we can’t eat money.”

TEXT 10: Global Warming Forecast Article

The forecasts are not good at all, as it is expected that in the next 50 years the average temperature

will raise up to 2.5 ˚C and in the next 100 years to 5.8 ˚C.

The increase in the average temperature of our atmosphere and oceans, defined as global warming, has

risen about 0.4˚C in the last two centuries, which is believed to have been caused by human activities. Besides,

the latest scientific studies clearly prove that 10 of the last 15 years of the past century were the hottest years in

the 20th century. What else is needed to call people's attention?

The fact of the matter is that in our planet exists a natural greenhouse effect that allows us to live in this

planet. However, if we add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere the result will be an increasing solar activity,

which is not good at all. And the truth is that if the concentration of greenhouse gases increases, our

atmosphere will change and our problems will be greater for sure. This carbon dioxide concentration has

increased about 30% since the industrial revolution and nitrous oxide concentrations have increased about

15%.

The most acceptable cause to what has been happening to our atmosphere is that the combustion of fossil

fuels and some more human activities are the most responsible for the concentration of carbon dioxide over the

last decades. For example, in 1997 about 20% of global greenhouse gases were emitted only in the USA,

where 6.6 tons of these gases are emitted every year per person. In the last decade of the last century, this

number has increased about 3.4%, and these numbers are becoming more and more dangerous to our planet.

And, about 82% of those emissions come from fossil fuel burning, which is used to power cars or to generate

electricity, in short, for human needs.

The forecasts are not good at all, as it is expected that in the next 50 years the average temperature will

raise up to 2.5 ˚C and in the next 100 years to 5.8 ˚C. Rainfall will increase too, due to the increasing levels of

evaporation. In addition, intense rainstorms are expected to become more and more frequent and sea level may

rise about 0,61 meters.

Nowadays, anyone can change this situation as it is proved that 32% of our emissions result from our

daily choices, such as from the electricity that we use, from our wastes and from our personal transportation.

The other 68% results from industries, from agriculture, or from the energy that is consumed at the offices.

To conclude, if we do not worry about our planet and if we keep on living in a technological

world without environmental concerns, we will soon disappear before we won't be able to enjoy that

technology. Rising sea levels, changing natural levels of precipitation, natural disasters and other climate

changes can alter our forests, food production, and water supplies. Ecosystems may also get affected, as

deserts and desertification areas will expand, consequently changing the shape of our National Parks and of

our Planet.

READING THE TEXT:

1- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata do texto acima citado?

b) De quem é a responsabilidade por toda essa mudança?

c) O que estudos científicos recentes têm mostrado?

d) Qual é a causa da atividade solar crescente ?

e) A queima de combustível fóssil é usada para que finalidade?

f) Quanto a temperatura irá crescer em cinquenta anos e em cem?

g) Por que a queda d’água aumentará?

h) E em consequência do aumento de queda d’água, o que ocorrerá?

i) Que escolhas diárias utilizadas pelo homem são citadas no texto?

j) Dê sua opinião sobre o assunto, não apenas como cidadão, mas também como aluno do curso de

Engenharia Mecânica:

2- FIND IN THE TEXT:

PART ONE

a) 3 Noun Phrases:

b) 3 abstract nouns with suffix:

PART TWO

a) 2 adjectives with suffix:

b) 3 words in the plural form:

c) 3 prepositions:

PART THREE

a) 2 nouns that can be also verbs:

b) A modal verb indicating possibility:

c) 2 verbs in the Simple Present:

FALSE FRIENDS! (Falsos cognatos)

Existem muitas palavras na língua inglesa que se parecem com as da língua portuguesa. Isso se

deve à influência que o idioma teve, basicamente, do latim e de outras línguas neolatinas. Contudo, há

palavras cujas aparências enganam quanto à tradução. Elas podem até estar no dicionário com um

significado semelhante ao do português. Entretanto, no inglês contemporâneo, tal significado tornou-se

obsoleto ou totalmente alterado. Portanto: BE CAREFUL!

ACTUALLY ATUALMENTE

ATTEND ATENDER

AVAILABLE AVALIADO

COLLAR COLAR

COMPREHENSIVE COMPREENSIVO

CONVICT CONVICTO

COSTUME COSTUME

DATA DATA

ESTATE ESTADO

EVENTUALLY EVENTUALMENTE

EXIT ÊXITO

EXPERT ESPERTO

EXQUISITE ESQUISITO

FABRIC FÁBRICA

FACULTY FACULDADE

LARGE LARGO

LECTURE LEITURA

LEGEND LEGENDA

LIBRARY LIVRARIA

LUNCH LANCHE

MAYOR MAIOR

NOTICE NOTÍCIA

NOVEL NOVELA

PARENTS PARENTES

PHYSICIAN FÍSICO

PREJUDICE PREJUÍZO

PRETEND PRETENDER

PROPER PRÓPRIO

PUSH PUXAR

REALIZE REALIZAR

RESUME RESUMIR

RECORD RECORDAR

RETIRE RETIRAR

SORT SORTE

SENSIBLE SENSÍVEL

SYMPATHETIC SIMPÁTICO

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE FALSE FRIENDS MENTIONED:

1- Both her___________ come from Italy. She’s a daughter of Italians.

2- Ana is going to the ____________ to buy a book about MBA.

3- I went to the theater every week some years ago, but ___________ the tickets are very expensive.

4- Jane has a big family and she always invites all her __________ to her parties.

5- They are going to the ____________to read a book about ADM.

6- Danny Carlos speaks French very well. ___________, she was born in France.

7- All the students were __________ to George after his accident.

8- Alan is such a___________ boy. You must be careful when you talk to him.

9- Jackson is selling one of his ___________near the sea.

10- Come on. Be__________ and agree with us. Our idea is more practical.

11- We may find water in three __________ : liquid, solid and gaseous.

12- Marta is a __________ girl, that’s why she has so many friends.

13- There was a beautiful scene at the ___________ last night.

14- Jeans and sports shirt are not __________ for this ceremony.

15- She’s just finished reading another ___________ by Hemingway.

16- The __________ of your t-shirt is a little big, isn’t it?

17- James brought a wonderful diamond __________ for his wife.

18- Since your car is broken, you may use my ___________ car.

19- We went to a ___________ about computer engineering. It was great!

20- After we arrived, we ___________ that the house was open!

21- Her __________ is much better now. She can read any text in English.

22- I would like to go out. Where is the __________ ?

23- My mother is very proud of my brother’s __________in his business.

24- Martin Luther King fought against race __________.

25- Jane’s dress is made of a fine Chinese ___________.

26- I suffered an accident and my car was a total __________ .

27- There wasn’t any worker at the __________ yesterday. It was Sunday.

28- After a short rest the speaker __________ his lecture.

29- I read the story last class. Now I have to ___________ it and give it to the teacher.

CREATE 3 SENTENCES USING FALSE COGNATES.

TEXT 11: A DAY AT WORK

In the morning, I _______________ a meeting between administrative representatives and mechanical

engineers. The discussion was very _______________, covering topics like working hours, days off,

retirement age, etc. Both sides were interested in an agreement and ready to compromise. The secretary

______________ everything in the notes. ______________, they decided to set a new meeting to sign the

final draft of the agreement.

Back at the office, a colleague of mine asked me if I had ______________ that the proposed agreement

would be partially against the company policy not to accept workers that have already _____________. I

______________ to be really busy and late for an appointment, and left for the cafeteria._____________, I

didn't want to discuss the matter there because it wasn’t a _____________ moment.

After ______________ I ______________ a _____________ given by the _____________, who is an

______________ in tax legislation and has a graduate degree in political science. He said his government

intends to assist welfare programs and senior citizens, raise funds to improve______________ education and

build a public _____________, and establish tougher limits on vehicle emissions because he assumes this is

what the people expect from the government.

2- ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT IN PORTUGUESE:

a) De que se trata o texto acima citado?

b) Quais foram os profissionais que participaram da reunião?

c) Quais os tópicos discutidos nesse encontro?

d) Quem ministrou a palestra para os profissionais?

e) Em que o palestrante é pós-graduado?

TEXT 12: Sometimes

Neither our best friend

Can help us . . .

. . . when it happens you can rely on Drager !!!

Drager X-am 7000

The Drager X-am 7000 is an innovative solution for the simultaneous and reliable

measurement of up to five gases.

The large variety of sensors allows the detection of over 100 combustible and toxic substances. The unit

can be equipped from a selection of over 20 different electrochemical, 3 infrared or 2 catalytic sensors.

The Drager X-am 7000 is dust and water resistant with a protection rate of IP67 / NEMA 4. The standard

rubber boot protects the instrument from a drop of up to 1.5 m / 5 ft.

Drager X-am 3000

The exceptionally robust Drager X-am 3000 measures

continuously either 3 or 4 gases (H2S, CO, O2 and combustibles). The

unique features of the Drager X-am 3000 include the operation time of

up to 25 hours and the high protection IP65 / NEMA 4. The instrument

can be ordered with a powerful internal pump for up to 10 m/ 33

ft.tubing and built-in datalogger, which can store 60 hours of measurement from all 4 sensors. The data can be

downloaded to a PC using the Drager GasVision software package.

Drager Indústria e Comércio Ltada. Alameda Pucuruí, 51 – Tamboré – 06460-100 – Barueri – SP

DRAGERsafety

SP: tel: (11) 4689-4944 / 4943 – fax: (11) 4191-3508 – MACAÉ: tel: (22) 2765-7098 / 7099

RS: tel: (51) 457-1303 – CAMAÇARI: tel: (71) 622-9492 – www.draeger-safety.com

1- Answer the questions in Portuguese:

a) O que DRAGERSAFETY oferece?

b) Quantas substâncias combustíveis e tóxicas o Drager X-am 7000 é capaz de detectar?

c) Se o Drager X-am 7000 cair a uma altura de 1metro o que poderá acontecer?

d) O que permite o Drager X-am 7000 ser resistente à água e pó?

e) Quais os gases que podem ser medidos pelo Drager X-am 3000?

f) Quais são as características exclusivas do Drager X-am 3000?

g) Para que serve a potente bomba interna fornecida com o Drager X-am 3000?

2- Extract from the text:

a) an adverb:

b) a noun phrase:

c) 5 prepositions:

d) a modal verb:

e) a verb in the Simple Present:

3-Classify these words:

a) Reliable:

b) Equipped:

c) Continuously:

d) drop:

4- Translate into Portuguese:

a) unique features:

b) high protection IP65 / NEMA 4:

c) powerful internal pump:

d) built-in datalogger:

5-Find in the text a synonym for these words:

a) device:

b) characteristics:

6- Explique: “Sometimes neither our best friend can help us.

…..When it happens you can rely on Drager!!!”

-ING FORM

A “–ing form” pode ser um Gerund (equivalente a um substantivo) ou um Present Participle (equivalente

a um verbo). Como Gerund o verbo terminado em –ing vai funcionar como sujeito da frase e também

como objeto.

Ex.: My son is swimming at Projex now. (Past Continuous)

They were swimming at the lake when it started to rain. (Past Continuous)

Swimming is an excellent sport. (subject)

I like swimming. (object)

Outros usos:

Após preposições e conjunções:

I’m used to working here.

After buying the shoes, she left the shop.

Após certos verbos:

Avoid driving at night.

Stop complaining!

VERBS FOLLOWED BY THE GERUND:

VERBS FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE

Admit appreciate avoid celebrate consider deny discuss dislike endure

enjoy escape explain feel like finish forgive give up imagine miss

practice prevent prohibit quit recall recommend regret report resent

risk suggest understand

Afford agree ask arrange attempt choose decide deserve expect fail

help hope hurry intend learn manage need offer pay plan prepare

pretend promise refuse request seem want wish would like

em “proibições curtas”, sem mencionar o objeto:

No Smoking! No talking!

equivalendo ao particípio passado em português:

These archeological findings are very important.

His coming tomorrow is a great joy for us.

TEXT 13: IBAMA IS SPEEDING UP ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING

IBAMA is hiring new professionals and modernizing the environmental licensing information technology

processes in order to reduce paper work and speed up the processes. The institution is opening its hiring

process to hire 500 professionals of which 151 are specialists in environmental licensing and Engineering.

The entry exams were authorized at the end of May by the Planning Ministry. The analysts hired are

focusing their actions on the petroleum, gas and thermoelectric areas. In order to do this, recently,

specific and useful coordinating departments are being created for these sectors.

ANSWER IN PORTUGUESE:

1- De que se trata o texto acima?

2- O que o IBAMA está fazendo para reduzir trabalhos burocráticos e agilizar os processos?

3- Que processos são esses?

4- Quantos funcionários estão sendo contratados?

5- Quem autorizou os exames de qualificação?

ANSWER IN ENGLISH:

1- What are the analysts hired doing?

2- What are the sectors they are working in?

3- What are they creating for these sectors?

4- In what are these workers specialized?

5- How many specialists are being hired? In which areas?

TAKE FROM THE TEXT:

1- a verb with ING -

2- a NOUN PHRASE with ING key-word-

3- an adjective with ING-

4- a noun with a suffix-

5- an adverb with a suffix-

6- an adjective with a suffix-

7- a verb in the Present Continuous-

8- a verb in the infinitive-

9- a possessive pronoun-

10-a preposition-

TEXT 14: Dry dock generates mobilization

The Brazilian government is trying to attract investors willing to build a dry dock in Brazil, where it will

be possible to construct and perform conversion works in big ships. The need to build a new dock and

therefore prevent the country from losing constructions works to other countries was one of the projects

identified by the Petroleum and Gas National Industry Mobilization programme (Prominp). One of the

groups studies the identification of areas and the generation of business opportunities in the industry. The

construction involves investments of approximately US$ 120 million and is being negotiated with foreign

and national companies. With the new dock, Petrobras can perform in Brazil the concession of ships into

platforms P-55, P-56 and P-57, as well as renew a big part of Transpetro’s fleet. In order to promote the

businesses identified by Prominp and encourage professional training, a regional forum of the Programme

is scheduled to happen in Espírito Santo.

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:

1- What is the government of Brazil doing?

2- What do they want to prevent?

3- How much is the investment?

4- Will the construction be done only by companies from other countries?

5- What can Petrobras do with the new dock?

6- Where will the regional forum of the Programme take place?

7- What is this forum for?

TAKE FROM THE TEXT:

1- Words with –ing form:

2- 2 verbs in the Present Continuous

3- 2 verbs in the Simple Present Tense

4- a sentence with a Modal Verb, classifying it:

TEXT 15: COURSE ON ENGINEERING WITH TECHNOLOGICAL BASE MECHATRONIC

Ruth Epsztejn, Marina Rodrigues Brochado, and Jorge Carlos Ferreira Jorge

Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca - CEFET/RJ -

Departamento de Ensino Superior - Av. Maracanã, 229 Bloco A Sala A-209-B - Maracanã -

CEP:20271-110 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil

Abstract

This work presents the project of an innovative course of Engineering with technological base in mechatronic for

the Centro Federal Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (Federal Center Technological Education

Celso Suckow of Fonseca) CEFET/RJ–State of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil, aiming at preparing a professional suited to

the needs of the XXI century. With the purpose of graduating professionals with technological profile, CEFET/RJ

proposes the course with the goal of majoring professionals more adapted to the understanding of the shifts

promoted by the automation and by applying Robotics in industrial processes, that assists the matter of the vertical

profile of teaching in the Institution.

Keywords: mechatronic, engineering, education engineering

1. Introduction

Social, economic and technological changes are happening in short period of time comparing to

the past. The Engineering Schools face each other in the task of rethinking their curricula, incorporating

knowledge that enable their students to exercise the skill in a successfully way for them and the society.

The current areas of the Engineering Course are being debated on the present curricula, the contents

requested by the demands of the scientific and technological development. In some cases, however, the

subjects of the course, in function of the wide range of the area of the professional's performance, allows

increments, aiming at the creation of new areas of work.

The development of the technology and new productive processes and its adaptation to the reality

of the situation of the several phases of the humanity's economic and social evolution is very important

nowadays. Among the several evolutionary stages of the development of the productive systems can stand

out the Industrial Revolution and the coming of the Computer Science. The Engineering links

unequivocally with the goods and services. In a simple way, its performance limits to the form

transformations and content of a generic material through the incorporation of the human work. Therefore

in order to have productivity one should make an interactive process among men, materials and

equipments. The work can be defined as the interaction of resources in time and space, resulting alteration

in form or position of some or of all the resources, in agreement with presettled objectives.

In spite of the fact that the practice of the Engineering is previous than the Industrial Revolution

the latter achievement with the creation of the systems integrating man, materials and equipments,

stressed the application of its methods. In concept, the performance of the Engineering can be appreciated

in any situations of work where there are problems with the efficient use of human resources and

materials. Thus, the Engineering embraces all the fields of resources where it is requested planning,

coordination and control so that the productive resources - men, equipments and materials – are being

rationally used.