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Shanshan BU
Oct 2013
Comparison Study of
Green Building Design
&
Green Retrofit Design
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Contents
Introduction: Sustainable Design1
2
BIM & MACES3
Discussion4
Green Building Design (New Build)Green Retrofit Design (Existing)
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Sustainable Design
Green Building Design(GBD)
Sustainable DesignGreen Building Design VS
Green Retrofit Design
Green Retrofit Design(GRD)
Purpose to eliminate negative
environmental impact completely
through skillful, sensitive design
(McLennan, 2004)
Green building(also known as green
constructionor sustainable building)
refers to a structure and using process
that is environmentally responsible and
resource-efficient throughout a buildingslife-cycle: from siting to design,
construction, operation, maintenance,
renovation, and demolition. This requires
close cooperation of the design team,
the architects, the engineers, and the
client at all project stages (EPA, 2012).
GR refer to incremental
improvements
to the building fabric and systems
with the primary intentionof
improving energy efficiency and
reducing carbon emissions(Rhoads,
2010).This definition excludes disruptive
refurbishment that would require
the building to be vacated for
an extended time, behavioural
training programmes and
space rationalisation or utilisation.
Green Building and Green Retrofit definitions
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Research Objectives
Formulation of userrequirements and
functionalspecifications
Objective 1
Proposemethodologies fordeterminingeffective solutionsin the design offunctions andscheme selections
Objective 2 Implementation theproposed
framework with theintelligent agentsand webtechnologies
Objective 3
Test and evaluationof the computerprototypes
Objective 4
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Strategies towards green retrofitting
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Green Building Standards
Green Building evaluation standard in China
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Green Retrofit Standards (GeneralComparison)
Figure 3. Credit weighting for Green
Retrofits existing building
(Source: BEAM Plus Existing Building
Version 1.2 2012/7, HKGBC)
Figure 2. General comparison of green standards(Lee, 2008)
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GRD Process in generic level
Define Corporate Retrofit Goals
TDesignate Roles & Responsibilitiesx Prioritize Building Portfolio
A Green Financing Arrangement
Select Appropriate Technology
GRD GenericProcess
GRD Process before delivery
Figure 4. Green Retrofit Process (Source: Low Carbon Retrofit Toolkit)
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GRD Process in project level
Figure 5 Green Retrofit Design Process in project level (Source from FCM)
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GBD vs GRD
TEXT TEXT TEXT TEXT
Standpoint GBD model BIM facilitated GRD modelCommunicative intent
(semiotics)
To site study and document the information from pre-
design, construction, post-design
(to extend the project ideas for the realisation)
To standardise data structure used for the exchange of
building information
(to specify data structures for the information exchange)
Authors
(sender)Owner, Architects, & Engineers & , Speciality Consultant
(A&E&S Group) Contractors
Owner, User Group, A&E&S Group Public bodies,
Contractors
Audience
(receiver)Energy analyst to study potential financial and
environmental values of energy efficiency
The roles in the projects have different professional
backgrounds. (Cerovsek, 2011) Vendors of software
presenting the process maps, function and behaviour of
buildings.
Authoring environment
(encoder)Capture software include ImageModeler, Project
Photofly, Global Link, Pictometry Online and PKNail
Silo energy analysis tools such as Ecotect, Project
Vasari, VE-Pro, Energy Plus, DOE2, TRNSYS with design
optimization from aspects Building Orientation and
Shape, Rational Planning Space and Control Shape
Coefficient, Daylighting design etc.
BIM tools software packages with GBS (Green Building
Studio), Ecotect, Project Vasari, VE-Pro, Energy Plus,
DOE2, TRNSYS these well- developed energy analysis
tools. Design-Design (DD) as-design Model, Design-
Construction (DC) as-construction Model and Design-
Operations (DO) as-built Model are created.
Modelling constructs
(code)Calibration process to optimize model and measure
parameters to contribute the simulation for providing
more accurate estimation of annual cost saving
associated with DCV (Demand-controlled Ventilation)
(Lawrence, 2007)
High level ontological constructs parametric 3D elements
and components of real-world counterparts. (Cerovsek,
2011)
Modelling result
(message)Actual energy conservation results and systems energy
performance and economics to individuals competence
(ASHRAE, 2010) in model views, elements, materials
Non-linguistic data structures for the information states
type of building elements and the components based on
the design platform. (Cerovsek, 2011)
Message formatting
(encoding)in the form of gbXML, for the integration of BIM and
Building Performance Analysis Software, IFC, ifcXML ,ecoXML, IDMxml (Welle, Rogers, & Fischer, 2012)
Native/open model formats: rvt, pln, ifc, cis, xml, pdf,
for schema exp, owl, xsd (Cerovsek, 2011)
Table 1 Comparison of the roles in Green Building Design and Green Retrofit Design in generic level
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BIM
2005~now
1993~1995
1985~mid1990
1970
Parametric Object Modeling
Assembling Modeling
CAD Platform
Parametric Solid modeling
Milestones for technology development in BIM would consider to be taken places in between time of 1970, 1985,
1993-1995, end of 1990s until now (Moum, 2010).
As early as 1970, according to Howard and Bjork, as product modelling was once introduced.
Then since 1985 to mid-1990s, came with ISO (Standard for the Exchange of Product Data) in the application of
some European and German research projects.
From 1993 to 1995, after gaining the projects experiences from the COMBI, the industry consortium IAI
(International Alliance for Interoperability) took over the AEC industry for the product modelling standardization.
Finnish research activities including VERA programme in 2006 were in good effort in developing IAI then the well-know IFC (Industry Foundation Classes).
AIA introduced the Brand BuildingSMART in June 2005 for integrating technologies 3D object-based modelling and
BIM in the AEC industry.
Figure 7. Design modeling development (Source: Eastman, 2011)
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Case Study of Festival Walk
Negotiation with the owner
Energy Saving Analysis and Retrofitting
increase with frequencyconverter blower
a new draught
fanon the top
optimize
the control
strategy,
change to
cascade
control
set unify
supply air
temperature value
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Case Study of Festival Walk
Festival Walk Air Conditioning Retrofit Project
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