20.12.2007 Dag van de Fonetiek 2007, U trecht 1 It’s all in your head: It’s all in your head: How to get abstract How to get abstract representations in there representations in there Diana Apoussidou Institute of Phonetic Sciences Universiteit van Amsterdam
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20.12.2007Dag van de Fonetiek 2007, Utrecht1 It’s all in your head: How to get abstract representations in there Diana Apoussidou Institute of Phonetic.
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20.12.2007 Dag van de Fonetiek 2007, Utrecht 1
It’s all in your head:It’s all in your head:How to get abstract How to get abstract
representations in thererepresentations in there
Diana ApoussidouInstitute of Phonetic Sciences
Universiteit van Amsterdam
20.12.2007 Dag van de Fonetiek 2007, Utrecht 2
Questions
• How are grammar and lexicon acquired (at the same time)?– How do children acquire abstract
phonological representations for words from the speech signal?• How is final devoicing acquired, i.e.
how do children acquire the distinction pont/pond?
20.12.2007 Dag van de Fonetiek 2007, Utrecht 3
Answers
• Grammar and lexicon can be learned simultaneously with a constraint-based grammar and lexicon– Learners/speakers can choose between
different surface forms and different underlying forms• Learners can acquire final devoicing with the
help of alternation (in e.g. singular and plural forms).
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Final devoicing
• e.g. Dutch:
Singular Plural
pont ‘ferry’: [pçnt] [pçnt´]
pond ‘pound’: [pçnt] [pçnd´]
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The modelsemantics ‘Meaning’
Lexical constraints
|UR|
phonology Faithfulness constraints
/SF/ Structural constraints
(Cue constraints)
(phonetics [OF])
Apoussidou 2007, Boersma 2007
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A paradigm of final devoicing
Singular Plural
‘ferry’ /pçnt/ /pçnt´/
‘pound’ /pçnt/ /pçnd´/
‘coat’ /bçnt/ /bçnt´/
‘union’ /bçnt/ /bçnd´/
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An artificial language
Singular Plural
Morpheme 1: /tat/ /tate/
Morpheme 2: /tat/ /tade/
Morpheme 3: /dat/ /date/
Morpheme 4: /dat/ /dade/
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The initial grammarStructural constraints: • NoVoicing• NoSyllFinalDevoicing• InterVocalicVoicing