Walter Schroeder Library Site Assessment Report Milwaukee School of Engineering 2012 Green Energy Challenge Walter Schroeder Library Energy Efficiency Proposal Milwaukee School of Engineering Project Team Brittany Leis Christopher Kneeland Derek Underdahl Dylan Sandretto Elise Pinkerton Tanya Otto Courtney Leaf (Alternate) Nicholas Cote (Alternate) 2012 Green Energy Challenge
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Walter Schroeder Library Site Assessment Report
Milwaukee School of Engineering
2012 Green Energy Challenge
Walter Schroeder Library Energy Efficiency Proposal
Appendix C: Focus on Energy Incentives ....................................................................................... 73
Appendix D: Team Alternates ......................................................................................................... 77
Table of Contents
3
Executive Summary
New Paradigm Group is excited to propose this comprehensive energy analysis for the
Milwaukee School of Engineering’s (MSOE) Walter Schroeder Library building. Our initial
examination revealed that this specific building consumed an incredible amount of
electricity. Approximately 3,408 Mega-watt hours in the last 12 months!
Our team of energy specialists approached the project on three fronts to reduce the
Library’s electrical energy consumption. First was to reduce the lighting loads with more
efficient fixtures and the addition of lighting controls. Second was to offset the cooling
and electric heating operations with a Power Therm system that uses natural gas to fire an
absorption chiller, provide domestic hot water, and electricity as a byproduct. Third, we
proposed a solar photovoltaic array and wind generator to reduce the electrical demand
from the local utility. These efforts will reduce the electrical consumption by 19.9% (Table
3.1).
This detailed proposal by New Paradigm Group includes extensive information, product cut
sheets, and full estimations for each of the proposed systems. Included is a construction
schedule, financing plan, and potential LEED credits for the system implementations. We
also have provided an arch flash analysis for all of the electrical distribution to provide arc
flash hazard labels to protect personnel and property.
New Paradigm Group requests a 1.4 multiplier be applied to the lighting and controls
analysis, a 1.0 multiplier to the energy use analysis, and a 0.6 multiplier to the renewable
systems analysis.
4
For over a hundred years, MSOE has prided themselves on “progressive programs of technical
education.” Founded by Oscar Werwath in 1903, MSOE continues to focus on providing
students with an educational experience in engineering, construction management, nursing,
and business that integrates theory with real-world applications. In doing so, graduates receive
a well-rounded and technological background which helps them become highly productive
professionals and industry leaders.
MSOE has a proven track record on their commitment to sustainability and being responsible
stewards to the environment. The university has a dedicated website (http://www.msoe.edu/
about_msoe/green/) which exemplifies their
achievements and initiatives taken. The latest acclaim
to sustainability is for 2010, in which MSOE was named
“one of the country’s most environmentally responsible
colleges” according to Princeton Review.
New Paradigm Group recognizes MSOE as a proactive
community leader in the promotion and investment of
sustainable efforts. The university is in the heart of
downtown Milwaukee a prime real estate location,
which has experienced an increasing number of renovations and new construction
condominium projects. Putting teachings into practice would give MSOE a “greener existence”
within the neighborhood and turn their prime location into energy-efficient property.
The average age of the buildings on campus is 55 years-old. Nine out of the fifteen buildings
have been renovated into educational buildings,
including the 1987 renovation of the Blatz Brewhouse
into the Campus Center (Figure 4.1). With multiple
aging buildings, MSOE is a prime candidate for energy
efficient upgrades.
New Paradigm Group has assessed the university’s older
building stock and has identified the 33 year-old Walter
Schroeder Library as a prime retrofit candidate. The
52,000 square foot buildings consists of (3) floors with multiple rooms per floor. Upon the site
visit and initial assessment of the existing conditions within the Library, New Paradigm Group
immediately observed that minimal upgrades have been made to the electrical, mechanical, and
plumbing systems. MSOE understands the benefits from more efficient and updated equipment
and systems. Therefore, New Paradigm Group has been contracted to perform a comprehensive
energy audit, followed by implementation of load-reduction measures with intentions and
renewable-energy system installations.
Client Summary
Figure 4.1: MSOE Campus Center Building
Figure 4.2: Blatz Brewhouse
5
Mission Statement
New Paradigm Group Energy Efficiency Team
About Us:
New Paradigm Group is based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and a proud NECA contractor. We
offer everything from in-house engineering and design services, energy analysis, renewable
energy installations to commercial and industrial electrical installations. We also include
technology services, such as telecommunications, security, remote access, CCTV, and fire
alarm systems. All of our field personnel are members of the IBEW Local 494, and we feel
they are the best trained and most professional workforce in the world.
New Paradigm Group fully supports the Milwaukee Joint Apprenticeship Committee, and
truly believes that a small investment in our apprentice program will pay bigger dividends for
our future workforce. We actively promote continuing education and training for all our
employees to offer our customers the best experience possible. We consider every customer a
part of the ever-growing extended New Paradigm Group family.
Our Mission:
New Paradigm Group strives to be your energy service provider for today and beyond. By
maximizing value, quality, and building efficiency, we partner with clients to save money by
going green.
6
Our Team
Dr. Dudley Outcalt - CEO & Team Advisor
Over 40 years of extensive knowledge in the electrical industry; from nuclear submarines to 750 kW wind turbines. He is a leader and innovator for New Paradigm Group, and has guided the company from a modest beginning to the leading energy contractor in the Midwest.
Christopher Kneeland - Team Leader/Efficiency Engineer
Christopher is a senior at MSOE, enrolled in the Architectural Engineering - Electrical Design Specialty. With 13 years as an electrician, 6 years as an estimator/project manager, and PV expert, he can meet the needs of every client.
Derek Underdahl - Lighting Design Engineer
Derek is a Junior at MSOE, enrolled in the Architectural Engineering - Electrical Design Specialty. Using AGI32 and AutoCAD, Derek can effectively design and calculate the most effective lighting layout for any application.
Brittany Leis - Environmental Design Engineer
Brittany is a Junior at MSOE, enrolled in the Architectural Engineering - Mechanical Design Specialty. Providing the most effective methods to increase existing equipment efficiencies, and implementing new technology is her specialty.
Elise Pinkerton - Solar PV Engineer
As an Architectural Engineering - Structural Design Senior at MSOE, Elise effectively maximizes the solar potential a building structure can handle, with no or minimal reinforcement. Using “Photovoltaic Systems” by ATP, Elise found a solar PV design best suited for the given application, and provides extra assurance for the customer.
Dylan Sandretto - Construction Manager/LEED Specialist
Dylan is a dual-degree senior, studying Architectural Engineering - Electrical Design and Construction Management at MSOE. His understanding of all construction disciplines allows him to maximize the LEED potential for a given project.
Tanya Otto - Construction Manager/Electrical Efficiency
Tanya is a dual-degree senior, studying Architectural Engineering - Electrical Design and Construction Management at MSOE. Her involvement on several MSOE student organizations allows her to analyze the “pulse” of the student body to provide an effective plan for Outreach Implementation for energy efficiency.
7
Team Résumés
Education:
State of Wisconsin Indentured Electrical Apprenticeship, 5 year Program
Full-time Student
(current) - Architec-tural Engineering, Mil-waukee School of En-gineering; Graduation May of 2012
Career Achievements:
EIT-ready (passed FE) NFPA 70E Certified NABCEP Solar PV
Certified State of Wisconsin
Journeyman Wireman Professional Affiliations:
International Brother-hood of Electrical Workers, Member – Local 494
North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners
National Electrical Contractors Association - Student Member
Project Estimator * Renewable Energy Coordinator Solar Photovoltaic Designer * Database Manager
Position Responsibilities:
As a Project Estimator, I have prepared detailed bids for clients and created automated Excel spreadsheets and Word documents. Through my 18 years of experience in the field and electrical engineering courses, I had the opportunity to design electrical distribution systems for buildings. As Renewable Energy Coordinator, I am leading my company’s path toward tomorrow. I design, budget, estimate, and manage solar photovoltaic projects from a handful of panels on houses to fields of 1 Megawatt or more. My goal is to combine my hands-on and management experience, with an Electrical Engineering degree, to become a dynamic employee ready for the challenges and opportunities to come. Project Experience:
GE Leadership Institute, Pewaukee, WI; Magnetic Resonance addition Waukesha County Technical College, Pewaukee, WI: Heat Plant Substation Replacement – Replace existing medium voltage (15 kV) transformer with two new 1500 kVA transformers and new distribution gear Shalom High School Solar Array – Designed, estimated, and managed the 15 kW solar PV installation St. Francis Children’s Center – Designed, managed 40 kW solar PV roof-mounted installation The Wisconsin Club, Milwaukee, WI: Estimate for Building and Site (Landscape) Remodel and Improvements Waukesha County Technical College, Waukesha, WI: Account Manager for Campus-wide electrical maintenance Milwaukee Public Market - Milwaukee, WI: Field electrician responsible for all underground raceway installations and installation of the Fire Alarm system. Personal Skills:
Microsoft Office, including Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Publisher AccuBid Pro (estimating software) AutoCAD Google SketchUp Contact Information:
Christopher S. Kneeland 4085 N 145th Street Brookfield, Wisconsin 53005 [email protected] 414.339.5371 cell
8
Team Résumés Team Résumés
Derek Underdahl
Education:
Milwaukee School of Engineering - Milwaukee, WI
Bachelor Degree in Architectural Engineering,- Building Electrical Power Systems
Graduation: May 2013
Employment:
MSOE Electrical Assistant: September 2010 - Present
Leedy & Petzold Associates: September 2011—Present
Garneau Construction: April 2011– September 2011
Professional Affiliations:
National Electrical Contractors Association—Student Member
Illuminating Engineering Society - MSOE Student Chapter Vice-President
National Electrical Contractors Association - 2012 Green Energy Challenge
Architectural Engineering Institute—Student Member
Personal Skills:
Extensive use of Autodesk products, including AutoCAD, Revit, and Inventor, as
well as experience with Microsoft Office. Electrical software and power quality ana-
lyzers include Visual Basic, Power Tools for Windows, and AGI-32
MSOE Kern Center Building Supervisor: Sep. 2009 - Present
Professional Affiliations:
Illuminating Engineering Society - MSOE Student Chapter President
National Electrical Contractors Association - 2011 & 2012 Green Energy Challenge
Sigma Lambda Chi International Construction Honor Society Member
Society of American Military Engineers Member
Personal Skills:
Extensive use of AutoCAD and Revit as well as experience with electrical software
and power quality analyzers.
13
Energy Use Analysis
Based on the customer’s electric utility bill for the last year, compared to the size of the
building (~50,000 SF), the consumption was higher than average. A typical commercial
building consumes about (5.9) watts per square foot and the Library calculates out to (7.78)
watts per square foot; about 25% more than a modern facility. This presents a great
opportunity for New Paradigm Group to provide energy saving and efficiency measures, that
will benefit both parties.
14
Lighting Retrofit: Existing Conditions
The Milwaukee School of Engineering library building has (3) floors, with two of them being
identical study floors and the third consisting of offices and classrooms. Each floor is lit primarily
with fluorescent (3) lamp T8 lay-in fixtures. On the two study floors there is no switch to turn off
any of the fixtures, this means that they are on from open to close everyday of the week. This adds
up to over (90) hours a week!
The lighting controls throughout the library building vary. The classrooms consists of an
occupancy sensor in series with a toggle switch. The offices have dual level switching and the
library has a lighting contactor with the relays powering banks of toggle switches. Note the South
wall consists of a continuous curtain of windows, letting in a large amount of natural light, while
all of the lay in fixtures are all on!
Figure 14.1: Library 2nd Floor South side
looking East
Figure 14.2: Library 2nd Floor South side
looking West
15
Lighting Retrofit: Reflected Ceiling Plan
We at New Paradigm Group recommend a one-for-one replacement of all the three lamp
fluorescent T8 fixtures. Also, one lamp T8 cove fixtures will have an LED T8 lamps installed,
downlights and track fixtures will have compact LED lamps replacing the existing incandescent
and compact fluorescent lamps. The following floor plans show the reflected ceiling plan of the
study floors and the classroom/ office floor.
Figure 15.1: MSOE Library 2nd Floor Lighting Plan
Figure 15.2: MSOE Library 3rd Floor Lighting Plan
16
Lighting Retrofit: Light Level Calculations
Utilizing AGI32 to calculate the foot-candle light levels with the retrofit kits, and the available
daylight, we can show the MSOE Library will meet the recommended light level of (35) to (50)
foot-candles (Table 16.1), and also the 3rd floor
offices and classrooms. The Illuminating
Engineering Society (IES) develops standards,
design guides, and guidelines and calculation
guides that improve the lighted environment
and benefit the public. The IES publishes a
lighting handbook that is a recognized
Table 16.1: IES Recommended Lighting
Functional Area Light Level
Classrooms - standard 50 FC
Offices - private 35 FC
Library - stacks 35 FC
Library - reading area 50 FC
Figure 16.2: AGI32 Calculated Lighting Levels from sunlight only (Light Fixtures are
OFF).
Results
The AGI32 calculations for
our retrofit shows that we
will meet the
recommended levels with
an average of 41.8 foot
candles (FC) on average.
The AGI32 calculations
with light lights off and full
daylight (Figure 16.2)
indicate that natural light
levels around the first two
rows of lights from the
windows will exceed the
(90) FC level our daylight
sensor will be set at. This
confirms that the daylight
sensors will provide the
estimated energy savings
when the sun is out.
Figure 16.1: AGI32 Calculated Lighting Levels with Lights ON (No sunlight)
17
Lighting Retrofit Design: Assessment
New Paradigm Group assessed the existing lighting installed
throughout the MSOE Library, and immediately came to two
conclusions:
The existing 3-lamp parabolic fixtures (Figure 17.1) provide more light than needed
Modern fixtures will deliver the required light more efficiently
We initially considered replacing the existing parabolic fixtures
with LED fixtures or T8 retrofit kits (Figure 17.2). The cost of the
retrofit kits are about (1/3) the cost of the LED replacements,
factoring the lower power consumption of the LED fixtures is (12)
watts less. The lamps we chose are the Sylvania FO32/XPSS/
ECO3 that consume (28) watts each with an average life of
24,000 hours. This is (1/2) the life of the LED fixtures, but lamp
replacements run about $12.50 each, including labor. Comparing both options, the
LED is 15% more costly. We anticipate LED fixtures will continue
to decrease in cost, becoming the better option for future retrofit projects.
Next, there is a continuous row of (1) lamp T8 cove lights (Figure 17.3) that
illuminate the central corridor of the first and second floors. Here a LED
lamp for lamp swap will provide a more cost effective option. The retrofit
kit and the single LED lamp are virtually the same cost, but the lower
power consumption of the LED 4’ T8 lamp (Figure 17.4) is (18) watts,
compared to the (28) watts of the Sylvania lamp.
The Library has some track fixtures with MR16 lamps. We will replace
these lamps with more efficient MR16 LED lamps that last (10) times
longer and use 80% less energy.
The lobby areas of all three floors have compact fluorescent lamps that do
not illuminate these areas effectively. New Paradigm Group highly
suggests these (23) watt CFLs should be replaced with (15) watt PAR30
flood lamps that will do a better job lighting these lobby areas. In this
instance, we will not only provide a 35% reduction in energy consumption,
but improve the lighting dynamics of these areas.
Overall, the lighting retrofits will initially cost $50,648.00, and
$47,876.00 after incentives. With an annual energy savings of $22,356,
the payback is in just (2.14) years!
Fig. 17.1: Typical Existing Fixture
Fig. 17.2: Lithonia ES8R Kit
Fig. 17.3: Existing
Cove Lights
Fig. 17.4: LED T8
18
Lighting Retrofit: Light Fixture Recommendations
The figures below show renderings, created in AGI-32, of the new light fixtures in the study area of
the library. Figure 20.1 shows the lighting effect with the light fixtures on, where Figure 20.2
shows the effect of just daylight with the light fixtures off.
Figure 18.1: MSOE Library rendering with the Lights on
Figure 18.2: MSOE Library with just daylight; Lights are off
19
Lighting Controls Design: Assessment
Upon the initial visit of the MSOE Library, on a bright February
morning, it was difficult to ignore the abundance of natural light
streaming through the continuous windows that run the length of the
South wall (Figure 18.1). Our next observation was that all of the light
fixtures were on, and there were are no occupancy sensors or daylight
sensors installed throughout the library study area. This was the
same for both the first and second floors.
We propose adding daylight sensors with dual level switch
capability (Figure 18.2) . This way, the row of lights closest to the
windows will turn off when a level of at least (60) FC is reached, the
second row of lights will turn off at (90) FC . With a total of (86)
fixtures, consuming (56) watts each, and an average of (4.5) hours of
sunlight per day, a savings of $1,977 per year will be achieved.
Next, we will install dual technology occupancy sensors to control the
library lights by (1/4) zones of the entire space. During the first and
last hours of operation, much of the library is unoccupied, therefore
why illuminate the entire facility? Utilizing the infrared and
microphonic technology of the nLight nCM-PDT-10-2P, the false
“on’s” are eliminated, increasing the system’s efficiency functionality.
The best characteristics of the nLight system is the ease of
installation. All the devices are connected by a Category5 cable, which
does not require a raceway if plenum rated, reducing installation
costs. Up to 400 devices are connected to a nLight Gateway (Figure
18.3) that allows for on screen or a laptop connection to simply
program the system in just minutes. All the nLight components are
cost competitive with other devices, making this system the better
choice.
The nLight system can provide an energy savings of 40% or more,
according to their literature. With an initial cost of $7,920.00, a final
cost of $7,545.00 after incentives, and a calculated power
consumption of 67,240 kWh per year for the lights under control, a
payback can be realized in as little as 1.12 years! This is another
“must do” project for MSOE to consider.
Figure 19.1: MSOE
Library South Wall
Figure 19.2: nLight dual-
level Daylight Sensor
Figure 19.3: nLight
Gateway
20
Lighting Controls: Installation Plan
We at New Paradigm Group recommend the installation of dual-level daylight sensors to control the first two rows of fixtures closest to the windows. Occupancy sensors will control the open Library fixtures by the zones indicated in Figure 19.1 on both the first and second floors. Figure 19.2 shows where occupancy sensors will control the corridor lights on the 3rd floor. All the individual classrooms and offices already have occupancy sensors.
Figure 20.1: Daylight and Occupancy Sensor Layouts for the 1st and 2nd Floors
Figure 20.2: Occupancy Sensor Layout for the 3rd Floor Hallway
21
HVAC/Environmental Design: Assessment
The Library currently uses the original 150 ton electric
chiller/heat pump (Figure 21.1) with six 40kW electric
heating elements to supply the heating and cooling needs
of the building. The buildings total annual electricity
load is 3,408,000 kWh, at $0.25/kWh this is an annual
electricity cost of $852,000. Figuring the demand is 0.35
of the chiller/heatpump’s 400 amp 480 volt feeder, and
of the (6) 40 kW heating elements, the calculated annual
load is 1,755,419 kWh/year or 51% of the utility bill. The
cost for this power at $0.25 kWh is $438,854.75 per year!
Current System:
Proposed Energy Solution:
Because of the age of the building there have been many
advances in technology and we have decided to keep the
existing system but offset the cost by installing an
efficient Power Therm System: Hydrofire System (Figure
21.2). Power Therm Systems reduce fuel usage and energy
costs, capture and utilize wasted thermal energy, and
reduce the CO2 and greenhouse gases.
The Hydrofire System (Figure 21.3) uses a MicroTurbine
to directly exhaust into the boiler to heat the water . The
MicroTurbine Heat Recovery Module is used to product
hot water from the Microturbine exhaust. This hot water
can be used for domestic use, building heating, or process-
ing heating requirements. The Turbine System will in-
clude the following:
Capstone C65 Microturbine
Heat recovery module
Demand meter
One 89L Gang operated disconnect
One gas compressor
Yazaki 20 ton water fired absorption chiller
Serial to Ethernet controller for turbine
Software
Freight
Figure 21.1: Existing MSOE Library Chiller
Figure 21.3 :The Power Therm System
Figure 21.2: Power Therm Hydrofire
22
Monthly Savings Analysis:
The Hydro Chill system solution provides 12.9% of the electricity plus 48% of the heat cur-
rently used by the facility, which accounts for another 18.2% of the current annual electric-
ity consumed. The monthly net savings are $6,321.22 including maintenance.
Return on Investment:
The cost for the Power Therm System to be put into the library was bid at $500,000 from
Wesco Advanced Energy Solutions. With a $500,000 net lease amount , we could get a
return in 7.33 years with inflation, and with an uninflated simple return 6.51 years. These
returns assume annual rates of 3.00% for electricity, 3.00% for gas, and 13.00% for #6
heating oil.
Variable Frequency Drives
Another recommendation is to install variable frequency
drives (VFDs ) t0 the hot water and chilled water
pumps. VFDs work by allowing the motor to run at an
appropriate speed according to the load being placed on
the motor. A motor without a VFD runs at full speed and
higher amperage no matter how small the load is.
Adding these VFDs would be beneficial because they
would help reduce the pumps’ electricity consumption,
thus lowering the energy usage in the library. A payback
in less than 9 months is anticipated from installing these
VFDs.
Figure 22.1: Existing original starters for
the hot water pumps
The annual power produced by this 65 Kw system would be 483,000 kWh and the
maximum displaced heat from the cogen would be 24,000 Therms. This gives us an annual
energy savings of $88,516. including the cost of the cogen fuel used by the Hydrochill
System.
HVAC/Environmental Design: Assessment
23
Photovoltaic System Design: Assessment
Solar radiation has the highest power density compared to other renewable energy sources and
provides maximum power during peak demand hours. This makes it a more ideal source of
renewable energy source compared to wind energy. Several other benefits of harnessing the
sunlight using a PV system, include the following
Lower energy consumption
Savings on the electric utility bill
A reduction in the amount of green house gases emitted into the atmosphere
Another factor that will contribute to the performance of the modules is the operating
temperature and location of the array itself. Being located in Milwaukee, where the average
temperature is about 50°, photovoltaics arrays perform very efficiently. This is because high
temperatures decrease the performance and efficiency of photovoltaic arrays.
Therefore, being located in a cooler climate, the arrays have a higher electrical output because the
components are kept cool. A final advantage to being located in Milwaukee is that on clear days
when there is snow on the ground, the arrays can have up to a 60% output increase from the light
reflected off of the snow.
Figure 23.1: Example of a structurally mounted solar PV array; 20kW DC.
24
Photovoltaic System Design: Location Assessment
The roof of MSOE’s library is an ideal location for photovoltaics due to an unobstructed
southern exposure. Approximately 14,000 SF of roof space is available for photovoltaic arrays.
Benefits of a photovoltaic installation include:
The arrays would not be blocked from
the sun during the majority of the day
There are no tall nearby buildings or
structures nearby to cast shadows
The long side of the roof faces south,
allowing the arrays to face south and
receive the maximum amount of direct
sunlight
New Paradigm Group plans to install a 30 kW array on the roof of the library, which will help
to offset the electrical loads within the library. The arrays will be tilted at 35° to optimize the
amount of solar radiation collected by the arrays. The weight and area of the solar modules is
54 lbs. and 18 sq. ft., respectively. This corresponds to a load of 3 psf for the photovoltaic array.
However, the project team is concerned whether or not the roof can handle the additional
weight of the photovoltaic arrays. To ensure that the roof can handle the additional load, the
capacity of the roof was calculated using structural drawings of the library. The roof of the
library is a concrete slab with reinforcing steel. After calculating the capacity of the roof, it was
determined that the additional load would not cause any cause any problems with the libraries
The one-line in Figure 25.1 depicts the proposed fixed/tilted array. The 30 kW utility-interactive
system will operate in parallel with a nearby panel in the library. The solar modules of the 30 kW
array will collect the sunlight and convert the solar radiation into DC current. The inverter will
then convert the DC current into AC current that can be used to help supplement existing
120/208V single phase loads in the library.
The array will be supported using a structural
direct mount system. This system has several
advantages:
The feet of the solar array connects directly to the underlying structure of the roof.
If the roof needs to be replaced or repaired, the pv system does not have to be disturbed.
The arrays sit several feet off the ground, which allows the snow to slide off of the arrays and not collect on top of the array.
INSERT FIGURE
Figure 25.1: Solar PV One-line Diagram
26
Photovoltaic System Design: Material Estimate
As seen in Table 26.1, the solar modules and all of the components that will be needed will cost
$111,464.00. The 30 kW array will be composed of 120 solar modules, three 10,000 W inverters, a
racking system, flashing to surround the feet of the array, pipe, wire, and miscellaneous hardware.
There will be no shipping cost for the solar modules themselves because they can be picked up
directly from the supplier, which is located in downtown Milwaukee.
It is estimated that it will take (569) man hours to install the photovoltaic arrays. This amounts to
$39,506 after overhead and markup is added in. After taking into account a 30% depreciation and
adding markup to the materials, it is estimated that the it will cost $111,530 to install the arrays.
Using a PV watts, it is estimated that the 30 kW array will generate $9,644 of energy per year.
This amounts to a payback of 11.56 years. More detailed information about the schematic
estimate and payback can be found in the Appendix.
Materials Quantity Cost Ea. Subtotal
Helios 250W Mono 30000 $1.28 $38,400.00
SMA 10,000 TLUS 3 $3,800.00 $11,400.00
DPW Racking 1 $12,400.00 $12,400.00
Roof Flashing 1 $15,000.00 $15,000.00
Pipe, Wire, & Hardware 1 $34,264.00 $34,264.00
Materials total $111,464.00
27
Utilizing Wind Energy
Wind is a natural resource that can be
harvested and used to generate power. Wind
power can save money and energy. By using a
renewable source of power such as wind, a
company can help offset rising utility costs and
they can reduce their dependence on the grid.
Why Wind?
There is another huge benefit for investing in a
wind turbine. There is a major shift in today’s
society thinking about being more
environmentally conscience. Installing a wind
turbine in front of the building will draw
attention from the public, it will let them know
that MSOE cares about doing their part to help
the environment. It will also be a learning tool
for the students on campus. The wind turbine
will be an interactive educational opportunity
that will teach students about renewable energy. It will be especially beneficial to the
architectural engineering students who will be dealing with them in the future. The mechanical
and electrical engineering students will also benefit from the opportunity to study all the
internal components of the turbine.
Figure 27.1: Renewegy Facility
Figure 27.2: Renewegy Nacelle Figure 27.3: Renewegy Tower Base Installation
28
Utilizing Wind Energy
The major obstacle to deal with when installing a wind turbine is the extremely high initial
cost. It is an extremely big investment that needs to be considered carefully. Another
obstacle that needs to be considered is the location of the library. It is located near several
residential buildings. The noise and vibrations generated from a wind turbine would not be
appreciated by surrounding
residents.
When researching different wind
turbines we decided that Renewegy
offered the best choice. They are
located in Oshkosh Wisconsin,
which is about 90 miles away from
Milwaukee. This will cut down on
some of the transportation cost. It
will also allow MSOE to invest in a
local company.
Renewegy offers a smaller wind
turbine that is only 100’ tall and has
a diameter around 32’. A huge
benefit to installing this smaller
wind turbine is its ability to be maintained. The wind turbine is designed with the ability to
be tilted down to the ground which allows for easier maintenance. This particular wind
turbine is rated for 20kW, and runs at wind speeds of 3.5-25 mph. This is a much better
range than the standard wind turbine which starting wind speed required is 7.5mph. When
researching the feasibility of using a wind turbine, the local annual average wind speed was
found to be 12.5mph., which is about the
middle of the turbine’s range.
The payback for this particular wind turbine
is about 14 years. The team researched the
output of a wind turbine that was located
near our site, and averaged its output over
three months. We applied those numbers to
our turbine and came out with an output of
26,100kwh/year. This is about 0.9% of the
current power usage of the library.
Figure 28.1: Renewegy 30 Meter Tower Delivery
Figure 28.2: Renewegy Turbine Installation
29
Schematic Estimate
After an extensive evaluation, New Paradigm Group had determined that all of the proposed energy efficiency upgrades are feasible for the MSOE Library. We are excited to present our client with effective and efficient projects that will reduce their reliance on the local utility, and provide several educational examples for the esteemed school of engineering.
Our cost estimate includes:
A complete interior lighting retrofit upgrade
Intelligent Lighting Control system, featuring daylight and occupancy sensors
A 30,000 kW photovoltaic solar array
A 20,000 kW Wind Generator
A Power Therm System to offset the building environmental cooling, heating, and power from the local utility
All the total costs include materials, labor, supervision, equipment, waste and recycling, permits, fees, overhead, and profit. Material and equipment costs were provided by competitive quotes from vendors, such as:
WESCO Electric Supply (Solar and Power Therm System)
Viking Electric Supply (Lighting and Lighting Controls)
Werner Electric Supply (Renewegy Wind Generator)
All the Work for the projects will take place during normal hours, Monday through Friday. Labor rates and overhead are based on the current rates of the Milwaukee Area NECA Contractors, utilizing modified units of labor from PC based software.
Chart 29.1 represents the overall cost breakout, indicating that Materials make up the majority. Since Materials are a relatively fixed cost, and Labor is the greatest variable, the overall risk for this project is lower than most, making this a much more attractive project to pursue.
Below is a cost summary for all the proposed energy efficiency measures. Table 30.1 mir-
rors the information available in the detailed estimates for each individual project in Ap-
pendix B. Chart 30.1 is an illustration of the costs for each individual project, and provides
a quick comparison between them.
31
Schematic Schedule
New Paradigm took into consideration MSOE’s school schedule to minimize interference,
therefore we have scheduled the construction to begin and end in the summer months.
The schedule is broken into four main components, Lighting Retrofits and Controls, Power
Therm System, Solar Photovoltaic Array, and Wind Turbine. Our schedule accounts for a
typical 40 hour week with Saturday and Sunday being non working days as well as Memorial
day and Independence Day.
We will begin construction on May 29th and end with substantial completion on August 24th.
Below is a Gantt chart specifying start and end dates for individual activities.
Figure 31.1: Construction Schematic Schedule
32
Financing Plan: Grants, Rebates, and Incentives
New Paradigm Group set out to identify any and all applicable grants, rebates, and
incentives that our client would qualify for. Focus on Energy offers various incentives for
efficient lighting and controls upgrades (Table 32.1). These savings are included in the
detailed estimates found in the Appendix of this proposal.
Unfortunately, there are very limited options for a non-profit, tax exempt entity, such as
MSOE, for renewable energy projects. All utility non-profit grants ended as of July 1st,
2011, and there are only Focus on Energy incentives available for residential customers.
Because of MSOE’s Federal tax exemption, they do not qualify for the 30% Federal tax
credit. The State of Wisconsin does allow for a sales tax exemption on all renewable energy
product purchases, but MSOE is a tax-exempt entity, so this does not apply.
There are Focus on Energy rebates for the installation of Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
that we propose for the existing hot and chilled water pumps. But for the Power Therm
system, because it is a supplemental system, does not qualify for any incentives or rebates.
Table 32.1: Available Grants, Rebates, & Incentives
Project Offered From Total
Lighting Retrofits Focus on Energy $ 2,772.00
Lighting Controls Focus on Energy $ 375.00
Variable Frequency Drives Focus on Energy $ 180.00
TOTAL $ 3,327.00
33
Financing Plan: Loan Programs
The City of Milwaukee has a great program that is available
to businesses, such as MSOE, for the financing of energy
efficiency project. The program is called Me2,, which stands
for “Milwaukee Energy Efficiency”. Me2 offers four options:
Smart Security Financing that provides up-front collateral for projects from $10,000 to $1,000,000.
Small Business Financing that allows you to finance up to 100% of the project at a low rate, but the loan must be between $5,000 and $20,000.
Clean Energy Financing allows (residential) property owners to finance energy efficiency projects from $20,000 through $5,000,000, as long as the owner passes on the savings to the tenant.
Interest Rate Buy Down is for projects between $10,000 and $500,000, and allows for a discount, or buy down, on your project loan.
The main qualification is that the monthly payment on the loan must be less than the energy
savings per month.
New Paradigm Group will apply the Interest Rate Buy Down to the entire project, with two
separate loans; one for the Power Therm system and one for the Lighting and Renewable
projects. Current commercial rates are about 6.0%, therefore we will use a 3.0% rate for our
purposes.
Conclusion
New Paradigm Group has determined that all of the proposed projects, with financing
through Me2, are feasible with the determined parameters. Utilizing the Smart Security
Financing and Interest Rate Buy Down options, there will be NO initial cost incurred
by the client (MSOE), and the monthly savings will more than cover the monthly payments.
After each loan is satisfied, MSOE will receive the full monthly savings for the remainder of
the system lifetime.
Table 33.1: Financing Through Me2
Loan System System Total
Cost Loan Term
(years) Monthly Payment
Monthly En-ergy Savings
Difference Feasible?
One
Lighting Retrofit $ 50,648.00
10 ($3,121.61) $ 3,770.75 $ 649.14 YES Lighting Control System $ 7,921.00
Solar PV System (30kW) $ 159,330.00
Wind Generator (20kW) $ 107,500.00
Two Power Therm System $ 493,530.00 8 ($5,774.46) $ 6,321.42 $ 546.96 YES