hoult.l be regarded a~
n. He was born in
C '1Ibridge he special:it Lniven.lty College
1 62. There he teaches n.. a ~ we \I as general
babet are di 'tribuLed throughout the dictionary . each at the
head of the entries ginning ~ rill lhat letter. e ab DOUBLE ° 0 ,
ANT LETTERS. SHORT VOWEL, LO G VOWEL.)
j in a n:tIl cvu i syste m , or
lOC pying . record ing, or
CONTENTS
Key to phonetic symbols for English
Index to notes on pronunciation and phonetics
Acknowledgements
A quick guide to the dictionary
Foreword to the second edition
Introduction 1.1 1.2 J3 1.4 [.5 [.6 [.7
Z Types of pronunciation recorded 2.1 British pronunciation - RP
2.2 alb r va 'etie of Bri tish Engli h 2.3 American pr nunciat ion
- 'enernl Am rican
3 The English phonemic system and Its notation 3. I Vowel. an
diphlhongs 3.2 Consonants 3.3 Stre s 3.4 Transcripti n ~ys tems 3.5
Syllabi fica tion
.6 Phonological pr cesses in speech
4 Foreign languages 4 .1 Names
·.2 Transcriptions
5 Symbols 5.1 Phoneti c symbol. 5.2 Othe r , ymbols
The Dictionary A-Z
Abbreviations
Typographical conventions. stress marks, other symbols
Spelling-to-sound guidelines (grapheme-to-ph neme rules )
for
Vari ants Inflected and deri ve fOllTIS Proper names Com oun and
phra.;e Spelli ng Homophones Opinion poll s
inside froll l cover
v
vi
viii
x
xl xi XI
xi xii xii xii
xiii XI II
," iii xiv
xvi x i
xviii xviii , viii
, ix xx
xxi , xi xxi
xxiii XXIII
, xv
1-869
870
i I/side back cover
nch letter of Lhe
-~.-: .~~
15 43 47 49 57 99
143
147 149 151 159 163 165 223 237 238 254 259 328 349 443 511 537
577 627 699 723 741 742 757 758 763 833 84j 844
__ . __ .. _0 notes on pronunciation and phonetics
w breviatory con\ entions
..;cent _ ".ficate ':Iophone,
al lophonic proximant
_heolar 'veoJo-palatal
.l!>pirated ",-~ ,imilation
-wstralian English "Ilabial heaking ut~lion foml chck .:Ilpped,
clipping coalescence .:oarticulation ~mbini llg form
L'ompensatory
lengthening complementary
distribution {.ompound
143 741
15,44,443
577 44 43 43 47 49 57 43 99
l43 147 149 50
49, 151 159
256
577 163
~~ \mpression 143, 165 w nnected speech 143 contracted forms
-' so -n't, - 'd, -'II ,
- ' ve, also don '4
T' m. they ' re, etc.
u mtrastive focus 163 Llescendo
tliphthong lil::ntal de voiced dictionary
pronunciation diphthong diminuendo
diphthong double letters duration early stress elide
165, 223 43
833
143 223
223 237 699 163 255
elision 255, 537 , 763 Estuary English falling diphthong fortis
free variation fricative geminate
X\II
223 833 577 44
238 glottal, glottal stop 327 glottalling 327 hard attack 327,
349 hiatus 327 hyphenation 758 insertion 537,627 intrusive r 627
labial-palatal 43 labial-velar 43 labiodental 43 late stress 163
lateral 443 length-mark 699 !enis 833 linking r 627 liquid 44, 443
long vowel 699 manner of
articulation 44 median 443 monophthong 223 nasal 44 neutral
vowel 511 neutralize 511 non-rhotic 626 obstruent 44 opposition 5 I
I optional sounds 143, 537 palatal 43 palato-al veolar 43 past
tense 249 pharyngal 43 phoneme,
phonemic 577 phrase 163 pitch-prominence 741 place of
articula
tion 43
plosive plurals,
possessives post -al veolar pre-fortis clipping pre-I, pre-r
break
ing primary stress progressive regional accents regressive
assimilation retroflex rhotic rhythmic beat rhythmic clipping
rising diphthong r-liaison secondary stress semivowel short vowel
sibilant smoothing sonarant spelling
pronunciation stranded, stranding stress stress-imposing
stress-neutral stress shift strong form strong vowel syllabic
consonant
44
666 43
149
99 741 49
Xlll
49 43
626 741 149 223 627 741 44
699 666 165 44
723 843 741 159 159 742 843 844 757
sy Ilabi fi cation 143, 758 sy ll able unaspirated uvular velar
voicing weak fonn weak vowel WWW yod coalescence
XIX, XX,
758 47 43 43
763, 833 843 844 259
50