Building on the Past, Respecting the Future Port of Ehoala Design of Navigation Works Trevor Elliott, P.Eng. Brent Sumner, P.E.
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Port of Ehoala Design of Navigation Works
Trevor Elliott, P.Eng.Brent Sumner, P.E.
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Presentation Outline• Introduction
– Ilmenite export– Harsh wave environment
• Port Layout
• Navigation Plan– Design vessels– Channel alignment– Design depths & dimensions
• Aids to Navigation– Range towers (leading lights)– Beacons– Buoys
• Closing Remarks
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Introduction – Project Location
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Ilmenite Export
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• Black Sand to White Pigment
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Why navigation works are important
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Fausse Baie des Galions (full of reefs)
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Port Layout
• Main Elements– Breakwater
– Quay
– Dredging & reclamation
– Navigation works
– Coastal structures
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Design Vessels
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Bulk Carrier 20,000 DWT 60,000 DWT
Length overall (LOA) 155 m [509 ft] 225 m [738 ft]
Beam (B) 23 m [75 ft] 32.2 m [106 ft]
Loaded Draft (T) 9 m [30 ft] 12.7 m [42 ft](10 m @ 2/3rd laden)
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Channel Alignment
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Dredge DepthsBerth Area Navigation Channel Turning Area
LAT (below MSL) 0.3 0.3 0.3Loaded Draft 12.7 12.7 10Gross UKC 2.45 (20%) 3.7 (30%) 2.9 (30%)
Survey Tolerance 0.3 0.3 0.3MSL DEPTH ‐15.75m [52 ft] ‐17.0m [56 ft] ‐13.5m [44 ft]
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Dimensions• Departure Channel
– Width based on PIANC (1997)– Bulkers: poor manoeuvrability
– One-way = 4.5·B– Width = 150 metres (492 ft)
• Turning Area– Tug assistance (2 @ 45 tonne bollard pull each)
– 1.5·LOA (ship’s anchor + tugs)– Diameter = 340 metres (1,115 ft)
• Tested in real-time navigation simulator
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Navigation Simulations - Swept Track Plot
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Aids to Navigation
• Designed to IALA guidelines, Region A• Principal components
– 4 Range Towers (Leading Lights)– 6 Fixed Beacons – 1 Special Mark, 5 Lateral Marks– 5 Lateral Mark Buoys – 2 Can, 3 Nun– 2 Special Mark Buoys– 3 Cardinal Buoys
• Port Control Tower
• Evaluated in navigation simulations
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AB
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Range Towers• Two sets of ranges
– Outer on entering bay– Inner on approach to berth
• Designed to USCG and IALA guidelines
• Dayboards + leading lights• Steel monopole and
concrete mat foundation– Largest tower 47m (154 ft tall)
• Cyclone wind speed– Gust 241 km/h (130 knots)
• Corrosion protection system• Aviation safety (light + paint)
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future1515
R
M
CW
Range Towers
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Fixed Beacons• Quay structure (3)
– Primary berth• Manifold - ATEX Zone 2
– Secondary berth
• Groin (1)• Breakwater (2)
– Roundhead– Trunk at entrance to
secondary harbor
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Buoys• Navigation buoys
– Cyclone waves Hs=8m/26ft– Diameter 2.5m/8ft– Conventional lantern optics
• Lateral mark buoys (5)– Located at outer limits of turning
area– Gated Pair midway either side of
departure channel– End of turn marking reef
• Cardinal buoys (3)– 1km opening at center of bay
Mark named side of buoy• Special mark buoys (2)
– End of dredge pocket– ATEX Zone 2
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future18
Aids to Navigation - Plan
Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Closing Remarks• Construction completed July 2009• Handed over to port operator• 60 vessels in first 6 months• Ilmenite export
– Largest: 55,000 DWT bulk carrier
• Fuel delivery– Largest: 47,000 DWT tanker– Regional distribution hub
• Container traffic– Feeder vessels up to 1,100 TEU
• Other– Patrol boat, oceanographic vessel– Shiploader delivery vessel
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Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Thank You
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