Chapter Five Roman Empire Chapter Five Roman Empire 600 B.C. A.D. 500
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 1/65
Chapter Five Roman EmpireChapter Five Roman Empire
600 B.C. A.D. 500
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 2/65
Early Rome Emerges From Myth
Remus &
Romulus
Etruscans had thegreatest influence
Develops into the
greatest empire of
the ancient world.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 3/65
Story of Remus & Romulus
Faustulus (to the right
of picture) discoversRomulus and Remus
with the she-wolf and
woodpecker. Their mother Rhea Silvia
and the river-god
Tiberinus witness the
moment.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 4/65
Video: Birth of Rome
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 5/65
The Roman
Empire
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 6/65
Italy is a peninsula about 750
miles long Apennine (A PUN NAY)
Mountains run down the center
Not rugged like in Greece,provides Good Farming
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 7/65
The Land and Peoples of ItalyThe Land and Peoples of Italy
3 important fertile plains ideal for farming are along the Po River along the Po River ; the plain of Latiumthe plain of Latium, where Romeis located; and the plain of plain of CampaniaCampania, south of Latium. ¡
farmland allowed it to support alarge population.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 8/65
Etruscans
Greeks
Carthaginians
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 9/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 10/65
The Impact of Geography
Rome located 18 milesinland on the Tiber River
Easy access to the sea
but safe from piratesBuilt on 7 hills
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 11/65
The Impact of Geography
Italian peninsula was a naturalstopping point for trade &
travelCenter of Mediterranean Travel
Turn to page 149, ³Voices from the Past´
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 12/65
Daily Life in Ancient Rome - Video
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 13/65
What made Rome Great?
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 14/65
³All roads
lead to Rome´
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 15/65
Building Roman Roads« slaves at work.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 16/65
United by
Great Roadsystem
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 17/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 18/65
Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.
large flat stones concretegravel and sand
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 19/65
Introduced standard coinage
throughout the Empire
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 20/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 21/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 22/65
Enforced
standardweights and
measurementsthroughout
theEmpire
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 23/65
Romans:Romans:
F or all their war, not one puts on a crown,but instead builds a senate where they
consider the best for all people.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 24/65
The Roman RepublicThe Roman Republic
Early Rome ruled by kings, someEtruscan
509 B.C. overthrew the last Etruscan
king
Republic a form of government
in which the leader is not amonarch & certain citizens havethe right to vote
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 25/65
Roman V alues & Virt ues Roman V alues & Virt ues
3 virtues:
duty, courage & discipline
Livy Roman historian wroteof Cin cinnat us
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 26/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 27/65
Horatius at theHoratius at the
BridgeBridge
When the Etruscans began to crossthe bridge over the river Tiber, andas the Romans fled, Horatius andtwo front-line general officers,stood guard at the bridge.
Horatius ordered the destruction of the bridge behind him: he stationedhimself behind a pile of corpses andheld off the attackers, returningtheir missiles and preventing themfrom approaching.
Just as the bridge became uselesshe received a spear in the buttocks;
leaping into the water in full armor,he swam to safety though given acrippling wound.
Duty, Courage & Discipline? Duty, Courage & Discipline?
YES!YES!
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 28/65
Why Rome W as S ucc essf ul? Why Rome W as S ucc essf ul?
1. Good diplomats2. Extending Roman
citizenship & allowing statesto run internal affairs
3. Skilled persistent soldiers &brilliant strategists
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 29/65
Why Rome W as S ucc essf ul? Why Rome W as S ucc essf ul?
4. Built towns connected byroads
5. Soldiers were deployed
quickly6. Law & politics: Romanwere practical & created
institutions that respondedto problems
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 30/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 31/65
The Government of RomeThe Government of Rome
Two groups:
1. Patricians great landowners,
who became Romes ruling class 2. Plebeians landholders,
craftspeople, merchants & smallfarmers
*Only patricians elected to public office
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 32/65
Patriciancarrying
busts of his ancestors in
a parade
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 33/65
The Government of RomeThe Government of Rome
Chief executive officers
Consuls (2) ran thegovernment & led theRoman army into battle
Praetors in charge of civil law
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 34/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 35/65
The Government of RomeThe Government of Rome
S enate, about 300 patriciansserved for life
C enturiate assembly, electedconsuls & praetors & passed
lawsOrganized by classes based on
wealth
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 36/65
Roman LawRoman Law
First code of law:
Twelve TablesTwelve Tables L aw of Nations : Issues of Romanand Non-Roman citizenship
Standards of justice applied to allpeople equally & used principlesrecognized today
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 37/65
Law of Nations Law of Nations
Innocent until provenotherwise
The accused has a right to adefense before a judge
Judges should decide casesbased on evidence
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 38/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 39/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 40/65
Punic WarsPunic Wars ± ± Rome Becomes PowerfulRome Becomes Powerful
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 41/65
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
Rome faced a strong power inthe Mediterranean±Carthage. ¡
Founded by the Phoenicians around 800 B.C. onthe coast of North Africa, Carthage had a largetrading empire in the western Mediterranean. ¡
The presence of Carthaginians in Sicily worried
the Romans. ¡
The two groups began a long struggle in 264B.C. for control of the Mediterranean area.
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 42/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 43/65
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
The First Punic War ¡
Romans realized that to win the war they needed a large navy, which they
built. ¡
Rome defeated Carthage¶s navy, andin 241 B.C. Carthage gave up its rightsto Sicily and paid money to Rome. ¡
Sicily became Rome¶s first province.
Vid 1st P i W
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 44/65
Video: 1st Punic War
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 45/65
1st Punic
War
R C th M dit
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 46/65
Carthage wanted revenge. ¡
Hannibal, the greatest Carthaginiangeneral, began the Second Punic War,which lasted from 218 to 201 B.C. ¡
To take the war to Rome, Hannibalentered Spain, moved east, and thencrossed the Alps with a large army,including a large number of horses and37 battle elephants. ¡
Many soldiers and animals died during thecrossing, but Rome was still under a real threat.
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 47/65
Video: Hannibal¶s Revenge
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 48/65
Hannibal
Leads the
Carthage
over the
Alps
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 49/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 50/65
Vid 2nd P i W
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 51/65
Video: 2nd Punic War
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 52/65
At the Battle of Cannae, Rome lost40 thousand men. ¡
In response, Rome raised another army. ¡
Meanwhile, Hannibal roamed throughout Italy
but could not successfully attack the major cities. ¡
In a brilliant move, Rome attacked Carthage,forcing the recall of Hannibal. ¡
At the Battle of Zama, Rome crushedHannibal¶s forces. ¡
Spain became a Roman province, and Rome
controlled the western Mediterranean.
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 53/65
Hannibal
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 54/65
T he Defeat of Hannibal at the BattleT he Defeat of Hannibal at the Battle
of Zamaof Zama
Vid B ttl f Z
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 55/65
Video: Battle of Zama
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 56/65
50 years later, the Romans foughtthe Third Punic War. ¡
In 146 B.C., Roman soldiers sacked
Carthage. ¡
50 thousand men, women, and
children were sold into slavery.¡
The territory of Carthage became aRoman province called Africa.
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 57/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 58/65
³N o captain ever marched to and fro among so
many armies of troops superior to his own
numbers and material as fearlessly and skillfully
as he. N o man ever held his own so long or so ablyagainst such odds.´
~ T heodore Ayrault Dodge
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 59/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 60/65
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 61/65
Ruins of Car thage
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 62/65
Romes new
empire
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 63/65
Roman Soldiers!
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 64/65
Mr. Duez¶s Roman Soldier VideoMr. Duez¶s Roman Soldier Video
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2010-chapter-5-roman-empire-part-i 65/65
Hannibal famously crossed the Alps withelephants to be used in battle. Few of themsurvived the trip, but some did. What do you think
the reaction was of the Roman soldiers toelephants in battle?
Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)
The few elephants that survived terrified the
Romans, as one could imagine on beingfaced with a charging elephant. Who knowshow history would have been different if allof Hannibal¶s elephants had survived?