Environmental Impact Assessment Study Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration in VN-ONN- 2009/3 Block in Damoh District Madhya Pradesh EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Submitted to: Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board Submitted by: Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Prepared by: SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd. March 2015
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Environmental Impact Assessment Study
Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration in VN-ONN-
2009/3 Block in Damoh District
Madhya Pradesh
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Submitted to:
Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board
Submitted by:
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Prepared by:
SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd.
March 2015
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) Ltd., a Government of India Navaratna
Enterprise, is awarded by Government of India an exploration block VN-ONN-2009/3
Son Valley, Vindhyan Basin in Damoh district of Madhya Pradesh. This block was
awarded to ONGC in the NELP – VIII with 100% equity participation of ONGC. ONGC
has signed production sharing contraction with Govt. of India on 30th
June 2010. For the
proposed block, Petroleum Exploration License (PEL) was granted on 12th
October 2011
for a total period of 7 years distributed in two phases, phase –I of 4 years and phase –II
of 3 years durations respectively. At present, seismic data and interpretation for phase –I
is in process and based on interpretation of seismic survey findings in block and
contiguous area, one exploratory location, R-HAT-A in Luhari village, Hatta Tehsil has
been approved for exploration activities. The entire block falls in Damoh and Chhatarpur
District in the state of Madhya Pradesh. However, lead area as identified by ONGC team
for exploration activities is in Damoh district only.
The exploratory well drilling of hydrocarbons in VN-ONN-2009/3 block is included
under activities specified in Schedule (Activity 1b) of the new EIA Notification dated 14th
September 2006. It requires Environmental Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC). The proposed project is new project and there
are no ongoing and previous operations of the proposed project, requiring environmental
clearance exist in the awarded block.
ONGC had submitted Form-1 of the EIA Notification, along with a Draft Terms of
Reference (ToR) for EIA study to MoEF & CC. MoEF &CC has issued approved ToR
vide letter No. J-11011/100/2014-IA II (I) dated 18th
July, 2014. SENES India, a NABET
accredited EIA Consultant, has been entrusted by ONGC to undertake an Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) study for VN-ONN-2009/3 block.
Project Location
The VN-0NN-2009/3 Block is about 1250 sq. km. it is located in the in two districts of
Madhya Pradesh, namely Damoh and Chhatarpur. The block area is mainly covered with
agricultural land and forest land. Northern part of the block, outside of lead area is
dominated by forest land. However, there is no forest land in lead area identified by
ONGC for exploratory well drilling and other project activities. Major town of Damoh
district is Hatta town (Tehsil Headquarter) comes in central part of the proposed block.
Regional setting of the Block is shown in Figure 1. The geographic location of the VN-
ONN-2009/3 Block is included within the Survey of India’s Topo- Sheet No. 54P/07,
54P/08, 54P/11 and 54P/12. The Block location map superimposed on Toposheet is
shown in Figure 2. The accessibility map of this block is shown in Figure 3.
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FIGURE 1 MAP SHOWING THE REGIONAL SETTING OF THE BLOCK
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FIGURE 0: VN-ONN-2009/3BLOCK LOCATION MAP ON TOPOSHEET
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FIGURE 2: VN-ONN-2009/3 BLOCK ACCESSIBILITY MAP
Well Location
The proposed well sites have been selected in agricultural field. Environmental
considerations viz. location of sensitive ecological habitats, settlements, schools/
hospitals, water bodies etc. has also taken into account while selecting the locations of
wells. Proper environmental and safety measures will be adopted to minimize footprints
on these receptors. Total 4wells are proposed within the lead area of VN-ONN-2009/3
Block during the plan period. Out of 4 wells, location of one well “R-HAT-A” has been
finalized based on seismic data while three other locations are tentative. The satellite
imagery showing the proposed oil wells in Figure 4.
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FIGURE 4: SATELLITE IMAGERY SHOWING THE PROPOSED WELLS
Project Description and Activities
The objective of the exploratory drilling program is to determine the potential of
commercial hydrocarbon reserves within the block. This activity would involve
Well site preparation, strengthening of access roads,
Well drilling and testing.
Site closure and decommissioning for wells not indicative of potential
hydrocarbon reserves.
The estimated land required per drill site is approximately 3 ha including site required
for construction of approach road, which will be taken on temporary lease, after making
necessary payments against lease and crop compensation. All proposed drill sites are
located away from human habitation. Therefore, displacement will not be required for
the project. As displacement is not required, resettlement and rehabilitation is not hold
pertinent for this project. Additionally, it is to be mentioned that, no rehabilitation and
resettlement is required during construction or strengthening or widening of approach
road to reach to drill site. Drilling waste management for the proposed exploratory
drilling will be in accordance with CPCB and M.P Pollution Control Board (MPPCB)
norms.
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Project Utilities and Resource Requirements
The power requirements at the site preparation and construction phase for the drill site
will be met by 2 nos of 1215 KVA DG Sets. Another 2 sets of DG sets of similar capacity
will be kept as standby all the time for emergency. During the drilling phase,
consumption about 8 KLD of High Speed Diesel (HSD) will be required. Fuel will be
supplied onsite by local supplier through mobile tankers. Out of this, a major part
comprising about 85% will be consumed by the rig (also include the DG sets) and about
15% will be required for the campsite. Fuel in excess approximately 56 KL (7 day’s
reserve) will be stored at onsite storage facility as per Petroleum Rules, 2002 in a paved
and bunded area.
Total water requirement/day for the drilling operation including domestic usage is
estimated to be about 25KLD. Out of 25 KLD, 8 KLD is estimated for rig operations 15
KLD in mud operations, while 2 KLD will be required for domestic usage. The total
projected average consumption of water during the drilling phase of 120 days will be
about 3000 KL per well including domestic purposes. Water will be sourced through the
local available sources. ONGC will take permission from Ground Water Authority
regarding abstraction of ground water for industrial purposes if required.
Waste generation
Drilling mud and cuttings, domestic wastewater, waste oil and kitchen waste will be
generated during drilling activities. Approximately, 200m3/d of drill cutting per well,
approximately 6.4m3/d of drilling wastewater and around 5m
3/d of waste drilling mud is
anticipated to be generated during drilling activities. Approximately, 12kg per day of
solid kitchen waste will also be generated from onsite camp facility. Minor quantities of
oily rags and waste oil generation are also anticipated from proposed project activities.
Baseline Environmental Status
To understand the existing physical, biological and socioeconomic environmental
situation, both primary and secondary data was collected. Stakeholder consultations
during primary survey with relevant State Government officials and heads of Gram
Panchayats and local villagers were carried out to obtain secondary information
regarding the block. The villagers of the block were informed of the upcoming project
and their opinion on the same was recorded during the consultation.
Climate and Meteorology
Meteorological data for the study area is collected obtained from the primary monitoring
conducted at Hatta town during Jan-Feb 2015. During the study period the maximum
temperature ranged between 26.2˚C to 37.5˚C and the minimum temperature ranged
from 21.2˚C to 28.7˚C. The mean of daily maximum and minimum Relative Humidity
(RH) was recorded as 97% and 19% respectively during the primary monitoring study.
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The predominant wind direction was observed to be from South for the study period. The
average wind speed for the study period was 1.3 m/s. The wind in the study period blew
at a speed of 0.03m/s to 7.47 m/s
Photo: Meteorological Station at Hatta Town
Ambient Air Quality
The ambient air quality is monitored at 8 representative locations of the block. The
average of 24 hourly PM10 at the monitoring locations ranged between 70-107.7μg/m3.
At two locations the PM10 concentrations were observed not to be in compliance to the
NAAQS (100 μg/m3). The reason for a slight exceed of PM10 at these places might be the
farming activities, harvesting, movement of cattle’s, vehicles and tractors etc. Average
concentrations for PM2.5, NOx and SO2 concentration in all monitoring stations is found
well within NAAQS standards. Average values for methane hydrocarbons at the sampling
stations varied between Below Detectable Limit (BDL) and 1.1 ppm whereas the
concentration of non-methane hydrocarbon at all sampling location found to be between
BDL and 0.4 ppm. Average TVOC concentration of all the sampling location was found
to be Below Detectable Limit.
Photo: Ambient Air Monitoring at Hatta Town Photo: Ambient Air Monitoring at Luhari Village
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Ambient Noise Quality
The day time and nighttime equivalent noise levels varied between 50.5 -58.6 dBA and
42.4-44.5 dBA respectively. The day time equivalent noise levels at Hatta town had the
highest values whereas Motha village had the lowest amongst all stations. The national
standard for noise level in the residential areas during day time is 55 dBA. The night time
equivalent noise levels for all the monitoring stations were found to be in compliance to
the night time noise standards (45 dBA). Highest night time noise levels were recorded
from Hardua Jamsa village (44.5 dBA).
Groundwater Quality
Turbidity values in all sampled water found <1.0 NTU which shows that all the drinking
water sources (mostly tube wells) meet the acceptable limits as per IS 10500:2012. The
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) values for the potable water samples analyzed varies in the
range of 1072 mg/l (at Haruda Jamsa ) 1346 mg/l (at Majhguwan Patol). TDS values at
500 mg/l or below is considered to be acceptable for drinking being specified under IS
10500:2012 drinking water standard. Only one sample meets the acceptable limits
whereas rest of the samples although exceeds the acceptable limits but well within the
permissible limits.
Iron concentration of potable water samples collected from Ghurata village (0.42 mg/l)
exceeded the acceptable limit i.e. 0.3 mg/l as per drinking water standard. Rests of the
samples were found to be well within the acceptable limits. High iron content recorded in
groundwater from Ghurata village may be probably due to local geological features.
Fluoride contents in the potable water samples were found to be within the permissible
limits, although the sample collected from Hatta town exceeds the acceptable limits.
The monitoring results showed that the concentration of heavy metals (chromium,
copper, zinc, mercury, cadmium. lead, nickel, arsenic etc.) is within acceptable limit as
per IS 10500:2012 standards.
Photo: Drinking water sampling at Photo: Drinking water sampling at Ghurata
Majhgawan patol Village
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Surface Water Quality
The pH of the all analyzed surface water samples found to be slightly alkaline in nature
and varied from 7.24 to 7.42. The dissolved solids content varied between 274 to 344
mg/l while the electrical conductivity varied from 411µS/cm to 500 µS S/cm. The
Dissolved oxygen (DO) values ranging from 3 to 6.1 mg/l indicating moderate to
favorable conditions for the growth and reproduction of normal population of fish and
other aquatic organisms in the these water bodies. As the surface water sources are not
used by the locals for drinking purposes and mostly the river/stream water exclusively is
being used for irrigation purposes, the water quality is compared with the CPCB
prescribed water quality criteria- Class- E (Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled
waste disposal). Class- E does not have any criteria for DO or BOD. The DO level from
all the stations even meets the standard of Class-C (Drinking water source after
conventional treatment and disinfection).
BOD values in all the surface water samples were ranged between 2.8mg/l and 12 mg/l.
The maximum value (12 mg/l) recorded from downstream of Sonar River at Hatta Town.
Low BOD values confirmed the presence of low concentrations of biologically oxidizable
organic matter in the receiving water bodies. However, where the BOD level recorded as
8, 9 and 12 mg/l respectively, could be due to the discharge of domestic wastewater from
the nearby settlements/town and runoff from agricultural fields. The presence of oil and
grease content in all surface water sources was found to be negligible (between <0.5 and
0.62 mg/l). Heavy metal concentrations such as Mercury ( <0.001mg/l in all samples),
Lead (<0.005 mg/l in all samples), Hexavalent Chromium( <0.03 mg/l in all samples),
Copper (<0.05 mg/l in all samples) and Nickel ( <0.005 mg/l in all samples) found to be
negligible and well below the WHO guideline values.
Downstream of Sonar at Hatta Kopra River
Land use
The land-use and land-cover of the Block has been interpreted from the, toposheet of the
area, and subsequently by ground truthing during field surveys. The study area land use
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shows that majority of the land within the Block (62.72%) is agricultural land. Rivers and
drains comprise of 2.28 % of the total Block area. Forest areas are near 31.8 % of the
total Block area. However, all the forest area is outside of lead area. Settlements comprise
of 1.82 % of the total Block area. Road network including State Highway and other small
roads comprise of 0.05 % of the total Block. The land use map is presented in Figure 5 .
FIGURE 5 : LAND USE LAND COVER MAP OF VN-ONN-2009/3 BLOCK
Soil Quality
From the texture point of view, the soil from 4 locations out of 5 sampling locations, are
found to be clayey in nature, having good capacity for adsorption and retention of water
and plant nutrients. Therefore, it is suitable for agriculture and plantation. The soil
sampled from Ghurata village shows that the soil has more silt than clay and the texture
of the soil is silty clayey in nature.
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Traffic Survey
Movement of Two & Three wheelers (a total of 453, comprising 42 %) was recorded high
in comparison to other category of vehicles on SH-51. The maximum movement of
vehicles was recorded during 12 p.m. till 6 p.m. Movements of four wheelers (light
vehicles) were recorded higher in numbers (509) with 37% of total vehicular movement
on Damoh-Hatta State Highway (SH-49). The highest number of vehicles was recorded
from Light Motor Vehicles/four wheeler on SH-37 ( Hatta Town to Patera Road). The
contribution of these vehicles was 38% with a total number of 405 out of 1076.
Natural hazards
The study area is located in Zone III as shown in the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
2000 seismic zone map for India (refer Figure 6 ). Zone III is defined as region which
might encounter earthquakes of intensity VII (MSK).
FIGURE 6: SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF INDIA
Floods are common in Damoh and Chhatarpur district because of basin of major rivers
such as Ken and Sonar river. On 5th July 2005, Damoh, Chhatarpur and other districts
of north eastern part of Madhya Pradesh were badly affected by flash floods triggered by
heavy rains. Due to heavy rain, all the major rivers including Ken and Sonar were
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overflowing. As reported by the villagers residing near the Kopra river, settlements near
the river and various seasonal drains got affected by water logging. The main causes of
flash floods in the area are:
Obstruction in drainage system due to heavy rainfall
Increase in siltation in riverbeds due to erosion in the catchment areas.
Change of river course because of poor natural drainage system.
Biological Environment
The proposed project site in M.P state lies within the bio-geographic province-6A,
Deccan Peninsula- Central Highlands. The Panna National Park is located 17 km from
the proposed drilling site and Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary is located at 42 km from the
proposed drilling site. The other protected areas namely Ken Gharial WLS, Panna
(Gangau) WLS and Veerangna WLS are located at distances of 58 km, 43 km and 54 km
respectively.
The forest type of this region is mainly 5A/C3- Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest
and mostly dominated by teak. During the primary survey and as per the working plan of
Damoh Forest Division, the most of the vegetation of these forests are found to be mixed
type.
The tree species which were identified from the forest areas such as Sagwan, Saj, Salai,
Seja/Lendia/Senha, Haldu, Shisham, Reunjha, Mahwa, Safed shirish, Babool, Bija sal,