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Bio-Nanotechnology:Challenges for trainees in amultidisciplinary research programJess ica Koehne, Ph.D. candidate
Departm ent of C hem istryUnivers ity o f C alifornia, DavisNASA Am es Research C enter
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Where I came from Received a BS in chemistry from SantaClara University
Traditional chemistry education Worked 3 years for the NASA AmesCenter for Nanotechnology
Introduction to interdisciplinary researchTeam:chemists, physicists,engineers, molecularbiologists
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Silicon AFM Probe
Nanomaterials size lends them tobiological investigationsCell imp alement and cell surgery
_.....ite specificdrug deliveryCarbon Nanofiber (CNF)arbon Nanotube (CNT)Array P latformFM tipFM = atomic force microscopeCell imaging
High resolutionof membranemorphologyAgyCarbon Nanotube (CNT )AFM Probe
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NASA Ames Center forNanotechnology
Skills acquiredgrowth, characterizationand functional ization ofCNTs and CNFsCN F array asDNA biosensor
Koehne, J.; Chen, H. ; Li, J.; Cassell, A.; Ye, Q.; Ng, H. T .; Han, J.; Meyyap pan, M. Nanotechnology, 2003, 14, 1239-1245.
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fC12 cells grown on CNF arrayNASA AmesC DavisSubstrate preparation-D fluorescence characterizationCNT functionalization
Koehne, J. E.; Chen, H .; Cassell, A.; Liu, G. Y.; Li, J.; Meyyappan , M. in press.
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3 d istinctbone marrowderived mastcells withvariedmembranestructure
Professor Gang-yu Liu, UC D aviscellular imaging studiesUse AFM for:1) High-resolution imaging2) Three-dimensional imaging3) Hydrated cell imaging
Cell 1ell 2ell 3Zink, T.; Deng, Z.; Chen, H.; Yu, L.; Liu, F. T.; Liu, G. Y. Ultramicroscopy 2008 ,109, 22-31.
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Collaboration w ith CoVsystemsCNT AFM probesHigh aspect ratio CNT probesw ith control over geometry,angle and length
Stevens, R.; Nguyen, C.; Meyyappan, M. IEEE Trans. Nano. 2006, 5, 255-257.
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Koehne, J. E.; Stevens, R.; Zink, T.; Liu, G. Y.
CNT AFM probesfor cellular imagingGrowth, characterizationand functionalization ofCNT/CNFs
UC DavisHigh-resolution imagingof hydrated cellsCoVsyste m sFabrication of CNT AFMimaging probes
Thesis becam e interdisciplinary out of necessity
Images representthe top surface ofthe same ratbasophilicleukemia cell
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Interdisciplinary Programsat UC D avis
Interdisciplinary Dep artments UCD has 47 Program s, Centers and Institutes UCD has 57
Nanomaterials in the Environment,Agriculture and Technology (NEAT)
Definition: A group that gives students intellectual freedomto transcend disciplines and areas of research.
Northern California Nanotechnology Center (NCNC)
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How to participate ininterdisciplinary researchInterdisciplinary department Standard core department AdvantagesAdvantages Program is designed toStrong sense ofpromote interdisciplinaryommunity
exposure and training University advisors areparticipating ininterdisciplinary research DisadvantagesDisadvantages
No centralizedStudent has to finddepartmentdvisor who is S tudents can feel lack ofarticipating incamaraderie with fellownterdisciplinary researchgraduate studentsCurriculum can b elimiting
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O utcomes of aninterdisciplinary thesis
W ide range sk ill set Well equ ipp ed for
the 21st century Very employable
Challengesenefits Large number ofcourses Longer thesiscompletion time Pulled b etw eencollaborators Lack depth ofknowledge
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Recom mendations tocurrent educatorsEmbrace paradigm shift from multidisciplinaryresearch as the minority to the majority
Universities Develop interdisciplinary departments and programs Encourage faculty participation Provide university wide interdisciplinary conferences
Departments Encourage cross department collaborations Encourage participation in interdisciplinary dep artments andprograms Allowance for more cross discipline curriculum
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Conclusions Interd isciplinary thesis is formed ou t of necessity toanswer complex problems Interdisciplinary research is fostered by interdisciplinary
departments and groups, centers and institutes Gradu ate stud ents may face add itional obstacles, bu t w illbe p repared for research of the 21 st century Universities and dep artments can utilize interdisciplinarydepartments and groups, centers and institutes to fostergraduate education
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Acknowledgments Prof. Gang-yu Liu - UC Davis Prof. Fu-tong Liu - UC Davis Dr. Huan Chen - UC Davis Prof. Jun Li - Kansas State University Dr. Hua Chen - UARC Dr. Meyya Meyyappan - NASA Ames Dr. Harry Partridge - NASA Ames Ramsey Stevens - CoVsystems Prof. Rod Hill - University of Idaho Dr. Sally Tinkle - NIH Dr. Andrew Maynard - Woodrow Wilson International Center forScholars FundingNAS A Am es Full Time Graduate Study ProgramUniversity of California, DavisNIH 1R21 G M 077850-01NSF CHE-0809977NCI (under Unconventional Innovation Program)