2009 NHSN Report

National Healthcare Safety Network(NHSN) report Data summary for 2006through 2008 issued December 2009

Jonathan R Edwards MStat Kelly D Peterson BBA Yi Mu PhD Shailendra Banerjee PhD Katherine Allen-Bridson RN BSN CIC Gloria Morrell RN MS MSN CIC Margaret A Dudeck MPH Daniel A Pollock MD and Teresa C Horan MPH

Atlanta Georgia

Published by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology Inc

romor Pers fartm

ddront600

he fio noase

ublispide

(Am J Infect Control 200937783-805)

This report is a summary of Device-Associated (DA) and Procedure-Associated (PA) module data collected and re-ported by hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers par-ticipating in the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) from January 2006 through December 2008 as re-ported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by July 6 2009 This report updates previously pub-lished DA and PA module data from the NHSN1

The NHSN was established in 2005 to integrate and supersede 3 legacy surveillance systems at the CDC the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system the Dialysis Surveillance Network (DSN) and the National Surveillance System for Healthcare Workers (NaSH) Similar to the NNIS system NHSN facilities voluntarily report their health carendashassociated infection (HAI) surveillance data for aggregation into a single national database for the following purposes

the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion National Centerreparedness Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases Cen-or Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Service US De-ent of Health and Human Services Atlanta GA

ess correspondence to Jonathan R Edwards Centers for Diseaserol and Prevention Division of Healthcare Quality PromotionClifton Road NE Mailstop A-24 Atlanta GA 30333 E-mail

ardscdcgov

report is in the public domain and can be copied freely

ndings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors andt necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Dis-Control and Prevention

-6553$3600

hed by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control andmiology Inc

01016jajic200910001

d Estimation of the magnitude of HAIs d Monitoring of HAI trends d Facilitation of interfacility and intrafacility compari-

sons with risk-adjusted data that can be used for local quality improvement activities

d Assistance to facilities in developing surveillance and analysis methods that permit timely recognition of patient safety problems and prompt intervention with appropriate measures

In addition many facilities use these same data to comply with state reporting mandates Identity of all NHSN facilities is kept confidential by the CDC in accor-dance with Sections 304 306 and 308(d) of the Public Health Service Act [42 USC 242b 242k and 242m(d)]

METHODS

NHSN data collection reporting and analysis are organized into 4 components Patient Safety Healthcare Personnel Safety Biovigilance and Research and Devel-opment Data for the Patient Safety Component are col-lected using standardized methods and definitions23

and in accordance with specific module protocols4 The modules may be used singly or simultaneously but once selected they must be used for a minimum of 1 cal-endar month All infections are categorized using stan-dard CDC definitions that include laboratory and clinical criteria3 The DA module may be used by facilities other than hospitals including long-term care facilities and outpatient dialysis centers A report of data from this module for outpatient dialysis centers was published separately5

Device-Associated module

Infection preventionists (IPs) may choose to collect data on central line-associated primary bloodstream

784 Edwards et al

Table 1 NHSN hospitals contributing data used in thisreport

Hospital type N ()

Childrenrsquos 38 (25)

General including acute trauma and teaching 1389 (899)

Long-term acute care 27 (17)

Military 9 (06)

Oncology 8 (05)

Orthopedic 8 (05)

Psychiatric 8 (05)

Rehabilitation 17 (11)

Surgical 1 (01)

Veterans Affairs 31 (20)

Womenrsquos 4 (03)

Womenrsquos and childrenrsquos 5 (03)

Total 1545 (100)

American Journal of Infection ControlDecember 2009

infections (BSIs) ventilator-associated pneumonias or urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) that occur in patients staying in a patient care location such as a critical care or intensive care unit (ICU) specialty care area (SCA) or ward In NHSN these locations are further characterized according to patient population adults children or infants (in tables pedi-atric and nursery locations are so noted) In neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) locations (level III or level IIIII) IPs collect data on central line-associated and umbilical catheterndashassociated primary bloodstream in-fections or ventilator-associated pneumonia for each of 5 birth-weight categories (750 g 751-1000 g 1001-1500 g 1501-2500 g and 2500 g) Corresponding location-specific denominator data consisting of pa-tient-days and specific device-days are also collected by IPs or other trained personnel

Twenty-one new locationsmdashpediatric cardiotho-racic ICU respiratory ICU behavioral health ward genitourinary ward gerontology ward gynecology ward labor and delivery ward labor delivery recov-ery postpartum ward neurology ward neurosurgical ward orthopedic ward pediatric medicalsurgical

Table 2 NHSN hospitals contributing data used in this report

Bed size

200 201-500

Hospital type N () N ()

Major teaching

Graduate teaching

Limited teaching

Nonteaching

83 (54)

73 (47)

96 (62)

730 (472)

982 (636)

110 (71)

60 (38)

59 (38)

211 (137)

440 (285)

NOTE Major Hospital is an important part of the teaching program of a medical school and

Hospital is used by the medical school for graduate training programs only (ie residency and

only a limited extent

ward pediatric medical ward postpartum ward vascular surgery ward level I nursery level II nursery long-term care unit long-term acute care SCA solid organ transplant SCA and pediatric hematologyoncol-ogy SCAmdashhad sufficient data to be included in this report Among these new locations only pediatric medicalsurgical ward comprised sufficient data to provide key percentiles of the distributions of central line-associated bloodstream and catheter-associated UTI rate and DU ratios

The data for adult combined medicalsurgical ICUs were split into two groups by type of hospital lsquolsquomajor teachingrsquorsquo and lsquolsquoall othersrsquorsquo Major teaching status was defined as a hospital that is an important part of the teaching program of a medical school and the majority of medical students rotate through multiple clinical services The lsquolsquoall othersrsquorsquo group of adult combined medicalsurgical ICUs were further split into 2 groups by unit bed size 15 beds and 15 beds In addition the data for adult medical ICUs were split into 2 groups by type of hospital as defined above

In non-NICU locations the device-days consisted of the total number of central line-days urinary catheter-days or ventilator-days The DU of a location is one measure of invasive practices in that location and con-stitutes an extrinsic risk factor for health care-associ-ated infection6 DU also may serve as a marker for severity of illness of patients that is patients intrinsic susceptibility to infection

Procedure-Associated module

IPs select from the NHSN operative procedure cate-gory list those inpatient andor outpatient procedures for which they decide to monitor surgical patients for SSIs or postprocedure pneumonias (PPPs) During the month chosen for surveillance data are collected on ev-ery patient undergoing procedures within the selected procedure category including information on risk fac-tors for SSI such as duration of procedure in minutes

by hospital type and bed size

category

501-1000 1000

N () N () Total

73 (47)

22 (14)

7 (05)

17 (11)

119 (76)

3 (02)

0 (00)

1 (01)

4 (03)

269 (174)

155 (100)

162 (105)

959 (621)

1545 (100)

the majority of medical students rotate through multiple clinical services Graduate

or fellowships) Limited Hospital is used in the medical schoolrsquos teaching program to

Edwards et al 785wwwajicjournalorgVol 37 No 10

Table 3 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of laboratory-confirmed central linendashassociated BSI rates andcentral line utilization ratios by type of location DA module 2006 through 2008

Central linendashassociated BSI ratey

Percentile

No of No of Central Pooled 50

Type of location locations CLABSI line-days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 35 390 70932 55 00 12 31 75 118

Medical cardiac 228 (221) 876 436409 20 00 00 13 25 46

Medical major teaching 125 1410 549088 26 01 11 23 37 52

Medical all others 153 (147) 687 362388 19 00 00 10 24 43

Medicalsurgical major teaching 182 (181) 1474 699300 21 00 06 17 29 46

Medicalsurgical all others 15 beds 718 (650) 1130 755437 15 00 00 00 18 37

Neurologic 24 (23) 61 45153 14 00 00 10 19 32

Neurosurgical 72 396 160879 25 00 00 19 32 53

Pediatric cardiothoracic 18 195 58626 33

Pediatric medical 16 (15) 23 17321 13

Pediatric medicalsurgical 129 (123) 929z 314306 30 00 11 25 43 58

Respiratory 8 29 17223 17

Surgical 208 (207) 1683 729989 23 00 07 17 31 50

Surgical cardiothoracic 203 (202) 879 632769 14 00 02 08 19 33

Trauma 62 814 224864 36 00 14 30 55 93

Inpatient wards

Adult step-down unit (postcritical care) 145 (136) 299 141374 21 00 00 00 21 40

Behavioral healthpsychiatric 37 (13) 0 1803 00

Genitourinary 5 22 16902 13

Gerontology 5 4 2674 15

Gynecology 11 (8) 6 5694 11

Labor and delivery 20 (1) 0 255 00

Labor delivery recovery postpartum suite 32 (3) 0 555 00

Level I nursery 10 (2) 1 537 19

Level II nursery 5 (3) 1 979 10

Medical 201 (194) 422 278221 15 00 00 07 20 34

Medicalsurgical 617 (575) 733 618196 12 00 00 00 17 35

Neurologic 12 (10) 8 10723 07

Neurosurgical 15 (14) 12 13866 09

Orthopedic 56 (47) 32 40425 08 00 00 00 00 32

Pediatric medical 12 18 10232 18

Pediatric medicalsurgical 61 (31) 102 32581 31 00 00 00 27 47

Postpartum 36 (3) 0 943 00

Rehabilitation 121 (106) 39 47052 08 00 00 00 09 25

Surgical 93 (87) 189 132336 14 00 00 06 20 41

Vascular surgery 8 13 11345 11

Inpatient long-term care units

Long-term care 9 6 6030 10

Central line utilization ratiosect

Percentile

No of Central Pooled 50

Type of location locations line-days Patient- days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 35 70932 126826 056 029 039 051 078 083

Medical cardiac 228 436409 1096749 040 018 027 039 052 061

Medical all others 153 362388 801740 045 014 023 044 057 069

Medicalsurgical major teaching 182 699300 1178614 059 032 047 058 071 076

Medicalsurgical all others 15 beds 280 986982 1954008 051 028 040 052 061 070

Neurologic 24 45153 100840 045 019 029 044 056 067

(Continued)

786 Edwards et al American Journal of Infection ControlDecember 2009

Table 3 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurosurgical 72 160879 362881 044 028 036 044 057 066

Pediatric medicalsurgical 129 314306 655402 048 018 029 042 054 065

Respiratory 8 17223 29520 058

Surgical 208 729989 1230430 059 035 051 062 070 077

Surgical cardiothoracic 203 632769 893084 071 045 058 073 084 092

Trauma 62 224864 354494 063 041 054 062 069 077

Inpatient wards

Behavioral healthpsychiatric 37 (35) 1803 83545 002 001 001 002 004 005

Gerontology 5 2674 18567 014

Gynecology 11 (10) 5694 60466 009

Labor delivery recovery postpartum suite 32 (30) 555 16346 003 000 001 002 003 012

Level I nursery 10 (8) 537 5225 010

Level II nursery 5 979 3972 025

Medical 201 (200) 278221 1408507 020 006 009 017 024 034

Neurologic 12 10723 69343 015

Neurosurgical 15 13866 83780 017

Orthopedic 56 (54) 40425 343273 012 003 005 006 010 017

Pediatric medical 12 10232 59826 020 002 003 006 014 026

Pediatric medicalsurgical 61 (58) 32581 165571 017

Postpartum 36 (35) 943 67780 001 000 001 001 002 003

Rehabilitation 121 (120) 47052 570671 008 003 005 008 011 017

Surgical 93 132336 664399 020 005 010 016 024 032

Long-term care 9 6030 63417 010

BSI bloodstream infection CLABSI central line-associated BSI

Number of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than the total number of locations If this number 20 then percentile distributions are

not calculatedNumber of CLABSIy5 31000number of central line-days

zIncludes 6 clinical sepsis BSIssect5

Number of central line-daysnumber of patient-days

wound class and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score4 Unlike the NNIS system the NHSN opera-tive procedure list does not include lsquolsquocatchallrsquorsquo proce-dure categories such as lsquolsquoOCVS other cardiovascularrsquorsquo

Eleven new inpatient proceduresmdashAMP HTP KTP LTP NECK NEPH OVRY PRST SPLE THOR and THYRmdashand 6 outpatient proceduresmdashAPPY BRST CHOL FX KPRO and VHYSmdashhad sufficient data to be included in this report (see Table 22 for description and data)

Medication-Associated module

For certain locations facilities choose to report susceptibility data for selected organisms andor anti-microbial use data for selected agents Data from this module were reported separately7

RESULTS

There were 2027 facilities eligible to report to NHSN at the end of 2008 of which 1665 had filed monthly report-ing plans signaling their intent to follow one or more of the Patient Safety Component modules for at least 1 month From this group a total of 1545 hospitals and 20 outpatient surgery centers had reported at least de-nominator data for some patient cohorts under surveil-lance during 2006 to 2008 These 1545 hospitals are located in 48 states and the District of Columbia and are predominantly general acute care hospitals with a mix of bed sizes and medical school affiliations (Tables 1 and 2) For the DA module where data volume was suf-ficient for this report we tabulated device-associated in-fection rates and device utilization (DU) ratios for January

Table 4 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of laboratory-confirmed permanent and temporary centrallinendashassociated BSI rates and central line utilization ratios by type of location DA module 2006 through 2008

Permanent central linendashassociated BSI rate

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

PCLABS

Permanent

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Specialty care areas

Bone marrow transplant

Hematologyoncology

Long-term acute care

Pediatric hematologyoncology

Solid organ transplant

43 (33)

Temporary central linendashassociated BSI ratez

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

TCLABS

Temporary

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

18 (17)

33 (31)

67 (64)

149298

Permanent central line utilization ratiosect

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Permanent

central

line-days Patient-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

Pediatric hematology

oncology

100520

258892

194796

Temporary central line utilization ratio

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Temporary

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

149298

238801

329928

BSI bloodstream infection PCLAB permanent central line-associated BSI TCLAB temporary central line-associated BSINumber of PCLAB5 31000Number of permanent central line-days

yNumber of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than the total number of locations If this number is 20 then percentile distributions are

not calculatedz5 Number of TCLAB 31000Number of temporary central line-dayssect5

Number of permanent central line-daysNumber of patient-days

5Number of temporary central line-daysNumber of patient-days

(Continued)

Table 5 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of urinary catheterndashassociated UTI rates and urinary catheterutilization ratios by type of location DA module 2006 through 2008

Urinary catheterndashassociated UTI rate

Percentile

No of No of Urinary Pooled 50

Type of location locationsy CAUTI catheter-days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

Medicalsurgical all others 235 (230) 1586 459741 34 00 00 21 43 62

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Pediatric cardiothoracic 6 (5) 27 6079 44

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Bone marrow transplant 11 (10) 25 6495 38

Hematologyoncology 32 (31) 197 28702 69 01 19 42 88 118

Pediatric hematologyoncology 5 (3) 1 869 12

Long-term acute care 51 695 124487 56 07 17 40 91 143

Solid organ transplant 6 51 8312 61

Inpatient wards

Adult step-down unit (postcritical 130 (124) 1295 189265 68 02 26 56 103 132

Gerontology 5 (4) 5 2330 21

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

Labor and delivery 27 (22) 9 7539 12 00 00 00 18 62

Labor delivery recovery 57 (51) 35 17991 19 00 00 00 15 62

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Urinary catheter utilization ratioz

Percentile

No of Urinary Pooled 50

Type of location locationsy catheter-days Patient-days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

wwwajicjournalorg Edwards et al 789Vol 37 No 10

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Medicalsurgical all others 15 235 (233) 459741 717260 064 038 053 066 080 086

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Bone marrow transplant 11 6495 56182 012

Hematologyoncology 32 28702 141304 020 008 013 020 025 041

Pediatric hematologyoncology 5 869 21167 004

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

Labor and delivery 27 7539 38716 019 001 005 014 029 038

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Behavioral healthpsychiatric 5 603 61434 001

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

UTI urinary tract infection CAUTI urinary catheter-associated UTINumber of CAUTI5 31000Number of urinary catheter-days

not calculatedz5

Number of urinary catheter-daysNumber of patient-days

2006 through December 2008 (Tables 3 to 12) Data on select attributes of the device-associated infections are provided in Tables 13 to 20 For the PA module where suf-ficient data existed we tabulated procedure-associated infection rates for this same period (Tables 21 to 23)

Tables 3 to 6 update and augment previously pub-lished device-associated rates and DU ratios by type

of non-NICU locations1 For inclusion in these tables the pooled mean infection rates and DU ratios required data from at least 5 different locations of a given type For the percentile distributions data from at least 20 different locations were required excluding rates or DU ratios for locations that did not report at least 50 de-vice-days or patient-days Because of this the number

Table 6 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of ventilator-associated PNEU rates and ventilator utilizationratios by type of location DA module 2006 through 2008

Ventilator-associated PNEU rate

Percentile

No of No of Pooled 50

Type of location locationsy VAP Ventilator-days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Long-term acute care 28 (27) 50 43208 12 00 00 00 07 29

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Medicalsurgical 19 (11) 9 12421 07

Pulmonary 5 2 2129 09

Ventilator utilization ratioz

Percentile

No of Ventilator- Pooled 50

Type of location locationsy days Patient-days mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

PNEU pneumonia infection VAP ventilator-associated PNEUNumber of VAP5 31000Number of ventilator-days

yNumber of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than total the number of locations If this number is 20 then percentile distributions are

not calculatedz5

Number of ventilator-daysNumber of patient-days

Table 7 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of central linendashassociated BSI rates and central line utilizationratios for level III NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Central line-associated BSI rate

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Central line utilization ratioz

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

BSI bloodstream infection (includes laboratory-confirmed BSI and clinical sepsis BSI) CLABSI central linendashassociated BSINumber of CLABSI5 31000Number of permanent central line-days

yNumber of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than total number of locations If this number is 20 percentile distributions are not

calculatedz5

Number of central line-daysNumber of patient-days

Table 8 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of umbilical catheterndashassociated BSI rates and umbilicalcatheter utilization ratios for level III NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Umbilical catheter-associated BSI rate

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Umbilical catheter utilization ratioz

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days Patient-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

BSI bloodstream infection includes laboratory-confirmed BSI and clinical sepsis BSI UCAB umbilical catheter-associated BSINumber of CLABSI5 31000Number of umbilical catheter-days

not calculatedz5

Number of umbilical catheter-days Number of patient-days

Table 9 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of central linendashassociated BSI rates and central line utilizationratios for level IIIII NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

BSI bloodstream infection includes laboratory-confirmed BSI and clinical sepsis BSI CLABSI central line-associated BSINumber of CLABSI 31000Number of central line-days

not calculatedz5

Table 10 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of umbilical catheterndashassociated BSI rates and umbilicalcatheter utilization ratios for level IIIII NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

BSI bloodstream infection (includes laboratory-confirmed BSI and clinical sepsis BSI) UCAB umbilical catheter-associated BSINumber of UCAB5 31000Number of umbilical catheter-days

yNumber of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than total number of locations If this number 20 percentile distributions are not

calculatedz5

Number of umbilical catheter-daysNumber of patient-days

Table 11 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of ventilator-associated PNEU rates and ventilatorutilization ratios for level III NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Table 12 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of ventilator-associated PNEU rates and ventilatorutilization ratios for level IIIII NICUs DA module 2006 through 2008

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

yNumber of locations meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than the total number of locations If this number 20 then percentile distributions are

not calculatedz5

Table 13 Distribution of criteria for central linendashassociated laboratory-confirmed BSI by location 2006 through 2008

Type of location Criterion 1 Criterion 2 Criterion 3 Total

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Medical cardiac 707 807 169 193 876

Medical major teaching 1232 874 178 126 1410

Medical all others 547 796 140 204 687

Medicalsurgical major teaching 1097 744 377 256 1474

Medicalsurgical all others 15 beds 844 747 286 253 1130

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Neurosurgical 305 770 91 230 396

Pediatric cardiothoracic 171 877 23 118 1 05 195

Pediatric medical 20 870 3 130 23

Pediatric medicalsurgical 770 834 152 165 1 01 923

Respiratory 26 897 3 103 29

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Surgical cardiothoracic 680 774 199 226 879

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Adult step-down unit (postcritical care) 239 799 60 201 299

Genitourinary 14 636 8 364 22

Gerontology 3 750 1 250 4

Gynecology 4 667 2 333 6

Level I nursery 1 1000 1

Level II nursery 1 1000 1

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Medicalsurgical 560 764 173 236 733

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Pediatric medicalsurgical 72 706 30 294 102

Rehabilitation 29 744 10 256 39

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Vascular surgery 6 462 7 538 13

Long-term care 5 833 1 167 6

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

NOTE LCBI criterion 1 Patient has a recognized pathogen cultured from one or more blood cultures and organism cultured from blood is not related to an infection at

another site3

LCBI criterion 2 Patient has at least one of the following signs or symptoms fever (388C) chills or hypotension and signs and symptoms and positive laboratory results are not

related to an infection at another site and common skin contaminant (ie diphtheroids [Corynebacterium spp] Bacillus [not B anthracis] spp Propionibacterium spp coagulase-negative

staphylococci [including S epidermidis] viridans group streptococci Aerococcus spp Micrococcus spp) is cultured from 2 or more blood cultures drawn on separate occasions3

LCBI criterion 3 Patient age 1 year has at least one of the following signs or symptoms fever (388C core) hypothermia (368C core) apnea or bradycardia and signs and

symptoms and positive laboratory results are not related to an infection at another site and common skin contaminant (ie diphtheroids [Corynebacterium spp] Bacillus [not B

anthracis] spp Propionibacterium spp coagulase-negative staphylococci [including S epidermidis] viridans group streptococci Aerococcus spp Micrococcus spp) is cultured from 2

or more blood cultures drawn on separate occasions3

BSI bloodstream infection LCBI laboratory-confirmed BSI

Six CSEPs reported from these locations

of locations contributing data may vary among the ta-bles Laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (LCBI) criteria 2b and 3b were discontinued in January 2008 therefore the CLABSI rate tables exclude all BSIs that were reported using these criteria in 2006-2007 An exception to this occurred in pediatric medical surgical ICU where 6 CLABSIs were reported using the clinical sepsis criteria for neonates

Tables 7 to 12 update and augment the previously published device-associated rates and DU ratios by birth-weight category for NICU locations1 For NICUs in the DA module device-days consist of the total number of central line-days umbilical catheter-days or ventilator-days Each of the pooled mean rates in NICUs required data from at least 5 different locations for a given type of nursery and birth-weight

Table 14 Distribution of criteria for permanent and temporary central linendashassociated laboratory confirmed BSI bylocation 2006 through 2008

Type of location Criterion 1 Criterion 2 Total

Permanent central line

Bone marrow transplant 176 749 59 251 235

Hematologyoncology 104 658 54 342 158

Long-term acute care 35 921 3 79 38

Pediatric hematologyoncology 56 747 19 253 75

Solid organ transplant 4 364 7 636 11

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Temporary central line

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

category For percentile distributions data from at least 20 different locations were required excluding rates or DU ratios for locations that did not report at least 50 device-days or patient-days Because of this the number of units contributing data varies in the tables

Tables 13 to 20 provide data on select attributes of the device-associated infections for each location For example Tables 13 14 17 and 18 show the frequency and percent distribution of the specific sites of BSI and the criterion used for identifying these infections Note that for adult and pediatric ICUs and wards only labo-ratory-confirmed BSI are allowed and shown unless neonates are included in pediatric wards in which case a BSI may be reported using clinical sepsis criteria Otherwise clinical sepsis is only included as a valid BSI event for neonates in NICU A total of 6 device-associ-ated clinical sepsis BSIs for pediatric medicalsurgical ICU were reported

Table 21 provides data on PPP rates by procedure Note that although pooled means and percentile distri-butions are included the volume of data is still low and the rates should be considered provisional

Tables 22 and 23 update and augment previously published SSI rates by operative procedure type and NNIS risk index categories1 For inclusion in these tables the pooled mean infection rates required data from at least 5 different hospitals For the percentile dis-tributions data from at least 20 different hospitals were required therefore PPPor SSI rates for hospitals that did not report at least 20 NHSN operative procedures for a given type of NHSN procedure were excluded

DISCUSSION

The characteristics of hospitals reporting to NHSN continue to evolve since the first report was published8

including a sustained influx of smaller hospitals This trend is likely due to 2 factors (1) mandatory HAI reporting laws in Colorado Connecticut Delaware Illinois Massachusetts Maryland Oklahoma Pennsyl-vania Tennessee Virginia and Washington that require data to be reported through NHSN to their respective re-sponsible state agencies and (2) opening of enrollment in NHSN to all hospitals regardless of size beginning in June 2007 As more states opt to use NHSN as their operational system for mandatory HAI reporting requirements and as enrollment is opened to more types of facilities (eg long-term acute care and outpa-tient [ambulatory] surgery centers) an even more diverse group of health care facilities may report to NHSN in the future

Comparing these data to the last NHSN Report re-veal several differences in the reported data All CLABSI rates exclude BSIs reported using criterion 2b or 3b due to a recent change in the BSI definition3

This allows unpublished hospital-specific CLABSI rates collected using the changed BSI definition to be com-pared directly to the aggregate data included in this report Another important change is the differing com-position of reporting hospitals which is apparent in the nearly 3-fold increase in the number of medical surgical ICUs from nonmajor teaching hospitals reporting CLABSI rates that are now stratified into 2 unit bed size groups In these 2 types of ICUs the

Table 15 Distribution of specific sites of urinary catheterndashassociated UTI by location 2006 through 2008

Type of location ASB SUTI Total

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Pediatric cardiothoracic 9 333 18 667 27

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Behavioral healthpsychiatric 18 818 4 182 22

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Labor and delivery 3 333 6 667 9

Labor delivery recovery postpartum suite 12 343 23 657 35

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

ASB asymptomatic bacteriuria UTI urinary tract infection SUTI symptomatic UTI

pooled mean CLABSI rates were 15 CLABSIs per 1000 central line-days however their distributions are sta-tistically significantly different from each other Fur-thermore the pooled mean CAUTI and VAP rates along with their distributions were significantly differ-ent as well The relatively large number of medical surgical ICUs reporting from nonndashmajor teaching hospitals was an important factor that enabled this further stratification There has been increased report-ing of device-associated infections from inpatient wards which is apparent in the 5-fold increase in the number of medical wards reporting CLABSI rates In this type of inpatient ward the pooled mean

CLABSI rate was reduced from 18 to 15 CLABSIs per 1000 central line-days This reduction may be due to the definition change the increased contribu-tion of data from smaller hospitals that generally have lower risks of HAI and an increase in the imple-mentation and effectiveness of HAI prevention strate-gies9 As the number and types of inpatient wards and specialty care areas reporting data grow over time we will continue to be better able to characterize the risk of device-associated infections among these patients

In this report several of the device-associated rates in NICUs were lower compared with the previous report1 Furthermore though the number of device

Table 16 Distribution of specific sites of ventilator-associated pneumonia by location 2006 through 2008

Type of location PNU1 PNU2 PNU3 Total

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Medical major teaching 531 770 151 219 8 12 690

Medical all others 257 646 138 347 3 08 398

Medicalsurgical major teaching 708 648 383 350 2 02 1093

Medicalsurgical all others 15 beds 336 541 279 449 6 10 621

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Pediatric medical 8 1000 0 00 0 00 8

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Surgical cardiothoracic 476 573 346 416 9 11 831

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Long-term acute care 42 840 7 140 1 20 50

Inpatient wards

Adult step-down unit (postcritical care) 46 821 9 161 1 18 56

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Medicalsurgical 7 778 2 222 0 00 9

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

PNU1 clinically defined pneumonia PNU2 pneumonia with specific laboratory findings PNU3 pneumonia in immunocompromised patients

Table 17 Distribution of specific sites and criteria for device-associated BSI among level III NICUs by birthweight 2006through 2008

Birth-weight category Criterion 1 Criterion 2 Criterion 3 CSEP Total

Central linendashassociated BSI

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

Umbilical catheterndashassociated BSI

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

BSI bloodstream infection LCBI laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection CSEP clinical sepsis

Table 18 Distribution of specific sites and criteria for device-associated BSI among level IIIII NICUs by birthweight 2006through 2008

Central line-associated BSI

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

Table 19 Distribution of specific sites of ventilator-associated pneumonia among level III NICUs by birth weight 2006through 2008

Birth-weight category PNU1 PNU2 PNU3 Total

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

PNU1 clinically defined pneumonia3 PNU2 pneumonia with specific laboratory findings3 PNU3 pneumonia in immunocompromised patients3

Table 20 Distribution of specific sites of ventilator-associated pneumonia among level IIIII NICUs by birthweight 2006through 2008

Birth weight category PNU1 PNU2 PNU3 Total

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

days and patient days nearly doubled in each birth-weight group the device utilization ratios stayed essen-tially the same This suggests that prevention efforts may be having the desired effects910

Tables 13 to 20 were included to aid the reader in interpreting the device-associated infection rates data One important use of these data is to aid under-standing of the distribution of device-associated

Table 21 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of post-procedure pneumonia rates by operativeprocedure category PA module 2006 through 2008

PPP rate among inpatient procedures

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

procedure description

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

Atrioventricular shunt

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

Coronary bypass with chest

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

graft with chest incision

Carotid endarterectomy

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Open reduction of fracture

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Abdominal hysterectomy

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Vaginal hysterectomy

Ventricular shunt

Exploratory abdominal

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

PPP post-procedure pneumonia

Per 100 operationsyNumber of hospitals meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than the total number of hospitals If this number is 20 then percentile distributions are

not calculated

infections by type of reporting criterion For example most of the CLABSIs from adult and pediatric ICU and inpatient wards were identified using the most objec-tive criterion (1) however for NICUs fewer than two-

thirds used this criterion Similarly the specific site of ventilator-associated pneumonia most frequently reported regardless of location was the clinical crite-rion (PNU1) However in adult and pediatric locations

Table 22 Pooled means and key percentiles of the distribution of SSI rates by operative procedure and risk index categories PA module 2006 through 2008

Percentiles

Procedure

code Operative procedure description

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Inpatient procedures

AAA Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair 217 0 1 41 (18) 1465 31 212

AMP Limb amputation 81 0 1 15 (8) 560 7 125

APPY Appendix surgery 81 0 1 31 (22) 5211 60 115 000 000 060 123 276

APPY Appendix surgery 81 2 3 27 (9) 663 23 347

AVSD AV shunt for dialysis 112 0 1 2 3 16 (8) 868 11 127

BILI Bile duct liver or pancreatic surgery 321 0 1 14 (7) 595 48 807

BRST Breast surgery 196 0 22 (9) 1478 14 095

BRST Breast surgery 196 2 3 15 (5) 236 15 636

CARD Cardiac surgery 306 0 1 150 (124) 21555 238 110 000 000 049 164 260

CBGB Coronary bypass with chest and donor incision 301 0 135 (4) 1738 6 035

CBGB Coronary bypass with chest and donor incision 301 1 292 (264) 91007 2319 255 000 065 190 345 537

CBGC Coronary bypass graft with chest incision 286 0 1 246 (110) 8771 120 137 000 000 000 247 455

CEA Carotid endarterectomy 124 0 1 2 3 36 (26) 4536 15 033 000 000 000 050 112

CHOL Gallbladder surgery 99 0 96 (61) 6481 15 023 000 000 000 000 086

CHOL Gallbladder surgery 99 2 3 92 (28) 2445 42 172 000 000 000 323 473

COLO Colon surgery 187 0 278 (177) 17126 683 399 000 158 349 556 873

COLO Colon surgery 187 3 207 (14) 1468 139 947

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

CSEC Cesarean section 56 0 59 (54) 20743 303 146 000 031 107 269 407

CSEC Cesarean section 56 2 3 52 (15) 1256 48 382

FUSN Spinal fusion 239 0 113 (82) 20059 140 070 000 000 024 104 184

FUSN Spinal fusion 239 2 3 100 (52) 4511 187 415 000 164 335 566 711

FX Open reduction of fracture 138 0 39 (25) 3600 40 111 000 000 000 113 243

FX Open reduction of fracture 138 2 3 36 (10) 1249 42 336

GAST Gastric surgery 160 0 1 40 (29) 6350 109 172 000 070 121 257 358

HER Herniorrhaphy 124 0 89 (32) 2852 21 074 000 000 000 108 191

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

HER Herniorrhaphy 124 2 3 72 (13) 1277 67 525

HPRO Hip prosthesis 120 0 627 (345) 49576 334 067 000 000 000 096 209

HPRO Hip prosthesis 120 2 3 600 (204) 15769 379 240 000 000 187 370 583

HTP Heart transplant 377 0 1 2 3 10 (6) 366 12 328

HYST Abdominal hysterectomy 143 0 348 (233) 33477 367 110 000 000 032 166 289

HYST Abdominal hysterectomy 143 2 3 258 (55) 3779 153 405 000 000 341 486 721

KPRO Knee prosthesis 119 0 494 (336) 70675 409 058 000 000 000 068 150

KPRO Knee prosthesis 119 2 3 484 (236) 20855 333 160 000 000 081 238 417

KTP Kidney transplant 237 0 1 10 (9) 1226 45 367

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

LTP Liver transplant 414 0 1 7 (3) 620 72 1161

NECK Neck surgery 363 0 1 10 (2) 488 8 164

NEPH Kidney surgery 257 0 1 11 (7) 570 5 088

OVRY Ovarian surgery 183 0 1 14 (12) 2584 11 043

PACE Pacemaker surgery 73 0 1 2 3 17 (10) 3403 15 044

PRST Prostate surgery 245 0 1 14 (7) 895 8 089

PVBY Peripheral vascular bypass surgery 221 0 46 (4) 410 12 293

PVBY Peripheral vascular bypass surgery 221 1 2 3 56 (45) 5792 404 698 000 275 463 847 1241

REC Rectal surgery 252 0 16 (5) 346 12 347

REC Rectal surgery 252 1 2 19 (7) 776 62 799

RFUSN Refusion of spine 310 0 1 41 (14) 863 20 232

SB Small bowel surgery 192 0 29 (10) 843 29 344

SB Small bowel surgery 192 1 2 3 32 (17) 3378 228 675

SPLE Spleen surgery 217 0 1 2 3 15 (3) 257 6 233

THOR Thoracic surgery 188 0 1 15 (11) 1440 11 076

THYR Thyroid andor parathyroid surgery 150 0 1 2 3 11 (8) 1168 3 026

VHYS Vaginal hysterectomy 133 0 158 (89) 12413 90 073 000 000 000 092 207

VHYS Vaginal hysterectomy 133 1 2 3 149 (70) 6456 75 116 000 000 000 179 305

VSHN Ventricular shunt 79 0 23 (10) 867 35 404

VSHN Ventricular shunt 79 1 2 3 24 (17) 4270 253 593

XLAP Exploratory abdominal surgery 199 0 1 29 (17) 3538 59 167

Outpatient procedures

APPY Appendix surgery 58 0 1 2 3 8 (3) 233 2 086

BRST Breast surgery 122 1 2 3 7 (3) 659 7 106

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Table 22 (Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

Procedure cutpoint index No of No of No of Pooled 50

code Operative procedure description minutes category hospitalsy procedures SSI mean 10 25 (median) 75 90

CHOL Gallbladder surgery 65 1 2 3 71 (42) 4379 15 034 000 000 000 000 047

FX Open reduction of fracture 105 0 1 2 3 12 (6) 715 2 028

HER Herniorrhaphy 63 0 1 99 (69) 10305 47 046 000 000 000 023 115

KPRO Knee prosthesis 131 0 1 2 3 7 (0) 16 0 000

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

VHYS Vaginal hysterectomy 117 0 1 2 3 5 (1) 44 0 000

SSI surgical site infection

Per 100 operationsyNumber of hospitals meeting minimum requirements for percentile distributions if less than the total number of hospitals If this number is 20 then percentile distributions are not calculated

Table 23 SSI rates following coronary artery bypass graft procedure by risk index category and specific site PA module 2006 through 2008

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Infection site No SSI Rate No SSI Rate No SSI Rate No SSI Rate

Secondary (donor site)

Superficial incisional

Deep incisional

Primary (chest site)

Deep incisional

Organspace

NOTE Denominators for the risk categories are as follows category 0 1738 category 1 91007 category 2 30204 category 3 106

CBGB coronary artery bypass graft with primary (chest) and secondary (donor) incisions

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

wwwajicjournalorgVol 37 No 10

Edwards et al 803

nearly 40 of ventilator-associated pneumonias re-ported used the more rigorous criteria of PNU2 and PNU3 The specific site of catheter-associated UTI was equally reported between symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria However the distinction between symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteri-uria is often only the presence of fever which can be difficult to attribute completely to infection versus other processes in critically ill patients For this rea-son beginning in 2009 the criteria for UTI have been modified to eliminate all asymptomatic bacteri-uria except those few in which a secondary BSI was present4

We assessed the potential impact of mandatory re-porting on the pooled mean CLABSI rates for those types of ICUs required by law to report these infections in Col-orado Connecticut Delaware Illinois Massachusetts Maryland New York Oklahoma Pennsylvania South Carolina Tennessee Vermont Virginia and Washing-ton and found no consistent significant differences with or without these states data

In this second report of pooled mean PPP rates we find that they remain very low ranging from 0 for vaginal hysterectomy to 141 for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair procedures Even though the volume of procedures and list of procedure types nearly dou-bled compared with the last report these rates should still be considered provisional due to the limited num-ber of pneumonia infections for most procedures

The risk of SSI varies by procedure and risk category as reported previously (Table 22)1 The cutpoint for the duration of procedure is the exact 75th percentile of that distribution shown in minutes and allows for a more precise determination of the duration factor when assigning the NNIS risk index level

Compared with the last NHSN Report these SSI rates were very similar or slightly lower However the group-ings of the risk index categories have changed for many procedures which has an impact on the SSI rates re-ported in Table 22 For example the risk index cate-gories for cesarean section were changed from 0 versus 1 2 3 to 0 versus 1 versus 2 3 In addition we as-sessed the potential impact of mandatory reporting on the SSI rates for those procedure types with required SSI reporting in Colorado Massachusetts New York Pennsylvania South Carolina Tennessee and Vermont and found no consistent significant differences with or without these states data There was insufficient evi-dence to warrant further stratification by mandatory versus voluntary reporting status As more and diverse types of facilities participate in NHSN either voluntarily or by mandate the need for careful scrutiny of the data increases We will continue to assess how the changing composition of facilities the changing proportion of data contributed by various types of facilities and the

effects of validation efforts by mandatory reporting states impact the rates and their distributions so that the best possible risk-adjusted comparative data may be provided in future reports

If you would like to compare your hospitalrsquos rates and ratios with those in this report you must first collect in-formation from your hospital in accordance with the methods described for NHSN2-4 You should also refer to Appendices A and B for further instructions Appen-dix A discusses the calculation of infection rates and DU ratios for the DA module Appendix B gives a step-by-step method for interpretation of percentiles of in-fection rates or DU ratios Although a high rate or ratio (90th percentile) does not necessarily define a prob-lem it does suggest an area for further investigation Similarly a low rate or ratio (10th percentile) may be the result of inadequate infection detection

Facilities should use the data in this report or their own data to guide local prevention strategies and other quality improvement efforts aimed at reducing the oc-currence of infections as much as possible

We are indebted to the NHSN participants for their ongoing efforts to monitor infec-tions and improve patient safety We also gratefully acknowledge our colleagues in theDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion who tirelessly support this unique publichealth network

References

1 Edwards JR Peterson KD Andrus ML Dudeck MA Pollock DA

Horan TC National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report

data summary for 2006 through 2007 issued November 2008 Am J

Infect Control 200836609ndash26

2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Outline for healthcare-

associated infection surveillance Available from httpwwwcdc

govncidoddhqppdfsurveillanceOutlineForHAISurveillancepdf Ac-

cessed October 5 2009

3 Horan TC Andrus M Dudeck MA CDCNHSN surveillance defini-

tion of health carendashassociated infection and criteria for specific types

of infections in the acute care setting Am J Infect Control 200835

309-32

4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention NHSN manual patient

safety component protocols Available from httpwwwcdcgov

nhsnlibraryhtmlpsc Accessed September 20 2009

5 Klevens RM Edwards JR Andrus ML Peterson KD Dudeck MA

Horan TC and NHSN participants in Outpatient Dialysis Surveillance

Dialysis Surveillance Report National Healthcare Safety Network

(NHSN)mdashData Summary for 2006 Semin Dialysis 20082124-8

6 Jarvis WR Edwards JR Culver DH Hughes JM Horan T Emori TG

et al Nosocomial infection rates in adult and pediatric intensive

care units in the United States Am J Med 199191(Suppl 3B)

185S-91S

7 Hidron AI Edwards JR Patel J Horan TC Sievert DM Pollock DA et al

Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated

infections annual summary of data reported to the National Healthcare

Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2006ndash2007 Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 200829996-1011

8 Edwards JR Peterson KD Andrus MA Tolson JS Goulding JS Dudeck

MA et al National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report data

summary for 2006 issued June 2007 Am J Infect Control 200735

290-301

9 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines for the pre-

vention of intravascular catheter-related infections Morb Mortal

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

10 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines for prevent-

ing healthcarendashassociated pneumonia 2003 recommendation of CDC

and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee

Morb Mortal Weekly Rep 200453(RR-3)1-23

APPENDIX A HOW TO CALCULATE A DEVICE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION RATE AND DEVICEUTILIZATION RATIO WITH DA MODULE DATA

Calculation of device-associated infection rate

Step 1 Decide on the time period for your analysis It may be a month a quarter 6 months a year or some other period

Step 2 Select the patient population for analysis (eg the type of location or a birth-weight category in a NICU)

Step 3 Select the infections to be included in the numerator They must be site-specific and must have occurred in the selected patient population Their date of onset must be during the selected time period

Step 4 Determine the number of device-days which is used as the denominator of the rate Device-days are the total number of days of exposure to the device (central line umbilical catheter ventilator or urinary catheter) by all of the patients in the selected popula-tion during the selected time period

Example Five patients on the first day of the month had one or more central lines in place five on day 2 two on day 3 five on day 4 three on day 5 four on day 6 and four on day 7 Adding the number of pa-tients with central lines on days 1 through 7 we would have 5 1 5 1 2 1 5 1 3 1 4 1 4 5 28 central line-days for the first week If we continued for the entire month the number of central line-days for the month is simply the sum of the daily counts

Step 5 Calculate the device-associated infection rate (per 1000 device-days) using the following formula

Device-associated infection rate5

number of device-associated infections

for an infection site31000

Onumber of device-days

Example Central line-associated BSI rate per 1000 central line-days 5 number of central line-associated BSIs 3 1000 O number of central line-days

Calculation of DU ratio

Steps 1 2 and 4 Same as device-associated infec-tion rates plus determine the number of patient-days

which is used as the denominator of the DU ratio Pa-tient-days are the total number of days that patients are in the location during the selected time period

Example Ten patients were in the unit on the first day of the month 12 on day 2 11 on day 3 13 on day 4 10 on day 5 6 on day 6 and 10 on day 7 and so on If we counted the patients in the unit from days 1 through 7 we would add 10 112 111 113 110 1 6 110 for a total of 72 patient-days for the first week of the month If we continued for the entire month the number of patient-days for the month is simply the sum of the daily counts

Step 5 Calculate the DU ratio with the following formula

DU ratio 5 number of device-days

O number of patient-days

With the number of device-days and patient-days from the examples above DU 5 2872 5 039 or 39 of patient-days were also central line-days for the first week of the month

Step 6 Examine the size of the denominator for your hospitalrsquos rate or ratio Rates or ratios may not be good es-timates of the lsquolsquotruersquorsquo rate or ratio for your hospital if the de-nominator is small (ie 50 device-days or patient-days)

Step 7 Compare your hospitalrsquos location-specific rates or ratios with those found in the tables of this report Refer to Appendix B for interpretation of the percentiles of the ratesratios

APPENDIX B INTERPRETATION OFPERCENTILES OF INFECTION RATES OR DEVICEUTILIZATION RATIOS

Step 1 Evaluate the rate (ratio) you have calculated for your hospital and confirm that the variables in the rate (both numerator and denominator) are identi-cal to the rates (ratios) in the table

Step 2 Examine the percentiles in each of the tables and look for the 50th percentile (or median) At the 50th percentile 50 of the hospitals have lower rates (ratios) than the median and 50 have higher rates (ratios)

Step 3 Determine if your hospitalrsquos rate (ratio) is above or below this median

Determining whether your hospitalrsquos rate orratio is a high outlier

Step 4 If it is above the median determine whether the rate (ratio) is above the 75th percentile At the 75th percentile 75 of the hospitals had lower rates (ratios) and 25 of the hospital had higher rates (ratios)

Step 5 If the rate (ratio) is above the 75th percentile determine whether it is above the 90th percentile If it

is then the rate (ratio) is an outlier which may indicate a problem

Determining whether your hospitalrsquos rate orratio is a low outlier

Step 6 If it is below the median determine whether the rate (ratio) is below the 25th percentile At the 25th percentile 25 of the hospitals had lower rates (ratios) and 75 of the hospitals had higher rates (ratios)

Step 7 If the rate (ratio) is below the 25th percentile determine whether it is below the 10th percentile If the rate is then it is a low outlier which may be due to underreporting of infections If the ratio is below

the 10th percentile it is a low outlier and may be due to infrequent andor short duration of device use

Note Device-associated infection rates and device utili-zation ratios should be examined together so that preven-tive measures may be appropriately targeted For example you find that the ventilator-associated pneumo-nia rate for a certain type of ICU is consistently above the 90th percentile and the ventilator utilization ratio is rou-tinely between the 75th and 90th percentiles Because the ventilator is a significant risk factor for pneumonia you may want to limit the duration of ventilation when-ever possible (ie decrease unnecessary use) while at the same time optimize infection prevention strategies in patients for which ventilator use is required

National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report Data summary for 2006 through 2008 issued December 2009

Methods




Results

Discussion

References

Appendix A How to calculate a device-associated infection rate and device utilization ratio with DA module data



Appendix B Interpretation of percentiles of infection rates or device utilization ratios

Determining whether your hospitalrsquos rate or ratio is a high outlier

Determining whether your hospitalrsquos rate or ratio is a low outlier

784 Edwards et al

Table 1 NHSN hospitals contributing data used in thisreport

Hospital type N ()

Childrenrsquos 38 (25)

General including acute trauma and teaching 1389 (899)

Long-term acute care 27 (17)

Military 9 (06)

Oncology 8 (05)

Orthopedic 8 (05)

Psychiatric 8 (05)

Rehabilitation 17 (11)

Surgical 1 (01)

Veterans Affairs 31 (20)

Womenrsquos 4 (03)

Womenrsquos and childrenrsquos 5 (03)

Total 1545 (100)

American Journal of Infection ControlDecember 2009

infections (BSIs) ventilator-associated pneumonias or urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) that occur in patients staying in a patient care location such as a critical care or intensive care unit (ICU) specialty care area (SCA) or ward In NHSN these locations are further characterized according to patient population adults children or infants (in tables pedi-atric and nursery locations are so noted) In neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) locations (level III or level IIIII) IPs collect data on central line-associated and umbilical catheterndashassociated primary bloodstream in-fections or ventilator-associated pneumonia for each of 5 birth-weight categories (750 g 751-1000 g 1001-1500 g 1501-2500 g and 2500 g) Corresponding location-specific denominator data consisting of pa-tient-days and specific device-days are also collected by IPs or other trained personnel

Twenty-one new locationsmdashpediatric cardiotho-racic ICU respiratory ICU behavioral health ward genitourinary ward gerontology ward gynecology ward labor and delivery ward labor delivery recov-ery postpartum ward neurology ward neurosurgical ward orthopedic ward pediatric medicalsurgical

Table 2 NHSN hospitals contributing data used in this report

Bed size

200 201-500

Hospital type N () N ()

Major teaching

Graduate teaching

Limited teaching

Nonteaching

83 (54)

73 (47)

96 (62)

730 (472)

982 (636)

110 (71)

60 (38)

59 (38)

211 (137)

440 (285)

NOTE Major Hospital is an important part of the teaching program of a medical school and

Hospital is used by the medical school for graduate training programs only (ie residency and

only a limited extent

ward pediatric medical ward postpartum ward vascular surgery ward level I nursery level II nursery long-term care unit long-term acute care SCA solid organ transplant SCA and pediatric hematologyoncol-ogy SCAmdashhad sufficient data to be included in this report Among these new locations only pediatric medicalsurgical ward comprised sufficient data to provide key percentiles of the distributions of central line-associated bloodstream and catheter-associated UTI rate and DU ratios

The data for adult combined medicalsurgical ICUs were split into two groups by type of hospital lsquolsquomajor teachingrsquorsquo and lsquolsquoall othersrsquorsquo Major teaching status was defined as a hospital that is an important part of the teaching program of a medical school and the majority of medical students rotate through multiple clinical services The lsquolsquoall othersrsquorsquo group of adult combined medicalsurgical ICUs were further split into 2 groups by unit bed size 15 beds and 15 beds In addition the data for adult medical ICUs were split into 2 groups by type of hospital as defined above

In non-NICU locations the device-days consisted of the total number of central line-days urinary catheter-days or ventilator-days The DU of a location is one measure of invasive practices in that location and con-stitutes an extrinsic risk factor for health care-associ-ated infection6 DU also may serve as a marker for severity of illness of patients that is patients intrinsic susceptibility to infection

IPs select from the NHSN operative procedure cate-gory list those inpatient andor outpatient procedures for which they decide to monitor surgical patients for SSIs or postprocedure pneumonias (PPPs) During the month chosen for surveillance data are collected on ev-ery patient undergoing procedures within the selected procedure category including information on risk fac-tors for SSI such as duration of procedure in minutes

by hospital type and bed size

category

501-1000 1000

N () N () Total

73 (47)

22 (14)

7 (05)

17 (11)

119 (76)

3 (02)

0 (00)

1 (01)

4 (03)

269 (174)

155 (100)

162 (105)

959 (621)

1545 (100)

the majority of medical students rotate through multiple clinical services Graduate

or fellowships) Limited Hospital is used in the medical schoolrsquos teaching program to

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 35 390 70932 55 00 12 31 75 118

Medical cardiac 228 (221) 876 436409 20 00 00 13 25 46

Neurologic 24 (23) 61 45153 14 00 00 10 19 32

Neurosurgical 72 396 160879 25 00 00 19 32 53

Surgical 208 (207) 1683 729989 23 00 07 17 31 50

Trauma 62 814 224864 36 00 14 30 55 93

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 11 (8) 6 5694 11

Medical 201 (194) 422 278221 15 00 00 07 20 34

Neurologic 12 (10) 8 10723 07

Neurosurgical 15 (14) 12 13866 09

Orthopedic 56 (47) 32 40425 08 00 00 00 00 32

Postpartum 36 (3) 0 943 00

Rehabilitation 121 (106) 39 47052 08 00 00 00 09 25

Surgical 93 (87) 189 132336 14 00 00 06 20 41

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 35 70932 126826 056 029 039 051 078 083

Medical cardiac 228 436409 1096749 040 018 027 039 052 061

Neurologic 24 45153 100840 045 019 029 044 056 067

(Continued)

Table 3 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurosurgical 72 160879 362881 044 028 036 044 057 066

Respiratory 8 17223 29520 058

Surgical 208 729989 1230430 059 035 051 062 070 077

Trauma 62 224864 354494 063 041 054 062 069 077

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 2674 18567 014

Gynecology 11 (10) 5694 60466 009

Level I nursery 10 (8) 537 5225 010

Medical 201 (200) 278221 1408507 020 006 009 017 024 034

Neurologic 12 10723 69343 015

Orthopedic 56 (54) 40425 343273 012 003 005 006 010 017

Postpartum 36 (35) 943 67780 001 000 001 001 002 003

Rehabilitation 121 (120) 47052 570671 008 003 005 008 011 017

Surgical 93 132336 664399 020 005 010 016 024 032

Long-term care 9 6030 63417 010

RESULTS

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

PCLABS

Permanent

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

43 (33)

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

TCLABS

Temporary

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

18 (17)

33 (31)

67 (64)

149298

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Permanent

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

100520

258892

194796

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Temporary

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

149298

238801

329928

(Continued)

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 35 390 70932 55 00 12 31 75 118

Medical cardiac 228 (221) 876 436409 20 00 00 13 25 46

Neurologic 24 (23) 61 45153 14 00 00 10 19 32

Neurosurgical 72 396 160879 25 00 00 19 32 53

Surgical 208 (207) 1683 729989 23 00 07 17 31 50

Trauma 62 814 224864 36 00 14 30 55 93

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 11 (8) 6 5694 11

Medical 201 (194) 422 278221 15 00 00 07 20 34

Neurologic 12 (10) 8 10723 07

Neurosurgical 15 (14) 12 13866 09

Orthopedic 56 (47) 32 40425 08 00 00 00 00 32

Postpartum 36 (3) 0 943 00

Rehabilitation 121 (106) 39 47052 08 00 00 00 09 25

Surgical 93 (87) 189 132336 14 00 00 06 20 41

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 35 70932 126826 056 029 039 051 078 083

Medical cardiac 228 436409 1096749 040 018 027 039 052 061

Neurologic 24 45153 100840 045 019 029 044 056 067

(Continued)

Table 3 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurosurgical 72 160879 362881 044 028 036 044 057 066

Respiratory 8 17223 29520 058

Surgical 208 729989 1230430 059 035 051 062 070 077

Trauma 62 224864 354494 063 041 054 062 069 077

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 2674 18567 014

Gynecology 11 (10) 5694 60466 009

Level I nursery 10 (8) 537 5225 010

Medical 201 (200) 278221 1408507 020 006 009 017 024 034

Neurologic 12 10723 69343 015

Orthopedic 56 (54) 40425 343273 012 003 005 006 010 017

Postpartum 36 (35) 943 67780 001 000 001 001 002 003

Rehabilitation 121 (120) 47052 570671 008 003 005 008 011 017

Surgical 93 132336 664399 020 005 010 016 024 032

Long-term care 9 6030 63417 010

RESULTS

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

PCLABS

Permanent

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

43 (33)

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

TCLABS

Temporary

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

18 (17)

33 (31)

67 (64)

149298

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Permanent

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

100520

258892

194796

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Temporary

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

149298

238801

329928

(Continued)

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Table 3 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurosurgical 72 160879 362881 044 028 036 044 057 066

Respiratory 8 17223 29520 058

Surgical 208 729989 1230430 059 035 051 062 070 077

Trauma 62 224864 354494 063 041 054 062 069 077

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 2674 18567 014

Gynecology 11 (10) 5694 60466 009

Level I nursery 10 (8) 537 5225 010

Medical 201 (200) 278221 1408507 020 006 009 017 024 034

Neurologic 12 10723 69343 015

Orthopedic 56 (54) 40425 343273 012 003 005 006 010 017

Postpartum 36 (35) 943 67780 001 000 001 001 002 003

Rehabilitation 121 (120) 47052 570671 008 003 005 008 011 017

Surgical 93 132336 664399 020 005 010 016 024 032

Long-term care 9 6030 63417 010

RESULTS

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

PCLABS

Permanent

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

43 (33)

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

TCLABS

Temporary

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

18 (17)

33 (31)

67 (64)

149298

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Permanent

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

100520

258892

194796

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Temporary

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

149298

238801

329928

(Continued)

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

PCLABS

Permanent

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

43 (33)

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

TCLABS

Temporary

central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

18 (17)

33 (31)

67 (64)

149298

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Permanent

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

100520

258892

194796

Percentile

Type of location

locationsy

Temporary

central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Hematologyoncology

oncology

149298

238801

329928

(Continued)

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







(Continued)

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 351 47584 74 26 38 62 116 123

Medical cardiac 108 1457 302388 48 00 21 41 63 94

15 beds

Neurologic 15 369 49681 74

Neurosurgical 32 938 135006 69 16 44 73 90 108

Surgical 95 2033 474506 43 07 17 34 55 91

Trauma 37 1151 212948 54 02 36 57 71 81

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 10 (9) 34 8356 41

postpartum suite

Medical 174 (170) 1570 232766 67 12 29 58 100 144

Neurologic 10 120 13228 91

Neurosurgical 14 (13) 151 17093 88

Orthopedic 53 522 86277 61 00 14 54 82 94

Postpartum 68 (65) 49 37003 13 00 00 00 26 43

Rehabilitation 123 (118) 1071 74481 144 00 65 145 247 352

Surgical 83 (82) 949 146387 65 00 27 54 86 118

Long-term care 11 (10) 60 14376 42

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 22 47584 78304 061 024 046 059 075 091

Medical cardiac 108 302388 536190 056 029 048 062 069 078

Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Table 5 (Continued)

Percentile

Neurologic 15 49681 64539 077

Neurosurgical 32 135006 176565 076 046 068 078 086 089

Surgical 95 474506 588523 081 063 075 082 088 094

Trauma 37 212948 240301 089 066 080 090 093 096

Inpatient wards

Gerontology 5 (4) 2330 9607 024

Gynecology 10 8356 46388 018

postpartum suite

Medical 174 232766 1182850 020 009 012 016 024 036

Neurologic 10 13228 62958 021

Orthopedic 53 (52) 86277 311694 028 013 021 026 036 042

Postpartum 68 37003 242277 015 007 011 015 019 034

Rehabilitation 123 (122) 74481 660670 011 004 006 008 012 018

Surgical 83 146387 555808 026 015 018 024 031 042

Long-term care 11 14376 87740 016

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 364 34088 107 00 24 74 131 151

Medical cardiac 129 (123) 366 174480 21 00 00 12 28 58

Neurologic 15 (13) 170 25528 67

Neurosurgical 42 407 76763 53 00 26 40 56 82

Surgical 127 (126) 1515 311739 49 00 18 38 65 99

Trauma 41 1173 145294 81 00 21 52 100 161

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 (6) 4 9783 04

Percentile

Critical care units

Burn 25 34088 90906 037 012 019 041 053 070

Medical cardiac 129 (128) 174480 636144 027 009 018 025 037 046

Neurologic 15 25528 66882 038

Neurosurgical 42 76763 212778 036 022 028 034 043 054

Respiratory 5 8748 18856 046

Surgical 127 311739 802912 039 021 028 037 050 058

Trauma 41 145294 255374 057 037 047 055 062 074

Inpatient wards

Medical 12 9783 63746 015

Pulmonary 5 2129 19601 011

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (124)

153 (133)

154 (136)

152 (117)

145 (106)

122272

111293

112926

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

line-days

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

142 (139)

153 (145)

154 (151)

152 (148)

145 (140)

122272

111293

112926

345082

348976

472563

547895

420114

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (108)

146 (111)

147 (122)

143 (107)

150 (111)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

141 (132)

146 (140)

147 (146)

143 (142)

150 (148)

298854

301167

420419

509693

437876

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

CLABSI

Central

line-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (75)

112 (84)

125 (93)

119 (73)

116 (60)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Central

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

96 (84)

112 (96)

125 (113)

119 (113)

116 (105)

152651

146195

227512

257820

180044

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

catheter-days

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (64)

111 (76)

123 (82)

123 (90)

127 (78)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Umbilical

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

101 (81)

111 (93)

123 (113)

123 (120)

127 (121)

120726

128376

201996

269661

208806

calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (72)

85 (73)

84 (68)

83 (57)

86 (61)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

81 (78)

85 (81)

84 (82)

83 (81)

86 (84)

203127

194123

260592

324770

256418

not calculatedz5

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (47)

63 (47)

67 (46)

70 (40)

69 (44)

Percentile

Birth-weight

category

locationsy

Ventilator-

Patient-

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

751-1000 g

1001-1500 g

1501-2500 g

2500 g

56 (49)

63 (56)

67 (63)

70 (69)

69 (66)

115307

147933

119087

not calculatedz5

Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Critical care units

Burn 344 882 46 118 390

Neurologic 49 803 12 197 61

Surgical 1358 807 325 193 1683

Trauma 700 860 114 140 814

Inpatient wards

Medical 338 801 84 199 422

Neurologic 8 1000 8

Orthopedic 21 656 11 344 32

Surgical 131 693 58 307 189

Total 11329 791 2995 209 2 00 14326

another site3

Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Total 375 725 142 275 517

Total 413 705 173 295 586

another site3

DISCUSSION

Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Critical care units

Burns 89 254 262 746 351

Medical cardiac 771 529 686 471 1457

Neurologic 204 553 165 447 369

Neurosurgical 319 340 619 660 938

Surgical 873 429 1160 571 2033

Trauma 327 284 824 716 1151

Inpatient wards

Gynecology 22 647 12 353 34

Medical 955 608 615 392 1570

Neurologic 67 558 53 442 120

Orthopedic 308 590 214 410 522

Postpartum 28 571 21 429 49

Surgical 554 584 395 416 949

Long-term care 20 333 40 667 60

Total 13821 508 13371 492 27192

Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Critical care units

Burn 253 695 110 302 1 03 364

Medical cardiac 237 648 126 344 3 08 366

Neurologic 129 759 41 241 0 00 170

Neurosurgical 244 600 163 400 0 00 407

Respiratory 2 500 2 500 0 00 4

Surgical 979 646 488 322 48 32 1515

Trauma 493 420 678 578 2 02 1173

Inpatient wards

Medical 3 750 1 250 0 00 4

Pulmonary 2 1000 0 00 0 00 2

Total 5529 615 3370 375 94 10 8993

750 g 317 659 100 208 29 60 35 73 481

750-1000 g 251 673 74 198 23 62 25 67 373

1001-1500 g 177 641 62 225 16 58 21 76 276

1501-2500 g 139 644 54 250 8 37 15 69 216

2500 g 94 599 41 261 2 13 20 127 157

Total 978 651 331 220 78 52 116 77 1503

750 g 93 721 18 140 2 16 16 124 129

750-1000 g 39 520 18 240 8 107 10 133 75

1001-1500 g 32 542 14 237 5 85 8 136 59

1501-2500 g 17 607 4 143 1 36 6 214 28

2500 g 22 550 9 225 2 50 7 175 40

Total 203 614 63 190 18 54 47 142 331

another site3

750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







750 g 152 608 70 280 15 60 13 52 250

750-1000 g 98 616 44 277 11 69 6 38 159

1001-1500 g 78 650 31 258 4 33 7 58 120

1501-2500 g 47 723 16 246 2 31 0 00 65

2500 g 28 571 16 327 0 00 5 102 49

Total 403 627 177 275 32 50 31 48 643

750 g 58 592 30 306 4 41 6 61 98

750-1000 g 32 627 12 235 2 39 5 98 51

1001-1500 g 23 697 7 212 2 61 1 30 33

1501-2500 g 13 684 3 158 1 53 2 105 19

2500 g 17 654 4 154 0 00 5 192 26

Total 143 630 56 247 9 40 19 84 227

another site3

750 g 175 818 39 182 0 00 214

750-1000 g 74 705 31 295 0 00 105

1001-1500 g 42 840 8 160 0 00 50

1501-2500 g 19 760 6 240 0 00 25

2500 g 24 889 3 111 0 00 27

Total 334 793 87 207 0 00 421

750 g 75 728 26 252 2 19 103

750-1000 g 53 815 11 169 1 15 65

1001-1500 g 11 688 5 313 0 00 16

1501-2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

2500 g 8 800 2 200 0 00 10

Total 155 760 46 225 3 15 204

Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentile

Procedure

Operative

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

Abdominal aortic

aneurysm repair

Limb amputation

Appendix surgery

for dialysis

Bile duct liver or

pancreatic surgery

Breast surgery

Cardiac surgery

and donor incisions

Coronary bypass

Gallbladder surgery

Colon surgery

Craniotomy

Cesarean section

Spinal fusion

Gastric surgery

Herniorrhaphy

Hip prosthesis

Heart transplant

Knee prosthesis

Laminectomy

Kidney surgery

Ovarian surgery

Pacemaker surgery

Prostate surgery

Peripheral vascular

bypass surgery

Rectal surgery

Refusion of spine

Small bowel surgery

Spleen surgery

Thoracic surgery

Thyroid andor

parathyroid surgery

Ventricular shunt

surgery

17 (8)

11 (8)

40 (32)

61 (52)

49 (20)

11 (5)

19 (15)

55 (40)

14 (12)

24 (22)

16 (14)

11 (8)

17 (12)

104 (79)

68 (44)

103 (78)

17 (16)

13 (11)

10 (4)

12 (6)

37 (22)

11 (7)

not calculated

Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentiles

Procedure

Duration

cutpoint

minutes

category

hospitalsy

procedures

Pooled

mean 10 25

(median) 75 90

CRAN Craniotomy 225 0 1 44 (37) 7902 170 215 000 000 151 262 637

CRAN Craniotomy 225 2 3 41 (18) 1761 82 466

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







LAM Laminectomy 166 0 76 (69) 20972 150 072 000 000 058 125 240

LAM Laminectomy 166 1 77 (67) 15054 166 110 000 000 104 220 377

LAM Laminectomy 166 2 3 76 (42) 4051 93 230 000 000 204 373 500

wajicjourn

alorgV

(Continued)

Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Percentiles

Duration Risk

LAM Laminectomy 95 0 1 2 3 21 (10) 901 7 078

Risk index category

0 1 2 3

Deep incisional

Organspace

Per 100 operations

ericanJourn

InfectionC

ontrolD

ecember

Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Edwards et al 803

References

309-32

185S-91S

290-301

Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







Weekly Rep 200251(RR-10)1-29

Methods




Results

Discussion

References







2009 NHSN Report

Documents

common skin contaminant

dialysis bile duct

medical students rotate

healthcare quality promotion

viridans group streptococci

consistent signicant differences

fracture open reduction

multiple clinical services