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Mar 21, 2016
AUSTRALIAAdvancing Global Enterprise
GERMANY
Barbara Barkhausen and Wolfgang Mueller
187_Front 9/8/05 1:03 PM Page 1
A FOCUS PUBLISHING BOOK PROJECT
Focus Publishing Pty Ltd
ABN 55 003 600 360
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© Focus Publishing Pty Ltd 2005
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ISBN 1 920683 59 3
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accepts no responsibility for any errors contained in this book.
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187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 2
Introduction 4
Advisory Group 6
Roll of Honour 8
SECTION ONE1 GERMANY 10
Germany—a leading global nation in Europe 12
German states maintain individuality 16
2 AUSTRALIA 32
Australia’s role in Asia-Pacific and the world 34
The world’s only nation continent 38
SECTION TWO3 THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY 48
Research, development and transfer of intellectual property 50
Biotechnology shows the way to the future 68
Two high-quality health systems 72
Financial sector gains importance 89
4 ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE 86
Energy—from fossil fuels to state-of-the-art technology 88
Life-giving water—a precious commodity 92
Infrastructure—vital for growth 96
Environment is a key issue 102
Reforms smooth the way for new business 106
Mining and exploration increase 109
5 BRANDS 120
Automotive sector—a key exporter 122
Fashion comes of age 123
Wine and food move with the times 133
Design—a forum for creative cooperation and exchange 137
6 PEOPLE 144
Education bridges national borders 146
Old and new world cultures meet 150
Germans have a passion for travel 154
Australia—a unique experience 158
Two sport-loving nations 162
7 FACTS AND FIGURES 166
Useful contacts 182
Directory of Participants 184
Photo credits 190
Index 191
CONTENTS
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 3
Firstly, I would like to congratulate the
project participants and the publisher
for creating the second edition of
Australia–Germany: Advancing Global
Enterprise. I would also like to commend
the members of the project's distinguished
Advisory Group for the input and
direction they have provided.
Like its predecessor, this edition provides
a thorough and contemporary analysis
of the trade, investment and cultural
relationships that exist between Australia
and Germany. It continues to recognise
that these relationships extend beyond
the domestic markets of both countries.
It acknowledges the benefits each
economy stands to enjoy by providing
a platform from which the respective
partners can access regional markets
in Eastern Europe and Asia.
It is marvellous to see the many
commercial and cultural relationships
that have developed between citizens
of our two nations, and also the growing
interest among our young people in
visiting each other’s country, whether
to study, to explore or simply to enjoy
the very different experience.
At this time, when more and more of
our communication is electronic, it is
perhaps a good thing to have this book,
as a tangible showcase of our positive
and growing relationship.
Achim Drescher
Managing Director, State Shipping Line, SydneyVice-President, Australian German Association Inc (AGA)Co-chairman, Advisory Group
INTRODUCTION
004 INTRODUCTION
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 4
INTRODUCTION 005
It is a great pleasure and honour for me
to be associated with this new edition
of Australia–Germany: Advancing Global
Enterprise as Chairman of the German
Advisory Group. I am sure this volume,
like its predecessor in 1999, will be a
valuable tool for business people from
both our countries, with its well-
researched information on the business
environments in Germany and Australia,
the strong bilateral trade and investment
links that exist, and the opportunities
to build on these links into the future.
After six years, the same key messages
are valid. Both economies have seen some
changes over the years, and I would like
to draw attention to the very positive
developments in the Australian economy,
with its impressive growth rates and
budget surpluses.
Bilateral relations between Australia
and Germany have also developed
in a very positive way. Australia is an
important trading partner for Germany
and, since 2004, Germany’s fourth-largest
export destination. Trade between
our two countries has been steadily
growing, with a considerable German
surplus in our trade balance. Foreign
investment between our two countries
is also increasing.
There is always room for further
improvement, however. Business
opportunities in both countries deserve
to be recognised more clearly. This is
especially so in the face of growing
regional integration both in Asia-Pacific
and in Europe, which adds to the
existing strengths of Germany and
Australia as business locations.
This book not only offers profoundly useful
information on both markets and bilateral
exchange, it also showcases examples of
successful business activities. The writers
have gathered a wealth of relevant
information and have made the book
an authoritative guide to the successes
and the opportunities of our countries’
strong and productive relationship.
I recommend this publication to readers
from business and politics alike,
both as an overview of German–
Australian relations and as an outlook
on future possibilities.
Professor Dr-Ing. Eckhard Rohkamm AO
Chairman, OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business AssociationCo-chairman, Advisory Group
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 5
ADVISORY GROUP
CHAIRMAN
Professor Dr-Ing. Eckhard Rohkamm AO
Chairman
OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association
Her Excellency Mrs Pamela Fayle
Ambassador to Germany
Australian Embassy
Juergen Fitschen
Member of the Group Executive Committee
Deutsche Bank AG
Dr Hans-Peter Keitel
Chairman of the Executive Board
Hochtief AG
Dr Klaus Meves
Chairman of the Executive Board
Hamburg Süd
Dr h.c. August Oetker
General Partner
Dr August Oetker KG
Dr Monika Stärk
Executive Director
OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association
GERMANY
006 ADVISORY GROUP
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 6
ADVISORY GROUP 007
AUSTRALIA
CHAIRMAN
Achim Drescher
Managing Director
State Shipping Line, Sydney
and Vice President,
Australian German Association Inc
Martin Albrecht AC
Chairman
Thiess Pty Ltd
Mark Bethwaite
Managing Director and Chief
Executive Officer
Australian Business Limited
Dr David Charles
Director
The Allen Consulting Group
Peter Dreher
Partner
Madgwicks
Lawyers
and Executive Officer
Australian German Association Inc
Peter Duncan
President
Australian German Association Inc
Dr Roland Goll
Director
Goethe-Institut
Peter Hordern
Partner
Minter Ellison Revenue Group
Wallace King AO
Chief Executive Officer
Leighton Holdings Limited
Ron Koehler
Managing Director
Schenker Australia Pty Ltd
Paul König
Partner
PricewaterhouseCoopers
His Excellency Mr Martin Lutz
Ambassador
Embassy of the Federal Republic
of Germany
Maurice L Newman AC
Chairman
Australian Stock Exchange
Limited
Steven Rich AM
Chairman
Focus Publishing Pty Ltd
Dr Franz Sauter
Managing Director
BMW Australia Ltd
Richard F E Warburton AO
Director
O’Connell Street Associates
Irene Zeitler
Partner
Freehills
Walking around a spiral ramp, tourists view the
reflective core of the Reichstag dome in Berlin.
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 7
ROLL OF HONOUR
MAJOR
Bayer
Hamburg Süd
Invest in Germany
Man Nutzfahzeuge AG
SEW-Eurodrive
Thiess Pty Ltd
ThyssenKrupp Technologies
KEY
a. hartrodt
AGA (Australian German Association Inc)
BASF Australia
Bilfinger Berger Australia Pty Ltd
BMW Australia Ltd
Carl Zeiss
DaimlerChrysler Australia/Pacific Pty Ltd
Degussa Australia
Deutsche Bank
Deutz Australia
The German–Australian Chamber of
Industry and Commerce
Group of Eight
Lufthansa
OAV—German Asia-Pacific
Business Association
Paul Hartmann
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Schenker Australia
Siemens
Wacker-Chemie
The airy colonnade of Australia’s
New Parliament House in the nation’s
capital, Canberra.
008 ROLL OF HONOUR
187_Front 5/8/05 3:45 PM Page 8
ROLL OF HONOUR 009
187_Front 5/8/05 3:46 PM Page 9
SECTION ONE
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GERMANY
1
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Germany is one of the world’s leading nations—
third in terms of its economic output and first in
the world for exports. The country is an attractive
market for foreign investors, offering a superbly
developed infrastructure and a highly motivated,
well-qualified work force. Situated in the centre
of Europe and lying between Scandinavia and
the Mediterranean countries, Germany links
western and eastern Europe and sees itself as
the gateway to the growth markets of central
and eastern Europe.
Following the unification of the two German states
in 1990, Berlin, in the northeast, became the
capital. Germany has an integral role not only in
the EU, but also in the United Nations (UN) and
the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).
With 82 million people, Germany is one of the
most densely populated countries in Europe.
The country covers about 360,000 square
kilometres and is smaller than neighbouring France,
with its 547,000 square kilometres and 60 million
inhabitants. Seven million citizens do not have their
origin in Germany, giving the country an
extraordinary cultural and ethnic variety.
Germany is a member of the Economic and
Monetary Union (EMU) and introduced the euro
on 1 January 2002. It is not only the location
of its new capital that has made the German
government a supporter of the European Union’s
(EU) enlargement towards the eastern European
states. The EU has 25 members, and Bulgaria,
Romania, Croatia and Turkey are candidates for
future membership. Supporters say that Germany’s
ageing society will need skilled migration from
the East. Opponents fear that the weak domestic
labour market could be further shaken by the
cheap workforce from eastern Europe. Germany
has found something of a happy medium.
It convinced the European Commission that
existing EU members should be allowed to restrict
the migration of workers from the new member
states for up to seven years.
Germany is a federal republic, comprising 16 states
(Bundesländer). Three levels can be distinguished
in the structure of the country’s administration:
federal, Länder (states or countries) and local
(municipal). Each state has its own government
and parliament—a system that ensures and
promotes independence and self-governance.
012 GERMANY
PREVIOUS PAGE:
The spectacular dome
of the Reichstag in Berlin.
INSET: A statue in the
marketplace, Bremen.
RIGHT: The plenary chamber
of the Reichstag, Germany’s
federal parliament.
GERMANY—A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:56 PM Page 012
A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE 013
Flags flutter in front of
Frankfurt’s soaring trade
fair tower. Frankfurt is world
renowned as the home of
international trade fairs.
Within the framework of the federal law, the states
can make their own decisions.
A nation with its focus on the worldThe German economy is the third-biggest in the
world after the United States and Japan. German
companies have a firmly international focus and are
among the world’s largest and most technologically
advanced producers and exporters of iron, steel,
coal, cement, machinery, vehicles, machine tools,
electronics, chemicals, shipbuilding, food and
beverages, and textiles. The country has great diversity
in many areas and its people are known as ambitious,
reliable and hardworking. A ‘Made in Germany’
label is highly regarded in other countries, and
people all over the world respect the quality and
precision of German-made cars, electronics and
machinery. In recent years export and investment have
been especially buoyant in the Asia-Pacific market.
But the German economy faced difficult times
after reunification in 1990. Growth has been slow,
partly owing to the fact that the new eastern states
have continued to need assistance to upgrade
infrastructure and develop economically.
Unemployment has grown to more than five million
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:56 PM Page 013
(12 per cent) since the early 1990s. After its
election in 2002 the Social Democratic government
drafted a reform package, Agenda 2010, to relax
bureaucracy and modernise the economy, the
labour market and the social system, as well as
to encourage new business ventures. The aim was
to find new ways of providing for old-age pensions
and public health. It introduced one-euro jobs
(a small wage incentive on top of unemployment
benefits) to reintroduce unemployed people into
the workforce. Agenda 2010 was a point of
controversy between the major parties.
Nevertheless, every future government will have
to continue to address these issues.
Economists from the Organisation for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD) are optimistic
about the changes Germany has implemented.
They expect the reforms to strengthen Germany even
further and to produce a small economic boom
in future years.
Although Germany’s mainstay is manufacturing,
the service sector has caught up. Since the 1970s the
federal government and the Länder have promoted
growth industries like information technology and
biotechnology, and Germany is an international leader
in both. Germany also leads in the use of
renewable energy and environmental protection.
In the environmental technology sector there is
great potential to increase German investment in
and exports to Australia.
International companies seek prosperityGermany has one of the most deregulated
economies in Europe, resulting in more than
22,000 foreign companies—with more than
2.7 million employees—investing in the country.
The United States, the Netherlands, Switzerland
and Japan are the biggest foreign investors.
Adam Opel, Ford, ESSO, Philip Morris, Hewlett-
Packard, General Electric, Unilever and Coca-Cola
have long-established subsidiaries and investments
in Germany. Asian investments have recently entered
the arena. In 2004 the Chinese investment house
D’Long took over the German company Dornier.
Australian exports of goods and services to Germany
have grown 30 per cent in the past 10 years
(1994–2004). Australia’s direct investment in Germany
is below A$1 billion ( 604 million) and there is
great potential for further expansion. Export and/or
investment opportunities exist in:
• the automotive industry, including manufacture
of original equipment, components, light materials,
after-market components and accessories,
alternative fuels technology and equipment, and
tooling and production equipment, as well as
engineering services
014 GERMANY
The modern campus of
the Technical University
in Munich, one of the world’s
leading universities.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:56 PM Page 014
• information and communication technologies,
including security, software and niche hardware
•biotechnology, including research and
development contracts, research and strategic
collaborations, licensing agreements and the
export of base products like marine and plant
organisms for pharmaceutical manufacture
•education and training, particularly in information
technology, international law, international business
and technology
• fresh produce, including apples, citrus fruits, pears
and cherries, and high-quality seafood
•wine, mainly red wine. (When Germany’s foreign
minister Joschka Fischer visited Austalia in 2005,
he commented on the successful Austalian wine
industry, which has many friends in Germany.)
Germany has highly effective small and medium-sized
companies. Staedtler (writing equipment) and Hella
(lights and electronics for cars), for example, are
typical medium-sized companies. There are regional
centres that are considered to be world-class clusters
for information technology, medical technology,
banks and the media. Bavaria, for example, has
gathered about 750 manufacturing companies and
40 research institutes in the optical technology
sector, and eastern Germany has several important
clusters in the automotive, life science, chemical
and service industries.
Opportunities in knowledge sharingGermany’s professional training and German
universities such as the Technische Universität
München and the Humboldt-Universität in Berlin
are renowned worldwide.
Germany also has the greatest concentration of
innovative companies in Europe: more than 20 per
cent of patent applications to the European Patent
Office are from Germany.
Germany is also one of the major world trade fair
sites. Fairs include the ITB (Berlin: tourism),
the CeBIT (Hanover: information technology,
telecommunications, software), the IAA
(Hanover: cars), the Book Fair (Frankfurt) and
the Toy Trade Fair (Nuremberg). Delegations from
three German states—North Rhine-Westphalia,
Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria—visited Australia
in 2004 and again in 2005 to forge tighter
relationships and seek cooperative opportunities
with Australian companies.
A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE 015
More than 20 per cent of patent applications to
the European Patent Office are from Germany.
Hamburg is Germany’s
second-largest city and
its principal port. Around
115 million tonnes of goods
were shipped from Hamburg
in 2004.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:57 PM Page 015
016 GERMANY
Surrounded by the Berlin
Wall, which divided the city
for 30 years, the triumphal
columns of the Brandenburg
Gate now symbolise the
reunification of Germany.
The historic Brandenburg
Gate is the trademark
of Berlin.
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The Federal Republic of Germany, like Australia,
is a federation of states. Sixteen states (Länder),
each with its own government, traditions and
characteristics, form today’s Germany. Although
Germany has always been divided into states, it was
only after World War II that the current borders
came into place. The new states—Brandenburg,
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-
Anhalt and Thuringia—did not join the republic until
3 October 1990: the end of the German Democratic
Republic and the start of a reunified Germany.
The German states are very independent, especially
in their fiscal policies. There is no single budget for
the whole of Germany, but a plethora of budgets
for federal, state and municipal bodies.
The states are very influential and are able to
determine federal policy via the upper house of
parliament, the Bundesrat. The Bundesrat
comprises representatives of each state
government—each state has three to six members,
depending on its population. The Bundesrat
represents the opinions of the states, not the
opinion of its single members, and is an effective
instrument for the states to pursue their particular
areas of interest.
Similarly to the Australian states, the German states
declare laws in the areas of:
• cultural affairs
• education policy
• radio and television
• municipalities
• the rights of the police
• the university and college system
• how cities, municipalities and districts
organise themselves
• issues concerning the local environment and
landscape, and regional planning
Also as in Australia, there are only a few areas where
the federal government has sole power to legislate:
• foreign affairs
• military resources
• nationality
• currency
• weights and measures
• post and telecommunications
• customs and border protection
Both the federal government and the states have
power to legislate in the areas of criminal and
procedural law, traffic and the housing market.
In the case of a conflict, the federal law prevails.
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY 017
Bands of colour surround
viewers inside the Light
Cocoon, an artwork by
André Heller at the RWE
(Rhine Westphalian
Electricity) Park in the
historic city of Essen.
RWE is Europe’s biggest
energy provider.
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:57 PM Page 017
Baden-Württemberg has an important global
market presence—only 0.17 per cent of the world’s
population lives here but 1.7 per cent of all
international exports stem from Baden-Württemberg.
DaimlerChrysler, Porsche, Bosch, SAP, Zeiss and
Würth are internationally renowned companies,
but it is also the small and medium-sized businesses
that make Baden-Württemberg so attractive to
foreign investors.
Baden-Württemberg invests in universities and
culture as well as in research and development and
future-oriented technologies such as environmental
technology, information and communications
technology, and biotechnology. Mechanical
engineering, car manufacturing, and electrical and
electronic engineering form a solid foundation for its
successful exports. Only California’s Silicon Valley sells
more corporate software than Baden-Württemberg.
018 GERMANY
A playful statue outside
the Print Media Academy
in the old university town
of Heidelberg. The academy
offers a variety of training
courses and hosts graphic
arts industry events.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:57 PM Page 018
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY 019
The Australian company ANCA Machinery (Precision
Grinding) chose Baden-Württemberg as the location
for its German head office.
Bavaria has the fastest-growing economy in
Germany. Many Bavarians are self-employed and
almost every second euro in Bavaria is earned on
the world market. Bavaria invests heavily in
innovation and research. It has a highly educated
population and an excellent infrastructure. It is
a centre of the ‘new economy’ as well as of
renowned enterprises like Siemens, BMW, Audi,
EADS, adidas-salomon and MAN. Bavaria ranks
number one in the insurance sector in Germany
and number two in banking.
The state is also a leader in tourism, emphasising
the many ‘soft’ factors that make Bavaria, and
especially the Munich area, attractive to foreign
investors. More than 1,000 foreign companies—
mostly from North America and Asia—have
established subsidiaries here.
The Australian company Oztrak, a leading
provider of integrated systems for mobile data
communication and tracking systems, established
an office in Bavaria in 1998 and is working in
collaboration with the German motoring
organisation ADAC. Other Australian companies
that have established offices here include
Macquarie Bank, Ansell Healthcare (medical and
surgical gloves), Sonic Healthcare Limited
(specialist medical diagnostics) and ResMed
(a manufacturer of respiratory medical devices,
which markets its anti-snoring products in more
than 60 countries).
Berlin is the federal capital and is also a state.
It is the gateway between East and West, the
largest city in Germany and one of the most
attractive and most cosmopolitan, rich in culture
and history. Young companies enjoy its creative
and innovative atmosphere. Its vigorous business
climate attracts the media, the information and
communications sector, and transport engineering,
biotechnology and medical technology industries.
The Australian newspaper and magazine publisher
John Fairfax Holdings is one example of an
Australian company that has chosen the capital
as its German base.
The area around Berlin is Brandenburg, famous
for its network of scientific research institutes
and its highly developed infrastructure. The state
benefits from its proximity to Eastern Europe and
has a close working relationship with neighbouring
Poland. Its investment conditions are among the
most favourable in the whole of Europe thanks to
funding from the federal government and the EU
aimed at attracting small and middle-sized
companies to the region.
Brandenburg is traditionally strong in vehicle
manufacturing, energy and chemicals.
Other industries, including biotechnology and
medical technology, the media, logistics,
telecommunications and the aerospace industry,
have recently become established there as well.
Bremen, the smallest state, comprises the two
cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven. Bremerhaven is
an important port, and the state is traditionally
strong in shipbuilding. It is also evolving into a
centre for innovative business start-ups and hi-tech
industries. A cluster of aerospace companies has
established an aircraft construction site here
specialising in aerodynamics and lightweight
construction. Bremen also has Europe’s leading
centre for research and development in the field of
manned space travel.
Hamburg is a very small but very efficient state. It is
Germany’s most international city and one of its most
dynamic economic centres. Traditionally its focus was
manufacturing, but the city has developed into the
centre of the digital economy. Ten per cent of the
500 most powerful German and international
Berlin is the gateway between East and West,
a vibrant business centre and rich in culture.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:57 PM Page 019
companies have their headquarters in Hamburg,
including Airbus, Beiersdorf, Hamburg Süd, Helm,
Olympus, Otto Versand, Panasonic, Tchibo and most
of the big German publishing houses. With the EU’s
enlargement plans, Hamburg has successfully revived
its old bonds with Scandinavia and Eastern Europe.
The Australian company Brambles operates its
renowned waste management division Cleanaway
from Hamburg. Brambles also has business
relationships with Germany in pallet and container
pooling services, in information management and
in tank containers. A yeast and bakery ingredients
division of Burns, Philp & Company also trades
from Hamburg (and Munich) via the Deutsche
Hefewerke GmbH.
Hessen combines expertise in financial services
and hi-tech industries with its traditional image
of apple wine and conviviality. Almost a quarter
of all foreign direct investment in Germany is
concentrated here. For years Hessen has generated
the highest gross domestic product in Germany
per head of population.
Frankfurt’s airport is Germany’s and Europe’s
gateway to the world. The airport handles the
highest volume of freight transfer in Europe
and the second-highest number of travellers.
The Frankfurt region houses more than 400 banks,
the German stock exchange and the European
Central Bank. It hosts international trade fairs like
Premiere and Ambiente (both featuring consumer
goods), the international book fair ACHEMA, and
the IAA international motor show.
International companies including Canon, General
Motors, ITT, Pepsi-Cola, Honeywell, Motorola and
Proctor & Gamble have chosen to locate their
German headquarters in Frankfurt.
Invest Australia, Austrade (Australian Trade
Commission) and the Victorian Government
Business Office have their bases in Frankfurt.
WESTPAC Banking Corporation, the Australia and
New Zealand Banking Group, the National Australia
Bank, Qantas Airlines and Gavin Anderson &
Company (corporate affairs and financial relations
consultants) also operate from Germany’s financial
hub. Other Australian companies based in Hessen
include SGE International (a manufacturer of
syringes), Unidata (research and development),
020 GERMANY
RIGHT: Founded in 1558,
the Hamburg Stock Exchange
is the oldest of Germany’s
eight stock exchanges.
FAR RIGHT: Around
250,000 young people visit
the spacecraft-like
Universum Science Centre
in Bremen each year. It has
250 interactive exhibits
featuring the cosmos,
the Earth and humankind.
Frankfurt’s airport is Germany’s and Europe’s
gateway to the world. The airport handles the
highest volume of freight transfer in Europe
and the second-highest number of travellers.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:57 PM Page 020
Tyko Environmental Services, Stallion Technologies
(a developer of Unix and NT software and hardware)
and Leiner Davis Gelatin.
Lower Saxony became famous as the host of
EXPO in 2000. Agriculture and car manufacturing
(Volkswagen) are the cornerstones of its economy,
but e-business, biotechnology and high technology
are growing rapidly. It has also developed into a
centre for international freight transportation.
Scientific institutes and universities work closely
with partners from the business world, and the
government assists by creating helpful networks.
The state’s expertise in knowledge transfer has
attracted more than 450 foreign companies to
Lower Saxony. The Australian specialist for hearing-
aids Cochlear, and the packaging company Amcor,
have established their German offices in Hanover.
Buderim Ginger sells its ginger products from the
city of Stelle.
Hanover is one of the most dynamic trade fair
locations worldwide. The annual computer fair
CeBIT held here is internationally known.
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania encompasses
one of Germany’s most beautiful areas of
untouched countryside. Tourism and agriculture
shape this state’s economy, and food processing
is another strong industry. Owing to its highly
modernised telecommunications infrastructure,
the state is also very attractive to high technology,
biotechnology and medical technology companies.
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is famous
for its shipyards, which offer hi-tech but low-cost
production facilities in marine engineering.
It recently modernised its Baltic seaports, creating
immense opportunities in the transport and
logistics industries. Its location is ideal for trade
with northern and eastern Europe, as well as with
nearby Hamburg and Berlin.
The Macquarie Infrastructure Group, a private
Australian developer of toll roads, has a controlling
interest in the Warnow River tunnel in Rostock.
North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has the largest
population in Germany and the biggest economic
output. It attracts the most foreign investment of
any German state and has the strongest research
cluster in Europe. The region is a melting pot for
science, business, industry, the arts and the media,
and is an important trade fair location—the world’s
biggest food trade fair, ANUGA, is held annually
in Cologne.
The state has a well-developed infrastructure, with
international and domestic airports and the river
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY 021
The Intercity Express 3 at
Frankfurt’s airport station.
The ICE trains, which link
German cities with other
European destinations,
can reach speeds of
280 kilometres per hour.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:58 PM Page 021
Rhine as the main waterway. Düsseldorf and Cologne
are the main cornerstones of the German media
industry. According to a UNESCO report, it has
a most vigorous cultural scene, with 350 museums,
more than 100 stages, 400 theatre groups and
60 orchestras. More than 1,300 authors live in
North Rhine-Westphalia.
Australian mining and mineral processing company
M.I.M. Holdings, and Moldflow, a supplier of software
solutions for the design and manufacture of injection-
moulded plastic parts, are based in this state.
Rhineland-Palatinate is Germany’s bohemian
state, renowned for its wine, jewellery and glass
industries. It is also the leading state in the chemical
and plastics industries. BASF in Ludwigshafen
is Europe's largest chemical factory. Other
internationally known companies in Rhineland-
Palatinate include the pharmaceutical company
Boehringer, construction company SGE Deutsche
Holding and Europe's largest television network,
ZDF (Channel Two). Rhineland-Palatinate is a leading
supplier of automobile components. The state
exports about 40 per cent of its products—the
highest export rate of any German state.
Greencorp Magnetics, an Australian manufacturer
of recording tapes, SDI (dental products) and
Nufarm (fertiliser, agricultural chemicals, animal
health products) have their German subsidiaries in
Rhineland-Palatinate.
The Saarland is one of the smallest German states
but is located in a very important position, at the
border with France and Luxembourg. This region
has always been an important link between
countries in Europe. Its research institutes employ
more than 1,000 scientists who cooperate closely
with industry. Investors have direct access to key
people in politics and administration, because
Saarland has no provincial districts and fewer
bureaucratic processes than other German states.
A special organisation, the gwSaar (Saarland
Economic Promotion Corporation), provides
information, consulting services and assistance
to foreign companies. Among Saarland’s key
industries are the steel and automotive industry
and a steadily growing biotechnology industry.
German industrialisation began in Saxony.
The Saxon city of Chemnitz played a similar role in
German industry to that of Manchester in England.
Saxon inventions include artificial rubber, porcelain,
the first illustrated newspaper, condoms, the
harmonica, the reflex camera, tea bags, coffee
filters and the first industrially produced computer.
Innovation has again made Saxony a successful
state in numerous industries: automobiles,
biotechnology, energy use and microelectronics.
022 GERMANY
The Hohenzollern Bridge
and cathedral in Cologne.
The city hosts many trade
fairs and is a noted centre for
car and machine manufacture.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:58 PM Page 022
Saxony’s workers are three times more productive
than their counterparts in the neighbouring Czech
Republic or Poland.
Saxony-Anhalt is another new state. With
investments worth approximately 5 billion
(A$8 billion), it heads the list of new states in terms
of foreign investment. Its key industries are
chemicals and mechanical engineering. Automotive
supplies and wood-processing industries are also
developing, as well as information and
communications technology, biotechnology and
medical technology. One of Saxony-Anhalt’s
advantages is that well-developed business land is
still available at a reasonable price.
The Australian company Bishop Engineering began
a joint venture with Mercedes-Benz here in 1999.
The company manufactures variable geometry
steering components and was attracted by the
state’s generous business incentive schemes.
The big names of the region include the
pharmaceutical company Bayer, which produces its
famous Aspirin tablets in Bitterfeld, and the US flat
glass manufacturer Guardian Industries.
Schleswig-Holstein is Germany’s most northerly
state. Bordering the North Sea and the Baltic Sea,
it has traditional links to Scandinavia, the Baltic
countries and Russia, with regular ferries travelling
between these countries, and is a major tourist
destination. It has a strong agriculture sector and
its economic mainstays include shipyards and
manufacturing. Recently hi-tech and service companies
have benefited from its excellent infrastructure and
its proximity to Hamburg. One example of Australian
investment in this region is cinema group Greater
Union’s acquisition of a half-share in the German
cinema company Kieft & Kieft.
Thuringia is a very innovative state, with more
patent registrations per capita than any other
former East German state. Its automotive, solar
technology and logistics industries are strong
players in Germany’s economy. It is perhaps best
known, however, for its skill in creating new uses
for, and products from, old materials, especially
glass, ceramics and textiles—for both industrial
and artistic purposes.
Many companies have had success in the area of
hi-tech solutions and innovative ideas: Jenoptik
supplies hi-tech laser technology; the Institute for
Technical Ceramics develops new applications for
ceramics; the Fraunhofer-Institut für Integrierte
Schaltungen (IIS) seeks new sound solutions; the
Pumpspeicherwerk Goldisthal is Germany’s largest
hydroelectric power plant; Greiz produces
luminescent textiles; and Carl Zeiss-Meditec is one
of the world’s leading medical technology suppliers.
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY 023
Concertgoers attend a
music festival in the
Ehrenbreitstein Fortress
in Koblenz, a 2,000-year-old
town in the state of northern
Rhineland-Palatinate.
187_SEC01_CH01_02 4/8/05 3:58 PM Page 023
182 USEFUL CONTACTS
USEFUL CONTACTS
Australian Embassy GermanyWallstrasse 76-7910179 BerlinTel: +49 30 880088 0 Fax: +49 30 880088 210www.australian-embassy.de
Austrade(Handelsvertretung)Grüneburgweg 58-6260322 FrankfurtTel: +49 69 90558 0Fax: +49 69 90558 109Email: [email protected]
Invest AustraliaAustralian Consulate GeneralGrüneburgweg 58-6260322 FrankfurtTel: +49 69 90558 20 Fax: +49 69 90558 209Email: [email protected]
Invest in GermanyAnna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse 2D-10178 BerlinTel: +49 30 20657 100Fax: +49 30 20657 111www.invest-in-germany.com
OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business AssociationBleickenbrücke 9D-20354 HamburgTel: +49 43 357 559 0Fax: +49 40 357 559 25www.oav.de
State of Victoria, European OfficeGrüneburgweg 58-62 60322 FrankfurtTel: +49 69 6680 74 0 Fax +49 69 6680 74 66Email: [email protected]
TOURISM
South Australian Tourism Commissionc/o The Magnum GroupSonnenstrasse 980331 MünchenTel: +49 089 23662 137Fax: +49 089 23662 199www.visit-southaustralia.com.au
Tourism AustraliaNeue Mainzer Strasse 2260311 FrankfurtTel: +49 069 2740 060Fax: +49 069 27400 640www.australia.com
Tourism Queenslandc/o The Mangum GroupSonnenstrasse 980331 MünchenTel: +49 089 23177 177Fax: +49 089 26035 30www.queensland.de
Tourism Western AustraliaSonnenstrassse 9 80331 MünchenTel: + 49 089 23662 1811Fax: +49 089 23662 199www.westernaustralia.com
Tourism VictoriaNeue Mainzer Strasse 22 60311 FrankfurtTel: +49 069 27400 677 Fax: +49 069 27400 640www.tourismvictoria.com.au
IN GERMANY
USEFUL CONTACTS 183
Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany119 Empire CircuitYarralumla ACT 2600Tel: +61 2 6270 1911Fax: +61 2 6270 1951Email: [email protected]
Consulate General of the Republic of Germany, Melbourne480 Punt RoadSouth Yarra Vic 3141Tel: +61 2 9864 6888Fax: +61 2 9820 2414Email: [email protected]
Consulate General of the Republic of Germany, Sydney13 Trelawney StreetWoollahra NSW 2025Tel: +61 2 9328 7733Fax: +61 2 9327 9649Email: [email protected]
Australian German Association IncLevel 19, 535 Bourke StreetMelbourne Vic 3000aTel: +61 3 9242 4744Fax: +61 3 9242 4778www.aga.org.au
The German Australian Chamber of Industry and CommerceLevel 10, 39–41 York StSydney NSW 2000Tel: +61 2 8296 0400Fax: +61 2 8296 0411 Email: [email protected] www.germany.org.au
TOURISM
Lufthansa German AirlinesLevel 2, 143 Macquarie StreetSydney NSW 2000Tel: +61 1300 655 727Fax: +61 2 9367 3896www.lufthansa-australia.com
German National Tourist OfficeGPO Box 1461Sydney NSW 2001Tel: +61 2 8296 0488 Fax: +61 2 8296 0487Email: [email protected]
CULTURAL ACTIVITIES
Goethe-Institut Melbourne 448 St Kilda Road Melbourne, Vic. 3004 Tel: +61 3 9864 8999 Fax: +61 3 98648988Email: [email protected]/melboune
Goethe-Institut Sydney 90 Ocean Street Woollahra, NSW 2025 Tel: +61 2 8356 8333 Fax: +61 2 8356 8314 [email protected] www.goethe.de/sydney
GENERAL INFORMATION
Deutschland.de The Federal Republic of Germany’s official and independent website has many links touseful German information on the Internet. www.deutschland.de
IN AUSTRALIA
190 INDEX
INDEX
aerospace industry, 19, 140Agenda 2010 (Germany), 14agriculture
Australia, 36, 40, 41, 52, 68–9,92, 136
Germany, 21, 23, 36, 105Airbus A380, 34, 100airlines, 34airports, 20, 21, 100AJ Parker Cooperative Research
Centre (Australia), 70Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
(Germany), 149, 153Asia-Pacific, 13, 34, 38, 81Association of South-East Asian
Nations (ASEAN), 35astronomy and astrophysics, 50, 56AusLink transport plan, 99AussieSport-Program, 163AustCancer, 69Austrade (Australian Trade
Commission), 20Australia, 34–45
culture, 150–3German companies in, 36, 39–40,
42, 59, 81–2, 83, 94, 103, 124, 125, 132, 139
immigration, 35, 40, 136, 140, 150inventions, 50–1, 123native title claims, 111trading partners, 34, 35–6, 38, 40,
41, 42, 44, 45, 90, 123Australia Council, 153Australian Antarctic Division, 53Australian Capital Territory, 44Australian Competition and
Consumer commission (ACCC), 106
Australian–German Joint ResearchCooperation Scheme, 58
Australian Institute of Marine Science(AIMS), 53, 75
Australian Institute of Sport, 163Australian Nuclear Science and
Technology Organisation (ANSTO), 50, 53
Australian Prudential RegulationAuthority, 79, 82
Australian Stock Exchange, 80, 82Australian Water Fund, 95Australian Wind Energy Association
(AusWEA), 90Australian Wine and Brandy
Corporation, 133Australian Wine Research Institute, 70automotive industries, 122–8
Australia, 40, 42, 122–5Germany, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19, 21,
22, 23, 36, 54, 56, 104–5,122, 125–8
Automotive Competitiveness and Investment Scheme(Australia), 122
aviation industry, 19, 34, 50
Backing Australia’s Ability, 51, 70Baden-Württemberg, 18–19banking and financial services, 79–83
Australia, 38, 39, 79, 80–1, 101,125, 126
Germany, 15, 19, 20, 79–80Baulderstone Hornibrook, 39Bavaria, 15, 19Bayer, 71Berlin, 19Biota, 69biotechnology, 15, 68–71, 73–4
Australia, 50, 51, 69–71 Germany, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23,
79–80Bishop Engineering, 23, 128Blohm + Vos, 59Bosch, 59, 124Brambles, 120Brandenburg, 19Bremen, 19, 20Bug Design, 137Burns, Philp & Company, 20Business Council of Australia, 97, 107
car industry see automotive industriesCasella Wines, 135CEA-Saab, 59ceramics in Germany, 22, 23chemical industries in Germany, 15,
19, 22, 36, 54Clean Up Australia Day, 103Commonwealth Scientific and
Industrial ResearchOrganisation (CSIRO,
Australia), 51–3, 61, 71communication technology, 15, 18,
19, 23, 56competitiveness of Australia, 34, 35,
36, 39computer software and equipment
Australia, 50, 111Germany, 20, 21
construction industryAustralia, 38, 39–40, 97Germany, 56see also infrastructure; transport
Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs,Australia), 52
cultural attractions, 150–3 Australia, 40–1, 150, 151, 152Germany, 19, 21, 22, 23, 150,
151, 152, 153, 154–7
Defence Science and TechnologyOrganisation (DSTO,
Australia), 153defence services and equipment,
43, 59design, 137–40
Australia, 137, 138, 139, 140Germany, 137, 139–40see also fashion
Deutsche-Australische Netzwerk(DeAN), 149
Deutsche Bank, 80, 81
e-business in Germany, 21Economic and Monetary Union
(EMU), 12economic reform, 106–8
Australia, 106–7, 122Germany, 14, 107–8
economy Australia, 34, 36, 79, 80, 81, 82,
89, 106–7, 125, 126Germany, 12, 13, 14, 79, 97–8,
109, 126, 128education and training, 146–9
Australia, 38, 107, 146–7exchange programs, 147–9Germany, 15, 54, 147
electronics industries in Germany,13, 19
energy management and production,89–91
Australia, 52, 88–90, 103, 104,106
Germany, 14, 19, 22, 23, 50, 90,91, 103
environmental protection andtechnology, 102–5,
Australia, 52, 102, 103, 128Germany, 14, 18, 56, 57, 128
Ergoport, 137, 138euro, introduction of, 12, 106European Central Bank, 20European Organisation for Nuclear
Research, 57European Union, 36
Australia and, 36, 59, 135Germany in, 12, 108growth of, 12, 36, 155regulations, 90, 128
exports from Australia, 14, 36, 40, 42, 52,
90, 109–11, 122–3, 131,134–5, 136
from Germany, 13, 14, 36, 40,125–6, 132, 134
Faber-Castell, 139fashion industry, 129–32
Australia, 129, 130, 131–2Germany, 23, 129–30, 131, 132
film industryAustralia, 23, 151Germany, 23, 152
financial services see banking andfinancial services
food production and processingAustralia, 36, 40, 41–2, 136Germany, 15, 21see also wine industry
foreign investment in Australia, 14, 36, 42, 79, 81–2in Germany, 12, 14–15, 18, 19,
20, 21, 23, 108advice and information, 20, 22,
36, 42Forum for European-Australian
Science and Technology (FEAST), 59
Foster’s Group, 134Fraunhofer Society (Germany), 23, 54,
55, 56, 69free trade agreements, 35–6, 40Freudenberg, 132
gas see minerals and miningGeelong Wool Combing, 132Genetic Centre (Germany), 73genetic engineering, 68–9
Australia, 50, 70, 71Germany, 71, 73
German Academic Exchange Service, 153
German Archaeological Institute, 147German-Australian Cultural
Agreement, 153German-Australian Film
Agreement, 153German Cancer Research Centre
(DKFZ), 57German Chamber of Commerce and
Industry, 36German Chemical Association
(DECHEMA), 59German Design Council, 139German Designer Forum, 139German Genome Project, 53German International School
(Sydney), 148German National Tourist Board, 155–6German Research Foundation, 147Germany, 12–23
Australian companies in, 14–15,19, 20–1, 22, 23
patents and inventions, 22, 57reunification, 12, 13, 17
INDEX 191
glass production in Germany, 22, 23Global Business Policy Council, 108Global Renewables, 103Goethe-Institut, 148, 149, 151, 153government
Australia, 38, 44Germany, 12–13, 17
Hamburg, 19–20healthcare see medical research
and technologyhealth systems, 14, 72–5, 107Helmholtz Society (Germany), 54, 57Hessen, 20hi-tech industry, 50–83
Australia, 35, 125Germany, 15, 19, 20, 21, 23,
54, 56see also biotechnology;
communications technology;computer software andequipment; energymanagement and technology;environmental protection andtechnology; geneticengineering; informationtechnology; medical researchand technology; universitiesand research institutes
hydroelectricity, 90, 103
information technologyAustralia, 50, 111Germany, 14, 15, 18, 19, 23, 54see also communications
technologyinfrastructure, 96–101
Australia, 97, 98–100, 101, 107Germany, 12, 13, 19, 21, 97–8
insurance industryAustralia, 38, 79, 82–3Germany, 19
Invest Australia, 20
koalas, 75knowledge economy, 50–83Kyoto Protocol, 38, 104
labour market reformAustralia, 106, 107 Germany, 14
laser technology in Germany, 54, 56legislation and regulation
Australia, 79Germany, 17, 79, 80
Leighton Holdings, 39logistics
Australia, 40, 44Germany, 19, 21, 23, 40
Low-Emission Technology Fund(Australia), 103
Lower Saxony, 21
Macquarie Infrastructure Group(MIG), 98, 101
manufacturingAustralia, 34–5, 36, 40, 42, 43,
44, 45Germany, 13, 14, 19, 36, 56
Max Planck Society, 54, 56, 57, 73Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 21media and publishing in Germany, 15,
19, 20, 21, 22medical research and technology,
69–71Australia, 51, 52, 59Germany, 15, 19, 21, 23
Mercedes-Benz, 23, 128microelectronics, 22, 56minerals and mining
Australia, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 52,70, 88–9, 90, 109–11
Germany, 13, 111Minerals Council of Australia, 97, 109
nanotechnology, 54, 71National Water Commission
(Australia), 93NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation), 12natural resources in Australia, 34, 39,
40, 41, 42, 43 see also energy; minerals and
mining; waterNew South Wales, 38–40, 69, 74, 99,
109, 110, 160Northern Territory, 44–5, 99North Rhine-Westphalia, 21–2
oil see minerals and miningOrganisation for Economic
Cooperation and Development(OECD)
on Australia, 106, 107, 146, 147on Germany, 14
Orlando Wyndham, 134Oztrack, 19
Pernod Ricard, 134pharmaceutical industry, 68, 72–5
Australia, 69, 73–4, 75 Germany, 22, 23, 36, 72–3, 74
plastics industry in Germany, 22pollution control
Australia, 103–4Germany, 94, 95, 104–5see also environmental
managementpopulation
Australia, 42, 44Germany, 12, 13, 21
ports Australia, 44, 96, 99, 110Germany, 13, 15
privatisation of public enterprisesAustralia, 89, 100, 106Germany, 80, 108
productivityAustralia, 34Germany, 23
public private partnership (PPP)Australia, 21, 101, 107Germany, 21, 98, 107–8
QBE, 83Queensland, 40, 70, 99, 109,
123, 159
research and development, 50–9,68–71, 72–5
Australia, 50–3, 123, 124–5Germany, 15, 22, 23, 124–5see also universities and research
institutesReserve Bank (Australia), 79, 97, 106ResMed, 19retirement
Australia, 80–1Germany, 14
Rhineland-Palatinate, 22
Saarland, 22Saxony, 22–3Saxony-Anhalt, 23Schenker, 40, 151Schleswig-Holstein, 23Science Industry Association
(Australia), 70Scientific and Technological
Cooperation agreement, 58shipbuilding in Germany, 19, 21, 23Siemens VDO, 124–5Society for Australian-German
Student Exchange (SAGSE), 148solar technology
Australia, 88–9, 90Germany, 23, 55, 56, 88
South Australia, 40–1, 70, 99,110–11, 123, 150
Southcorp, 133sport, 162–3
Australia, 156, 159, 162–3Germany, 156, 162–3
Staedtler, 139states and territories
Australia, 38–45Germany (Länder), 12, 14, 17–23,
80 Sydney Futures Exchange, 82
Tasmania, 41–2, 99, 123textiles, 23, 131–2 Thiess Hochtief Joint Venture, 101Thuringia, 23
tourism and travelAustralia, 40, 41, 44, 149, 158–61Germany, 19, 21, 23, 149, 154–7,
161Tourism Australia, 161Tourism New South Wales, 160trade agreements, Australian, 35–6,
40, 45trade fairs, 15, 20, 21, 22, 58, 125transport and logistics
Australia, 44, 99, 100, 107Germany, 19, 21, 98, 107–8
United Nations, 12unemployment,
Australia, 107Germany, 13–14, 97, 126, 128
universities and research institutes,158–9, 168–71
Australia, 51–3, 56Germany, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23,
54–7, 97Australian–German cooperation,
58–9, 72–5
VDO Australia, 59Victoria, 42, 69, 99, 123, 124,
132, 162
waste managementAustralia, 20, 103Germany, 20, 103, 105
water management, 92–5Australia, 52, 92–4, 95Germany, 93, 94–5
Western Australia, 42, 43, 99, 110Wilhelm Leibnitz Society (Germany),
54, 57wind power, 90, 91, 103
see also energywine production and technology,
133–6Australia, 36, 40, 41, 50, 133–5Germany, 23, 134–6
workforceAustralia, 34, 81Germany, 12, 23
Working Group of Industrial ResearchOrganisations (Germany), 57
World Bank, 106
192 PHOTO CREDITS
PHOTO CREDITS
Allianz Insurance p83 AP Photo/Christof Stache p91Australian Financial Review p34, p37 Andrew Chianci/Australian Antarctic Division,
© Commonwealth of Australia p53 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology
Organisation p50 Australian Stock Exchange p106Barbara Barkhausen p123 © Baulderstone Hornibrooke p108BHP Billiton p109, p110 (above right) Bovis Lend Lease p102Brad Hicks p130, p131 (left) Bayer p68, p69, p75 Broken Hill Regional Tourism Association
p33 (inset) Cochlear Institute p51 CSIRO p52 DaimlerChrysler p128 Deutchse Bahn AG/Piekarski/Invest in
Germany p99Deutsche Zentrale für Tourismus (DZT):
DZT/Klaus and Dirk Lehnartz p6, p12;DZT/Angelika Francke p11 (inset); DZT/EricEichberger p13, p163 (above); DZT/JoachimMesserschmidt p15, p125; DZT/Hans PeterMerten p16, p104, p153 (right);DZT/Ruhrgebiet Tourismus GmbH p17;DZT/Andrew Cowin p18, p82 (right); DZT-Pressebüro p20 (left), p106 (right);DZT/Bremen Touristik Zentrale GmbH(BTZ) p20 (right); DZT/Jim McDonald p21,p22; DZT/Mittelrhein Musikmomente p23;DZT/Norbert Krüger p95; DZT/DusseldorfMarketing & Tourismus GmbH p132;DZT/Andreas Kaster p134; DZT/BremenTouristik Zentrale GmbH p145 (inset);DZT/Ruhrgebiet Tourismus GmbH p152;DTZ/Stuttgart Marketing p153 (left);DZT/Andrew Cowin p154 (left); DZT/ RogerSchäfer, Schäfer & Partner p155;DZT/Würzburg Congress TourismusWirtschaft p156; DZT/Jochen Keute p157;DZT/Andreas Kaster p165
Enviromission p88, p89Ergoport Pty Ltd p138 (below)Fraunhofer Society p55 (above and below), p59,
p71, p105, p171korban flaubert pty ltd p138 (above)GM Holden p121 (inset), p122, p123Group of Eight Universities p56Hannoverfairs Australia (CeBIT) p58Image Library Darling Harbour Authority
disc p135Louise Lister p136 (right)Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität p74, p149 Malte Wagenfeld p139MAN Nutzfahzeuge p124Max Planck Institute p54, p57National Museum of Australia disc p32
NSW Department of State and RegionalDevelopment disc p70, pp80–81, p96,pp100–101, p103, p107, p131 (right)
Pacific Hydro Ltd p90 Photodisc p49 (inset), p73, p79, p86,
p87 (inset), p98Photo Essentials, Philip Green, © Canon
Information Systems Research Australia1994-1996 p44, p45, p79, p86, p87, p160 (below)
Photolibrary front cover, endpapers, p1, p8,pp10–11, p165
Porsche AG/Invest in Germany p127Rio Tinto Iron Ore p110 (above left and below
right), p111Siekamp Einrichtungsysteme Pty Ltd, Sydney
pp120–121, p137Steven Blaess p140 Technical University Munich p14, p147 Takashi Morieda p136 (left) Thiess p99Tourism Australia p38, p39, p41, p42, p43
(above), p133, pp144–145, p158, p159, p160(above) p161, p162
Tourism Queensland p 40, pp92–93, p94, p163 (below)
University of Queensland pp48–49, p72, p146Volkswagen AG/Invest in Germany p126Woodside p35, p43 (below)
Sponsor pagesAll photos supplied by sponsors.Deutsche Bank p84, photos by Rocket Mattler(right), Martin Vanderwal (left).
EndpapersFront: A detail of the soaring roof of the SydneyOpera House.Back: The interior of the Reichstag dome in Berlin.