2003 Silver Fleece Awards 1. Clonaid- Claim to have cloned humans – Says that cloning will “enable mankind to reach eternal life” – Claims that memories and personality will be transferred into a brand new body 2. Urbana Nutrition, Inc. - – Market “Longevity” as anti-aging re no methods or products that actually slow, stop or reverse Leonard Hayflick, U. of California, San Francisco The recipients represent “an egregious example of people feeding a line of bull to the public.” Source- AP news, Friday, March 14, 2
2003 Silver Fleece Awards. The recipients represent “an egregious example of people feeding a line of bull to the public.”. 1. Clonaid- Claim to have cloned humans Says that cloning will “enable mankind to reach eternal life” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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2003 Silver Fleece Awards
1. Clonaid- Claim to have cloned humans– Says that cloning will “enable mankind to reach
eternal life”– Claims that memories and personality will be
transferred into a brand new body
2. Urbana Nutrition, Inc. - – Market “Longevity” as anti-aging
“There are no methods or products that actually slow, stop or reverse aging”Leonard Hayflick, U. of California, San Francisco
The recipients represent “an egregious example of people feeding a line of bull to the public.”
Source- AP news, Friday, March 14, 2003
X chromosome inactivation-Review- Panning an Jaenisch, RNA and the epigenetic regulation of X
chromosome inactivation. Cell 93:305, 1998
A. Introduction- Barr bodies first described in females in 1949 Turners syndrome (45,X) are Barr body negative;
Kleinfelters syndrome (47, XXY) are Barr body positive
Lyon hypothesis- one of the two X chromosomes in female is inactivated; all but one is inactivated if multiple X chromosomes - referred to as “dosage compensation”
• Introduction- X-chromosome inactivation occurs at day 3 of
embyrogenesis Inactivation process is random Inactivation state maintained throughout life
• A few genes remain active in the inactive X chromosome, including XIST at Xq13
X chromosome inactivation
Dosage compensation comparisons
2-fold increasein males
2-fold decreasein females
Stably inactivate one Xchromosome
2X
1X
2X
1X
X chromosome inactivation in flys and worms
Distinct mechanisms to achieve dosage compensation C. elegans- Dosage compensation by reducing gene
activity by two fold on each X chromosome Mechanism- if one X-, XO-lethal gene is on resulting in
male determination Drosophila- Stimulate X gene transcription 2-fold in males
to equal levels from each X
– chromosomes in female
Mammals- X-inactivation is used to compensate for 2 X chromosomes
Three steps-
1. choice- occurs in embryonic cells Xist is expressed from both X chromosomes in