2003-09-28 The BigSmoke in New England, July 2002

The BigSmoke in New England, July 2002 Smoke transport from Quebec to New England to …

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See also the Aerosol Events Website for discussion

MODIS image

Fire Pixels from MODIS, June 25-July 6, 2002

• Several satellite sensor (MODIS, GOES, AVHRR, ATSR…..) detect the location of most fires - DAILY• These ‘fire pixels’ can be used as sensor-based inputs to regional/global models, e.g. NAAPS• However, the quantity of smoke emitted from the from the ‘fire pixels’ can not be estimated well . • Hence, real-time model simulation of smoke transport is limited by the smoke emission estimates

Quebec Fires

Note pixel clusters due to larger fires

Manitoba – Sask. Fires

Note pixel clusters due to larger fires

SE US Fires

Random pixels from small fires

MODIS: The Fine-Scale Picture

The Fires and the Smoke Transport of Smoke from N. Quebec to SE Canada and NE US.

020705MODIS 020706 MODIS

MODIS Land Rapid Response System

020707 MODIS

SeaWiFS Hires: The Regional Picture

• Preceding and during the Quebec smoke event, there was a sulfate episode over the Eastern US.

• The Quebec smoke has a distinctly yellow color, different from the bluish sulfate haze.

020706SeaWiFS 020707SeaWiFS 020708SeaWiFS

Sulfate

Haze

Sulfate

Haze

Sulfate

HazeSmoke Smoke

Smoke

GOES 8 Animation

July 6 animation: low-resolution, high resolution July 7 animation: low resolution, high resolution

HazeCam - Boston

• 020706 10:00 Normal bluish haze

• 020707 10:00 Yellow haze - smoke

CamNet -Webcam

HazeCam - Newark

• 020705 17:00 Clear

• 020706 17:00

• Yellow haze - smoke

CamNet -Webcam

HazeCam - Hartford

• 020705 9:00 Normal bluish haze

• 020707 09:00 Yellow haze – smoke

• Why is this smoke so yellow??

CamNet -Webcam

Smoke Pattern from

ASOS Visibility sensors

The largest circles correspond to > 100 ug/m3 PM2.5

ASOS Bext Pattern

S. Ontario, Canada Baltimore, DC

W,. New York Burlington, VT

Boston, MA

Hartford, CT

SeaWiFS & ASOS & TOMS

• SeaWiFS & ASOS Yellow circles proportional to ASOS Bext

• SeaWiFS & TOMS absorbing aerosol index.

• Notes: Yellow color (absorbing in blue?); no TOMS for fresh smoke

SeaWiFS & TOMS

Quebec Fires, July 6, 2002

SeaWiFS, METAR and TOMS Index superimposed

SeaWiFS satellite and

METAR surface haze shown in the Voyager distributed data

browser

Satellite data are fetched from NASA GSFC; surface data

from NWS/CAPITA servers

GOES 8 – METAR

July 6, 2002 8:15, 12:15, 16:15 EST

GOES8 20020706_1315 UTC

GOES8 20020706_1315

GOES8 20020706_1715 UTC

GOES8 20020706_2115 UTC

Voyager Spatio-Temporal Data Browser

TOMS: The Big Picture

Absorbing Aerosol Index

July 5: The near-source, low level smoke is not detected by TOMS

July 5

July 6

July 7

July 8

July 9

July 6-7: Smoke plume signal is very intense over S. Ontario and NE US.

July 8-9: Transport to the Atlantic.

Where will the smoke reach Europe?

How intense, will it be detectable?

Would anyone run Hysplit, ATAD?

July 10

July 11

Trans-Atlantic Transport of Quebec Smoke

July 11: Smoke approaching Europe

July 10: Quebec smoke over Mid-Atlantic

SeaWiFS Reflectance

TOMS Absorbing Aerosol

SeaWiFS Reflectance

TOMS Absorbing Aerosol

Spain

Spain

E. US

NRL Forecast Model for Dust, Smoke and SulfateMETAR Surface Haze

• Real-time model and surface observations are compared spatially and temporally• By July 11 the smoke has cleared, but the EUS sulfate episode persisted

Dust

Sulfate

Smoke

METAR HazeTime Selector

Micro Pulse Lidar, NASA Goddard