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American Renaissance - 1 - April 2001 Continued on page 3 There is not a truth existing which I fear or would wish unknown to the whole world. Thomas Jefferson V ol. 12, No. 4 April 2001 The Revolution in Haiti American Renaissance The slaughter that brought Africa to our doorstep. by James P. Lubinskas M ost Americans do not give much thought to Haiti. They may know it is a black, French-speaking coun- try, which shares the Caribbean is- land of Hispaniola with the Do- minican Republic. From what they see on television they realize it is a poor, violent nation ruled by a suc- cession of dictators, each seem- ingly worse than the last. They may also associate Haiti with AIDS, crime, drug gangs, boat people and environment al disasters. These are all correct associations but the history of Haiti puts all this in a broader con- text. It offers one of the most sobering lessons about race in the New World. It is a story that is rarely told, but the grim realities of the Haitian revolution and its aftermath are just as worthy of our attention today as they were 200 years ago. None other than Lothrop Stoddard (see AR, Jan. 2000), who wrote his Ph.D. thesis on Haiti and later published it as The French Revolution in San  Domingo, called the black uprising “the first shock between the ideals of white supremacy and racial equality.” Haiti is a nation of eight million people packed into an area the size of Maryland. The illiteracy rate is 60 per- cent, the unemployment rate 65 percent, and the average  per capita annual in- come is estimated at $225—the lowest in the hemisphere and less than one tenth the Latin America/Caribbean average. The United Nations says 60 percent of the population is sexually active by age 12 and the average number of births per woman is 4.8—the highest in the hemi- sphere. The population is expected to double to 16 million by 2030, and Haiti’s overpopulation is ravaging the environ- ment. At the turn of the century it still had half of its original forests, but to- day only 1.5 percent are left. Most Hai- tians depend on firewood for fuel. Ev- ery year American relief workers plant six million saplings but Haitians cut down 25-30 million trees, causing the erosion of 15,000 acres of farmland. As a result, 25 of Haiti’s 30 watersheds are essentially denuded. Haiti must import 60 percent of its food, and is teeming with poor, diseased, desperate people ea- ger to come to America. Only the US Coast Guard prevents the nation from moving en masse to Florida. It was not always like this in the land once called “the gem of the West Indies.” French San Domingo Columbus discovered the island in 1492 and named it “la Isla Española,” which was later shortened to Hispaniola. For a brief period, until the promising discoveries of Peru and Mexico, it was the center of Spanish colonization. The Spanish did not stay long but their stay was important. They killed most of the Arawak Indians, and when they left for other colonies they set their livestock free. The Spanish maintained a presence on the eastern part of the island but aban- doned the west. Other Europeans ignored Hispaniola for nearly 100 years but settlers who came in the 1600s found an island filled with cattle and pigs, and empty of hos- tile natives. The new arrivals to the western part were mostly bucca- neers who preyed on Spanish ships and hunted the abundant wild cattle (the word “buccaneer” comes from the French boucaner , “to barbecue beef”). As the Spanish consoli- dated their hold to the east, the French slowly took control of the west, which became French San Do- mingo. By the 1700s the colony was turning from what Stoddard called “a nest of hunters and pirates,” into a thriv- ing outpost of agriculture and trade. At the time of the French Revolution in 1789, French San Domingo was at its most prosperous. In the rich aluvial Plaine du Nord there were a thousand plantation houses set behind pillared gateways, which sparkled at night with the illumination of elaborate balls. The colony was one of the leading exporters of coffee, sugar, cocoa and cotton, and in 1789 the dollar value of its trade ex- ceeded that of the United States. How- ever, its affluence was based on a frag- ile racial dynamic of 40,000 whites rul- ing 500,000 black slaves—the majority African-born. There was also an inter- mediate class of 27,000 mulattos who had come about because of an initial scarcity of white women, and which would play an important role in the fu- ture of the colony. Even after the arrival of French women, it was common for wealthy whites to keep mulatto mistresses. Still, American soldiers guard the Presidential Palace after the 1994 invasion to “restore democracy.” Haiti was once called “the gem of the West Indies.”
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American Renaissance - 1 - April 2001

Continued on page 3

There is not a truth existing which I fear or would wish unknown to the whole world.— Thomas Jefferson

Vol. 12, No. 4 April 2001

The Revolution in Haiti

American Renaissance

The slaughter that broughtAfrica to our doorstep.

by James P. Lubinskas

Most Americans do notgive much thought toHaiti. They may know it

is a black, French-speaking coun-try, which shares the Caribbean is-land of Hispaniola with the Do-minican Republic. From what theysee on television they realize it is apoor, violent nation ruled by a suc-cession of dictators, each seem-ingly worse than the last. They mayalso associate Haiti with AIDS,crime, drug gangs, boat people andenvironmental disasters. These areall correct associations but the historyof Haiti puts all this in a broader con-text. It offers one of the most sobering

lessons about race in the New World. Itis a story that is rarely told, but the grimrealities of the Haitian revolution andits aftermath are just as worthy of ourattention today as they were 200 yearsago. None other than Lothrop Stoddard(see AR, Jan. 2000), who wrote hisPh.D. thesis on Haiti and later publishedit as The French Revolution in San Domingo, called the black uprising “thefirst shock between the ideals of whitesupremacy and racial equality.”

Haiti is a nation of eight millionpeople packed into an area the size of

Maryland. The illiteracy rate is 60 per-cent, the unemployment rate 65 percent,and the average per capita annual in-come is estimated at $225—the lowestin the hemisphere and less than one tenththe Latin America/Caribbean average.The United Nations says 60 percent of the population is sexually active by age12 and the average number of births perwoman is 4.8—the highest in the hemi-sphere. The population is expected todouble to 16 million by 2030, and Haiti’s

overpopulation is ravaging the environ-ment. At the turn of the century it stillhad half of its original forests, but to-day only 1.5 percent are left. Most Hai-tians depend on firewood for fuel. Ev-ery year American relief workers plant

six million saplings but Haitians cut

down 25-30 million trees, causing theerosion of 15,000 acres of farmland. Asa result, 25 of Haiti’s 30 watersheds areessentially denuded. Haiti must import60 percent of its food, and is teemingwith poor, diseased, desperate people ea-

ger to come to America. Only the USCoast Guard prevents the nation from

moving en masse to Florida. It was notalways like this in the land once called“the gem of the West Indies.”

French San Domingo

Columbus discovered the island in1492 and named it “la Isla Española,”which was later shortened to Hispaniola.For a brief period, until the promisingdiscoveries of Peru and Mexico, it wasthe center of Spanish colonization. The

Spanish did not stay long but their staywas important. They killed most of theArawak Indians, and when they left forother colonies they set their livestock free. The Spanish maintained a presenceon the eastern part of the island but aban-

doned the west. Other Europeansignored Hispaniola for nearly 100years but settlers who came in the1600s found an island filled withcattle and pigs, and empty of hos-tile natives. The new arrivals to thewestern part were mostly bucca-neers who preyed on Spanish shipsand hunted the abundant wild cattle(the word “buccaneer” comes fromthe French boucaner , “to barbecuebeef”). As the Spanish consoli-dated their hold to the east, theFrench slowly took control of the

west, which became French San Do-mingo. By the 1700s the colony wasturning from what Stoddard called “anest of hunters and pirates,” into a thriv-ing outpost of agriculture and trade.

At the time of the French Revolutionin 1789, French San Domingo was atits most prosperous. In the rich aluvialPlaine du Nord there were a thousandplantation houses set behind pillaredgateways, which sparkled at night withthe illumination of elaborate balls. Thecolony was one of the leading exportersof coffee, sugar, cocoa and cotton, andin 1789 the dollar value of its trade ex-ceeded that of the United States. How-ever, its affluence was based on a frag-

ile racial dynamic of 40,000 whites rul-ing 500,000 black slaves—the majorityAfrican-born. There was also an inter-mediate class of 27,000 mulattos whohad come about because of an initialscarcity of white women, and whichwould play an important role in the fu-ture of the colony.

Even after the arrival of Frenchwomen, it was common for wealthywhites to keep mulatto mistresses. Still,

American soldiers guard the Presidential Palaceafter the 1994 invasion to “restore democracy.”

Haiti was oncecalled “the gem of the

West Indies.”

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Letters from ReadersSir — The examples of persecution

you cite from France and Germany [in“Return to the Dark Ages” in the March

issue] are straight out of the old Sovietempire in its war against dissidents. WeEuropeans are indeed returning to a NewDark Ages. The European Union hasgone a long way towards creating theSoviet Union mark II, and this is yetanother reason we British should resistfurther integration or, preferably, with-draw altogether.

You are quite right to argue that thesocial costs of suppressing error (andoverwhelmingly it is not error that isbeing suppressed at all) far outweigh thebenefits. This was, as you correctly as-

sert, a major conceptual breakthroughin human thought and one that was madein a very small part of Western Europe—and not in China, Russia, South Ame-rica, the Middle East and certainly notin Africa. Censorship was a major fac-tor in the collapse of the Soviet Empire.Soviet-style censorship is death to post-industrial societies—a warning we ig-nore at our peril.

Double standards and hypocrisy areeverywhere. The same leftists and so-called conservatives, who would love tosee AR banned, are the same people who

turn a blind eye to, or gush about thehate-filled lyrics of rap and hip hop. Pre-sumably, these are among the many ben-efits of “diversity.” Recently, GregDyke, a senior figure in the BBC, de-clared that the BBC was “hideouslywhite.” Imagine the breast beating if hehad said the Commission for RacialEquality and Equal Opportunities Com-mission were “hideously black.”

Your article is one of the best things Ihave read in AR, or anywhere else for

that matter, on the nature of the viciousand increasingly brazen new age of cen-sorship. It is a timely, superbly writtenarticle. I just hope enough people willheed the warning. Time is not on our

side.Frank Ellis, Leeds, England

Sir — I commend you for the themeand content of “Return to the Dark Ages.” In addressing the consequencesof Holocaust denial, it was clear youwere not interested in debating the mer-its of the positions taken by the Holo-caust establishment, but rather to con-sider the silencing of dissent. However,even to tread in this area, so zealouslyguarded by a powerful ethnic group, re-

quires courage not found in mainstream,“conservative” publications, and I ap-plaud you.

P. Stephen Keith, Blairs, Va.

Sir — The ten-page lead article in theMarch issue of AR should be read care-fully by all people who value intellec-tual freedom. Brutally enforced censor-ship laws are a demonstration that thecensors seek to reinforce and propagatefalsehoods. The detailed enumerationsin your article of the victims of censor-

ship and their outrageous treatment area powerful protest against intellectualtyranny. A further important value of thearticle was that it brought out the factthat respectable, idealistic and coura-geous men with outstanding credentialshave been expressing well-foundeddoubts about propaganda generated dur-ing the Second World War. Some of thispropaganda is still being used to weaken,confuse, and demoralize our race.

Charles Weber, Tulsa, Ok.

Sir— I do agree with you that ARshould oppose any and all forms of cen-sorship, on-line or off-line, in Americaor abroad. However, this does not meanwe should give credence to people likeWillis Carto and his various frontgroups. The exact number of Holocaustdeaths is open to debate, but David

Irving’s figure of something in theneighborhood of one million is way toolow, which can be shown as follows. Thepopulation of Jews in pre-war Europewas in the range of 8 to 9 million. Afterthe war, it was 3 to 4 million. Hence,the total dead are in the range of 4 to 6million.

Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Memo-rial in Israel, currently has the names of 4 million dead, which conforms to thelower bound. The figure of 6 millionmay be considered the upper bound andis probably too high—but that’s what

Eichmann said it was. Recall that theNazis destroyed all of the documenta-tion related to the Holocaust at the endof the war. The Holocaust deniers/revi-sionists are really Hitler apologists,rather than objective social scientiststrying to establish the facts.

You’ve done a fine, objective job inpresenting the facts of black crime.Please do the same in discussing thecrimes of the Nazis. Note: the Jews are just as Caucasian as the Irish, the French,the British, the Italians, and even theGermans.

Ronald W. Satz

Sir — Your discussion of censorshipand suppression in Canada need nothave stopped with Ernst Zundel andDoug Collins. A little-known but sig-nificant case is that of Donna Upson,who was sentenced to two years in aNova Scotia prison for telling a black clergyman he was unfit to preach. Noethnic slurs or epithets were alleged. Inher confinement, Donna is now sub- jected to daily de-programming ses-

sions, and a prison psychologist has toldher she can be held indefinitely if sherefuses to embrace multiculturalism.Cases like these have inspired Canadianpatriots to refer to their country as “So-viet Canuckistan.” I would pay closeattention to events to our north, for theymay give us a glimpse of our own fu-ture.

Steve Meisenbach, San Francisco

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American Renaissance is published monthly by the

New Century Foundation. NCF is governed by section501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code; contributionsto it are tax deductible.

Subscriptions to American Renaissance are $24.00 per year. First-class postage isan additional $6.00. Subscriptions to Canada (first class) and overseas (surface mail)are $30.00. Overseas airmail subscriptions are $40.00. Back issues are $3.00 each.Foreign subscribers should send U.S. dollars or equivalent in convertible bank notes.

Please make checks payable to: American Renaissance, P.O. Box 527, Oakton, VA22124. ISSN No. 1086-9905, Telephone: (703) 716-0900, Facsimile: (703) 716-0932,Web Page Address: www.amren.com Electronic Mail: [email protected]

Continued from page 1

American Renaissance

Jared Taylor, EditorJames P. Lubinskas, Contributing Editor

Glayde Whitney, Contributing EditorGeorge McDaniel, Web Page Editor

the color line was well observed whenit came to marriage. The few white menwho married mulattos were shunned by

white society and stripped of manyrights—with the French government’sapproval. One priest who had refusedmarriage to a white and a mulatto wascommended by a French minister whowrote: “His Majesty’s pleasure is not topermit the mixing of the bloods; yourprevention of the marriage in questionis therefore approved.”

Officially classified as “free peopleof color,” mulattos could own land, busi-nesses, and even slaves. They despisedthe slaves but resented the whites, towhom they were subordinate. Mulattos

could not vote or hold office. They weresegregated in theaters, shops andchurches, and even the wealthiest mu-latto was the social inferior of the poor-est white.

Whites of all classes as well as theauthorities in France considered thecolor line natural and necessary. Out-

numbered 13-to-1 by blacks and mulat-tos, whites had good reason to stayunited in the face of occasional upris-ings on rural plantations in which slavesslaughtered all the whites they couldcatch. Moreover, the French blamed therelative failure of Spanish and Portu-guese colonies on miscegenation, anddid not want to make the same mistake.Whites would maintain the color line atall costs, but the bitterness of the mixed-race class would soon find a sympathetic

In the words of Mira-beau, whites “slept on the

edge of Vesuvius.”

therefore under siege from slaves, mul-attos and their own government. Onewhite who managed to return to Francepredicted the outcome: “You may an-nounce unreservedly that it is all overwith San Domingo. One of three thingswill follow: the whites will exterminatethe whole mulatto caste; the mulattos

will destroy the whites; or the negroeswill profit by these dissensions to anni-hilate both the whites and the mulattos.But in any case, San Domingo shouldbe erased from the maps of France.”

The commission arrived and went towork, forcing whites to recognize fullcitizenship rights for mulattos. The re-sult was chaos and race war. By 1793,most whites had either been killed orfled to France or the United States.(About 10,000 settled in the U.S. wherethey were received sympathetically.Many soldiers who had accompanied the

French commission also left with themrather than help destroy their ownpeople.)

With the defeat of the whites, mulat-tos expected to rule in their place, ex-

ploiting the labor of black slaves,but the blacks, led by GeneralPierre Dominique Toussaint

L’Ouverture (1743-1803) andsupported by the French gov-

ernment, rose up against themulattos. Badly outnum-bered and without allies,“the yellow caste” soon

met the same fate as thewhites. L’Ouverture and histroops slaughtered them by

the thousand.By 1801, the former

slave was supreme ruler of San Domingo. Hestrengthened ties with theBritish, who helped keephis troops well armed inexchange for suppliesfrom the naturally rich is-

land. In 1800 he invitedwhites back to the island, assuring them

they would be well treated. A few thou-sand returned. He gave many back theirplantations and ordered most blacks towork for the whites and for the state.The powerful military made short work of anyone who opposed this neo-slavery.When L’Ouverture’s nephew, a black general named Moyse, led a revoltagainst these “pro-white” policiesL’Ouverture put down the insurrectionand executed his nephew. In 1801 hedrew up a new constitution and ap-

ear. In the words of the revolutionaryleader Honoré de Mirabeau, whites“slept on the edge of Vesuvius.”

The French Revolution

After the French Revolution and theoverthrow of Louis XVI, most whitesin San Domingo expected to receivemore say in running the co-lony. This hope turned to ter-ror as they learned of the newregime’s revolutionary racialplans. In 1788 a French pam-phleteer named Jacques Bris-sot had formed the Amis des Noirs (Friends of the Blacks).Patterned after English aboli-

tionist groups, the societysoon became far more radi-cal. Most of the future Jacobinleaders such as Lafayette,Condorcet, Mirabeau andRobbespierre were mem-bers, and chapters soonspread throughout France.San Domingo was subjectto French rule, and colo-nists began to wonder howfar these zealots wouldtake their slogan “Liberty,Equality, Fraternity.”

Almost from the beginning, the Na-tional Assembly in Paris pushed for fullcitizenship rights for mulattos. Mulat-tos were emboldened and whites dis-tressed when the Jacobins announced in1792 they were sending a civil commis-sion—supported by 6,000 troops—toSan Domingo to enforce the rights of mulattos. When the black slaves heardthe news they went into open revolt inthe hope that they, too, would get free-dom. Whites in San Domingo were

Toussaint L’Ouverture

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pointed himself “Governor for life” withthe right to appoint his successor. Muchlike post-colonial African leaders, the“black George Washington,” as he is of-ten called, made himself dictator.

Why didn’t the French take a greaterrole in suppressing the violence aftermore conservative elements regained

control in Paris? In fact, Napoleonwanted to send troops but was stretchedthin with campaigns in India and Egyptand war with Britain. In 1802, afterpeace with Britain, Napoleon did man-age to send a force of 12,000 underCharles Leclerc with orders to take SanDomingo, restore it to French rule, andarrest L’Ouverture. Napoleon did not atfirst plan to reestablish slavery but hewanted to restore French sovereigntyover a white-run colony. The outnum-bered French defeated the blacks, forc-ing L’Ouverture to surrender in the

spring of 1802. Leclerc thought it bestto pardon L’Ouverture and let him re-turn to civilian life rather than exile himto France, but kept a wary eye on him.Most of the black soldiers came over tothe victorious French side.

What appeared to be a success soonturned to failure. That summer a greatmany French soldiers, as well as thou-sands of civilians, caught yellow feverand died. L’Ouverture began to plot anuprising against the weakened French,but blacks loyal to Leclerc managed tolure him within the French lines and

capture him. Leclerc packed L’Ouver-ture off to jail in France where he caughttuberculosis and died. Nevertheless, asdisease continued to ravage the whitetroops, Leclerc began to depend increas-ingly on the doubtful loyalty of black generals and their followers. To Le-clerc’s dismay, Napoleon rescinded theban on the slave trade and urged the re-establishment of slavery in the colonies.The black soldiers were furious, andmany went into insurrection. Napoleon

With this final slaughter, French SanDomingo vanished from history and theblack nation of Haiti arrived.

Africa in the New World

Haiti was the second nation in theWestern Hemisphere—after the United

States—to gain independence, and Hai-tians will officially mark their bicenten-nial in 2004. It is unlikely that evenAfrocentric blacks will celebrate thismilestone with much enthusiasm. After200 years of black rule there is little of which to boast. A United Nations reportsays Haiti may soon be incapable of sup-porting human life.

Besides AIDS, crime, drugs, povertyand environmental destruction, Haiti hasa form of slavery called restavec. AHaitian Creole term meaning “stayswith,” a restavec is a poor child sold to

a wealthy family as a servant. The gov-ernment itself accepts a U.N. estimateof 300,000 such children in Haiti. Jean-Robert Cadet, a former restavec whoescaped to America wrote a book in1999 called Restavec: From Haitian

Slave Child to Middle Class American.He says restavecs “are treated worsethan slaves because . . . their supplyseems inexhaustible.” Mr. Cadet saysrestavecs are often beaten and raped.Despite prodding from the U.N., theEuropean Union, and the CatholicChurch, Haitian officials have donenothing to stop this practice.

Many Haitian children are fed by aidfrom the U.S. and the U.N. Haiti getsby far the biggest slice of U.S. aid in theWestern Hemisphere (20 percent). From1994 to 1999, U.S. taxpayers pouredover $2.3 billion dollars into Haiti butrelief officials are giving up in dismayat the meager results. Even some inCongress have begun to notice we havelittle to show for our money. Represen-tative Porter Goss of Florida says,“We’ve been ripped off in Haiti and I

The most common way to transport goods.

The business district of Port-au-Prince.

reestablished restrictions on mulattos aswell—something completely impos-sible to enforce in San Domingo—which broke down the strong antipathybetween blacks and mulattos and unitedthem against the French.

Leclerc himself died of yellow feverlater in 1802 but the death knell of white-

run San Domingo was the out-break in May 1803 of anotherwar with Britain. The Britishblockaded the island and sup-ported the blacks and mulattosin what was now open race waragainst the French. In Novem-ber 1803 the French surren-dered and sailed away, leavingSan Domingo in the hands of Jean-Jacques Dessalines (1758-1806), a former slave who hadbeen one of L’Ouverture’s gen-

erals. It is this combination of yellow

fever and support from the British thataccounts for the Afrocentric claim thata black army “defeated” Napoleon.

Dessalines, who crowned himself Emperor Jacques I, wanted to break allties with France. One symbolic step wasto change the name of thecolony to Haiti, which iswhat the Arawaks calledthe island. He guaranteedsafety to whites who re-mained, and even encour-aged more to come, but thiswas a ruse. In early 1805,

he ordered their extermina-tion. A French officer whoescaped described the car-nage:

“The murder of the whites in de-tail began at Port-au-Prince in the firstdays of January [1805], but on the 17thand 18th of March they were finishedoff en masse. All, without exception,have been massacred, down to the verywomen and children. . . . A young mu-latto named Fifi Pariset ranged the townlike a madman searching the houses tokill the little children. Many of the men

and women were hewn down by sap-pers, who hacked off their arms andsmashed in their chests. Some were pon-iarded, others mutilated, others ‘passedon the bayonet,’ others disemboweledwith knives or sabers, still others stuck like pigs. At the beginning a great num-ber were drowned. The same generalmassacre has taken place all over thecolony, and as I write you these lines Ibelieve there are not twenty whites stillalive—and these not for long.”

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don’t see why we should put moremoney into it. There’s so much corrup-tion that the only way to make sure aidgets to the people is to fly down thereyourself with some food, hand it to aHaitian, and watch him eat it in yourpresence.”

Attempts to bolster the Haitian

economy have failed. In 1997 Secretaryof State Madeleine Albright flew toHaiti to launch a new privatization pro-gram funded by U.S. investors, and tocelebrate the return of a state-run flourmill to the private sector. Miss Albright’striumphal visit to the mill wasscuttled when advance menfound it occupied by angryformer workers demandingmore severance pay.

What could have been atropical vacation paradise hasbeen ruined, and is so wracked

with crime no travel agencywill recommend it as a desti-nation. “You’re not looking ata tropical country,” says EdScott, a contractor for U.S. aidto Haiti; “you’re looking at aNevada desert.” Tourists ven-ture in at their own risk. InJanuary 2000 a French couplewas stoned to death along withtheir Haitian driver during arobbery. A few days later anAmerican couple was car- jacked at gunpoint and the

woman shot dead.Despite President Clinton’s

claim that the 1994 invasionwas to “restore democracy,”Haiti has almost always beenruled by strongmen. Of the 40rulers of Haiti from it’s inde-pendence to the 1994 invasion,only four left office peacefully.Most of the rest were eithermurdered, ousted in coups, orfled into exile (see chart). In1957 and in 1988 there werefour different regimes in a

single year. In 1999 then-presi-dent René Preval “postponed”elections five times and refusedto call Parliament into session.He ruled by decrees enforcedby the 6,000-man Haitian Na-tional Police. That year the UNaccused the police of commit-ting over 500 serious crimes,including 50 murders.

When elections do takeplace they are a joke. In 1997

only six percent of the voters even both-ered to show up at the polls for parlia-mentary elections. The results were an-nulled because of fraud. In May 2000there was finally another parliamentaryelection. Fifteen people were killed lead-ing up to the vote, two were killed onthe day of the vote, and three opposi-

tion leaders killed after the vote (one wasstoned to death). The government ar-rested more than 20 opposition candi-dates after the elections. The ballotingitself was rife with fraud. The rulingLavalas Party of Mr. Preval and former

president Jean-Bertrand Aristide con-trolled the polling stations and thousandsof votes were “lost” in transit to the capi-tal Port-au-Prince.

Opponents accuse Mr. Preval of be-ing a puppet of Mr. Aristide, a Marxistformer priest ousted in a coup d’etat andput back into power after the US inva-

sion in 1994. Mr. Aristide was barredfrom consecutive terms by the Haitianconstitution but still “won” a Novem-ber 2000 election with 92 percent of thevote, after an opposition boycott. Noteven the United Nations could stomach

this farce. It announced it wasclosing its civilian support mis-sion to Haiti, which was sup-posed to promote democracyand human rights.

Haiti has made one genuinelyunique gift to world culture:voodoo. Eighty percent of the

population is Catholic, 20 per-cent are Protestants, and all 100percent believe in voodoo. Upuntil the 1950s, Catholics triedto stamp out voodoo but havenow adopted some of its rituals.

Mr. Aristide writes in his au-tobiography, “I do not considervoodoo to be an antagonist oran enemy of the Christian faith,”but rather a vital expression of “a society close to nature, black and Haitian.” He added that “inthe veins of voodoo flows a

blood that is Christian.” Protes-tant missionaries report thatmany of their “converts” are ar-dent voodoo believers just look-ing for extra protection.

Mr. Aristide, lapsed priest, isnot the first man with a religiousbackground to run Haiti. Fran-çois “Papa Doc” Duvalier likedto appear in public dressed as thevoodoo deity Baron Samedi.Likewise, at the time of the U.S.invasion, the military leadersscoffed at the American threat.

Provisional President EmileJonassaint said the country’sthree zombie battalions wouldcrawl out of their graves at thebidding of their voodoo mastersand smite the Americans.

What about the Haitians whocome here? There are approxi-mately two million Haitians liv-ing abroad, mainly in the U.S.and Canada. Since more thaneight percent of Haitians are es-

Haiti’s Rulers Since IndependenceRuled Fate

Jean-Jacques Dessalines 1804-06 shotHenri Christophe 1807-20 suicide

(“King” of North Haiti)Alexandre Pétion 1807-18 died of diseaseJean-Pierre Boyer 1818-43 fled to FranceCharles Herard 1843-44 fledPhilippe Guérier 1844-45 died of old ageJean-Louis Pierrot 1845-46 unknownJean-Baptiste Riche 1846-47 unknownFaustin Soulouque 1847-59 fled to JamaicaFabre Geffard 1859-67 fled to JamaicaSylvain Saenave 1867-69 executedNissage Saget 1870-74 retiredMichel Domingue 1874-76 fled to JamaicaBoisrond Canal 1876-79 fled to JamaicaE. Félicité Salomon 1879-88 fled to FranceF. Florvil Hyppolite 1889-96 died of apoplexyTirésias Simon Sam 1896-1902 fled

Nord Alexis 1902-08 fled to JamaicaAntoine Simon 1908-11 fled to JamaicaM. Cincinnatus Leconte 1911-12 blown upTancrède Auguste 1912-13 poisonedMichel Oreste 1913-14 fled to JamaicaOreste Zamor 1914 murdered in jailJ. Davilmar Théodore 1914-15 fledJ. Vilbrun Guillaume Sam 1915 dismemberedAmerican Occupation 1915-1934Sténio Vincent 1930-41 resignedElie Lescot 1941-46 fled to FloridaDumarsais Estime 1946-50 overthrownPaul Magloire 1950-56 overthrownJ. Nemours Pierre-Louis 1956-57 resigned

Franck Sylvain 1957 overthrownDaniel Fignole 1957 overthrownFrançois Duvalier 1957-71 died of diseaseJean-Claude Duvalier 1971-86 fled to FranceHenri Namphy 1986-88 stepped downLeslie Manigat 1988 overthrownHenri Namphy 1988 overthrownProsper Avril 1988-90 fledErtha Pascal-Trouillot 1990 taken hostageJean-Bertrand Aristide 1991 fled to AmericaCédras junta 1991-94 deposedAmerican Occupation 1994

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timated to have the HIV virus, this rep-resents a considerable health risk, butHaitians bring other things with them.In 1998, a Haitian woman on Long Is-land was almost burned to death in a cer-emony by her voodoo priest. He was ap-parently trying to remove evil spiritsfrom her house when he doused her with

a flammable liquid and set her on fire.

When authorities charged him with at-tempted murder local Haitians rallied tohis defense. “Like a lot of ethnic groupswho’ve migrated here, we’ve broughtour culture with us,” explained a com-munity leader.

They have taken the same culture toCanada, where a judge decided it puts adifferent perspective on certain crimes.When two Haitians took turns rapingand smothering a young Haitian woman,Judge Monique Dubreuil gave themonly 18 months house arrest and 100hours of community service. “The ab-

sence of regret of the two accused seemsto be related more to the cultural con-text, particularly with regard to relationswith women,” she explained. She maybe right. In 1997 Miami police weretipped off about a possible wife beat-

ing. When they arrived at the addressthey found a woman tied to a bed and aman swinging a piece of wood. The Hai-tian couldn’t understand what the fusswas about. “I wasn’t beating someoneelse’s wife,” he explained. “This is mywife.”

Even a few restavecs have turned up

in America. In 1999, Florida policeacting on a tip from neighbors re-moved a filthy, unkempt 12-year-old girl from a Haitian home in up-scale Pembroke Pines. She was botha drudge worker and a sex toy forthe young man of the house, whohad been raping her since she wasnine. A trickle of other slaves haveescaped, and authorities have noidea how many more restavecs arestill hidden among the growing

number of Haitian immigrants.More Haitians live in Miami than

anywhere else in America. Their pres-ence does not seem to please Miami’sCubans or even its blacks. Last year ablack activist tried to prevent govern-ment funds earmarked for “African-Americans” from being shared by Hai-tians. This angered Haitians, who re-minded Miami’s blacks that Haitianswill soon outnumber them. This may notbe pleasant. A letter to a Miami news-paper from a newcomer suggests rela-tions are not good: “My experience as aHaitian-American with African-Ameri-can schoolmates was one filled with ra-

cial epithets such as H.B.O. (Haitianbody odor), Haitians eat cats, Haitiansare boat people, and Haitians haveAIDS. These African-American kidswere taught at home to despise Hai-tians.”

Nor is it likely to be pleasant for therest of America. The poorest nation inthe Western Hemisphere—a perfectlittle chunk of Africa—lurks just 600miles off the coast of Florida. A U.S.Embassy survey in November 1999found that 70 percent of Haitians havegiven “serious thought” to leaving. As

things get worse they won’t just think about it. Former U.S. ambassador toHaiti Ernest Preeg says bluntly: “If wedidn’t have a credible Coast Guard in-terdiction policy—which presentlysends these people back—you would betalking about hundreds of thousandslanding on our beaches.”

Some people want to let them come.Black and liberal groups complained bit-terly last year about a New Year’s Eveoperation that sent back 400 Haitian boatpeople. U.S. Rep. Connie Meek (D-Fl)led a group of black protesters waving

placards saying “Equal Justice for Hai-tians,” and demanding the 400 be al-lowed to “stay.” They want to give Hai-tians the same rights as Cubans fleeingcommunism, so that if they set foot inthe U.S. they will be let in.

If these groups get their wish we willbe importing the descendants of thepeople who slaughtered thousands of whites and made Haiti unlivable. In suf-ficient numbers they will have the sameeffect on America.

Of course, we need not look as far asHaiti to understand the link between race

and civilization, and what it means forAmerica. Haiti is nothing more thanCamden or East St. Louis writ large, andwithout the surrounding white societyto support it. Africans remake Africawherever they may go.

Where mangroves used to grow.

Bad MedicineSally Satel, PC, M.D.: How Political Correctness Is Corrupting Medicine,

Basic Books, 2000, $27.00, 285 pp.

Fighting “injustice” rath-er than disease.

reviewed by Thomas Jackson

“For several decades the universi-ties, the law profession and theworkplace have been under as-

sault by people claiming oppression of one sort or another,” writes Sally Satelin the introduction to PC, M.D. “It’s al-most surprising that medicine has beenimmune for so long.” Dr. Satel, a psy-chiatrist and American Enterprise Insti-

tute fellow, warns that the immunity isover. Nuttiness about race and sex has

begun to turn everything from publichealth to psychiatry into a leftist rantagainst the white man. “Indoctrin-ologists,” as Dr. Satel calls them, havenot yet hijacked the entire health pro-fession but their mission is to put ideol-ogy before all else—before science,commonsense, and even patients.

“Schools of Justice”

Public health has improved our livestremendously. Sanitation measures and

the discovery of how germs cause dis-ease have saved millions of lives. To-

day, though, schools of public healthtake a different approach to disease.Having noticed that the rich are healthierthan the poor, and that whites arehealthier than blacks, they have decidedracism and poverty are what really causedisease, and that people therefore havelittle responsibility for their own health.The next step in public health is to stampout inequality, and Dr. Satel has com-piled an eye-opening set of quotationsthat show how far the rot has gone.

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Harvey Fineberg, former dean of Harvard School of Public Health, saysthat “a school of public health is like aschool of justice.” Lawrence Wallack of Portland State University and LoriDorfman of the School of Public Healthat UC, Berkeley say, “The practice of

public health is, to a large degree, theprocess of redesigning society.” WilliamFoege of Emory University School of Public Health says, “Every problem is apublic health problem.” David G.Whites of Indiana-Purdue Universitysays any public health policy that ig-nores “social justice is unworthy of thename.” He wants official designation of “poverty as a medical pathogen.” Onecommon theory is that since capitalismproduces differences in income it mayhave to be eradicated in order to improve

health.The resolutions of the American Pub-

lic Health Association reflect this kindof thinking. APHA has officially con-demned aid to the Nicaraguan contras,called for a “nuclear-weapon-freeworld,” and demanded campaign fi-nance reform. These are “public health”concerns because APHA members havea mission to “redesign society,” a mis-sion that once again betrays the left’sunlimited lust for power.

The theory that injustice makespeople sick is called “the social produc-

tion of disease,” and Dr. Satel reportsthat it often goes so far as to posit that“the good health of the well-off some-how depends on the poor being sick.”It’s not hard to imagine the policies thatfollow. Sally Zierler of Brown Uni-versity’s Department of CommunityHealth offers the following plan to com-bat AIDS: Limit the power of corpora-tions, cap the salaries of CEOs, elimi-nate corporate subsidies, stop corporatecontributions to political candidates, and

strengthen labor unions. This will work because she says AIDS is “a biologicalexpression of social inequality.” Takeaway the inequality and AIDS will dis-appear.

Dr. Satel points out that public healthactivists are selective about the socialconditions that will have to change.

Church-going and marriage are associ-ated with good health, but the activistsare too busy smashing racism and capi-talism to encourage anything like that.

Since it is society that makes peoplesick it is wrong to expect them to look after themselves. Writing with NancyKrieger of the Harvard School of Pub-lic Health, Brown’s Dr. Zierler explainswhy black women take drugs and getAIDS: “In response to daily assaults of racial prejudice and denial of dignity,women may turn to readily availablemind altering substances for relief. . . .

Seeking sanctuary from racial hatredthrough sexual connection as a way toenhance self-esteem . . . may offer re-wards so compelling that condom usebecomes less of a priority.” RodneyClark of the Psychology department atWayne State University would agree. Hesays emphasizing personal responsibil-ity for avoiding disease is “a subtlerform of racism.”

In Dr. Satel’s view, “the notion thatsocial forces are major determinants of health—that they are so overwhelmingin fact that personal responsibility and

self-care are reduced to quaint notionsand middle-class values—is one of themost pernicious themes in PC medi-cine.”

Dr. Satel doesn’t think giving poorpeople money will make them muchhealthier, since they often don’t makegood use of doctors even when they arefree. Slum-dwellers often show no in-terest in free drug treatment, HIVscreening, or vaccinations. She also citesa UCLA study in which nearly all whiteswent back for more visits when a freecancer screening showed an abnormal-

ity but only 75 percent of blacks andHispanics did.

A crucial point Dr. Satel cannot bringherself to make is that good health cor-relates with intelligence. Entirely asidefrom whether they have medical insur-ance, smart people take better care of themselves. They read warning labels,they think about diet, they are morelikely to exercise, and less likely to getfat or take drugs. IQ differences aloneexplain most of the class and race dif-

ferences that upset public health activ-ists.

About the closest Dr. Satel gets to thisobvious but forbidden point is to say:“Social inequalities . . . do not literallyproduce the sedentary lifestyle, obesityand risky behavior that typically under-lie many of the differences in health sta-

tus between the less wealthy and thebetter-off.” True, being poor doesn’tmake you smoke and watch day-timetelevision, but it would have been niceto hear some thoughts on what does.

Not surprisingly, the mental healthfield is even more riddled with “social justice” than public health. Plenty of people who might not swallow the ideathat “sexism” can give you breast can-cer seem to think it can drive you crazy.Dr. Satel explains “feminist therapy:”

“[S]ociety is dysfunctional, not thepatient. And because a woman’s mental

state is believed to reflect the positionof women in society, any symptoms of depression or anxiety are seen largelyas the product of a society that is hostileto women. Thus, a feminist therapist isoften reluctant to suggest to a womanthat she might bear some responsibilityfor her problems.”

“Multicultural therapy” shifts theground from sex to race:

“Multicultural counselors presumethat nonwhite patients’ personal diffi-culties largely stem from their efforts toadjust to a racist society. By urging pa-

tients to find only external sources fortheir discontent, multicultural counsel-ing makes a mockery of self-explora-tion—the true purpose of therapy—andself-determination.”

Dr. Satel reports that the majority of therapy training programs now have amulti-culti element that reinforces themush students have been learning sincehigh school:

“[T]he trainees walk into grad schoolon the first day of classes already be-lieving that the dominant culture is theroot of psychpathology. By the time theygraduate as therapists, these multi-culturalists will be so thoroughly

Sally Satel.

Harvey Fineberg, formerdean of Harvard Schoolof Public Health, says

that “a school of publichealth is like a school of

justice.”

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schooled in the oppressive ways of so-ciety that they’ll be able to read bias intovirtually anything patients tell them.”

Manual Ramirez, author of Multicul-tural Therapy, calls the problems non-whites have in a white society “mis-match shock.” Dr. Satel writes, “I sus-pect that no matter what a patient tells

Ramirez, he will manage to diagnose‘mismatch shock.’ ”For whites, multicultural training is

supposed to open their eyes to their rolein oppressing non-whites, and to helpthem “unlearn racism.” In extremecases, it produces treatment programsin which white men have no officialplace at all. Dr. Satel writes that at SanFrancisco General Hospital all patientsare assigned to treatment teams, andevery team specializes in one of six ar-eas: blacks, Asians, Hispanics, homo-and bisexuals, AIDS carriers, or women.

The only people without specialists arewhite men, who presumably end up withwhatever team has an opening.

Many ethnic treatment programs aremerely goofy. Dr. Satel writes about onedrug treatment program in which “some-how the [black] patients were supposedto absorb self-esteem by participating inAfrocentric exercises, not from achiev-ing anything in particular.” But in thelong run, steeping non-white nutters intales of white racism does harm, notgood: “[O]ppression-based therapies areenormously seductive because they tend

to absolve the sufferer of responsibility.

This is precisely why therapists shouldnot practice them” since the point of therapy is to take “a person from think-ing of himself as a victim to one who is

an agent of his own destiny.” What gooddoes it do a patient, Dr. Satel asks, totell him he has no hope of recovery un-til “racism” and “sexism” are eradi-cated?

Therapy for victims also has the ef-fect of swelling their ranks, because of the glamorous light it shines on them.Many unbalanced people have noticedthe fashionable flutter around anyonewho claims he was molested as a child,and Dr. Satel thinks this explains why

so many people dredge up “repressedmemories” of being raped or buggeredby Daddy.

Disparate Treatment

What about the endless complaintsthat a white male medical establishment

mistreats or fails to treat anyone notwhite and male? Dr. Satel dissects thestudies that make this claim, showingthat with comparisons of patients withgenuinely similar conditions and cir-cumstances the “race” or “sex” effectdwindles to the vanishing point. Manyresearchers are so eager to unmask dis-crimination they publish shoddy work that fails to hold other variables con-stant. Dr. Satel also points out that doc-tors get paid when they treat people;they’re not likely to turn down a fee justbecause the patient looks different.

Some claims about discrimination aresimply false. Luminaries from HillaryClinton on down complain that medicalresearch “excludes” women, but Dr.Satel reports that in 1997, for example,of the 6 million subjects in NIH-fundedresearch 62 percent were women. Gov-ernment studies in 1983 and 1988 foundthat clinical trials used men and womenin much the same proportions as thesexes get the diseases being studied.There are not very many single-sex stud-ies but there are now more that are all-female than all-male. Few medicines

have a significantly different effect inmen and women anyway.

There has likewise been muchwhooping about a male establishmentthat doesn’t bother to study women’sdiseases. In fact, breast cancer gets moreresearch funding than any other kind of cancer—and has since 1985. It gets threeto five times as much as prostate cancereven though more men are diagnosedwith it than women with breast cancer,and the death rates are nearly identical.The one justification is that breast can-cer usually kills at a younger age than

prostate cancer. In any case there is cer-tainly no sexist plot to leave breast can-cer incurable.

Feminist bombast about breast can-cer distracts women from worse killers.In 1997, 70,000 American women diedof lung cancer while (only) 42,000 diedof breast cancer. Heart disease kills morewomen than all cancers combined, butthere is far more outrage about allegedflaws in the medical system than aboutwomen who are fat and won’t exercise.

As it always does, the evil, all-pow-erful patriarchy has collapsed at themerest touch. Dr. Satel says there arenow at least 3,600 medical programsthat call themselves women’s healthcenters. It would be hard to find any-thing specially for men.

PC, M.D. also attacks claims that the

medical establishment mistreats non-whites. Although the book is a little lightin this area, it does touch on outrightracial differences in disease and mor-tality rates that suggest different out-comes have biological causes. For ex-ample, Dr. Satel cites the usual chargethat black infants die more frequentlythan white infants because black moth-ers don’t get the pre-natal care they de-serve. Some black mothers just don’tbother with pre-natal care even if it’sfree, but Dr. Satel notes that Hispanics,who get even less pre-natal care than

blacks, have lower infant mortality thanwhites. She hints there may be biologi-cal reasons for this, but also talks about“Mexican heritage.” All the evidencesuggests Asians are just healthier andlive longer than whites, who are health-ier and live longer than blacks. Just asintelligence differences cause racialgaps in academic achievement, biologi-cal differences cause health differences.Perhaps it is asking too much of the gooddoctor to make this point, but until shedoes, her opponents can always arguethat “racism” makes blacks sicker than

whites.PC, M.D. covers a number of other

areas less central to the concerns of AR.There is a chapter about a loony move-ment among psychiatric patients whoclaim they have the right to be insane,and that not even the wildest psychoticsshould be forced into treatment. Activ-ists like to quote Andrew Weil, an alter-native medicine guru, who said, “Everypsychotic is a potential sage or healer.”They also like Herbert Marcuse, whosaid mental patients are revolutionariesand that psychiatry is “one of the most

effective engines of suppression.”Dr. Satel also writes about the New

Age mumbo-jumbo that women, mostly,have smuggled into medicine. There are,she reports, 50,000 practitioners of “Therapeutic Touch” (TT) on the loosein hospitals all over the country. She tellsus:

“A typical TT session lasts betweenten and thirty minutes; it is performedby a practitioner who first must be ‘cen-tered’—a state of mind achievable

Redesigning society.

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through meditation. She scans the pa-tient with hovering hands, searching forimbalances in the energy field . . . . Thenshe sweeps her hands over the patientin order to distribute excess energy toareas of deficit.” Fanatics launch intoTT unasked; one man thought he wasgetting Last Rites when he saw hover-

ing hands.Likewise we learn that nursingschools now offer courses like: “UsingEnergy to Enhance Nursing Practice:Use of Color, Music, Touch and Move-ment,” “Aromatherapy for NursingPractice,” and “Using the Power of Our

Thoughts for Healing.” Along with thissort of female nonsense comes resent-ment of men in general, and nurses withchips on their shoulders. Dr. Satel tellsus the British have the same problem:freshly graduated nurses who don’tknow how to insert a catheter but areexperts on “racism” and “gender oppres-

sion.”Dr. Satel also takes a shot at affirma-tive action for doctors, noting the obvi-ous perils of lowering medical schoolstandards for non-whites. She points outthat inner-city blacks often have com-plicated combinations of diseases that

make them tricky patients. Incompetent,affirmative-action doctors are the lastthing they need—nor do the rest of uswant to fall into their hands..

Where this will all end is anyone’sguess. Dr. Satel assures us there are stillmany level-headed health workers whounderstand their job is to fix people, not

society, but the forces set in motion intheir profession are no different fromthose wrecking every other Americaninstitution. Until the country at largecomes out of its decades-long sicknessthere is no reason to think the physicianswill heal themselves.

The Galton Report

A sampling of recent scien-

tific literature.by Glayde Whitney

Revisionism Strikes

African Eve

The Out-of-Africa theory(also called the Garden of Eden—GOE—hypoth-

esis), according to which mod-ern man is said to have originatedat one location in Africa and then

spread quickly and recently tothe rest of the world, is in trouble.Two well-publicized studies re-ported in January 2001, claim torefute the GOE theory. One wasan investigation of mitochondrialDNA (mtDNA) taken from anAustralian known as “MungoMan” who lived approximately60,000 years ago. His DNA wasquite unlike that of Africans,leading the author to claim that Africanscannot be ancestral to all of us and that,indeed, modern man may have evolved

in Australia.The second study, conducted by Uni-

versity of Michigan anthropologistMilford Wolpoff and colleagues, com-pared fossil bones of various ancientgroups: early modern man from centralEurope, pre-modern Europe man (in-cluding some Neanderthals), as well asearly remains from Africa, Asia, andAustralia. Prof. Wolpoff found that al-though the early modern European andAustralian bones show some resem-

blance to African fossils they moreclosely resemble older remains from

their own regions. These findings runcontrary to the GOE theory and suggestthat although there may have been someAfrican hybridization, modern humansevolved from earlier forms that had longago migrated out of Africa to differentparts of the world.

Prof. Wolpoff is the main proponentof the “Multiregional Evolution Model,”which holds that a much earlier primate,perhaps Homo erectus, left Africa atleast two million years ago to colonizemuch of the old world. That pre-humanspecies gradually evolved into modernhumans in several widely scattered lo-cations. Prof. Wolpoff argues there areregional differences (in effect, racial dif-ferences) that distinguish the earliestEuropean, East Asian, and Australian

remains from all others and that thesedifferences persist in the various popu-

lations of modern man. GOE theorytherefore cannot be true: If modern manhad evolved only in Africa and then ex-terminated all the pre-moderns he en-countered everywhere else, there wouldbe no continuity between the regionallydistinct pre-modern fossils and the mod-

ern men we find in those sameregions today.

Even more important than therecent studies in casting doubt onGOE is a new review of all theliterature by anthropologistsHenry Harpending and Alan

Rogers. They write, “Five yearsago, we would have said thatgenetic evidence provided unam-biguous support for the GOEmodel of human origins. Today,the case is far less clear.” Whathas changed over the last fiveyears is the tremendous increasein knowledge about DNA varia-tion. The variation observed forsome genes is consistent with the

GOE theory but the pattern of variationfor many other genes is not. For ex-ample, some assumed-to-be-neutral mi-

tochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants areconsistent with GOE, but many chromo-somal DNA mutations are not. Further-more, unlike “neutral mutants” of thekind that are thought to occur graduallyand spontaneously in mtDNA, geneslikely to be of survival value and thussubject to natural selection often do notsupport GOE.

They write that the “Origin of large-scale human differences is not under-stood.” (“Large-scale human differ-

“Lucy” was not the mother of us all.Adam: “Beat it, you dog!”

Serpent: “Drat!”

R e p r i n t e d w i t h p e r m i s s i o n f r o m R

i v a r o l .

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ences” is the PeeCee academicly-ac-ceptable euphemism for racial differ-ences.) The problem is that many datasuggest that about 15 percent of the ge-netic variation among humans is differ-ences between populations. This is thevalue that the Marxist biologist Rich-ard Lewontin used in the 1970s to ar-

gue that differences between the racesare too small to bother with. However,about the same time, the eminent geneti-cist Sewell Wright stated that group dif-ferences of about 10 percent were con-sistent with subspecies [that is, racial]differences in animal species.

Ten to 15 percent of the genetic varia-tion may not sound like much, but re-member that there are on the order of 3billion “base pairs” in the human DNA,and many thousands of base-pair vari-ants. At the same time, very smallchanges in DNA can have profound ef-

fects on physical and mental character.For example, just one regulatory gene,through its effect on many other genes,is responsible for the manifold differ-ences between men and women. Thedifference between “normal” and defec-tive genes is often a difference in onlyone base pair. Thus the 10 percent of human genetic variation that representsracial differences can be tremendouslyimportant.

If GOE is anywhere near true, therecent expansion of modern man out of Africa, only about 100,000 years ago,

does not leave enough time for the evo-lution of racial differences as large as10 or 15 percent. Harpending andRogers mention that “One way out of the problem is to posit that race differ-ences are older than the expansion of our species.” This is reminiscent of “re-gional continuity,” a theory suggestedby the late (and great) Carleton Coon.(Coon is not mentioned in the literaturereview—he is much too politically in-correct these days for respectable an-thropologists to dare say anything favor-able about him or his theories.)

One of Coon’s major contributionswas his 1962, The Origin of Races. Fromthe fossil data Coon suggested that thewidespread Homo erectus had devel-

oped both genetically and culturally indifferent populations, to reach modern“sapiens” level five different times indifferent places. Although there wasenough gene exchange to keep the racesfrom becoming completely differentspecies, different races crossed the geneand culture threshold to modern man at

quite different times. He theorized thatEuropean Caucasoids may have become“sapient” 200,000 or more years beforeblack Africans—which helps explainwhy he is in the doghouse today.

Mrs. Wolpoff (Rachel Caspari) andher husband Milford have written abook-length introduction to the data andtheory of multiregional evolution, en-titled Race and Human Evolution: AFatal Attraction. It is a strange book, inwhich the Wolpoffs try to defend sepa-rate, regional evolution while genuflect-ing to political correctness. They do this

by demonizing Carleton Coon, and em-phasizing their own egalitarianism.

Their argument is that there wasenough genetic isolation for groups indifferent regions to evolve with regional(racial) differences. However, at thesame time there was enough interbreed-ing and gene flow throughout the entireevolving human species to ensure thateach race reached sapiens level at ex-actly the same time! Thus all races areequally intelligent and equal in capac-ity for advanced civilization.

A reviewer put it this way: “Much of

the authors’ effort is directed at sepa-rating their scientifically sound positionfrom the racist legacy of earlier theo-ries of polygenism [multiregionalism],which argued that races were geneticallyisolated. They also mount compellingarguments that the ‘single source of hu-manity’ camp has succeeded thanks togood marketing rather than hard or con-clusive data.”

Mrs. Wolpoff echoes Coon in citingthe physical differences between differ-ent regional populations that are foundnot only in modern man but in pre-mod-

ern fossils found in those same regions.For example, there are characteristictooth shapes of East Asian populationstoday that are found in Homo erectus

fossils from China. Other traits with re-gional continuity include the relativethickness of the lower jaw ( torusmandibularis), presence or absence of a bone on the back of the skull (Incabone), the thickness of bone along thetop of the head (sagittal keel), and manyothers.

My own view is that it is well pasttime for Carleton Coon to be rehabili-tated. Many new data support the viewthat races developed differently; that is,through selection for different special-izations, and at vastly different rates. Forexample, over 40,000 years ago a moreadvanced style of making stone andbone tools spread throughout Europe.This “mode 4” technology has been con-sidered by many to be the hallmark of modern humans. Australian Aboriginesnever achieved mode 4.

Out-of-Africa, even if it is wrong,

will not go quietly. It is too politicallycorrect for the lefty-liberals to give upwithout a tantrum. Although many goodscientists accept the GOE theory (in-cluding Philippe Rushton, author of Race, Evolution, and Behavior ) it is thegreat love of the “race does not exist”lobby, and is the basis for the view thatracial differences are too recent to beimportant. Indeed, Michael Shermer of Skeptic magazine wrote that he, like therest of us, was “African.” Liberals willfight to the death to save any theory thatgives them some claim to being “Afri-

can.” [Constance Holden, “Oldest hu-man DNA reveals Aussie oddity,” andElizabeth Pennisi, “Skull Study TargetsAfrica-only origins,” both in Science, 12Jan. 2001, Vol. 291, pp. 230-231. Mil-ford Wolpoff & Rachel Caspari, Raceand Human Evolution: A Fatal Attrac-tion, 1997: Simon & Schuster. HenryHarpending & Alan Rogers, “GeneticPerspectives on Human Origins and Dif-ferentiation.” In Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, Vol. 1,pp. 361-385.]

Contributing Editor Glayde Whitneyis professor in psychology, psychobiol-ogy and neuroscience at Florida StateUniversity.

Bloody Fat Tuesday

Mardi Gras celebrations havebeen spreading from NewOrleans to many other cities.

They tend to be rowdy gatherings of

young people, which often turn nasty.This year there was rioting, looting, andviolence among the celebrants, some of which was captured on video and aired

on television. A reader who monitors thenews, reports that in every instance, thecameras caught blacks attacking whiteswithout provocation. He says he saw

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violent incidents from Philadelphia,Seattle, and New Orleans. In at least onecase, blacks savagely beat a blonde

woman while crowds of both blacks andwhites looked on and did nothing. It issurprising that the news carried this foot-age; not surprising that not a single newscommentator mentioned the obviousracial motive for the violence.

In Seattle, mob violence in the Pio-neer Square area left 70 people injured,one in the hospital, and one dead. Somewhites certainly misbehaved, gettingdrunk, shouting, and even overturninga few cars. As for violence, however,witnesses reported seeing gangs of blacks moving through the crowd at-

tacking isolated white men and women.The low-quality photos on these pages,all taken in Seattle, give an idea of whatthe celebrations were probably like allaround the country.

The murdered man was KristopherKime, a young white in his 20s. Late inthe evening of February 27, as fightingbroke out, he bent down to help a whitewoman who had been knocked to theground. A black man hit him on the back of the head with bottle. Mr. Kime wentdown, and the man and several compan-ions stomped him to death. His horri-

fied friends tried to gethelp, but rescue workersreported blacks punchedthem and threw bottles atthem when they tried toenter the crowd. Mr. Kimeeventually reached the hos-pital and died before his

father’s eyes. [Ian Ith andNancy Bartley, Man Killedat Mardi Gras Was Tryingto Help Woman, SeattleTimes, March 2, 2001.]

The police are taking theusual line with people whoask if the attacks were ra-cial. “It would be purespeculation,” says policespokesman Clem Benton to

talk about motive. Seattle’s black lead-ers met a few days later with the mayorand police chief to complain blacks were

being blamed for the mayhem. Theproblem was crime, they insisted, notrace. [AP, Riots trouble black leaders,March 4, 2001.]

The electronic bulletin boards of theSeattle papers, however, have beenswamped with messages from angrywhites. Even people who sound like lib-erals couldn’t help noticing what washappening. This young man may evenhave learned something from his eve-ning out in Pioneer Square:

“I hate to say this but it was racemotivated. Walking towards the square

last night I passed about 15 young black men going the opposite way whoshouted, ‘You don’t want to be goingdown there; we’re going to kick somewhite kids’ ass tonight.’ At the time Ithought they were just joking and foundit sort of funny, but this was the samegroup that I saw later just walking up torandom people and beating the heck outof them for no reason. Jumping andkicking them while they were down.What a bunch of cowards. Yes, whitepeople acted stupid, too, but this gangwas way beyond that. I mean I thought

people were going to die they were beat-ing them so bad.”

Price Cochran, who works at the frontdesk of an apartment building in Pio-neer Square said he knew in advanceblack thugs were planning violence.“They wanted to disrupt the ‘rich whiteman’s party’,” he explained. “That’show [black gang members] see MardiGras.” Calvin Hildreth, a black wholives in the square agrees that MardiGras is “a white man’s party.” Valerie

Bugayas is a young woman who livesin the area and who rushed home tosafety when the crowd turned nasty.“Black people were doing it,” she says.“It’s like they didn’t want people on theblock.” [Robert Jamieson, On Riots,Race, and a Look at Reality, SeattlePost-Intelligencer, March 8, 2001.]

There is little doubt the police shouldhave stepped in earlier. At 10:30 p.m.several officers patrolling the crowd inregular uniform were ordered to with-draw to the periphery for their ownsafety. It was not until three hours laterthat officers in riot gear moved in tobreak up the crowds. In the meantime,police hovered helplessly at the periph-ery under orders to stay back, with beat-ings and robberies going on just yardsaway. Not a few people have speculatedthat the restraint was ordered so as notto appear to be singling out blacks for

arrest.

One officer is so disgusted with po-lice inactivity he sent a $200 check toMr. Kime’s parents, writing that it was“the approximate amount of overtime Iwas paid by the taxpayers of the city tostand by while they were beaten andyour son killed.” In an extraordinaryblast that will probably have repercus-sions for his career, the 31-year veteranwent on to say the police were inactivebecause “our politicians and our depart-ment’s command staff lack the necessi-

ties required to lead.” [Lewis Kamb,Seattle Officer Sends Letter of Apologyto Kime’s Mother, Seattle Post-Intel-ligencer, March 8, 2001.]

Many whites are furious, and wantthe city to face up to what happened. Aslive television and the Internet bring re-ality into more American homes it willbe harder than ever to conceal the truth:Many blacks hate whites, and will beatand even kill them if they think they canget away with it.

Three black women join the attack ona white man and his daughter.

Five black men attack a white wearing a pony tail (center).

Two blacks (center) kick a white man who ison the ground, hands over his head.

ΩΩΩΩΩ

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O Tempora, O Mores!

Zimbabwe on the Brink

President Robert Mugabe of Zimba-

bwe is destroying the one remaining in-stitution in the country that stands be-tween him and absolute dictatorship: thecourts. Chief Justice Anthony Gubbay,who is white, has been a thorn in hisside for years with his quaint Caucasianviews about the rule of law (see reportson Zimbabwe in AR, June, July, andNovember 2000). He has led the Su-preme Court’s opposition to the illegaltakeover of white farms and against un-constitutional manipulations to keep Mr.Mugabe in power. The regime consid-ers this the worst sort of racism, and one

ruling party official says Mr. Gubbaywas “infiltrated into Zimbabwe by Brit-ish intelligence to overthrow the gov-ernment.” If that’s the case, the govern-ment the British were trying to over-throw was Ian Smith’s white regime,since Mr. Gubbay arrived from Britainin 1958.

In February, Mr. Mugabe said hewould appoint a new chief justice andthat Mr. Gubbay had to resign on March1. Justice Gubbay refused, opening thedoor to the interesting possibility therewould be two chief justices. Mugabe

supporters were furious, and one sim-ply pushed his way into the justice’schambers and told him to clear out. “Thepolice let me in because I am big,” ex-plained Joseph Chinotimba, who report-edly spent an hour haranguing JusticeGubbay in what cannot have been apleasant interview. When reportersasked Mr. Chinotimba what he woulddo if the 69-year-old chief justice doesnot step aside, he said he and his friendswould “declare war.”

Justice Gubbay had a chat with Mr.Mugabe’s justice minister and decided

to go on pre-retirement leave immedi-ately and step down 10 months early atthe end of June. In Mr. Mugabe’s Zim-babwe this is considered a notableachievement since Mr. Gubbay wasn’tsimply beaten up and ridden out of of-fice on a rail. Mr. Mugabe intends toreplace the remaining justices andlower-level judges, particularly thewhite ones.

A compliant judiciary will come inhandy. Mr. Mugabe plans to put the op-

position leader, Morgan Tsvangirai ontrial in April for inciting violence at acampaign rally last summer. Mr. Muga-

be is undaunted by the fact that his menwere vastly more violent than Mr.Tsvangirai’s. Mr. Mugabe has alsokicked two foreign journalists out of thecountry because they wrote displeasingdispatches. [Stella Mapenzauswa, Zim-babwe Settles Row With Defiant Judge,Reuters, March 2, 2001. Jon Jeter, The‘Endgame’ in Zimbabwe? WashingtonPost, March 3, 2001, p. A1.]

The occupation of white farms con-tinues with occasionally killings of whites. On March 4 gunmen pumped 15rounds into Gloria Olds. It is a near cer-

tainty that they killed her because shewas the mother of Martin Olds, who wasone of the seven white farmers blackskilled in the run up to last summer’selection. Although many white farmershave abandoned their land, the 68-year-old Gloria Olds would not run away.[Chris Chinaka, White Woman FarmerSlain in Zimbabwe, Reuters, March 4,2001.] Her son Martin, an experiencedsoldier and marksman, held out for twohours against a mass attack on his farm,wounding several assailants. Blacksmanaged to kill him only by setting his

house on fire. When he came out theybeat him to mush and then shot him.

In the meantime, European heads of state are treating Mr. Mugabe like roy-alty. Just about the time Mrs. Olds wasbeing filled with bullets, Mr. Mugabewas a guest in the home of Guy Verhof-stadt, the Belgian Prime Minister. Thenon March 6, he had an hour-long meet-ing with French President JacquesChirac, which he described as “verygood, very friendly.”

The French and Belgians have beenthe most strident opponents of includ-

ing Jörg Haider’s Freedom Party in theAustrian coalition, and for monthssnubbed Austrian officials on thegrounds that Mr. Haider’s party was athreat to democracy. The Belgian For-eign Minister Louis Michel has evensaid the European Union should sanc-tion Italy if the next general election—likely to be held in May—produces acoalition government that includes theanti-immigrant National Alliance andNorthern League. This, too, would be

an unacceptable threat to democracy.[Harry de Quetteville and AmbroseEvans-Pritchard, Dismay in Britain at

Red Carpet for Mugabe, Telegraph(London), March 6, 2001. MatthewGreen, Chirac Meets Zimbabwe’sMugabe Amid Criticism, Reuters,March 6, 2001. Steve Pagani, Berlus-coni Outraged by Belgian Comment,Reuters, Feb. 28, 2001.]

The British are reported to be an-noyed with the continentals for fêting aman they consider a miscreant. One Brit-ish citizen traveled to Belgium to try tomake a “citizen’s arrest” of RobertMugabe and was beaten up by bodyguards for his troubles. He vowed he

would follow the president around Eu-rope and attempt another arrest if he gotthe chance. Is this a stout-hearted En-glishman protesting the ethnic cleans-ing of whites? No. Peter Tatchell is astout-hearted pederast, incensed at Mr.Mugabe’s view of homosexuals, whomhe calls “worse than dogs and pigs.”[UK Gay Activist Promises to TargetMugabe Again, Reuters, March 6,2001.]

Pure Stupidity

The Civil Rights Project at HarvardUniversity is dismayed to report thatblack children are 2.9 times more likely

than whites to be classified as mentallyretarded and to be put in special educa-tion classes. They are even more dis-mayed to find that black boys who at-tend suburban schools with large num-bers of white students are more likelythan ghetto-dwellers to be put in spe-cial-education classes. The suburbanschools, they say, are practicing “sys-temic bias,” and all over the countryblack children are “labeled mentally re-

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tarded inappropriately.” [Jay Mathews,Study Finds Racial Bias in Special Ed,Washington Post, March 3, 2001, p. 1.]

What the study has found, of course,is not “bias.” It has found just one moreconsequence of racial differences in IQ.Most students in special educationclasses are “educable mentally re-

tarded,” meaning they have IQs of 50to 70. An estimated 2.2 percent of whitesare in that range and 14.9 percent of blacks, which is a ratio of 6.6 rather thanthe 2.9 the study finds too high. Schoolsare already bending the standards tokeep blacks out of those classes.

Why are blacks more likely to be inspecial education in the suburbs than inblack schools? Some have speculatedthat it is because white schools havemore money and can afford better spe-cial-education programs, but in factmany ghetto schools now spend more,

per student, than suburban schools. It ismore likely that because black schoolsare operating at such a low level to be-gin with, many of the “educable men-tally retarded” are not so far behind theirfellows as to require special attention.At schools with higher standards, thesame blacks would be incapable of do-ing normal work and would be put inseparate classes.

Who are the Bigots?

David Horowitz [see March 2000 AR

for review of his book Hating Whitey]has been stirring up the campuses witha series of ads offered to college news-papers, entitled “Ten Reasons WhyReparations for Slavery is a Bad Idea—and Racist Too.” The arguments, whichare posted on his web page for all to see,are sound and reasonably expressed.That, of course, is the problem. Sevenof 18 colleges that received the ad re-fused to publish it and three that did havealready apologized to readers. TheMarch 1 issue of the student newspaperat U.C. Berkeley beat its breast, confess-

ing on the front page that “the ad allowedthe Daily Cal to become an inadvertentvehicle for bigotry.” The next day, theCalifornia Aggie of U.C. Davis apolo-gized for a “grievous mistake,” whichit called “an embarrassment not only forthe newspaper, but the university com-munity at large.”

The Wall Street Journal and even theWashington Post have criticized studentclosed-mindedness. Today, any argu-ment that offends lefty academics, no

matter how reasonable, is “bigotry,” and“a grievous mistake.” Mr. Horowitz re-ports, however, that the traffic on elec-tronic bulletin boards at colleges is over-whelmingly in his favor. He now insiststhat colleges explain to him in writingwhy they will not take has ads, and pub-lish a note to readers explaining they

have censored him. [www.frontpagemag.com]

‘Related Intolerance’?

The United Nations is gearing up foranother great hate fest directed at theWest: the third World ConferenceAgainst Racism, Racial Discrimination,Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, tobe held in Durban, South Africa, Aug.31 to Sept. 7. The two previous meet-ings were held in 1978 and 1983, thefirst to fight colonization (a little late—

most colonies got independence in theearly 1960s), and the second to bringdown apartheid. Third-Worlders are par-ticularly excited that the agenda will in-clude concrete demands for reparationsfor the trans-Atlantic slave trade andcompensation for colonization.

Mary Robinson, former president of Ireland and now the UN commissionerfor human rights, generally supportsthese demands, especially compensationfor slavery. “That trauma is still there,”she says, “and it’s deep, and it hasn’tbeen properly acknowledged.” The con-

ference will also have a grand time criti-cizing American and European immi-gration restrictions.

There is some indication, though, thatnon-whites may not escape scot-free.Although the Indians have managed tospike it so far, there is a move to put thecaste system on the agenda, and at a pre-paratory meeting in Santiago, Chile,black American groups succeeded inraising the subject of anti-black “racism”in Latin America. Amid the lip-smack-ing at the prospect of reparations for sla-very, there have been a few mumbled

acknowledgments that not only did Af-ricans supply black slaves for the NewWorld but slavery continues in Africato this day. [Barbara Crosette, GlobalLook at Racism Hits Many Sore Points,New York Times, March 4, 2001.]

It remains to be seen whether theChinese treatment of racial minoritiesin the eastern provinces and Tibet, orthe constant tribal warfare in Africa willcome up for discussion. If the confer-ence were conducted honestly, it would

report that group conflict is universal,and that ethnic harmony can be achievedonly in the absence of ethnic differences.

Bitter Refuge

Herbert H. Lehman High School inthe Bronx has about 4,000 students, al-

most all of them black or Hispanic, ex-cept for 200 Albanian students, manyof whom are refugees from the fightingin the Balkans. They have arrived to findanother fight on their hands. Last De-cember racial tensions erupted into afull-scale brawl with dozens of studentsfighting it out, Albanians against blacksand Hispanics. Police had to stop the riotand arrested 13 pugilists. The year be-fore, another brawl started when a mem-ber of the black Bloods gang spotted anAlbanian wearing a red-and-black Al-banian flag; the Bloods claim these col-

ors for themselves.Weeks after the latest

riot, Albanian studentssaid they were afraid towalk the halls alone.“They all hate us,”says 17-year-old

Diana Gjoljaj of theblacks and Hispan-ics. “That’s why we

hang together.” “They’re a bunch of rac-ists, all of them,” says John, a 19-year-old Albanian who is afraid to give hislast name. “The kids think because

we’re white we’re not going to fightback. The principal’s with them becausethey’re on the football and basketballteam.” Ylli Mujaj, a 15-year-old fresh-man, explains that Albanians refuse tobe pushed around. “We stick together,”he says. “We give as good as we get.”

Evan Small, a black 18-year-old jun-ior, says that when the fists begin to flyit is race that matters. He says he didnot hesitate to join the riot as soon as itstarted: “If you see guys fighting youare going to jump in and protect yourpeople.” [Dexter Filkins, In the Bronx,

Ethnic Mix Breeds Tensions at School,New York Times, Feb. 12, 2001.]

“Because of Their Skin”

Andress High School in El Paso,Texas, is 55 percent Hispanic, 27 per-cent white, and 16 percent black. Theblacks and the Hispanics do not getalong. On March 1, a fight in the morn-ing resumed in the afternoon as a full-scale brawl involving 400 students. Po-

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lice responded to a call around 12:20p.m., but the situation only got worse.By 1:00 p.m., 100 officers had arrivedand closed a road to the school as partof their attempt to restore order. A po-lice helicopter circled overhead as po-lice arrested 11 students for rioting.Terrel Tate, a 16-year-old white student,

explained that “they [blacks and Hispan-ics] hate each other because of theirskin.” [400 Texas Students Involved inRiot, AP, March 2, 2001.]

Watch Your Words

On February 9, Lieutenant GovernorCruz Bustamente of California gave aBlack History Month speech at the Coa-lition of Black Trade Unionists’ annualawards dinner. In what he later calledan embarrassing slip of the tongue heused the word “nigger.” About a quar-

ter of the audience of 400 walked out of the room. Mr. Bustamente claims henever uses that word but one of theblacks who attended says, “you don’tmake a slip like that unless it is some-thing you say normally.” [Lt. GovernorUses Racial Slur, AP, Feb. 13, 2001.]

How Much Worse?

Everyone knows crime is gettingworse in South Africa but no one knows just how bad it is. Since last summer thecountry has refused to release crime sta-

tistics, claiming they are so poorly andinconsistently gathered they don’t makesense. The government may have apoint. About a quarter of police officerscannot read or write, and those who cansometimes get it wrong. Pickpocketingon a bus is sometimes called a “cash intransit heist,” a category usually re-served for armored-car holdups. Policeauthorities also note that according tothe statistics, some white suburbs aremore crime-ridden than the shanty-towns. This is because whites report andrecord every crime while blacks—both

victims and police—are more lackadai-sical. [Philippe Bernes-Lasserre, Vio-lence a Well-Kept Secret in South Af-rica, The Age (Melbourne, Australia),Feb. 16, 2001.]

Still, many people believed the po-lice were refusing to publish the datasimply because they are shockinglyhigh, and amid the controversy a police-man made a few leaks to the papers. InPretoria armed robbery is reportedly upby 50 per cent over the previous year

and carjackings by almost 25 percent.[Crime Rise Rocks South Africa, TheAge, Feb. 23, 2001.]

Sooooeeeee!

For years, Georgia offered state taxexemptions of up to $100,000 to com-

panies that use minority suppliers. Un-til now, “minority” has meant at least51-percent ownership by blacks, Asiansor American Indians, and Hispanicswant to put a foot in the trough, too. “Inmy opinion, it’s a discriminatory law,”says Sara Gonzalez of the Atlanta His-panic Chamber of Commerce with nosense of irony, “and it’s simply not ac-ceptable that Latinos aren’t included.”After much strenuous lobbying it ap-pears that the law will be changed toinclude Miss Gonzalez’ fellow ethnics.[Carol Stavraka, Latino Business Own-

ers Won’t Count Unless Georgia Law isChanged, DiversityInc.com, Feb. 14,2001.]

Wales for the Welsh!

Simon Glyn is a councilor from northWales for Plaid Cymru, the Welsh na-tional party. He thinks too many Englishare moving into Wales, bringing whathe calls their “foreign language,” andpushing out the Welsh. Despite muchoutcry and having been made to apolo-gize, he is not exactly repentant. After a

mandatory grovel he told the BBC: “No-body should have to defend themselvesfor highlighting issues to do with the lan-guage of their community, or the eco-

nomic situation within the community,or the fact that the community is unable

to absorb inward migration.” In responseto claims that his comments were tooextreme, he replied, “I did choose prettypowerful language—but it’s a prettypowerful crisis,” adding, “I don’t regretit.” Mr. Glyn has received hundreds of messages of support and Sion Jobbins,Plaid’s prospective parliamentary can-didate for Cardiff North, has attackedhis own party leadership for not stand-ing by Mr. Glyn. [BBC News, Feb. 21,2001.]

Oldham Back in the News

Last month we reported that the Brit-ish town of Oldham has had 572 racialincidents in the past year and that 60percent of the victims were white. Thisrepresents a 100 percent increase in ra-cial crime and intimidation over the

previous period. In the latest incident,two 14-year-old white girls fled into apub to escape from a gang of Asians(Pakistanis or Bangladeshis). The policearrived and arrested an Asian whoclaimed he was being singled out be-cause of race. Later, other Asians usedcell phones to call out their friends anda gang of 40 massed outside the pub.They then started throwing Molotovcocktails through the windows. Custom-ers dived for cover and beat out theflames. Police came back and arrestedthree more Asians. Motive? Detective

Sergeant Jim Slater of ChaddertonCrime Management Unit, solemnlysays: “I cannot comment on whether ornot these incidents were racially moti-vated.” [Andrew Chapman, Asians At-tack Whites, Daily Mail (London), Feb.21, 2001.]

Black Pride

Carson Pirie Scott & Co. is a black-owned cosmetics company. As a specialfor Black History Month, it ran an ad inthe Chicago Sun-Times offering a free

calendar with pictures of famous blacksto anyone who bought $15,00 worth of Vantex Skin Bleaching Creme. [JohnKass, Missing the Point Just in Time forBlack History Month, Chicago Tribune,Feb. 22, 2001.]

Here They Come

Chicago immigration officials havegranted political asylum to a 10-year-old autistic boy from Pakistan on thegrounds that autism is so misunderstoodthere that he would be persecuted if he

returned. Officials said the decision doesnot automatically open the door to allafflicted children. “His asylum wasgranted not on the basis of being dis-abled or autistic,” said Robert Esbrook,director of the Chicago Office of Asy-lum for the Immigration and Natural-ization Service. “It’s the persecution hisdisability itself causes. He fits the clas-sic definition of a refugee.” So far, it isonly Umair Choudhry and not hismother who is a refugee, but Mr.

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Esbrook commended Mrs. Choudhry forher courage (courage?) and said shewould not be separated from her chil-dren. Depending on the degree of afflic-tion, long-term care for an autistic childcan cost between $8,000 and $100,000every year. Umair is now eligible forpublicly-funded treatment. [Julie

Deardorff, Mom Wins Asylum for SonWith Autism, Chicago Tribune, Feb. 21,2001.]

Enough is Enough

Whiteville High School in White-ville, North Carolina, has 752 students,about evenly divided between blacksand whites. On Feb. 22 the last periodof the day was a special program forBlack History Month. About 200 whitestudents showed up that day with notesfrom parents saying they had doctor’s

appointments or other personal reasonsfor coming home early. Another 75 justwent home without permission, leavingonly about 50 whites in the audience.Associate principal Vicki Frink-Law-rence says the black students were “dis-appointed and hurt.” [White StudentsSkip School’s Black History Celebra-tion, Charlotte News and Observer, Feb.24, 2001.]

Glimmer of Truth

An otherwise unremarkable Los An-

geles Times story about electricity short-ages in California contained two inter-esting sentences: “Fundamentally, therest of the West has outgrown its elec-trical system just as California has itsown. And it has done so in very muchthe same way—by adding too manypeople without enough new power orconservation.” [Peter Gosselin, Most of West in the Same Power Jam as Cali-fornia, Los Angeles Times, Feb. 26,2001.]

Muzzling the Europeans

Last month’s cover story noted thatthe Europeans have grown accustomedto government censorship, and a caselast year in the European Court of Jus-tice underlines the direction in which thecontinent is going. Bernard Connolly isa British economist who used to work for the European Commission, one of the governing bodies of the EuropeanUnion (EU). The commission fired himfor writing a book called The Rotten

Heart of Europe, in which he criticizedthe European Monetary System and theintroduction of the single European cur-rency. Europeans have socialist employ-ment laws that make it nearlyimpossible to fire anyone foranything short of a felony, andMr. Connolly appealed his case

to the EU’s Court of First In-stance.To his astonishment, it up-

held his dismissal, reasoningthat the EU has broad, unde-fined power to stifle politicalcriticism to protect “the generalinterests of the Communities.”It turns out that what offendedthe bureaucrats was not Mr.Connolly’s economic arguments. In acarefully drawn up bill of particulars,they explained that his sin was to havewritten about such things as the “blind

arrogance of Frenchmen such as JacquesDelors and his Commission acolytes,”the “opportunism” of the Italian govern-ment, and the European Commission’sman in London’s “ceaseless denigra-tion” of his own country. Mr. Connollyalso compared “British Euro-enthusi-asts” to fellow-travelers who defendedStalin in the 1930s. This sort of talk greatly pained the European ruling classwhen The Rotten Heart of Europe waspublished in 1995.

Mr. Connolly appealed the lowercourt’s decision to the EU’s Supreme

Court and got another shock. The court’sprosecutor Damaso Ruiz-Jarabo Colo-mer explicitly compared Mr. Connolly’swords to blasphemy, arguing that someforms of expression are so offensive tothe “rights of others” that they must besuppressed—a view the court happilyendorsed. Mr. Colomer cited as a pre-cedent the British case of Wingrove v.United Kingdom, in which the court re-fused to permit the distribution of a por-nographic movie called “Visions of Ec-stasy” about the 16th-century Carmelitenun St. Teresa. In the movie St. Teresa

has visions of lesbian couplings, as wellas a necrophiliac fantasy about the cru-cified Christ, which culminates with herastride the body of Jesus who is laid onthe ground still nailed to the cross. Asheavy rock music plays in the back-ground and she appears to reach orgasm,Christ begins to revive and holds handswith St. Teresa.

It is very unusual for the British toban something because it offends Chris-tians, but a court made an exception for

“Visions of Ecstasy” because of themagnitude of the offense. It is ominousthat the EU’s Supreme Court should useidentical reasoning to justify taking ac-

tion against its employee, but perhapsnot very surprising for a continent thatforbids truth about race and denial of Holocaust orthodoxy.

Decisions of the EU’s Supreme Courtare final and cannot be appealed. Fortu-nately, they have a limited jurisdiction,and Mr. Connolly’s book can still befound in bookstores. However, like left-ies everywhere, EU bureaucrats craveunlimited power, and European nationscontinue to strip themselves of what wasonce called national sovereignty. [Am-brose Evans-Pritchard, Now it’s Blas-phemy to Mock Europe, Spectator (Lon-don), Nov. 18, 2000.]

Africans at Work

Sloan Financial Group is the largestblack-owned money-management firmin America. It sells shares in the NewAfrican Opportunity Fund, which is sup-posed to invest in businesses in Africa.Sloan has filed suit against an employeewho, along with his wife, managed thefund from offices in South Africa. Jus-tin Hackett paid himself huge bonuses,charged kickbacks from African com-panies he recommended for inclusion inthe fund, and is accused of stealing mil-lions of dollars of fund money. The New

African Opportunity Fund is private, andreturns to investors are not publiclyavailable. [Judith Burns, Sloan Finan-cial Sues Ex-Employees on LootingCharges, Wall Street Journal, Feb. 27,2001. p. A8.]

Meanwhile, Eyethu Mining Associa-tion, one of the first black-owned goldmining companies to be established af-ter the end of apartheid, has been dis-covered to be selling gold off the books.It owes at least 500,000 rand in taxes

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and 70,000 rand in royalties, and theministry of minerals and energy says theentire board of trustees will have to go,before the company gets another oper-ating license. However, a spokesman forthe ministry says there are no plans topress criminal charges. “We would stilllike to help these people,” he explains.

[Unscrupulous Businessmen DestroyBlack-owned Mining Company, AfricaNews Service, Feb. 26, 2001.]

Dissing the Queen

Richard Blackwood is a popularblack comedian in Britain. Last Octo-ber, on a television program, he com-plained that Queen Elizabeth looksbored on British banknotes and referredto her as a “a bitch.” Complaints pouredin to the Broadcasting Standards Com-mission, which has now ruled that the

term is not offensive when used byblacks. “Richard Blackwood was usingthe term as it is used in rap music, tomean ‘woman’, and not as a term of abuse,” explained the BBC. [AdamSherwin, Blacks Can Call Queen Bitch,Says TV Ruling, Times (London), Feb.28, 2001.]

Classic Urban Renewal

Vallejo is a city of 118,000 people anhour’s ferry ride north of San Francisco.It has worked hard to make itself attrac-

tive and is often included on “best placesto live” lists. Recently the city installeda CD system to play classical music at a

downtown bus stop that had become ahangout for black teenagers. Loiteringcomplaints immediately dropped byhalf. A downtown businessman then do-nated a sound system for his street cor-ner, which also plays classical music to

clear out the riffraff. Mayor Joe Intintolisays other cities are calling to learn moreabout this method of urban renewal.“The arts can be a great technique forchanging the environment of an area of town,” he says. “We can change thewhole feel of this downtown.” The usualpeople say this is “racism.” [Gil José

Duran, Vallejo Gets Bad Rap for Experi-ment in Classical Music, San Jose Mer-cury News, Feb. 27, 2001, p. 1.]

Here They Come

In mid-2000 there were 6.1 billionpeople on earth, a number that couldreach 11 billion by 2050. The world’spopulation is growing by 77 millionpeople or 1.2 percent every year. Justsix countries, none of them white—In-dia, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangla-desh and Indonesia—account for half

the increase. Some countries are losingpopulation. By 2050 Russia, Georgiaand Ukraine could be 28 to 40 percentsmaller. Italy and Hungary could lose aquarter of their populations, and Japanand Germany could be 14 percentsmaller.

AIDS will not be a significant brakeon population growth. Thirty-six percentof the people of Botswana are HIV posi-tive, but that will not stop the popula-tion from growing by 37 percent. InSwaziland and Zimbabwe, more than 25percent are carriers, but their populations

are projected to grow by 148 percent and86 percent respectively. For the ninemost affected countries in Africa, whereHIV prevalence is above 14 percent, thetotal population is likely to grow from115 million to 196 million. [WilliamReilly, UN: World Population CouldReach 11 Billion by 2050, UPI, Feb. 28,2001.]

Meanwhile, in the United States, theCensus Bureau cheerfully reports thatwe have 60 percent more Hispanics thanwe did in 1990, and that there are nowmore Hispanics than blacks in America.

[D’Vera Cohn and Darryl Fears, Hispan-ics Draw Even With Blacks in New Cen-sus, Washington Post, March 7, 2001,p. A1.]

Diversity Breeds Mistrust

A high-priced Harvard study has un-covered the obvious: People who livein diverse parts of the country trust eachother less than do people in homoge-neous areas. In a study of what he calls

“civic engagement,” Robert Putnamfound that people who live in places likeLewiston, Maine, or the white mid-Westare more likely to trust co-workers, shopclerks, strangers, and the police then arepeople who live in Los Angeles, for ex-ample. Mr. Putnam, who wrote thepopular book Bowling Alone, adjusted

the results for population density, andfound that diversity still underminestrust. [Peter Hong, Love They Neigh-bor? Not in L.A., Los Angeles Times,March 2, 2001.]

‘No’ to Intermarriage

A group of 25 Jewish rabbis, schol-ars, and community leaders has beenestablished to try to persuade more Jewsto marry each other rather than gentiles.In a written statement after its initialmeeting in February, it announced the

following intention: “to work togetherto help restore the ideals of in-marriage,and to promote its importance to thefuture of the Jewish community, and tothe preservation of Judaism and the Jew-ish people.”

Steve Bayme, national director of contemporary Jewish life for the Ameri-can Jewish Committee, who organizedthe meeting, said the goal is no less than“to change the culture” around inter-marriage in American Jewish life.Steven M. Cohen, who teaches at He-brew University of Jerusalem and who

spoke at the meeting, put it this way:“To say that intermarriage is indeed

an unfortunate and inevitable conse-quence of life as a minority in an open,democratic and pluralist society is notto say that we must endorse the accep-tance of intermarriage. We cannot aban-don one of the most critical and funda-mental norms of Jewish life, one whichis the linchpin of so much else that wehold dear and value about being Jew-ish.”

Rabbi Jeffrey Salkin of The Commu-nity Synagogue, in Port Washington,

Long Island, also took part in the meet-ing and stressed the importance of ar-ticulating the message that “there’s onlyone reason for Jews to marry Jews: be-cause we want Judaism to continue.”“There has to be a ‘what for’ in the mes-sage that we give people to marry Jews,”he added. “The ‘what for’ is that Juda-ism is worth struggling for.” [DebraNussbaum Cohen, Coalition Formed toFight Intermarriage, New York JewishWeek, March 3, 2001.]

Proven lout repellent.

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