2001 Directory of Lime Plants in the United States · 1 LIME PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES IN 2001 During 2001, there were 100 plants that produced quicklime, although 4 plants shut

U.S. Department of the Interior February 2002U.S. Geological Survey

Mineral Industry SurveysFor information, contact:M. Michael Miller, Lime Commodity SpecialistU.S. Geological Survey983 National CenterReston, VA 20192Telephone: (703) 648-7716, Fax: (703) 648-7722E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals

2001 DIRECTORY OF LIME PLANTS IN THE

UNITED STATES

1

LIME PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES IN 2001

During 2001, there were 100 plants that produced quicklime, although 4 plants shut down during the year and another wasidled in early 2002. There were 13 separate hydrating facilities (including 2 plants where the kilns had been shut down buthydrate was manufactured from quicklime produced offsite).

There were several acquisitions made during 2001. In May, Graymont Ltd. announced the acquisition of Con-Lime Inc.,a quicklime and calcium carbonate producer located near Bellefonte in Centre County, PA. The plant has been added to theGraymont (PA) Inc. operations of Graymont Ltd. (National Lime Association, 2001a). On July 1, Mississippi Lime Co.finalized a deal to acquire the Springfield, MO, lime plant of Ash Grove Cement Co. Products produced at the plant includequicklime, Type S building lime, and food-grade hydrated lime (National Lime Association, 2001b). Chemical Lime Co.acquired the Florida Crushed Stone Co. hydrating plant in Brooksville, FL. This plant complements Chemical Lime’ssoutheastern network of three lime plants in Alabama and two Florida distribution terminals.

In a rather complicated case, on December 11, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), as part of a merger betweenLafarge S.A. and Blue Circle Industries plc, approved the proposed divestiture by Lafarge of Blue Circle’s Calera, AL, limeplant to Peak Investments L.L.C. The consent order first required Blue Circle to obtain total ownership of the lime plant,which was operating as a joint venture with Chemical Lime Co. Lafarge already had a joint-venture interest in CarmeuseNorth America (the largest lime producer in North America). Without the divestiture, the FTC estimated that Carmeuse andChemical Lime Co. would have controlled 85% of the lime market in the southeast region. The Calera plant will operateunder the name Southern Lime Co.

Plant closures included actions by the two largest lime producers Carmeuse and Chemical Lime. In early 2002, Carmeuseidled its San Antonio Lime, Inc.; a decision on its future will be made later in the year. Carmeuse also sold the quarryoperations associated with its Pennsylvania Lime, Inc. subsidiary, but retained the two lime plants at Annville and Hanover. Chemical Lime mothballed its Virginia Plant #2, but continued to use the hydrator. At the end of the year, the company alsoidled its Douglas, AZ, plant, which provided lime primarily for the mining industry. Two other Chemical Lime plants(Tenmile in Idaho and Palmetto Lime in South Carolina) have been in mothball status since late 1999 and mid-2000,respectively. These two plants were erroneously listed as operational in the 2000 Directory of Lime Plants in the UnitedStates.

In addition, there were two significant closures in the captive sector—LTV Steel Corp. and Northwest Alloys, Inc. TheLTV Corp., along with 48 subsidiaries, filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code onDecember 29, 2000. On December 7, 2001, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court issued an order authorizing the implementation ofan Asset Protection Plan (APP). The APP included the shutdown and sale of all integrated steel assets. This included theLTV lime plant at Grand River, OH (LTV Corp., January 4, 2002, LTV announces sale process for integrated steel assets,accessed January 14, 2002, via URL http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/liststory?516787^769). Northwest Alloys, amagnesium metal producer in Addy, WA, that produced dolomitic lime for captive use, was shut down October 1, due tohigh production costs and unfavorable market conditions (Alcoa Inc., June 22, 2001, Alcoa shuts down Northwest Alloysmagnesium smelter, accessed January 7, 2002, at URL http://www.businesswire.com/alcoa/alcoa-2001.shtml).

Cover photo: Linwood Mining & Minerals Corp.’s Davenport Lime Plant, Kiln # 4. Photo is used courtesy of Craig A.Shaw of Ferenco, Delta, British Columbia, and Linwood Mining & Minerals Corp., Davenport, IA.

2

There was a merger of dolomitic refractories companies. The merger was between Baker Refractories, York, PA, andWülfrath Refractories, Hilden, Germany, which was a subsidiary of the Lhoist Group of Belgium. The new company will beheadquartered in Hilden, but sales administration and customer service for the Americas will be handled by LWBRefractories Co., York, PA (Lhoist Group, June 2001, Merged Wülfrath Refractories and Baker form LWB Refractories,accessed January 7, 2002, via URL http://www.lhoist.com).

Although data for 2001 were unavailable, the top 10 plants in 2000 were:

1. Ste. Genevieve plant of Mississippi Lime Co. in Ste. Genevieve County, MO;2. Maysville plant of Carmeuse North America/Dravo Lime, Inc. in Mason County, KY;3. Black River plant of Carmeuse North America/Dravo Lime, Inc. in Pendleton County, KY;4. Ste. Genevieve plant of Chemical Lime Co. in Ste. Genevieve County, MO;5. Longview plant of Carmeuse North America/Dravo Lime, Inc. in Shelby County, AL;6. Buffington plant of Carmeuse North America/Marblehead Lime, Inc. in Lake County, IN; 7. Montevallo/Alabaster plant of Chemical Lime Co. in Shelby County, AL;8. Woodville plant of Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties, Inc. in Sandusky County, OH;9. Pilot Peak plant of Graymont Western US Inc. in Elko County, NV; and10. Cricket Mountain plant of Graymont Western US Inc., in Millard County, UT.

References Cited

National Lime Association, 2001a, Graymont acquires Con-Lime: Limelites, v. 68, no. 1, July-September, p. 4.———2001b, Mississippi Lime acquires Ash Grove’s Springfield lime plant: Limelites, v. 68, no. 1, July-September, p. 4.

1Formerly Blue Circle, Inc.

3

LIME PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATESAS OF DECEMBER 31, 2000

[#, hydrating plant only; DL, dolomitic quicklime; Q, high-calcium quicklime; H, high-calcium hydrated lime; C, lime plant is operated mainly for captive

consumption; UG, underground mine; DH, dolomitic hydrate; C&S, captive consumption with significant commercial sales; S&C, commercial sales

with some captive consumption; DB, refractory, dead-burned dolomite]

State and company name Name of plant County Type of lime produced

AlabamaCarmeuse North America Longview Shelby Q, HDravo Lime, Inc.P.O. Box 37Saginaw, AL 35137

Chemical Lime Co. Alabaster Shelby Q, DLP.O. Box 479 Montevallo Shelby Q, DL, HMontevallo, AL 35115 O’Neal Shelby Q

Cheney Lime & Cement Co. Landmark Shelby Q, HP.O. Box 160 Allgood # Blount HAllgood, AL 35013

Southern Lime Co.1 Calera Shelby Q, HP.O. Box 181Calera, AL 35040

ArizonaChemical Lime Co. Nelson Yavapai Q, H6263 N. Scottsdale Rd.Suite 280Scottsdale, AZ 85250

ArkansasU.S. Lime & Minerals, Inc. Batesville Independence Q, HArkansas Lime Co.P.O. Box 2356600 Limedale Rd.Batesville, AR 72501

CaliforniaChemical Lime Co. City of Industry # Los Angeles H14931 Salt Lake Ave.City of Industry, CA 91744

Chemical Lime Co. Natividad Monterey DL11771 Old Stage Rd.Salinas, CA 93908

Chemical Lime Co. Stockton # San Joaquin H4303 South McKinley Ave.Stockton, CA 95206


2Owned and operated by Pete Lien & Sons, Inc.3This operation was formerly Florida Crushed Stone Co.

4

California (Continued)Imperial Sugar Company (C) Mendota Fresno QHolly Sugar Co. Brawley Imperial QP.O. Box 9Sugar Land, TX 77487

ColoradoColorado Hydrate2 Laporte # Larimer H3927 N. Overland TrailLaporte, CO 80535

Western Sugar Co. (C) Fort Morgan Morgan QP.O. Box 617Fort Morgan, CO 80701

Western Sugar Co. (C) Greeley Weld Q1302 1st Ave.Greeley, CO 80631

FloridaChemical Lime Co.3 Brooksville # Hernando HBrooksville Hydrating Plant10311 Cement Plant RoadBrooksville, FL 34601

GeorgiaGlobal Stone Georgia Hydrate, Inc. Macon # Bibb H4921 Old Gaul City Rd.Macon, GA 31206

IdahoThe Amalgamated Sugar Co. (C) Nampa Canyon QP.O. Box 250Nampa, ID 83653

The Amalgamated Sugar Co. (C) Mini-Cassia Minidoka QP.O. Box 3000Paul, ID 83653

The Amalgamated Sugar Co. (C) Twin Falls Twin Falls QP.O. Box 127Twin Falls, ID 83301


5

IllinoisCarmeuse North America South Chicago Cook Q, HMarblehead Lime, Inc.390 East Joe Orr Rd.P.O. Box 488Chicago Heights, IL 60411-0488

Vulcan Materials Co. McCook Cook QMidwest Division Manteno Kankakee DLP.O. Box 6500 W. Plainfield Rd.Countryside, IL 60525

IndianaCarmeuse North America Buffington Lake QMarblehead Lime, Inc.390 East Joe Orr Rd.P.O. Box 488Chicago Heights, IL 60411-0488

Ispat Inland, Inc. (C) Indiana Harbor Lake Q3210 Watling St.E. Chicago, IN 46312

IowaLinwood Mining & Minerals Corp. Linwood (UG) Scott Q, H, DL4321 E. 60th St.Davenport, IA 52807

KentuckyCarmeuse North America Black River (UG) Pendleton Q, HDravo Lime, Inc. Maysville (UG) Mason Q11 Stanwix St., 11th FloorPittsburgh, PA 15222

LouisianaCarmeuse North America Pelican # E. Baton Rouge HDravo Lime, Inc.11 Stanwix St., 11th FloorPittsburgh, PA 15222

USG Corp. New Orleans Orleans Q, H101 Wacker Dr.Chicago, IL 60606


4This was formerly Ash Grove Cement Springfield plant.

6

MassachusettsSouthdown Corp. Lee Berkshire DL, DHLee PlantMarble St.Lee, MA 01238

Specialty Minerals, Inc. (C&S) Adams Berkshire Q260 Columbia St.Adams, MA 01220

MichiganCarmeuse North America Detroit Wayne QDetroit Lime, Inc. River Rouge Wayne Q8800 Dix HighwayDetroit, MI 48823

Imperial Sugar Company Sebewaing Huron QMichigan Sugar Co. (C) Carolton Saginaw QP.O. Box 11348 Croswell Sanilac QSaginaw, MI 48605 Caro Tuscola Q

Monitor Sugar Co. (C) Bay City Bay Q2600 S. Euclid St.Bay City, MI 48706

MinnesotaAmerican Crystal Sugar Co. (C) Moorhead Clay Q101 N. 3rd St. Crookston Polk QMoorhead, MN 56560 East Grand Forks Polk Q

Southern Minnesota Sugar Corp. (C) Renville Renville QP.O. Box 500Renville, MN 56284

MississippiFalco Lime, Inc. Vicksburg # Warren H1543 Haining Rd.Vicksburg, MS 39180

MissouriChemical Lime Co. Ste. Genevieve Ste. Genevieve QP.O. Box 466Ste. Genevieve, MO 63670-0466

Mississippi Lime Co. (S&C) Ste. Genevieve (UG) Ste. Genevieve Q, H7 Alby St. Springfield4 Greene Q, HAlton, IL 62002


5Lime kiln is idle, only the hydrator is in operation.

7

MontanaGraymont Western US Inc. Indian Creek Broadwater Q3950 South 700 EastSuite 301Salt Lake City, UT 84107

Imperial Sugar Company (C) Sidney Richland QHolly Sugar Corp.P.O. Box 9Sugar Land, TX 77487

Western Sugar Co. (C) Billings Yellowstone Q3020 State Ave.P.O. Box 30878Billings, MT 59107

NebraskaWestern Sugar Co. (C) Bayard Morrill QP.O. Box 647W. 8th St.Bayard, NE 69334

Western Sugar Co. (C) Mitchell Scotts Bluff QP.O. Box 67Mitchell, NE 69357

Western Sugar Co. (C) Scottsbluff Scotts Bluff QP.O. Box 17682100 E. OverlandScottsbluff, NE 69361

NevadaChemical Lime Co. Apex Clark Q, HOld Salt Lake Highway Henderson5 Clark DHN. Las Vegas, NV 89124

Graymont Western US Inc. Pilot Peak Elko Q, H3950 South 700 EastSuite 301Salt Lake City, UT 84107

New MexicoChemical Lime Co. Belen # Bernalillo H81 Chrisfine Dr.Rio Grande Industrial ParkBelen, NM 87002


8

North DakotaAmerican Crystal Sugar Co. (C) Drayton Pembina QP.O. Box 190Drayton, ND 58225

American Crystal Sugar Co. (C) Hillsboro Traill QP.O. Box 30Hillsboro, ND 58045

Minn-Dak Farmers Coop. (C) Minn-Dak Richland QWahpeton, ND 58075

OhioCarmeuse North America Millersville Sandusky DL, DBMillersville Lime, Inc.P.O. Box 128128 East Main St.Woodville, OH 43469

Carmeuse North America Maple Grove Seneca DL, DBOhio Lime, Inc.West County Road 42Bettsville, OH 44815

Elkem Metals Co. (C) Ashtabula Ashtabula QP.O. Box 40Ashtabula, OH 44004

Graymont Dolime (OH) Inc. Genoa Ottawa DL, DHP.O. Box 158Genoa, OH 43430

Huron Lime Co. Huron Erie QP.O. Box 451Huron, OH 44839

Martin Marietta Woodville Sandusky DL, DBMagnesia Specialties, Inc. (C&S)

P.O. Box 187Woodville, OH 43469

Mid Ohio Valley Lime, Inc. Marietta # Washington HState Route 7Marietta, OH 45750

National Lime & Stone Co. Carey Wyandot DL, DHP.O. Box 120Findlay, OH 45839


6This was formerly Baker Refractories Co.

9

OklahomaGlobal Stone St. Clair, Inc. Marble City (UG) Sequoyah Q, HP.O. Box 894Oklahoma City, OK 73101

OregonThe Amalgamated Sugar Co. (C) Nyssa Malheur QP.O. Box 1766Nyssa, OR 97913

Ash Grove Cement Co. Portland Multnomah Q, H13939 N. Rivergate Blvd.Portland, OR 97203

PennsylvaniaCarmeuse North America Hanover Adams DL, QPennsylvania Lime, Inc. Millard Lebanon Q, HP.O. Box 160Annville, PA 17003

Graymont (PA) Inc. Bellefonte Centre Q, HP.O. Box 448 Con Lime (UG) Centre Q, HBellefonte, PA 16823 Pleasant Gap Centre Q, H

LWB Refractories Co. (C&S)6 York York DBP.O. Box 1189York, PA 17405

Mercer Lime and Stone Co. Branchton Butler Q, H1120 Porter Building601 Grant St.Pittsburgh, PA 15219

Puerto RicoFlorida Lime Corp. Ponce San Juan Q, HP.O. Box 1349Ponce, PR 00731

South DakotaPete Lien & Sons, Inc. Rapid City Pennington Q, HP.O. Box 440Rapid City, SD 57709


7Plant is being idled early in 2002.

10

TennesseeBowater Southern Paper Corp. (C) Calhoun McMinn QU.S. Highway 11Calhoun, TN 37309-0188

Global Stone Tenn Luttrell, Inc. Luttrell (UG) Union Q, HP.O. Box 69Luttrell, TN 37779

TexasAustin White Lime Co. McNeil Travis Q, HP.O. Box 9556Austin, TX 78766

Carmeuse North America San Antonio7 Bexar Q, HSan Antonio Lime, Inc.P.O. Box 690370San Antonio, TX 78269

Chemical Lime Co. Clifton Bosque Q, HP.O. Box 985004 Marble Falls Burnet DLFt. Worth, TX 76185-5004 New Braunfels Conal Q, H, DL, DH

Imperial Sugar Company (C) Hereford Deaf Smith QHolly Sugar Co.P.O. Box 9Sugar Land, TX 77487

U.S. Lime & Minerals, Inc. Plant #1 Johnson Q, HTexas Lime Co.P.O. Box 851Cleburne, TX 76033

UtahChemical Lime Co. Grantsville Tooele DL, DHP.O. Box 537Grantsville, UT 84029

Graymont Western US Inc. Cricket Mountain Millard Q, DL3950 South 700 EastSuite 301Salt Lake City, UT 84107


8Lime kilns are idle, only the hydrator is in operation.

11

VirginiaChemical Lime Co. Plant #1 (UG) Giles Q, HState Road 635 Plant #2 (UG)8 Giles HRipplemead, VA 24150

Global Stone Chemstone, Inc. Dominion Shenandoah Q, HP.O. Box 71Strasburg, VA 22657

Global Stone Chemstone, Inc. Winchester Frederick QP.O. Box 219Clear Brook, VA 22624

Riverton Corp. (C) Riverton Warren HP.O. Box 300Riverton, VA 22651

Shen-Valley Lime Corp. Stephens City # Frederick HP.O. Box 6Stephens City, VA 22655

WashingtonGraymont Western US Inc. Tacoma Pierce Q, HTacoma Lime Division (C&S) 3950 South 700 EastSuite 301Salt Lake City, UT 84107

West VirginiaGreer Lime Co. Riverton Pendleton Q, HP.O. Box 302Riverton, WV 26814

WisconsinCutler-Magner Corp. Superior Douglas Q, HP.O. Box 16807Duluth, MN 55816

Rockwell Lime Co. Manitowoc Manitowoc DL, DH5223 Rockwood Rd.Manitowoc, WI 54220

Western Lime Corp. Green Bay Brown Q, H141 N. Main St. Eden Fond du Lac DL, DHWest Bend, WI 53095


12

WyomingImperial Sugar Company (C) Torrington Goshen QHolly Sugar Co. Worland Washakie QP.O. Box 9Sugar Land, TX 77487

Western Sugar Co. (C) Lovell Big Horn QP.O. Box 877Lovell, WY 82431

Wyoming Lime Producers Frannie Park QP.O. Box 66Frannie, WY 82423

13

LIME PRODUCING COMPANIES ACTIVE IN THE UNITED STATESAS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001

[O, other, including Calcimatic, fluidized bed, pot, etc.; P, purchased; V, vertical or shaft;

Q, quarried or mined on site; R, rotary; H, hydrator only]

Company Plant location Source of(Web address, if available) (Name, if different) Kiln type kiln feed

The Amalgamated Sugar Co. Nampa, ID O PPaul, ID V PTwin Falls, ID V PNyssa, OR P

American Crystal Sugar Co. Crookston, MN V PEast Grand Forks, MN V PMoorhead, MN PDrayton, ND V PHillsboro, ND P

Ash Grove Cement Co. Portland, OR O Pwww.ashgrove.com

Austin White Lime Co. McNeil, TX R Q

Bowater Southern Paper Corp. Calhoun, TN R Qwww.bowater.com

Carmeuse North America:Northern Region:

•Marblehead Lime, Inc. South Chicago, IL R PBuffington, IN R P

•Detroit Lime, Inc. Detroit, MI R PRiver Rouge, MI R P

•Ohio Lime, Inc. Maple Grove, OH R Q•Millersville Lime, Inc. Millersville, OH R Q

Southern Region:•Dravo Lime, Inc. Saginaw, AL (Longview) R Q

Carntown, KY (Black River) R QMaysville, KY R QBaton Rouge, LA (Pelican) H

•Pennsylvania Lime, Inc. Annville, PA (Millard) R PHanover, PA O P

•San Antonio Lime, Inc. San Antonio, TX R P(See footnote p. 10.)


14

Chemical Lime Co. Alabaster, AL R Qwww.chemicallime.com Calera, AL (O’Neal) R QSee also www.lhoist.com Montevallo, AL R Q

Nelson, AZ R QCity of Industry, CA HSalinas, CA (Natividad) R QStockton, CA HBrooksville, FL HSte. Genevieve, MO R QBelen, NM HNorth Las Vegas, NV (Apex) R QHenderson, NV HClifton, TX R, V QMarble Falls, TX V QNew Braunfels, TX V, R Q, PGrantsville, UT R QKimbalton, VA (Plant #1) R QKimbalton, VA (Plant #2) H

Cheney Lime & Cement Co. Allgood, AL Hwww.cheneylime.com Siluria, AL R Q

Cutler-Magner Corp. Superior, WI R P

Elkem Metals Co. Ashtabula, OH V Pwww.elkem.com

Falco Lime, Inc. Vicksburg, MS H

Florida Lime Corp. Ponce, PR R Qwww.prcement.com/subsidiaries.htm

Global Stone Corp.:www.oglebaynorton.com/global.html

•Global Stone Georgia Hydrate, Inc. Macon, GA H•Global Stone St. Clair, Inc. Marble City, OK R Q•Global Stone Tenn Luttrell, Inc. Luttrell, TN R, V Q•Global Stone Chemstone, Inc. Strasburg, VA V, R, O Q

Clear Brook, VA (Winchester) R Q


15

Graymont Ltd.:•Graymont Western US Inc. Townsend, MT (Indian Creek) R Qwww.graymont-ut.com Wendover, NV (Pilot Peak) R Q

Delta, UT (Cricket Mountain) R QTacoma, WA R P

•Graymont Dolime (OH) Inc. Genoa, OH R Qwww.graymont-oh.com

•Graymont (PA) Inc. Bellefonte, PA R QBellefonte, PA (Con Lime) R QPleasant Gap, PA R Q

Greer Lime Co. Riverton, WV R Qwww.greerlime.com

Huron Lime Co. Huron, OH R P

Imperial Sugar Company:•Holly Sugar Corp. Brawley, CA V Pwww.imperialsugar.com/ Mendota, CA R Pholly_sugar/index_main.htm Sidney, MT V P

Hereford, TX V PTorrington, WY V PWorland, WY V P

•Michigan Sugar Co. Sebewaing, MI V PCaro, MI V PCarolton, MI V PCroswell, MI V P

Ispat Inland, Inc. Indiana Harbor, IN R Pwww.inland.com

LWB Refractories Co. York, PA R Q

Pete Lien & Sons, Inc. Rapid City, SD R Q•Colorado Hydrate Laporte, CO H

Linwood Mining & Minerals Corp. Linwood, IA R Qwww.linwood-mining.com

Martin Marietta Mag. Specialties, Inc. Woodville, OH R Qwww.magspecialties.com

Mercer Lime and Stone Co. Branchton, PA R Pwww.mercerlime.com

Mid Ohio Valley Lime, Inc. Marietta H

Minn-Dak Farmers Coop. Wahpeton, ND V P


16

Mississippi Lime Co. Ste. Genevieve, MO R, V Qwww.mississippilime.com Springfield, MO V, O Q

Monitor Sugar Co. Bay City, MI V Pwww.monitorsugar.com

National Lime & Stone Co. Carey, OH O Qwww.nationallime.com

Riverton Corp. Riverton, VA V Q

Rockwell Lime Co. Manitowoc, WI R Q

Shen-Valley Lime Corp. Stephens City, VA H

Southdown Corp. Lee, MA R Q

Southern Lime Co. Calera, AL (Roberta) R Q

Southern Minnesota Sugar Corp. Renville, MN V P

Specialty Minerals, Inc. Adams, MA O Qwww.minteq.com/specialty.html

U.S. Lime & Minerals, Inc.:www.uslm.com

•Arkansas Lime Co. Batesville, AR R Q•Texas Lime Co. Cleburne, TX R Q

USG Corp. New Orleans, LA R P

Vulcan Materials Co. Manteno, IL R Qwww.vulcanmaterials.com McCook, IL R P

Western Lime Corp. Eden, WI R QGreen Bay, WI R P

Western Sugar Co. Fort Megan, CO V PGreeley, CO O PBillings, MT V PBayard, NE O PMitchell, NE V PScottsbluff, NE V PLovell, WY V P


17

Wyoming Lime Producers Frannie, WY R Pwww.basinelectric.com/dcc/

limeplan.htm

For additional information, including telephone numbers for most commercial limecompanies, visit the website of the National Lime Association at <www.lime.org> or

telephone (703) 243-5463.

2001 Directory of Lime Plants in the United States · 1 LIME PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES IN 2001 During 2001, there were 100 plants that produced quicklime, although 4 plants shut

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