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Advanced Placement United States History
Directions: Each of the questions or statements below is
followed by four or five suggested answers or completions. Select
the one that is BEST in each case and place what you think is the
correct letter on the answer sheet provided.
Unit I: The Colonial Era (1607-1763) 1. A central theme of the
Puritan Ethic is its emphasis on:(A) world economic dependency on
the institution of slavery.(B) the mobility of America's class
structure.(C) the damaging effects of slavery on the South's
economy.(D) patriotism and the glorification of the American
nation.(E) hard work, thrift, and sobriety as signs of election. 2.
In colonial America the enlightened view that reason can solve
humanity's problems helps explain the:(A) early growth of New
England education.(B) eighteenth century belief in Deism.(C) lack
of public libraries.(D) Puritan and Quaker attitudes toward
slavery.(E) curriculum of higher education. 3. The competition for
North American territory was a major cause of:(A) the
Mexican-American War.(B) the French and Indian War.(C) the
Revolutionary War.(D) the Civil War.(E) the War of 1812. 4. To
promote public libraries and the study of philosophy in colonial
America was a major objective of the:(A) Moravian Community in
colonial Pennsylvania.(B) Knickerbocker magazine of the 1840's.(C)
Rappites and Shakers.(D) American Phrenological Journal in the
1840's.*(E) Philadelphia Junto Club. 5. A major objective of the
New England Transcendentalists was to:(A) expand humanity's vision
of itself by stressing individual initiative.(B) subject the
community to the moral and political leadership of a few.(C)
promote the ideals of economic and political equality.(D) raise the
public's consciousness concerning the immorality of slavery.(E)
promote public awareness of the bad effects of alcohol by urging
sobriety.
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6. Who among the following was the first to circumnavigate the
world, although he died on route?(A) Juan Ponce de Leon.(B)
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado(C) Giovanni da Verrazano(D) Hernando
de Soto(E) Ferdinand Magellan 7. All of the following are
characteristics of the Puritans EXCEPT:(A) a belief in hard work,
sobriety, and material success.(B) a respect for education.(C) a
belief that intellectual leadership is supplied by the clergy.(D) a
disbelief in Democracy.(E) a toleration of other religious beliefs.
8. A central objective of John Rolfe was:(A) to encourage
centralization and cooperation.(B) to increase the wealth of the
mother country.(C) to keep the colonies friendly.(D) to develop the
fur trade.(E) to encourage the Virginia tobacco crop. 9. During
colonial times, the Congregationalists settled in:(A)
Pennsylvania.(B) New York.(C) New Jersey.(D) New England.(E)
Maryland. 10. A central objective of the early New England Puritan
leadership was to:(A) establish religious liberty for all.(B)
eliminate the use of alcohol and tobacco.(C) eliminate any
distinction between church and state.(D) reproduce the
ecclesiastical structure of the Church of England.(E) establish the
moral authority of the community over individual self-interest..
11. A region near a bay is called the:(A) fall line.(B) Great
Divide.(C) tidewater.(D) Appalachians.(E) Piedmont.
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12. All of the following were religious leaders during colonial
times EXCEPT:(A) William Ellery Channing.(B) Benjamin Rush.(C) John
Woolman.(D) Cotton Mather.(E) George Whitefield. 13. A tidewater
refers to:(A) a plain in the eastern region of the United
States.(B) an area where the directional flow of rivers changes.(C)
the major eastern mountain range.(D) a region near a bay.(E) the
navigability of rivers. 14. Who among the following discovered
Florida while searching for the legendary "Fountain of Youth?"(A)
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado(B) Juan Ponce de Leon *(C) Ferdinand
Magellan(D) Giovanni da Verranzano(E) Hernando de Soto 15. The
First Great Awakening was:(A) a religious revival that occurred
throughout the American colonies. (B) a slave rebellion in colonial
South Carolina.(C) an eighteenth century religious movement among
Native Americans (Indians) dedicated to reaffirming traditional
values.(D) the flowering of Enlightment political thought in
colonial America.(E) an early colonial protest against English
imperial policy. 16. Which of the following MOST ACCURATELY
describes the attitude of seventeenth century Puritans toward
religious liberty?(A) Having suffered persecution in England, they
extended toleration to everyone.(B) The tolerated no one whose
expressed religious views varied from their own views.(C) They
tolerated all Protestant sects, but not Catholics.(D) They
tolerated Catholics, but not Quakers.(E) They had no coherent views
on religious liberty. 17. Which of the following is a correct
statement about the use of slave labor in colonial Virginia?(A) It
was forced on reluctant white Virginians by profit-minded English
merchants and the mercantilist officials of the Crown.(B) It was
the first case in which Europeans enslaved Blacks.(C) It fulfilled
the original plans of the Virginia Company.
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(D) It first occurred after the invention of Eli Whitney's
cotton gin, which greatly stimulated the demand for low-cost
labor.(E) It spread rapidly in the late seventeenth century, as
blacks displaced white indentured servants in the tobacco fields.
18. The French and Indian War was a pivotal point in America's
relationship to Great Britain because it led Great Britain to:(A)
encourage colonial manufactures.(B) impose revenue taxes on the
colonies.(C) ignore the colonies.(D) restrict immigration from
England.(E) grant increased colonial self-government. 19. Deists of
the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries believed
that:(A) natural laws, set by the Creator, govern the operation of
the universe.(B) prayer has the power to make significant changes
in a person's life.(C) the idea of God is merely the childish
imagining of simple minds.(D) the universe was created by a
natural, spontaneous combining of elements.(E) intuition rather
than reason leads human beings to an awareness of the divine. 20.
The mercantilist system in the eighteenth century led to:(A) the
restriction of governmental intervention in the economy.(B) the
protection of Native Americans (Indians) from European economic
exploitations.(C) the expansion of colonial manufacturing.(D) the
subordination of the colonial economy to that of the mother
country.(E) noncompetitive commercial relations among nations. 21.
The tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy were distinctive in that
they:(A) were less militant than other Native American (Indian)
tribes.(B) all allied themselves with the American colonists
against Great Britain during the Revolutionary War.(C) successfully
resisted incorporation into the English fur-trading system.(D) were
converted to Anglicanism.(E) formed the most important Native
American political organization to confront the colonists. 22.
According to a current widely accepted hypothesis , which of the
following was common to all of the native peoples of North and
South America before 1492?(A) Accurate astronomical calendars.(B)
Domestication of wild horses.(C) Rotation of agricultural crops.(D)
Descent from Asian peoples.(E) Mining of gold and silver. 23. In
the creation of which of the following colonies was commercial
profit the first and
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foremost motive?(A) Connecticut(B) Maryland(C) Virginia(D)
Pennsylvania(E) Rhode Island 24. Great Britain's conquest of French
North America was facilitated by which of the following?(A) The
large number of English-speaking settlers in Canada.(B) The
discovery of the Northwest Passage.(C) The thin settlement of
France's North American colonies.(D) The munitions industry in
England's Atlantic Seaboard colonies.(E) The Battle of Austerlitz.
25. Benjamin Franklin's advice to eighteenth century American
colonists that hard work and thrift would lead them to wealth was
an appropriate formula for the time because:(A) taxes on income
were needed by the government to raise revenues.(B) land scarcity
and a rapidly growing population seriously curtailed economic
opportunities.(C) most people of the period were unusually gullible
and thus easily motivated by slogans and proverbs.(D) formal
education and specialized skills were less necessary to economic
success than they would later become.(E) legal restraints on the
inheritance of wealth were increasing.
Unit II: "A Quarter Century of Revolution (1763 -1788) 26. The
eighth Amendment to the Constitution that establishes the principle
of "bail" deals with:(A) the principle of reasonable search and
seizure.(B) the right to have an attorney provided by the
government.(C) the issue of preventing detention.(D) the issues of
tuition and tax credits private schools.(E) the prohibition against
self-incrimination. 27. The economic idea of regulating intrastate
commerce best matches:(A) the powers reserved by the states.(B) the
powers held concurrently.(C) the powers delegated to the
Congress.(D) a loose interpretation of the Constitution .(E) the
Preamble to the Consititution. 28. Because of the Townshend
Acts:(A) the Committees of Correspondence were formed.(B) the First
Continental Congress was convened.(C) the principle of "salutary
neglect" ended.
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(D) the colonists resented mercantilist economic policy.(E)
colonists demanded "no taxation without representation." 29.
Wisconsin was carved out of the:(A) annexation of Texas.(B) Mexican
Cessian.(C) Oregon Territory.(D) Northwest Territory.(E) Louisiana
Territory. 30. The United States Constitution provides for all of
the following EXCEPT:(A) two terms for the president.(B) equality
under the law.(C) direct election of senators.(D) presidential
nominating conventions.(E) trial by jury. 31. Which of the
following had the LEAST number of followers in America in 1775?(A)
The Dutch Reformed(B) The Anglicans(C) The Congregationalists(D)
The Presbyterians(E) The Unitarians 32. The quotation "... those
who indulge themselves will soon drop to the lower levels of
society" best describes:(A) a view of Alexander Hamilton.(B)
families dominating the older Atlantic states.(C) a view of
Benjamin Franklin.(D) the life of Thomas Paine.(E) Jefferson's
delight in the exploration of the Northwest. 33. The United States
Constitution provides for all of the following EXCEPT:(A) delegated
powers.(B) concurrent powers.(C) federalism.(D) "elastic
clause."(E) immigration laws. 34. A result of the Macon Act was:(A)
an increase in sectional self-awareness.(B) a boycott against
England.(C) improved conditions for construction of a canal through
Central America.(D) improvement of agricultural education.
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(E) stimulation of migration westward. 35. Which of the
following is a motive for the Currency Act of 1764?(A) Taxes on
newspapers(B) The goal of regulating trade with the West Indies(C)
Prohibition of paper money in the colonies(D) The prevention of
frauds and abuses in trade(E) Imposing high tariffs on imports from
the West Indies. 36. Which of the following is true about the
Boston Tea Party?(A) Granted a virtual monopoly to the East India
Company.(B) Closed the port of Boston, changed the government of
Massachusetts, and tried royal officials in Great Britain.(C)
Ordered the colonists to remain on the eastern side of the
Appalachians.(D) Reaffirmed Parliament's right to tax the
colonists.(E) Defied the English by destroying English property.
37. Which event do we associate with "Governments are instituted
among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the
governed"?(A) The issuing of the Declaration of Independence(B) A
naval victory of John Paul Jones(C) The signing of the Mayflower
Compact(D) The First Continental Congress(E) The outbreak of the
American Revolution 38. The most important cause of the American
Revolution was:(A) the American desire to expand from the Atlantic
to the Pacific.(B) the struggle between England and France for
world supremecy.(C) the expansion of French influence in the Ohio
and Mississippi valleys.(D) the British abandonment of the policy
of "salutary neglect."(E) the British violation of the principle of
"freedom of the seas." 39. The wealthiest people in
pre-Revolutionary War America were primarily:(A) lawyers, doctors,
and other professtionals.(B) northern merchants and southern
planters.(C) inland farmers.(D) industrialists.(E) local
governmental officials. 40. The Ordinances of 1785 and 1787 were
notable accomplishments because they:(A) established the principle
that western lands are the joint property of all the states.(B)
initiated a territorial policy that provided for the orderly
creation of new states.(C) made possible a policy of Native
American (Indian) relations that enabled new western areas
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to be settled peacefully.(D) put land into the hands of the
actual settler rather than the speculator.(E) were the basis for
the future settlement of the dispute with Britain over the
northwest posts. 41. France's support for the United States during
the American Revolutionary War was motivated primarily by:(A)
enthusiasm for the revolutionary principles espoused by the
Americans.(B) a desire to weaken its rival, Great Britain.(C) a
desire to regain Canada and the Floridas.(D) pressures from its
ally, Spain.(E) the hope of converting the United States into a
French dependency. 42. By the time of the Revolution, the American
colonists had generally come to believe that creation of a republic
would solve the problems of monarchical rule because a republic
would establish:(A) a highly centralized government led by a social
elite.(B) a strong chief executive.(C) a small, limited government
responsible to the people.(D) unlimited male suffrage.(E) a society
in which there were no differences of rank and status. 43. Marbury
v. Madison (1803) is famous for establishing the principle of:(A)
the sanctity of contracts.(B) the supremecy of the executive over
the legislative branch.(C) judicial review.(D) due process of
law.(E) equal access by any citizen to federal courts. QUESTIONS 44
AND 45 REFER TO THE FOLLOWING HISTORICAL PROBLEM: It is popularly
believed that Patrick Henry, in his speech against the Stamp Act of
1765, implied that George III would be assassinated, and then
concluded with the phrase, "If this be treason, make the most of
it." Four differing reports of this speech, two of which omit the
concluding phrase, are found in the following sources: the diary of
a Frenchmen who was an eyewitness and described the event the same
day; a letter printed in a London newspaper about six weeks later;
a history of Virginia written in 1805; and a note written in 1817
by Thomas Jefferson. 44. The main issue raised by for historians by
the differing reports of Henry's speech is the:(A) formation of
hypotheses about historical causation.(B) validity of historical
metaphor.(C) credibility of historical evidence.(D) use of
anachronisms.(E) form of historical citation.
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45. Which of the following facts casts the greatest doubt on the
accuracy of Jefferson's note confirming the concluding phrase of
Henry's speech?(A) Jefferson and Henry had each served as governor
of Virginia.(B) Jefferson was only twenty-two in 1765.(C)
Jefferson's note was written to a man who was writing a biography
of Henry.(D) Jefferson was not actually a member of the House of
Burgesses in 1765.(E) Jefferson's note was written fifty-two years
after the speech was delivered. 46. A major defect in the national
government established by the Articles of Confederation was that it
lacked:(A) a means of amending the Articles.(B) the authority to
tax.(C) the power to declare war.(D) the authority to make
treaties.(E) a legislative branch. 47. Which of the following was a
widely held belief among the Founding Fathers of the United
States?(A) Direct democracy is superior to representative
government.(B) Widespread ownership of property is a bulwark of
republican government.(C) Political parties are an inevitable
outgrowth of republican government.(D) Universal manhood suffrage
is essential in a free government.(E) The separation of
legislative, executive, and judicial functions leads to
governmental chaos. 48. After 1763, changes in the British imperial
system threatened the interests of which of the following groups of
American colonists?I. Land speculators with interests west of the
AppalachiansII. Newspaper editors and lawyersIII. Farmers wishing
to settle in the Ohio River ValleyIV. Boston smugglers(A) III
only(B) IV only(C) I and III only(D) I, III, and IV only(E) I, II,
III, IV 49. The Stamp Act of 1765 was designed to:(A) increase
colonial postal rates.(B) establish a colonial mint to stamp out
silver coins.(C) facilitate British postal censorship of colonial
mails.(D) establish a colonial postal service.(E) increase British
tax revenue from the colonies.
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50. The French government supported the American Revolution
primarily because:(A) There was general support for the political
ideals of the Englightenment in France.(B) an American victory
would enable France to recapture Canada.(C) Benjamin Franklin and
his scientific achievements inspired the admiration of the
French.(D) France wished to reduce the British empire and gain
influence in North America.(E) France's ally, Spain, was eager to
recapture Gibralter from Britain.
Unit III: "A Nation Takes Shape (1789 -1841)
51. American belief in the progress of technology from 1830 to
1860 encouraged:(A) free public libraries and museums.(B)
democratic goals of political, social, and economic equality.(C)
local communities to raise intellectual and moral standards.(D)
nineteenth-century reforms toward free public education.(E) applied
rather than theoretical science. 52. All of the following concepts
are remembered about Washington's policy of neutrality EXCEPT:(A)
the Era of Good Feeling.(B) an American desire to avoid involvement
in the Napoleonic Wars.(C) Washington's Farewell Address.(D) the
development of political parties.(E) the recall of Citizen Genet by
the French government. 53. Andrew Jackson advocated all of the
following issues EXCEPT:(A) Democratic reform.(B) the extension of
suffrage.(C) property qualifications for voting.(D) the convention
system.(E) popular participation in government. 54. Martin Van
Buren supported an independent treasury in order:(A) to weaken a
banking monopoly.(B) to separate the national government from the
banking system.(C) to stimulate investment in the North and the
West.(D) to put United States credit on firm ground.(E) to increase
capital investment in the South. 55. Arrange the following in their
proper time order: (A) Webster-Hayne Debate, (B) Missouri
Compromise, (C) "corrupt bargain",(D) South Carolina Exposition
(1832)(A) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4(B) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1(C) A-4, B-1,
C-2, D-3
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(D) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 56. Alexander Hamilton advocated all of
the following policies EXCEPT:(A) a lower duty on imports.(B) the
use of excise taxes.(C) rule by the intelligentsia.(D) a national
bank.(E) a protective tariff. 57. The era of the late 1830's was
accompanied by:(A) the prominent activism of the Beecher family.(B)
an economic panic abruptly ending labor reform.(C) the upsurge of
social reform.(D) the continued expansion of the "Protestant
Passion."(E) a growing consensus for free public education. 58. All
of the following are true of Protestantism in the nineteenth
century EXCEPT:(A) that most followers remained in the
Congregational, Presbyterian, and Methodist churches.(B) that the
materialism of American society was incorporated into the
religion.(C) the belief that God continued to be active in human
affairs.(D) that Orthodox Calvinism grew more stringent.(E) that
ordained churchgoers still believed in the Trinity. 59. The heavy
migration to the west called attention to the need for better roads
and canals is true about:(A) the economic basis of sectionalism.(B)
the internal improvement policy of 1815.(C) Jefferson's economic
policy.(D) rechartering the Second National Bank 1816.(E) Jackson's
economic policy. 60. Man's awareness of nature and its many natural
wonders is a theme in:(A) Thomas Jefferson's Notes on Virginia.(B)
Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" and Age of Reason.(C) George
Fitzhugh's Cannibals All and Sociology for the South.(D) Benjamin
Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac.(E) Jonathan Edward's "Sinners in
the Hands of an Angry God." 61. An historian studying the Tariff of
1828 most likely concludes that:(A) it contained a sharp reduction
of duties.(B) it was a reasonable attempt at protectionist
policy.(C) it continued the policy of the tariff that preceded
it.(D) some who voted for it hoped it would fail.
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(E) it was an attempt at a compromise. 62. Each of the following
events is associated with the results of the War of 1812 EXCEPT:(A)
peace on the frontier for a full generation.(B) the end of
hostility by the Treaty of Ghent.(C) a renewal of British
settlement in the Northwest Territory.(D) the rapid growth of
manufacturing in the United States.(E) the return to a policy of
isolation by the United States. 63. All of the following events
occurred during the administration of James Monroe EXCEPT:(A) the
closing of the Western Hemisphere to further colonization.(B) the
end of the "Era of Good Feeling" which was typified by a spirit of
nationalism.(C) the purchase of Florida from Spain.(D) the
convention of 1818 at which the boundary between the United States
and Canada was established.(E) the Rush-Bagot Agreement in which
the United States and Great Britain agreed to naval disarmament on
the Great Lakes. 64. The Non-Intercourse Act involves which of the
following?(A) State nullification(B) Strong protection of new
industries(C) Free navigation on the Mississippi(D) Protecting
maritime rights(E) An embargo bill lasting no more than sixty days
65. The Brook Farm experiment:(A) stressed hard work, sobriety, and
material success.(B) stressed economic and social
eqalitarianism.(C) stressed complex marriage, birth control, and
the eugenic selection of parents to produce superior offspring.(D)
became the largest single Protestant body in the United States.(E)
believed in plain communal living and exalted thought. 66. De Witt
Clinton supported government expenditures on transportation:(A) to
help the development of manufacturing in the South.(B) to help the
development of New York.(C) to help create a new social order.(D)
to help the development of the West.(E) as part of a plan known as
the American System. 67. That there is wide use of the Gothic style
is a trend evident in:(A) eighteenth-century cabinetmaking.(B)
nineteenth-century cabinetmaking.
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(C) America's Romantic Movement in the architecture of the
1840's and 1850's.(D) public and private buildings such as those of
colonial Williamsburg.(E) America's public buildings of the federal
style. 68. All of the following are true of Tecumseh EXCEPT:(A) he
fought against the forces of Indiana Territory Governor William
Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe.(B) he was chief of the
Shawnee.(C) he brought the Indians of the Northwest Territory into
a confederation.(D) he received aid from the British government.(E)
he successfully halted American settlement along the Mississippi
River. 69. An historian studying the economy in 1837 most likely
asks:(A) "What effect did the railroad boom have on the economy as
a whole?"(B) "What effect did a sudden increase in specie have on
the economy?"(C) "What effect did a single invention have on the
economy?"(D) "What effect did canals have on the United States
economic development?"(E) "What effect did a crisis in financial
institutions have on the entire economy?" 70. All of the following
were among the fundamentalist denominations of the 1830's
EXCEPT:(A) the Disciples of Christ.(B) the Primitives.(C) the
Mormons.(D) the Free Willers.(E) the Presbyterians. 71. Which of
the following had the most effective influence on Edward Everett's
public popularity?(A) America's growing interest in health and
fitness.(B) America's growing shift from an oral to a literary
tradition.(C) America's growing interest in free public
education.(D) America's growing apprecation of rhetoric and
oratory.(E) America's growing interest in the novel and unique. 72.
The man responsible for scoring a decisive victory at the Battle of
New Orleans is remembered as:(A) "Old Rough-and-Ready."(B) having
said "We have met the enemy and they are ours."(C) having said
"Don't give up the ship."(D) "Old Hickory."(E) "Old Fuss and
Feathers." 73. The Cumberland Trail connects:
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(A) the Northwest Territory with New Orleans.(B) Cincinnati with
Louisville.(C) Omaha with Kansas City.(D) Tulsa with Little
Rock.(E) Baltimore with Wheeling. 74. The Harford Convention
pertains to which of the following?(A) Importation of slaves until
1808, Three-Fifths Compromise, Elastic Clause, and "due
process."(B) Petition by grievances, "All men are created equal",
inalienable rights, and consent of the governed.(C) Opposition to
slavery, opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Fugitive Slave Law,
and the protective tariff.(D) Two-thirds vote to declare war,
omission of slaves from the census, one term for presidents, and
opposition to the War of 1812.(E) Sovereignty of each state,
indivisibility of sovereignty, null and void, and the union as a
compact among states. 75. That it aided financial operations of the
government is true about:(A) Jefferson's economic policy.(B)
rechartering the Second National Bank of 1816.(C) Jackson's
economic policy.(D) the internal improvement policy of 1815.(E) the
economic basis of sectionalism.
Unit IV: A House Divided (1846-1877) 76. All of the following
concepts are associated with the settlement of California EXCEPT:
(A) the Forty-Niners contributing to a population explosion. (B)
the Mexican cession. (C) the Bear Flag Revolt. (D) John C.
Fremont's proclaiming the Republic of California. (E) French
colonization during the eighteenth century. 77. Henry Clay is
closely associated with all of the following EXCEPT: (A) the
American System. (B) supporting War Hawks in 1812. (C) compromising
on slavery. (D) writing the Compromises of 1850. (E) opposing
popular sovereignty 78. Stephen A. Douglas is closely associated
with all of the following EXCEPT: (A) the presidential candidacy in
1860. (B) the Freeport Doctrine.
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(C) Popular Sovereignty. (D) the Kansas Nebraska Act. (E) the
abolition of slavery throughout the United States. 79. The term
"abolitionist movement" refers to: (A) a Southerner who controlled
the new state governments following the Civil War. (B) a black who
is willingly subservient to white Americans. (C) inhabitants of a
territory deciding for themselves the issue of slavery. (D) a
series of secret stations used to smuggle runaway slaves out of the
South. (E) a vigorous anti-slavery movement demanding the freeing
of slaves without compensation to their old masters. 80. A feature
of the Constitution that is often considered a guard against
dictatorial acts of a powerful president is: (A) the Bill of
Rights. (B) the method of selecting Supreme Court Justices. (C) the
system of checks and balances. (D) federalism. (E) the impeachment
power of Congress. 81. In pre-Civil War America, the main crop of
Virginia was: (A) tobacco. (B) sugar. (C) hemp. (D) rice. (E) corn.
82. Which of the following was an argument used by the United
States to claim the Oregon Territory? (A) The refusal of the
Mexican government to receive the American negotiator John Slidell.
(B) The Peace of Paris of 1783. (C) The impressment of American
sailors into the British navy. (D) The Monroe Doctrine. (E) The
settling of American missionaries and fur traders after the
exploration of Robert Gray and Lewis and Clark. 83. A major cause
of the prosperity of the early 1850's was: (A) bank failures. (B)
easy credit and land speculation. (C) the increasing amount of gold
in the economy. (D) an embargo. (E) the Commercial Revolution. 84.
Stephen A. Douglas, leading spokesman for westward expansion, is
most closely associated
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with: (A) states' rights. (B) popular sovereignty. (C) internal
improvements of roads, canals, and railroads. (D) the federal
government's assumption of the national debt. (E) the nationalist
theory of the Union. 85. The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) heightened
the sectional crisis because it: (A) repealed the Missouri
Compromise. (B) repealed the Fugitive Slave Act. (C) made Kansas
and Nebraska free states. (D) stimulated Southern emigration to the
territories taken from Mexico. (E) signaled acceptance of the
principle of the Wilmot Proviso. 86. During Reconstruction,
Southern Blacks typically did which of the following? (A) Worked as
day laborers in towns and cities. (B) Migrated Northward,
exercising their new freedom. (C) Owned and worked small farms. (D)
Worked in mines and factories. (E) Tilled farms as renters and
sharecroppers. 87. Which of the following BEST characterizes the
response of Great Britain and France to the American Civil War? (A)
They saw advantages in a divided Union, but pursued cautious
policies toward both sides. (B) They favored restoration of the
Union and actively worked to arbitrate the conflict. (C) They
favored permanent separation of the Union and openly supported the
South. (D) They favored permanent separation of the Union and
openly supported the North. (E) They had no interest in the conlict
and remained aloof from it. 88. In part, President Lincoln
refrained from taking action to emancipate slaves until the Civil
War had been in progress for almost two years because: (A) he
sought to retain the loyalty of the border states. (B) slavery
still existed in most Northern states. (C) Congress had not granted
him the authority. (D) he was preparing a plan to send all of the
slaves to Liberia. (E) he feared hostile reaction on the part of
the British and French. 89. " ... the descendants of Africans who
were imported into this country, and sold as slaves ... are not
included, and were not intended to be included, under the word
'citizens' in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the
rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and
secures to citizens of the United States." The passage above is
from which of the following?
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(A) Marbury v. Madison (B) The Liberty Party Platform (C)
McCulloch v. Maryland (D) Dred Scott v. Sanford (E) The Freedmen's
Bureau Act of 1865
90. Which of the following is a correct statement about the use
of slave labor in colonial Virginia? (A) It was forced on reluctant
white Virginians by profit-minded English merchants and the
mercantilist officials of the Crown. (B) It was the first case in
which Europeans enslaved Blacks. (C) It fulfilled the original
plans of the Virginia Company. (D) It first occurred after the
invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin, which greatly stimulated the
demand for low-cost labor. (E) It spread rapidly in the late
seventeenth century, as blacks displaced white indentured servants
in the tobacco fields. 91. The Southern reaction to the Nat Turner
revolt and the publication of The Liberator was to: (A) begin to
argue that slavery was a good institution. (B) encourage the
migration of slaves to the Middle West. (C) agree to discuss the
issue of abolition in Congress. (D) invite Garrison to address the
Virginia legislature on abolition. 92. The North's advantages over
the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the
following EXCEPT: (A) greater agreement over war aims. (B) more
substantial industrial resources. (C) a more extensive railroad
network. (D) dominance in foreign trade. (E) naval supremecy. 93.
Which of the following most likely increased Mexican suspicion of
United States territorial objectives in the 1830's and 1840's? (A)
Abolitionist agitation in the North. (B) Jackson's policy toward
the annexation of Texas (1836-37). (C) The Webster-Ashburton Treaty
(D) Clay's speeches in the campaign of 1844. (E) Rhetoric on
"manifest destiny" in the American press. 94. In the presidential
election of 1860, which of the following positions was asserted by
the Republican Party Platform with respect to slavery? (A) Slavery
should be abolished immediately by the federal government. (B) The
extension of slavery to other countries should be prohibited. (C)
The Missouri Compromise line (36 Degrees, 30 Minutes) should be
extended to the
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Pacific Ocean, and slavery should be prohibited in territories
above that line. (D) The gradual emancipation of the slaves should
begin, and the federal government should compensate slave owners
for the loss of slave property. (E) The extension of slavery to
United States territories should be prohibited by the federal
government, but slavery should be protected in the states where it
already existed. 95. All of the following elements of the Radical
Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction EXCEPT:
(A) provision of 40 acres to each freedman. (B) enactment of the
Fourteenth Amendment. (C) military occupation of the South. (D)
punishment of the Confederate leaders. (E) restrictions on the
power of the President. 96. Which of the following had the greatest
impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the
first quarter of the nineteenth century? (A) Demands of Southern
textile manufacturers for cotton (B) Introduction of corp rotation
and fertilizers (C) Use of more stringent techniques of slave
control (D) Invention of the cotton gin (E) The "Three-fifths"
Compromise 97. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 provided for: (A)
temporary Union military supervision of the ex-Confederacy. (B)
federal monetary support of the resettlement of American blacks in
Africa. (C) denial of black property-holding and voting rights. (D)
implementation of anti-black vagrancy laws in the South. (E)
lenient readmission of the ex-Confederate states to the Union. 98.
All of the following statements about pre-Civil War American
slavery are true EXCEPT: (A) Although experience varied from one
plantation to another, investments in slaves generally yielded
rates of return equal to or better than other forms of investments
of comparable risk in the pre-Civil War American economy. (B)
Although Southern legal codes did not uniformly provide for the
legalization and stability of slave marriage, slaves were generally
able to marry, and the institution of marriage was common on
Southern plantations. (C) Although slaves were mainly employed in
agriculture, by the 1850's they also were employed as construction
workers and industrial laborers. (D) Because of the relative ease
with which slaves could gain their freedom by manumission or by
purchase, the proportion of freedmen to slaves was almost equal in
many areas of the South. (E) Despite the geographical diffusion of
slavery throughout the South, at no time did the majority of white
families in the South own slaves.
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99. POPULAR VOTE FOR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS, GEORGIA, 1848 AND
1852 Democratic Electors Whig Electors Webster Electors 1848 44,809
47,538 -------- 1852 40,516 16,660 5,324 Using the table above, one
might conclude that the most plausible explanation for the Georgia
Democrats' victory in 1852 following their defeat in 1848 was that:
(A) many new voters increased the turnout in 1852, to the advantage
of the Democrats. (B) many voters abstained from voting in 1852, to
the disadvantage of the Whigs. (C) Webster, who had not run in
1848, drew sufficient votes from the Whigs to cost them the
election of 1852. (D) the Democrats, who had run a highly unpopular
candidate in 1848, ran a highly popular candidate in 1852. (E) the
Democrats cast fraudulent ballots to increase their share of the
votes in 1852. 100. "Manifest Destiny" was a slogan that referred
to the: (A) ultimate triumph of the "fittest" in the progress of
industrial capitalism. (B) eventual overthrow of slavery under
God's design. (C) right of United States vessels to trade without
interference anywhere in the world. (D) territorial expansion of
the United States in North America. (E) eventual domination of
slavery over the territories acquired from Mexico.
Unit V: "The Gilded Age (1865-1900)
101. Which of the following economic realities is MOST CLOSELY
associated with the development of the factory system?(A) Reduced
need for skilled workers.(B) Disruption of maritime commerce.(C)
Growth of slavery.(D) Low wages to workers.(E) Restrictions on the
development of industry.
102. An economic weakness of the pre-Civil War labor movement
was:(A) the resultant damage to New England's economy.(B) its
emphasis on agricultural rather than commercial interests.(C) the
damage it caused the economy due to land speculators.(D) its
emphasis on skilled workers.(E) the policy that the federal
government should not have direct taxing powers.
103. The insufficient conditions facing the wage earner in
sweatshops, debtor's prison, and contract labor spurred:
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(A) the spread of Calvinism to the middle colonies.(B) the
development of an independent culture.(C) the development of the
"underground railroad."(D) foreign missionary activity.(E) the push
for unionization.
104. An educator seeking to improve the quality of public
education was:(A) Harriet Beecher Stowe.(B) William Lloyd
Garrison.(C) Horace Mann.(D) Susan B. Anthony.(E) Frances
Wright.
105. A person would be attending a religious meeting in the
Midwest if he were:(A) convinced of views held by James Fenimore
Cooper.(B) believing in the empiracal method of John Locke.(C)
admiring the accomplishments of Benjamin Latrobe.(D) supporting the
views of Horace Greely.(E) listening to Peter Cartwright.
106. The worker movement of the 1840's was by nature a reform
movement in the sense that:(A) it was an argument between
industrialists and agrarians.(B) slavery remained an important
institution in American life.(C) it pressured those in power to
make changes in the factory system.(D) the lower levels of white
society were not enfranchised and involved.(E) it instigated Indian
resistance and populism.
107. Novels exploring human nature and ideas are the most
typical of literary expression found:(A) in popular fiction of the
1840's and 1850's.(B) in the 1820's and 1830's.(C) in early
colonial America.(D) in serious fiction of the 1840's and
1850's.(E) in America from 1775 to 1820.
108. Which amendment to the United States Constitution deals
with federal income tax?(A) The Sixteenth Amendment(B) The
Eighteenth Amendment(C) The Fifteenth Amendment(D) The Sixth
Amendment(E) The Nineteenth Amendment
109. The low wages of workers is most closely associated
with:(A) New England from 1808 to 1812.(B) the abundance of labor
in the North before 1860.
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(C) the effects of mercantilism.(D) the labor shortage.(E) the
development of the factory system.
101. The most typical form of literary expression influenced by
Emerson in the 1840's is:(A) literary critiques as part of the
creative process in art.(B) magazine articles expressing democratic
ideals.(C) rhetorical essays of a philosophic nature.(D) table-talk
essays filled with social wit and wisdom.(E) essays on the
aesthetics of art and poetry.
111. Which of the following trends is evident in the works of
Thomas Cole and the Hudson River School?(A) An idealization of the
American landscape.(B) A shift away from the rationalism of the
past toward more subjective emotional values.(C) A popular interest
in historical romances such as those of Sir Walter Scott.(D) A
renewed interest in classical forms (especially those of
Greece).(E) An imaginative use of America's past in creating
national pride.
112. One may conclude that poetic conventions were being
challenged by the 1850's from:(A) sales data of music publishers
from 1820 to 1860.(B) sales data of American publishers from 1820
to 1860.(C) attending a dedication ceremony of a public monument in
the 1850's.(D) attending symphonic concerts in the 1850's.(E) an
analysis of "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking."
113. Which of the following encouraged free public libraries and
museums?(A) Industrial growth and expansion from 1820 to 1840.(B)
Support of the lyceum movement from 1820 to 1840.(C) Belief in the
progress of technology from 1830 to 1860.(D) Support of popular
democratization of knowledge.(E) Support of the Sunday School
movement from 1800 to 1860.
114. The American Transcendentalists may best by characterized
as which of the following?(A) A group of Northern intellectuals who
shared a belief in the value of human intuition, the presence of
divinity in nature, and an emotional comprehension of God.(B) A
religious sect that believed in the concept of sin and the
necessity for forgiveness from God and from fellow worshippers.(C)
A number of loosely organized communitarians who engaged in sexual
experiences outside the confines of marriage.(D) A sect of former
Unitarian ministers who expected Christ to descend to earth within
their lifetimes.(E) A persecuted band who had to flee to the West
because of the unpopular ideas about polygamy and other
unconventional practices.
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115. Of the following, which was the most important cause of
agrarian discontent in the United States in the last quarter of the
nineteenth century?(A) The end of free homesteads.(B) The end of
Republican party efforts to woo the farm vote.(C) The exhaustion of
the soil by poor farming methods.(D) The feeling that the railroads
were exploiting the farmers.(E) The increase in the number of
immigrants.
116. The horizontal integration of American industry (i.e., one
firm acquiring control of other firms that produce the same
product) that occurred at the end of the nineteenth century was
primarily a response to:(A) economic competition.(B) high
tariffs.(C) powerful labor unions.(D) federal monetary policy.(E)
federal regulation of business.
117. Which of the following would have been MOST LIKELY to
support the presidential campaign of William Jennings Bryan in
1896?(A) A Kansas farmer(B) A Chicago industrial merchant(C) A
Philadelphia merchant(D) A university professor of economics(E) A
New York Republican party member
118. Which of the following statements is true about immigration
to the United States during the last two decades of the nineteenth
century?(A) United States immigrantion laws sharply reduced the
number of eligible immigrants.(B) Irish immigrants came in larger
numbers than earlier in the century.(C) Nativist agitation brought
about a decline in immigration.(D) The United States government
entered into a "gentleman's agreement" to ban immigration from
certain countries.(E) Southern and Eastern Europeans came in larger
numbers than earlier in the century.
119. "In 1800 schoolchildren (ages 5-19) spent an average of
only fourteen days in school each year. By 1850 this figure had
nearly doubled, going to twenty-six days, and by 1860 it had risen
to forty days per year, almost triple the figure for 1800. By 1860
the literacy rate at age twenty had attained modern levels,
exceeding ninety percent among whites."
This passage describes results brought about chiefly through:(A)
state and local efforts in behalf of public schools.(B) the work of
private philanthropists.(C) the extension of federally supported
school systems.
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(D) the increasing ability of families to afford tutors.(E) the
establishment of church-supported schools.
120. In which year would the population of an Atlantic seacoast
city most likely have appeared as follows?
CATEGORIES (selected groups of total population) NUMBERBorn in
United States of parents born in the United States (White) 70,352
Born in Ireland (White) 25,282Born in United States of parents born
in Ireland (White) 2,017Born in Russia (White) 10Born in United
States of parents born in Russia (White) 2Non-White born in United
States 2,317
(A) 1790(B) 1820(C) 1850(D) 1890(E) 1930
121. All of the following were considered legitimate functions
of the federal government in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT:(A)
promoting industrial growth by means of a protective tariff.(B)
granting subsidies to encourage the construction of railroads.(C)
regulating immigration.(D) assuring the welfare of the poor and
unemployed.(E) regulating the nation's currency.
122. The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolves" issued by the
Seneca Falls Convention demanded:(A) greater rights for women.(B)
the immediate termination of slavery.(C) enlightened treatment of
the insane.(D) a new role for women in the antislavery movement.(E)
improvement in prison conditions.
123. In the pre-Civil War era, the railroad's most important
impact on the economy was the:(A) creation of a huge new market for
railway equipment.(B) creation of the basis for greater cooperation
between Southern planters and Northern textile manufacturers.(C)
generation of new employment opportunities for unskilled urban
workers.(D) participation of the federal government in the
financing of a nationwide transportation network.(E) accessibility
to Eastern urban markets provided to Midwestern farmers.
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124. The hostility of the Know-Nothing Party was directed
primarily against:(A) the growth of cities and industrial
manufacturing.(B) Irish and German Catholic immigrants.(C) Free
Masons and members of other fraternal orders.(D) abolitionists.(E)
slaveholders.
125. Which of the following would MOST LIKELY have said, " ...
children should be children as long as they can"?(A) A New England
Puritan(B) A Southern slaveholder(C) A mid-nineteenth century
educational reformer(D) An Irish immigrant in the Lowell mills.(E)
A parent of a pioneer family in the West.
Unit VI: The Age of Innocence: 1898-1914" 126. The presence of
American merchants and ships in foreign ports aided:(A) the spread
of Calvinism to the middle colonies.(B) the development of the
"underground railroad."(C) the development of an independent
culture.(D) the push for unionism.(E) foreign missionary
activity.
127. The public's response to Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle
helped bring about:(A) antitrust legislation.(B) the Meat
Inspection Act of 1906.(C) the Mann Act.(D) a strengthening of the
power of urban political machines.(E) the Panic of 1907.
128. " ... the policy of the government of the United States is
to seek a solution which may bring about permanent safety and peace
to China, preserve Chinese territorial and administrative entity,
protect all rights guaranteed to friendly powers by treaty and
international law, and safeguard for the world the principle of
equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese
empire."
This quotation is part of:(A) Burlingame Treaty(B) Open Door
Policy(C) Boxer Protocol(D) Kellogg-Briand Pact(E) Stimson
Doctrine
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129. Which of the following has NOT been offered by historians
as an explanation for the United States entry into the war with
Spain in 1898?(A) President McKinley was too weak to withstand the
multitude of pressures forcing him toward a decision for war.(B)
Yellow journals created an irresistible war fever by publicizing
atrocities allegedly being committed by the Spanish in Cuba.(C)
American businessmen wanted to protect their investments in Cuba
and assure a Cuban market for their products.(D) By the late 1890's
the United States had assumed a world role that made it seem
necessary to dominate the Caribbean.(E) Spain was blatantly
interfering with United States maritime rights as a nonbelligerent
power.
130. The ideas and ideals of Progressive reformers were NOT
represented in which of the following?(A) The Keating-Owen Child
Labor Act(B) The Fourteen Points ___ Also Unit IX___(C) The
Volstead Act(D) The National Origins Act(E) The Taft-Hartley
Act
AMERICAN FOREIGN TRADE, 1900-1920 (in millions of dollars)Export
Import1900 $1,499 $ 9301905 1,660 1,1991910 1,919 1,6461915 2,966
1,8751920 8,664 5,784
131. The table above shows which of the following for the period
between 1900 and 1920?(A) The United States was losing its
industrial predominacne in the world economy.(B) The United States
had a favorable trade balance.(C) There was an excess of foreign
investments in the United States.(D) Farmers opposed the expansion
of markets abroad.(E) American merchants were becoming complacent
in their competition with foreign merchants.
132. The United States policy toward China at the turn of the
century was expressed in the:(A) Open Door Policy.(B) Gentlemen's
Agreement.(C) Good Neighbor Policy.(D) Lend-Lease Act.(E) Marshall
Plan.
133. Which of the following novels had the greatest significance
in arousing public interest in the need for a major social
reform?
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(A) Huckleberry Finn(B) Gone with the Wind(C) The Scarlet
Letter(D) The Jungle(E) All the King's Men
134. One reason why Woodrow Wilson won the United States
presidential election in 1912 was that:(A) the Socialist Party
supported the Democrats.(B) an economic depression made the
Republicans unpopular.(C) the Republican Party divided its vote
between two candidates.(D) he promised to keep the nation out of
any foreign wars.(E) he received the political support of Theodore
Roosevelt.
135. In terms of relative voter support the most successful
third-party movement in twentieth century America was the:(A)
Progressive Party of 1912.(B) Socialist Party of 1920.(C) Union
Party of 1936.(D) Progressive Party of 1948.(E) American Party of
1968.
136. Which of the following reforms was LEAST frequently
advocated during the Progressive Era?(A) Direct election of United
States senators(B) Factory inspection laws(C) The use of the
initiative and the referendum(D) Prosecution of trusts(E) Laws
prohibiting racial discrimination
137. Which of the following has NOT been suggested by historians
as an explanation for the development of American imperialism in
the 1890's?(A) The search for markets and raw materials by
business.(B) Pressure for military action by a growing officer
corps in the army.(C) The example of European colonial powers in
Asia and Africa.(D) Support for the idea of the "White Man's
Burden."(E) Competition for newspaper readership by the "yellow
press."
138. As a result of the treaty ending the Spanish-American War,
the United States acquired:(A) Puerto Rico and Guam.(B) Panama and
Hawaii.(C) the Virgin Islands and Cuba.(D) Guam and Hawaii.
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139. Criticism of Booker T. Washington arose in the black
community in the early 20th century because:(A) his public efforts
at stopping segregation were a failure.(B) he stifled opposition
within the black community.(C) he lived in the South, but most
blacks lived in the urban ghettoes.(D) Roosevelt and Wilson refused
to invite him to the White House.
140. The "New Nationalism" of Theodore Roosevelt meant a:(A)
return to the "laissez-faire" principles of the late 19th
century.(B) program to end government regulation of industry and
commerce.(C) program to increase the regulatory powers of the state
governments.(D) strengthening of the regulatory powers of the
federal goverment.
141. Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy in the Western
Hemisphere is BEST characterized by his belief in:(A) American
intervention in the affairs of nations when political stability was
threatened.(B) the need to allow European nations to intervene in
Latin America.(C) American recognition of the independent sovereign
rights of each hemispheric nation.(D) repudiation of the Monroe
Doctrine.
142. Progressives believed that the ills of modern society could
be solved by all of the following methods EXCEPT:(A) eliminating
political corruption.(B) limiting the powers of government.(C)
applying the skills of technical experts to social problems.(D)
good planning and sound management.
143. Muckraking journalists were most successful at:(A)
formulating a new philosophy of social reform.(B) identifying the
symptoms of social disorder.(C) analyzing the causes of political
corruption.(D) prescribing solutions to social problems.
144. Of the following, the lowest priority in the progressives'
list of needed political reforms was:(A) the initiative,
referendum, and recall.(B) voting rights for blacks.(C) the primary
system of party nomination.(D) direct election of senators.
145. Which of the following is LEAST related to the other
three?(A) Robert La Follette(B) the "Wisconsin Idea"(C) City
manager government
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(D) Regulatory commissions
QUESTION #146 REFERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUOTATION:
"Will you affirm by your vote that you are an infidel to
American power and practical sense? Or will you say that ours is
the blood of government; ours the heart of dominion; ours the brain
and genius of administration? Will you remember that we do but what
our fathers did -- we but pitch the tents of liberty farther
westward, farther south-ward -- we only continue the march of the
flag."
146. Which individual would have been MOST LIKELY to have
uttered the above quotation?(A) Interventionist(B) Imperialist(C)
Isolationist(D) Anti-imperialist(E) Pragmatist
QUESTION #147 REFERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUOTATION:
"The opportunity to earn a dollar in a factory just now is worth
infinitely more than the opportunity to spend a dollar in an opera
house."
147. Which of the following would have been MOST LIKELY to have
made the statement above?(A) Theodore Roosevelt(B) W.E.B. Du
Bois(C) Booker T. Washington(D) Woodrow Wilson(E) Josiah Strong
148. The Underwood-Simmons Tariff, one of the first major pieces
of legislation passed in Wilson's administration, was significant
in that:(A) it was passed over the president's veto.(B) it caused a
major split in the Democratic party.(C) it substantially lowered
the tariff and enacted an income tax.(D) although touted as a
reform measure, through "log rolling", it actually raised the
rates.
149. Which of the following statements BEST describes President
Woodrow Wilson's Latin American policy?(A) Wilson's policy was no
different from that of President Roosevelt and President Taft.(B)
Wilson's policy was moral in nature based upon his increased
awareness of the rise of Latin American dictators.(C) Wilson's
policy cultivated friendship and confidence among Latin American
nations.(D) Wilson's policy was to use diplomacy for American
business interests and use money to
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advance foreign policy goals.
150. Theodore Roosevelt:(A) hated big business above all
things.(B) believed that big business was the major obstacle to
increased production and technological progress.(C) believed in
free, old-time, uncontrolled competition.(D) approved of big
business as long as it used its power fairly.
Unit VII: A Time of Transition: 1914-1932" 151. Which of the
following accurately describes the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920's?(A)
Its activities were limited to the South.(B) It favored immigration
restriction as well as white supremacy.(C) It repudiated
fundamentalist Protestantism.(D) Many of its members were elected
to Congress.(E) It appeared for the first time during this decade.
152. The principle foreign policy issue confronting the Wilson
administration between the outbreak of the First World War in 1914
and United States involvement in the conflict in 1917 was:(A)
future of United States overseas possessions.(B) territorial and
political integrity of Poland.(C) freedom of the seas.(D) question
of a Pan-American collective security organization.(E) issue of war
debt repayment by the Allies. 153. Which of the following did NOT
contribute to American prosperity during the "Coolidge" years?(A)
America's new position as a world creditor.(B) The prosperity of
older industries such as textiles and shipping.(C) The pro-business
attitude of the federal government.(D) Federal help in the form of
low Federal Reserve interest rates and a very high tariff.(E) New
technology which created new consumer goods.154. An important
factor contributing to the Great Depression in the United States in
the 1930's was the:(A) large military expenditure in the 1920's.(B)
decline in farm prosperity during the 1920's.(C) rapid depletion of
the nation's mineral resources.(D) increased importation of foreign
goods.(E) increase in population due to immigration. 155. All of
the following were factors in the failure of the United States to
join the League of Nations after the First World War EXCEPT:
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(A) fear of further involvement in foreign wars.(B) personal and
political rivalries between President Woodrow Wilson and Senator
Henry Cabot Lodge.(C) President Wilson's illness.(D) a group of
United States senators who opposed American participation on any
terms.(E) the influence of the Soviet Union within the League. 156.
Which of the following celebrated trials BEST illustrates the
cultural conflict in the 1920's between fundamentalism and
modernism?(A) The Scottsboro Trial(B) The Leopold-Loeb Trial(C) The
John T. Scopes Trial(D) The Albert B. Fall Trial(E) The
Sacco-Vanzetti Trial 157. Which of the following is TRUE about the
concept of isolationism?(A) It emphasized the avoidance of binding
political commitments to other nations.(B) It usually stressed the
avoidance of commercial as well as political ties to other
nations.(C) It had almost no influence on United States foreign
policy after 1900.(D) It was generally applied to Europe and Latin
America but not to Asia.(E) It became obsolete with the formulation
of the Monroe Doctrine. 158. Which of the following accurately
describe(s) the Harlem Renaissance?I. It flourished during the
1920's.II. It was centered among blacks in the South.III. It
consisted of a period of dramatic black intellectual and artistic
creativity.IV. It brought about significant gains in civil rights.
(A) I only(B) I and III only(C) II and IV only(D) I, II, and IV
only(E) I, III, and IV only 159. All of the following help to
explain the presence of large numbers of expatriate American
intellectuals in Europe during the 1920''s EXCEPT:(A) repressive
effects of Prohibition and the resurgence of conservatism in the
United States.(B) attraction of European cities, especially Paris,
as centers of innovation and creativity.(C) tradition among
American writers of taking up temporary residence in Europe.(D)
claims of young American writers and critics that American culture
was materialistic and hostile to the development of their art.(E)
European tradition of wealthy patrons supporting struggling
American artists and writers. 160. Which of the following is true
about the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928?
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(A) It created an alliance between the United States and
France.(B) It was a bilateral pact for naval disarmament.(C) It was
rejected by the Senate.(D) It was a multilateral pact condemning
recourse to war.(E) It contained provisions ("teeth") for
enforcement of peace. 161. Which of the following is correct about
the Washington Naval Conference of 1921-1922?(A) It was convened to
equalize naval strength among the five major powers.(B) It imposed
specific limitations on the number of battleships allowed to the
signatory nations.(C) It outlawed the use of submarines in
warfare.(D) It confirmed the isolationist nature of United States
foreign policy during the 1920's.(E) It underscored the Harding
administration's indifference to Japanese expansion in the Far
East. 162. Which of the following was the most important factor in
the American decision to enter the First World War?(A) The
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.(B) German submarine operations in
the Atlantic Ocean.(C) Formation of a German-Japanese alliance
directed against the United States.(D) The outbreak of a revolution
in Mexico.(E) The German conquest of France. 163. John T. Scopes
was:(A) an anarchist accused of inciting the 1886 Haymarket bombing
in Chicago.(B) the assassin of President James A. Garfield.(C) a
teacher tried for discussing evolution in a Tennessee public
school.(D) a character in a novel by William Faulkner.(E) an
immigrant anarchist tried and executed on a murder and robbery
charge in Massachusetts in the 1920's. 164. The only amendment to
the United States Constitution that has been repealed dealt
with:(A) the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.(B) prayer
in public schools.(C) the voting rights of blacks.(D) draft
exemption of conscientious objectors.(E) the federal income tax.
165. The work of the "lost generation" of American writers in the
1920's was marked by:(A) a rejection of prevailing middle-class
values.(B) extreme prudishness and morality.(C) a glorification of
God and country.(D) an obvious desire to keep things as they
were.(E) an attempt to recreate the values of the pre-World War
era.
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166. Which of the following was true of the Socialist Party of
America during the period 1900-1918?(A) It advocated reforms which
in many instances were subsequently espoused by the two major
parties.(B) It gave women and blacks positions of primary
responsibility in the national party leadership.(C) It induced the
American Federation of Labor to pursue a policy of industrial
unionism.(D) It supported unanimously the entry of the United
States into the First World War.(E) It led the fight for the
adoption of the prohibition amendment in such cities as Milwaukee
and St. Louis. 167. Most of the immigrants who came to the United
States between 1880 and 1920 were from:(A) Northern and Western
Europe.(B) China and Japan(C) Ireland.(D) Latin America(E) Southern
and Eastern Europe 168. Which of the following was NOT a factor in
the declining public significance of the organized feminist
movement in the 1920's?(A) The successful conclusion of the
campaign for women's suffrage.(B) The consequences of changing
manners and morality.(C) Dissension among women's groups concerning
goals.(D) Declining prominence of the progressive reform
movement.(E) Passage of legislation requiring that women receive
equal pay for equal work. 169. Which of the following was a
significant development in the United States during the 1920's?(A)
The reduction of tariff barriers.(B) The rapid growth of unions.(C)
The widespread purchase of common stock.(D) Abandonment of the gold
standard.(E) Federal legislation governing wages and hours. 170.
Prior to ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United
States Constitution, women could vote in:(A) states that had
granted them the right to do so.(B) no state.(C) all states.(D)
national elections only.(E) state and local elections only. 171.
The "clear and present danger" doctrine, adopted unanimously by the
United States Supreme Court in 1919, declared that:(A) the
formation of the American Communist Party was illegal because it
constituted a "clear
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and present danger" to the security of the United States.(B) the
federal government may restrict the expression of ideas that tend
to place the nation's security in imminent danger.(C) the war
danger having passed, governmental restrictions on freedom of
speech and press were unconstitutional.(D) governmental
restrictions on freedom of speech and press comprised a "clear and
present danger" to the liberties guaranteed by the First
Amendment.(E) constitutional guarantees of "due process of law"
could legally be suspended in wartime. 172. Garveyism was
identified with all of the following EXCEPT:(A) Pan-Africanism.(B)
Black nationalism.(C) racial integration.(D) Black economic
development.(E) Black pride. 173. Which of the following accounts
for the fact that in the United States in the 1920's real income
per person increased despite the growth in population and the
decline in hours worked?(A) Lowering of tariff barriers(B) The
development of the corporate holding company(C) The growth of
viable trade unions(D) The development of a sound banking system(E)
Rapid technological advances 174. The isolationist tradition in
United States foreign policy can best be characterized as:(A) total
avoidance of involvement with other nations.(B) avoidance of
economic and political but not cultural involvement.(C) avoidance
of cultural and economic but not political involvement.(D)
rhetorical avoidance of involvement with other nations but covert
political, economic, and cultural dealings.(E) avoidance of
political but not cultural or economic involvement. 175. In the
1920's, the number of Mexicans and Puerto Ricans migrating to the
continental United States increased. One reason for this was
that:(A) their transportation from home was subsidized by the
United States government.(B) they were accepted into unions whose
members worked in sectors of the economy experiencing labor
shortages.(C) White Protestant Americans dropped their prejudices
against people from Hispanic cultures.(D) they wished to escape
recurrent epidemics that were decimating their home populations.(E)
neither group was affected by the restrictive immigration acts of
1921 and 1924.
Unit VIII: The Age of FDR: 1933-1945" 176. All of the following
occurred during the Second World War EXCEPT:
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(A) a dramatic increase of married women entering the paid work
force.(B) the forced relocation of Japanese-Americans from the West
Coast to camps in the interior.(C) the prohibition of interstate
travel without government permission.(D) the federal rationing of
gasoline and sugar.(E) an increase in Black immigration to urban
areas. 177. Franklin D. Roosevelt's farm policy was primarily
designed to:(A) reduce farm prices to make food cheaper for the
consumer.(B) increase production by opening new lands to
farmers.(C) reduce production in order to boost farm prices.(D) use
price and wage controls to stabilize farm prices.(E) end federal
controls over agriculture. 178. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
occurred after:(A) diplomatic negotiations with the United States
reached a stalemate.(B) the United States declared war on Japan.(C)
Japan invaded the Philippines.(D) Japanese-Americans were
forcefully evacuated from the West Coast.(E) Germany declared war
on the United States. 179. The main purpose of the Wagner Labor
Relations Act of 1935 was to:(A) end the sit-down strike in Flint,
Michigan.(B) settle the struggle between the AFL and the CIO.(C)
ensure workers' right to organize and bargain collectively.(D)
guarantee workers a minimum wage.(E) exempt organized labor from
the Sherman Antitrust Act. 180. The principal reason for the
economic boom in the United States after the Second World War
was:(A) full employment, because the United States kept ten million
men in the armed services as a precautionary measure.(B) the
continual production of war materials on a round-the-clock
basis.(C) a shortage of consumer goods combined with a reserve of
purchasing power in the form of accumulated savings.(D) the
continuance of the federal government's operation of some of the
basic industries, such as railroads.(E) strong action by the
federal government in behalf of organized labor. 181. The Good
Neighbor Policy promised all of the following EXCEPT:(A) an end to
Latin America as a sphere of influence of the United States.(B)
restraint in the use of American military forces.(C) more caution
in defending exploitative practices.(D) increased consultations
with Latin America.
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182. During the New Deal, President Franklin D. Roosevelt
recommended legislation to achieve all of the following EXCEPT:(A)
nationalization of the banks.(B) legal protection for workers who
sought collective bargaining.(C) government payments to farmers who
plowed up their crops.(D) the development of public
power-generating facilities.(E) government-business cooperation in
formulating "codes" of fair competition. 183. The Federal Emergency
Relief Act, authorizing aid to states for relief, established the
governmental precedent of:(A) grants rather than loans for
relief.(B) aid for basic living necessities rather than aid to
strengthen business institutions.(C) Both A and B(D) Neither A nor
B
184. During the Manchurian crisis of 1931-1932, the Hoover
administration did which of the following?(A) Levied an embargo on
Japanese goods.(B) Banned the sale of arms to either side.(C)
Ordered the United States ground forces to Mukden.(D) Withdrew
diplomatic representation from Tokyo.(E) Refused to recognize
Japan's new conquests. 185. The legislation of the first New Deal
set a NOTABLE precedent by its:(A) acceptance of deficit spending
and government intervention toassure public well-being.(B) effort
to combine private and government forms of relief.(C) commitment to
"pump priming" as a way to induce economic growth.(D) abandonment
of any "laissez-faire" approach to government. 186. Those who
attacked Roosevelt for using too much federal power in New Deal
measures feared:(A) the rise of totalitarian government.(B) the
destruction of the free enterprise system.(C) the loss of local and
state government's power.(D) All of the above QUESTION #187 REFERS
TO THE FOLLOWING QUOTATION: "With millions of men and women still
unemployed and the whole industrialized world critically dependent
upon the scope and vigor of the American economic recovery, veto of
the tax cut would be poor public policy, which political
headline-hunting could not justify." 187. The above quotation
suggests all but which of the following?
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(A) The United States continues to be in a depression.(B) A
presidential veto would be harmful to the nation.(C) Other nations
are heavily affected by the U.S. economy.(D) The president in
determining policy should be guided solely by political impact of
the policy.(E) The unemployment rate is high in the nation. 188.
The Great Depression of the 1930's contributed LEAST to which of
the following?(A) Emergence of the Democratic party as the majority
party.(B) Establishment of federal aid and support programs for
agriculture.(C) Desegregation of federal facilities.(D)
Unionization of mass production industries.(E) Establishment of a
social security system. 189. The Works Progress Administration
(WPA), established during the administration of Franklin D.
Roosevelt, was the federal agency empowered to:(A) protect
employees from unfair labor practices.(B) provide financial aid to
western farmers suffering from low grain prices.(C) provide aid to
dependent children.(D) investigate charges of discrimination
against women in job hiring practices.(E) provide jobs for the
unemployed. 190. Those who favored more government participation in
resolving depression ills believed:(A) business institutions were
not expanding their funds to increase production.(B) the free
enterprise system was no longer capable of generating economic
growth.(C) the wealth of the nation was not equitably
distributed.(D) only the government had access to large funds
needed for relief. 191. The court-packing plan threatened which
principle set forth by the Constitution?(A) The independence of the
judicial branch of government.(B) The size deemed most effective
for efficient operation of the Court.(C) Life appointments of
Supreme Court Justices.(D) Balanced political representation on the
Court. 192. The handling of the depression problems by the
Roosevelt admini-stration revealed:(A) the irrelevance of "rugged
individualism" during an intense depression.(B) the social basis,
as well as economic, for levying taxes to collect revenue.(C) Both
A and B(D) Neither A nor B 193. The Neutrality Acts of the 1930's
permitted:(A) the shipment of arms and munitions to
belligerents.(B) the President to institute an embargo if a state
of war exists between nations.(C) American vessels to carry
nonmilitary goods to belligerents on a "cash and carry" basis.
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(D) None of the above 194. Which of the following have
historians perceived as ending American neutrality and committing
the United States to an Allied victory?(A) The collapse of
France(B) The passage of the Lend-Lease Act(C) The ABCD
Encirclement(D) The invasion of Manchuria(E) The Neutrality Act of
1939 195. Prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor, President
Roosevelt's policies were primarily criticized by isolationists on
the grounds that they:(A) were giving too much attention to
strengthening American defenses.(B) oscillated between cooperation
with the Allies and adherence to strict neutrality.(C) were
misleading the American people and maneuvering the nation into
war.(D) were failing to educate the American people as to their
responsi-bilities in halting aggression. 196. President Roosevelt's
policies between 1939 and 1941:(A) stand in sharp contrast to
Wilson's preceding the nation's entry into World War I.(B) were
supported by a very powerful majority of the American people.(C)
were clearly designed to lead to this nation's intervention
intoWorld War II.(D) All of the above. 197. The "Hundred Days"
refers to:(A) the period immediately after Roosevelt's election in
1932 and his inauguration.(B) the period immediately after
Roosevelt's first inauguration.(C) the feverish last days of the
presidential campaign of 1932.(D) None of the above 198. The New
Deal coalition included significant support from all of the
following EXCEPT:(A) organized labor.(B) the urban masses.(C)
wealthy businessmen(D) blacks in northern cities.(E) midwestern
farmers. 199. A major objective of the federal government during
World War II was:(A) to allow wage increases only within certain
limits.(B) to avoid strikes in war-related industries.(C) to
prevent businesses from overcharging the public for goods in short
supply.(D) All of the above
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200. Probably the MOST important factor in Roosevelt's decision
to seek an unprecedented third term was:(A) the worsening
depression.(B) the threats to democratic security imposed by the
actions of an aggressive Germany.(C) his strong dislike for Wendell
Wilkie.(D) his desire to balance the budget before leaving the
Presidency.
++++++++++++++++++++++++
Key 1. E 2. B 3. B 4. E 5. A 6. E 7. E 8. E 9. D 10. E 11. C 12.
B 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. E 22. D 23. C
24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. E
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32. C 33. E 34. B 35. C 36. E 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. B 41. B 42.
C 43. D 44. C 45. E 46. B 47. B 48. E 49. E 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. C
54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. B 60. A 61. D 62. C 63. B 64. D
65. E 66. B 67. C 68. E 69. E 70. E 71. D 72. D 73. E 74. D 75.
B
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76. E 77. E 78. E 79. E 80. E 81. A 82. E 83. C 84. B 85. A 86.
E 87. A 88. A 89. D 90. E 91. A 92. A 93. E 94. E 95. A 96. D 97. A
98. D 99. B100. D 101. A102. E103. D104. A105. E106. C107. D108.
C109. E110. E111. E112. C113. A114. A115. A116. A117. A118. E119.
B
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120. C121. D122. B123. D124. D125. B 126. E127. B128. B129.
E130. E131. B132. A133. D134. C135. E136. E137. B138. A139. B140.
D141. A142. B143. B144. B145. C146. B147. C148. C149. B150. D 151.
B152. C153. B154. B155. E156. C157. A158. B159. E160. D161. B162.
B163. C
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164. A165. A166. A167. E168. E169. C170. A171. B172. C173. E174.
E175. E176. C177. C178. A179. C180. C181. A182. A183. C184. E185.
A186. D187. D188. C189. E190. C191. A192. C193. B194. B195. C196.
A197. B198. C199. D200. B