2 Lesson 1

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Spanish in the City

Nivel 2

Principiante

Leccin 1

Carreras,

Pasatiempos& Verbos Irregulares

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Objectives

Objective:To lose the fear that we may have to irregular verbs in the present simple.

Review: Level 1 to make sure all the students are on the same page.New:

Irregular Verbs in the Present Simple

VocabularyHobbies & Careers

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Review of Level 1 - Basics

First we are going to review of all the things we should have learned in Level 1 - Basics.Bring all of your Level 1 - Basics materials to the lesson. (If you have them)

If you have taken Level 1 with us, please try to write, if only, a paragraph of each written assignmentthat you have not done, to address all the little things that you may be missing. Level 1 was thefoundation of your Spanish learning. If you are on shaky ground, learning new concepts may befrustrating. If you have done all of the written assignments, great please review them and make surethey make sense to you.

You should be able to speak & write the following:

Conjugate and use Tener, Ser and Estar appropriately Talk about family members Describe someone's character Describe someone's physique

Use articles appropriately Talk about what you like, what you don't like Talk about what you want, don't want, and love Conjugate regular verbs in the Present Simple Know a little bit about how to use prepositions (prepositions will be a focus in Level 2)

Vocabulary is personal.

You should know relevant words of the following themes:

Family Personalities Cardinal Numbers Colors Anatomy

Adjectives (general) Clothing Shopping Interrogative Pronouns Relative Pronouns

The first lesson will be a comprehensive review, to make sure everyone is on the same page, and toanswer any and all questions, to reiterate grammatical points and reinforce good habits. For addedmaterial, we will be using irregular verbs in the present simple (aka present indicative).

Additional Material

In addition, we will be expanding our verb vocabulary to include the irregular verbs in the PresentSimple.

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Irregular Verbs

Part 1

In the first part of this lesson we will look at common formation patterns that exist with some

irregular verbs in the present simple tense.

Radical-changing verbsThis is the term often given to irregular verbs that have specific stem changes when a certain letter ispresent in the stem and which is stressed when pronounced. There are three types.

1 Some verbs that have an o in the stem change to ue

2 Some verbs that have an e in the stem change to ie

3 Some verbs that have an e in the stem change to i

Look at the following examples. Notice that thenosotr@sandvosotr@sforms of the verbs do nothave stem changes.Where o changes to ue

Costar Poder Dormir (to Cost) (to Be Able) (to Sleep)Yo Cuesto Puedo DuermoT Cuestas Puedes Duermesl, Ella, Ud. Cuesta Puede DuermeNosotr@s Costamos Podemos DormimosVosotr@s Costis Podis DormsEll@s, Uds. Cuestan Pueden Duermen

O UE Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present Simple

Almorzar to eat lunch Mostrar to showAprobar to approve Mover to move (an object)

Colgar to hang Probar to prove, test, sample, taste

Contar to count, to tell Recordar to remember

Costar to cost Resolver to solve

Devolver to return (an object) Rogar to beg, pray

Dormir to sleep Sonar to sound, ring

Encontrar to find Soar (con) to dream (about)

Envolver to wrap ostar to toast

Morder to bite Volar to fly

Morir to die Volver to return (from someplace)

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Where e changes to ie

Calentar Perder Preferir(to heat) (to lose) (to prefer)

Yo Caliento Pierdo Pref ieroT Calientas Pierdes Pref ieres

l, Ella, Ud. Calienta Pierde Pref iere

Nosotr@s Calentamos Perdemos PreferimosVosotr@s Calentis Perdis Prefers

Ell@s, Uds. Calientan Pierden Pref ieren

E IE Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present SimpleAcertar to guess, get right Mentir to lieEncender to light, kindle Consentir to consent

Advertir to advise, warn Negar to deny

Entender to understand Convertir to convert

Cerrar to close, shut Pensar (en) to think about

Fregar to scrub, wash dishes Defender to defend

Comenzar to begin Perder to lose

Hervir to boil Empezar to begin

Confesar to confess Preferir to prefer

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Where e changes to i

Pedir Seguir (to order ex: food) (to follow / continue)Yo Pido SigoT Pides Sigues

l, Ella, Ud. Pide Sigue

Nosotr@s Pedimos SeguimosVosotr@s Peds Segus

Ell@s, Uds. Piden Siguen

E I Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present Simple

Bendecir(*) to bless Decir(*) to say, tellImpedir to impede Rer to laugh

Colegir to deduce Despedir to dismiss, fire

Maldecir(*) to curse Repetir to repeatCompetir to compete Elegir to elect

Medir to measure Seguir to follow, continue

Conseguir to get, obtain Frer to fry

Pedir to ask for, to order Servir to serve

Corregir to correct Gemir to groan, moan

Perseguir to pursue, to persecute Sonrer to smile

Note: The verb "decir" and its derivitive forms are irregular in the first person (yo digo)

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Part 2The second part of this lesson looks at irregular verbs in the present simple tense where the stemchange only occurs in the 1st person singular(yo)Two common examples of this type of irregularity occur with the verbshacer, (to do/to make) andsalir(to leave).Hacer - here a consonant c is substituted for another consonant g

Hac r(to do / ake)

Yo HagoT Haces

l, Ella, Ud. Hace

Nosotr@s Hacemos

Vosotr@s Hacis

Ell@s, Uds. Hacen

[Yo]nohagomucho. I dont do much.

Salir- here an additional consonant is inserted g

S lir (to l ave )

Yo SalgoT Sales

l, Ella, Ud. Sale

Nosotr@s Salimos

Vosotr@s Sals

Ell@s, Uds. Salen

[Yo]nosalgomucho. I dont go out much.First Person Irregularities in Verbs in Present SimpleCaer to fall yo caigo

raer to bring yo traigoCaber to fit yo quepoHacer to do, make yo hagoPoner to put, place yo pongoSaber to know something yo sSalir to leave yo salgoValer to be worth yo valgoVer to see yo veo

Only in the firstperson singularsstem changes

Only in the firstperson singularsstem changes

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Conducir here the end of the stem changes from 'c' to 'zc'.

Cond cir (to dri e )

Yo ConduzcoT Conduces

l, Ella, Ud. ConduceNosotr@s Conducimos

Vosotr@s Conducs

Ell@s, Uds. Conducen

1st Person C ZC Stem Changing Irreg. Verbs in Pres. Simple

Conducir to drive Pertenecer [a] to belong [to]

Deducir to deduce Placer to pleaseDeslucir to tarnish Reconocer to recognize

Inducir to induce Conocer to know, to meet

Introducir to introduce Agradecer to thank

Lucir to sport Aparecer to appear

Producir to produce Carecer to lack

Reducir to reduce Compadecer to sympathize with

Reproducir to reproduce Crecer to grow

raducir to translate Desaparecer to disappear

Obedecer to obey Establecer to establish

Ofrecer to offer Merecer to deserveParecer to look like Nacer to be born

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Part 3The third part of this lesson looks at irregular verbs in the present simple tense that incorporate theirregularities described in both parts one and two of this lesson.Here both a consonant change occurs in the first person singular(yo) and vowel changes occur inthe second person singular (t), the third person singular (l/ella/usted) and the third person plural(ellos/ellas/ustedes). Two common verbs where these irregularities take place aretener, (to have)andvenir, (to come).`Tener (to have)

Tener (to have)

Yo Tengo

T Tienesl, Ella, Ud. Tiene

Nosotr@s Tenemos

Vosotr@s Tenis

Ell@s, Uds. Tienen

Cuntos aostiene[usted]? Howoldareyou?

[Yo]tengoochenta y cinco aos. ImeightyfiveyearsoldVenir (to come)

Venir(to come)

Yo VengoT Vienes

l, Ella, Ud. VieneNosotr@s Venimos

Vosotr@s Vens

Ell@s, Uds. Vienen

[T]vienesaqumucho? Do you come here much?

Si. [Yo]vengodos veces cada semana. Yes,I cometwiceaweek.

(additionalconsonant g )(vowel replacement e to ie(vowelreplacement etoie )

(vowelreplacement etoie )

(additionalconsonant g )(vowel replacement e to ie

(vowelreplacement etoie )

(vowelreplacement etoie )

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Part 4In this part of the lesson we will look at the verb ir (to go). This verb is a good example of a verb inthe present simple tense which is highly irregular. The combination of stems and endings of this verbare unique.

Ir(to go)Ir

(to go)

Yo VoyT Vasl, Ella, Ud. VaNosotr@s VamosVosotr@s VisEll@s, Uds. Van

[T]vasa la piscina mucho? Doyougoswimmingmuch?

No. [Yo]voysolo una vez cada mes! No.I go only once every month!The present simple formation of the verbir+ a is also used when talking about the future.

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Professionsaccountantcontableactoractoractressactrizair hostessazafataarchitectarquitecto / aastronautastronautabakerpanadero / abank clerkbancario /abeekeeper

apicultor / abarber, hairdresserpeluquero / abooksellerlibrero / abricklayeralbailbus driverconductor / a de autobsbutchercarnicero / achemistqumico / aconsultantasesor / acookcocinero / acustoms officeroficial de aduanasdentistdentista

doctormdico / adriverconductor / asanitation workerbasurero / a

electricianelectricistaemployeeempleado / aengineeringeniero / afarmer

agricultor / afiremanbomberofishermanpescador / agardener

jardinero / ainspectorinspector / a

jewelerjoyero / a

journalistperiodista

judgejuez / alawyerabogado / alibrarianbibliotecario / alifeguardsocorristatruck driver

camionero / amechanicmecnico / amodelmodelomailmancartero / anannynieranurseenfermero / a

office workeroficinistapainterpintor / aphotographerfotgrafo / a

pilotpiloto / aplumberfontanero / apolicemanpolicapolitician

polticopsychiatristpsiquiatrapsychologistpsiclogo / areceptionistrecepcionistareporterreportero / asailormarinero / a

salesmanvendedorscientistcientfico / aseamstresscosturerasecretarysecretario / asecurity guardguardia deseguridad

shepherdpastorshoemakerzapatero / asingercantantemilitarymilisoldiersoldado / astockbroker

agente de bolsastudentestudiantesurgeoncirujano / a

tailorsastretaxi drivertaxistateacherprofesor / a,maestro / a

techniciantcnico / atranslatortraductor / avet, veterinarianveterinario / awaitercamarero / awaitresscamarero / awatchmaker

relojero / awriterescritor / a

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Study SubjectsAre you a student? What areyou studying? If it's not on thislist, do some research andcome to class prepared withall the vocabulary you need tospeak about it in full.

Estudio contabilidad.I study accounting.

accountingcontabilidadactingactuacinagricultural engineeringIngeniera Agronomaarchitecture

arquitecturaaviationaviacinbusinessempresarialeschemistryqumicacookingcocinaengineeringingeniera

estheticsestticafinancefinanzasgardening

jardinerajournalismperiodismolawderechomechanic

mecnicamedicinemedicinanursingenfermerapaintingpinturaphotographyfotografa

plumbingfontanerapoliticspolticapsychiatrypsyquiatrapsychology

psycologasciencecienciasurgerycirugateachingmaestra

HobbiesLike in English, expressing theaction of a hobby is not always

the same.Some times one plays tennis,cooks, goes bowling, or doescarpentry. The same applies inSpanish. Take a look of how youwould express your hobbies.

billiardsbillar n.

Jugaralbillarbowling

juego de bolos n.jugara losbolosbrainteasers, riddlesadivinanzas, acertijos n.haceradivinanzascampingacampadairdecampingcanoeingpiragismo n.hacerpiragismo

cardgamesjuegos de cartas n.jugaralascartascarpentrycarpintera n.hacercarpinteracheckers

juego de damas n.jugaralasdamaschessajedrez n.

jugaralajedrez

computinginformticahacerinformaticacookingcocinacocinarcrosswordpuzzle

crucigramahacercrucigramascyclingciclismohacerciclismoirenbicicletadancingbaile n.bailardarts

juego de dardos n.

jugaralosdardosdicedados n.

jugar a los dadosdominoesdomin n.

jugar al domindrawingdibujo n.dibujar / hacer dibujosembroiderybordado n.bordarengravinggrabado n.

grabarfishingpesca n.irdepescagamblingapuestas n.apostar /

hacer apuestasgardening

jardinera n.hacer jardinerahang-glidingala delta n.ir en ala deltahikingexcursionismo n.ir de excursin

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horsebackridingequitacin n.hacer equitacin /montar a caballohuntingcaza n.cazar /irdecaza

jigsawpuzzlerompecabezashacerrompecabezas

joggingfooting n.hacerfootingknittinglabor,tejido de punto n.hacerpuntomarbles

juego de bolitas/canicas n.

jugar a las bolitas/canicasmountaineeringalpinismo,montaismo n.hacer alpinismo/hacer montaismopaintingpintura n.

pintar

parachutingparacaidismo n.hacerparacaidismophotographyfotografa n.fotografiar /hacer fotografaspool

billar americano n.jugaralbillaramericanopotterycermica, alfarera n.hacercermicareadinglectura n.leersculptingescultura n.esculpir

sewingcostura n.

cosersingingcanto n.cantarskatingpatinaje n.

patinarskiingesqu n.esquiarsurfingsurf n.hacersurfvideogamesvideojuegos n.

jugarvideojuegosyogayoga n.haceryoga

Work(additional vocab)projectproyecto n.deadlineplazo n.freelance

trabajar por [mi]cuentaboss

jefecoworkercompaerosupervisorsupervisrmanagergerenteemployee

empleadomeetingreuninvacationvacaciones

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ComposicinCarreras, Pasatiempos y Verbos Irregulares

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