2 fighting communicable diseases

Unit 5:2

By. Mrs. Ngawaka

True or False

Immune System- A network of cells, tissues, organs, and chemicals that fight off pathogens.

The Immune system has 3 lines of defense1.Physical and Chemical Barriers2.The inflammatory Response3.Specific Defenses

PhysicalSkinCiliaMucous Membrane

ChemicalTearsSalivaGastric Juices

A reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection.

1. Blood Vessels expand around injury to help fight bring in phagocytes to help fight any germs.

2. Swelling which causes pain from pressure on the nerves.

3. Puss build up from phagocytes and dead tissue.

1. Phagocytes: white blood cells that fight pathogens by surrounding and destroying them.

4. Body repairs the tissue.

If the first two lines of defense are noteffective then the third line is

activated.This line of defense is activated for

specificpathogens. Meaning the body must learn how to fight these pathogens.

3 Columns and 10 Rows

Antigen- Foreign substance on the pathogen that triggers the

immune systemMacrophages- “Patrol” your body and eat the pathogens.

If More help is needed then…Helper T Cells- Trigger the production of B cells and Killer

TCells. Lymphocytes- specialized white blood cells known as T

cellsand B cells.B Cells- Make antibodiesAntibodies- A protein that binds to antigens and

inactivates it or help the Macrophages eat the pathogen.T Cells- recognize infected cells and kill the cell.Suppressor T Cells- Turn off the helper T cells when theinfection is cleared.

“Patrol” your body and eat the pathogens. Macrophages will invade and destroy any foreign substance as well as

old or weakened body cells or debris.

After digesting a pathogen the macrophage will present the antigen to a Helper T Cell. Which down the road will

result in the production of Antibodies by B cells.

Trigger the production of B cells and Killer T cells. They are extremely important to the immune

system. People with AIDS have a very low count of Helper T cells. You could say they sound the alarm

to trigger battle.

B cells make antibodies used to bind to a specific antigen.

Recognize the infected cells and kill them. Will also kill their own kind so they must be

stopped after the battle.

Turn off helper T cells when the infection is cleared.

Memory Cells- Cells that “remember” the antigens that have been fought off before and how to fight them.

Active Immunity- immunity that is developed from being exposed the actual pathogen.

Passive Immunity- Temporary Immunity that is received from the antibodies of another animal or human.

Your _________ ________ is a network of cells, tissues, organs, and chemicals that fight off pathogens. There are ______ lines of defense in your immune system. The first is _________ and __________ barriers. The second line of defense is called _____ ___________ ______ it is a reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection. Each B cell is programmed to make one type of _____________, or protein that acts against a specific antigen. Found in toxins and on the surface of pathogens, ____________ are substances that can trigger an immune response. T cells and B cells are types of _____________.

Immune System

3Physical

ChemicalThe Inflammatory response

Antibody

Antigens

Lymphocytes

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