1 st GENERATION OF COMPUTERS PRESENTED BY : MARIAM NIAZ & SOBIA YOUSUFZAI BS ENG 2 A
1st GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
PRESENTED BY : MARIAM NIAZ & SOBIA
YOUSUFZAI BS ENG 2 A
THE 0 GENERATION
The concept is of using a CALCULATING DEVICE called PASCALINE invented by PASCAL to calculate FAST and keep the RECORD
EARLY AGE of record keeping is
called THE 0 GENERATION
LEBINIZ WHEEL : comes right after PASCALINE
device It’s a DEVICE used for the SUBTRACTION ‘ MULTIPLICATION’ ADDITION & DIVISION operations
THE 1ST GENERATION COMPUTERS
INTRODUCTION •1946-1957 •JOHN P EKCET & JOHN W.MAUCHLY •ENIAC •EDSAC•ADVAC•UNIVAC •IBM
ENIAC : Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator ( 1946) by
JOHN EKERT & JOHN MAUCHLY 1000 times faster Used 18’000 VACCUM tubes Used in WORLD WAR II for MILITARY purposes Completes an operation in 2 minutes that takes a HUMAN to complete in 40 HOURS
EDSAC in 1949 : Electronic Delay Storage Automatic
Computer
First PRACTICAL STORED
PROGRAM electronic computer and FIRST to run a GRAPHICAL COMPUTER GAME VACCUM TUBES were used for logic & Mercury Delay Line for storage
ADVAC : Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic computer
Stores computer program with automatic CALCULATION CHECKING SOFTWARE
UNIVAC : Universal Automatic Computer
The FIRST BUSINESS USED COMPUTER , its cost was close to 1 MILLION dollars
IBM 701 : known as DEFENSE CALCULATOR
invented in 1952 Electrostatic Storage , manufactured for the first time in QUANTITY & COMERCIAL use
STORED IN AN INTERNAL ADDRESSABLE ELECTRONIC MEMOEY
The First IBM machine in which programs are
Advantages : Basic arithmetic operations only took a few MILLISECONDS 100 – 1000 times increase in the SPEDD PUNCHED cards invented to feed DATA and store PROGRAMMS Scientific purposes mainly
DRAWBACKS : High Cost Bulky and Heavy VOLUME Consumed more power then calculations
INVENTIONS WEREPUNCH CARDS AND PAPER TAPES to feed programs and Data to get the results
SECONDARY MEMORY :
Magnetic tapes & Magnetic drums for secondary memory
Punch Cards Magnetic Tape
VACCUM TUBESFor the operations and Logic
VACCUM TUBES
LANGUAGE : Used ASSEMBLY or LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE to write the programs and then converted into MACHINE LANGUAGE
1st generation:
They used vacuum tubes
They use Low Level Programming Language
Limited storage Errors and slow
calculations
5th generation:
They did not use vacuum tubes
High Level programming language used
Large storage Fast calculations &
almost no errors
Comparison of 1st-5th generation
1st generation:
No multitasking No video gaming
5th generation:
Multitasking Video gaming
industry took birth
Comparison of 1st- 5th generation
Thank You