A) velocity of the river decreases B) force of gravity decreases C) volume of water increases D) slope of the river increases 1. Sediment is deposited as a river enters a lake because the A) B) C) D) 2. Which diagram best represents a cross section of a valley which was glaciated and then eroded by a stream? A) V-shaped valley B) meander C) delta D) floodplain 3. The diagram below shows a laboratory stream table. A mixture of sediment was placed on the stream table. A short time after the faucet was turned on, a deposit of sediment began forming at location X at the lower end of the stream table. What is the name of the stream feature forming at location X? A) A B) B C) C D) D 4. The map below shows a meandering stream. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations along the stream bottom. At which location is the greatest amount of sediment most likely being deposited? A) landslide B) drumlin C) moraine D) delta 5. The cross section below shows a profile of a sediment deposit. The pattern of sediment size shown indicates that these sediments were most likely deposited within a A) on the side of a sand dune facing the wind B) at the mouth of a river, where it enters an ocean C) at a site where glacial ice scrapes bedrock D) at the top of a steep slope in a streambed 6. Where is the most deposition likely to occur? A) in a stream channel that is being deepened B) along a coast where a sandbar is being enlarged C) at a point where a stream enters a lake D) at the base of a cliff where a pile of rock fragments is accumulating 7. In which location is erosion usually greater than deposition?
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A) velocity of the river decreasesB) force of gravity decreasesC) volume of water increasesD) slope of the river increases
1. Sediment is deposited as a river enters a lake becausethe
A) B)
C) D)
2. Which diagram best represents a cross section of avalley which was glaciated and then eroded by astream?
A) V-shaped valley B) meanderC) delta D) floodplain
3. The diagram below shows a laboratory stream table.A mixture of sediment was placed on the streamtable. A short time after the faucet was turned on, adeposit of sediment began forming at location X at thelower end of the stream table.
What is the name of the stream feature forming atlocation X?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
4. The map below shows a meandering stream. Points A,B, C, and D represent locations along the streambottom.
At which location is the greatest amount of sedimentmost likely being deposited?
A) landslide B) drumlinC) moraine D) delta
5. The cross section below shows a profile of a sedimentdeposit.
The pattern of sediment size shown indicates thatthese sediments were most likely deposited within a
A) on the side of a sand dune facing the windB) at the mouth of a river, where it enters an
oceanC) at a site where glacial ice scrapes bedrockD) at the top of a steep slope in a streambed
6. Where is the most deposition likely to occur?
A) in a stream channel that is being deepenedB) along a coast where a sandbar is being enlargedC) at a point where a stream enters a lakeD) at the base of a cliff where a pile of rock
fragments is accumulating
7. In which location is erosion usually greater thandeposition?
A) glacial ice B) ocean wavesC) running water D) prevailing winds
8. The landscape diagram below shows a fan-shapedpattern of sediment deposits.
The fan-shaped pattern of these sediments is mostlikely the result of deposition by
A) deposition at location A; erosion at location BB) erosion at location A; deposition at location BC) deposition at both locations A and BD) erosion at both locations A and B
9. The map below shows a meandering river. Points Aand B are locations on the banks of the river.
What are the dominant processes occurring atlocations A and B?
Base your answers to questions 10 and 11 on thediagram below, which shows a meandering stream.Letters A, B, C, and D indicate locations on thestreambed.
A) A and B B) B and CC) C and D D) D and A
10. At which two locations is the rate of erosion greaterthan the rate of deposition?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
11. At which point is the amount of deposition morethan the amount of erosion?
A) glaciers B) windC) wave action D) running water
12. The satellite photograph below shows a geologicfeature composed of silt, sand, and clay.
The geologic feature shown in the photograph wasprimarily deposited by which agent of erosion?
A) Erosion is dominant at A and D, and depositionis dominant at B and C.
B) Erosion is dominant at B and C, anddeposition is dominant at A and D.
C) Erosion is dominant at A and C, and depositionis dominant at B and D.
D) Erosion is dominant at B and D, and depositionis dominant at A and C.
13. The map below shows the top view of a meanderingstream as it enters a lake.
At which points along the stream are erosion anddeposition dominant?
A) B)
C) D)
14. A stream is entering the calm waters of a large lake.Which diagram best illustrates the pattern ofsediments being deposited in the lake from thestream flow?
A) erosion, resulting in a sudden increase in thestream's gradient
B) deposition, resulting in a sudden increase in thestream's gradient
C) erosion along the outside banks of the curvein a meandering stream
D) deposition along the outside banks of the curvein a meandering stream
15. The diagrams below show the stages, A through D,in the formation of an oxbow lake over a period oftime. [The arrows indicate the direction ofstreamflow.]
Oxbow lakes are generally formed by
A) weathering and erosionB) lithospheric plate movementC) folding and faultingD) metamorphism
16. Two landscape regions are shown below.
The evidence shown indicates that currently eachlandscape region is being modified primarily by
A) Erosion is dominant at A and C; depositionis dominant at B and D.
B) Erosion is dominant at B and C; deposition isdominant at A and D.
C) Erosion is dominant at A and D; deposition isdominant at B and C.
D) Erosion is dominant at B and D; deposition isdominant at A and C.
17. The map below shows a stream flowing into a lake.Locations A, B, and C are at the water's edge, andlocation D is on the lake bottom.
Which statement best describes erosion anddeposition in this stream area
A) There is more deposition at point A and moreerosion at point B.
B) There is more erosion at point A and moredeposition at point B.
C) There is more deposition than erosion at points A and B.
D) There is more erosion than deposition at points A and B.
18. The diagram below shows a stream profile beforeand after an earthquake. Points A and B are locationsalong the streambed.
What is the probable relationship between erosionand deposition at points A and B after theearthquake?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
19. The cross section below shows a stream flowingdownhill. Points A through D are locations in thestream.
At which point would most deposition occur?
20. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows a model used toinvestigate the erosional-depositional system of a stream. The model was tilted to create a gentleslope, and a hose supplied water to form the meandering stream shown.
A) B)
C) D)
Which diagram best represents where erosion, E, and deposition, D, are most likely occurring alongthe curves of the meandering stream?
A) The rate of deposition is less than the rate oferosion.
B) The rate of deposition is greater than therate of erosion.
C) Sea level is slowly falling.D) Sea level is slowly rising.
21. The diagrams below show gradual stages 1, 2, and 3in the development of a river delta where a riverenters an ocean.
Which statement best explains why the river delta isdeveloping at this site?
22. Base your answer to the following question on themap below, which shows a portion of a stream thatflows southward. Letters A through E representlocations in the stream. Line XY is the location of across section.
A) A and D B) B and EC) C and E D) D and C
At which two locations in this stream is depositionnormally dominant over erosion?
A) sorted fine-grained particles in cross-beddedlayers
B) a range of particle sizes from 1.0 to 10.0 cm indiameter in thick layers
C) flat, angular boulders in unsorted pilesD) shells of varying size, shape, and composition
in isolated mounds
23. A sedimentary deposit produced by wind erosion ismost likely composed of
A) landslidesB) ocean wavesC) winds from hurricanesD) meltwater from glaciers
24. Outwash plains are formed as a result of depositionby
25. Base your answer to the following question on the cross section below showing the underlyingbedrock of New York and New Jersey along the Hudson River.
Identify two processes that led directly to the development of the Great Unconformity beneath theNewark series.
A) kettle lake B) finger lakeC) drumlin D) parallel scratches
26. The cross sections below show a three-stagesequence in the development of a glacial feature.
Which glacial feature has formed by the end of stage3?
A) a kettle lake B) an outwash plainC) a finger lake D) a moraine
27. The diagram below shows a glacial landscapefeature forming over time from a melting block ofice.
This glacial landscape feature is best identified as
A) erosion due to a decrease in stream velocityB) erosion due to an increase in stream velocityC) deposition due to a decrease in stream
velocityD) deposition due to an increase in stream velocity
28. The diagram below shows a portion of a stream.
The sand bars formed as a direct result of
29. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below. The arrows show the direction inwhich sediment is being transported along the shoreline. A barrier beach has formed, creating alagoon (a shallow body of water in which sediments are being deposited). The eroded headlands arecomposed of diorite bedrock. A groin has recently been constructed. Groins are wall-like structuresbuilt into the water perpendicular to the shoreline to trap beach sand.
A) sorted and layered B) sorted and not layeredC) unsorted and layered D) unsorted and not layered
The sediments that have been deposited by streams flowing into the lagoon are most likely
A) A B) B C) C D) D
30. The cross section below represents the transport ofsediments by a glacier.
At which location is deposition most likely thedominant process?
A) A, C, and E B) B, C, and FC) B, D, and F D) A, D, and E
31. The map below represents a river as it enters a lake.
At which locations is the amount of depositiongreater than the amount of erosion?
32. Base your answer to the following question on the map below, which shows a portion of the continent of North America and outlines the MississippiRiver watershed. Points A, B, C, D, and E represent locations on Earth's surface.
A) sorted and layered B) sorted and not layeredC) unsorted and layered D) unsorted and not layered
Sediments deposited by the river at location B are best described as
A) A, C, and E B) B, C, and FC) B, D, and F D) A, D, and E
33. The map below represents a river as it enters a lake.
At which locations is the amount of depositiongreater than the amount of erosion?
34. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram which represents a profile of a mountainglacier in the northern United States.
A) U-shaped valley with polished bedrockB) V-shaped valley with jagged bedrockC) flat plain with bedrock that has been
metamorphosedD) deep ocean trench with bedrock that has been
melted and cooled
If the climate warms, causing the glacier to meltaway, the region that the glacier formerly occupiedwill be a
Base your answers to questions 35 and 36 on the map below.
A) northeast B) south C) southeast D) west
35. Toward which direction is sand being transported along the shoreline within the zone of breakingwaves?
A) composition of the beach sand B) size of the beachesC) positions of the jetties D) length of the peninsula
36. Students compared recent photographs of the beaches with photographs taken three years ago anddiscovered that parts of the shoreline have changed. Which characteristic of the shoreline probablyhas changed most?
A) B)
C) D)
37. Which cross section best represents the pattern of sediments deposited on the bottom of a lake as thevelocity of the stream entering the lake steadily decreased?
A) A — folding; B — subduction; C — crosscuttingB) A — weathering; B — erosion; C — depositionC) A — faulting; B — conduction; C — mass movementD) A — precipitation; B — infiltration; C — evaporation
38. The block diagram below shows a part of the eastern coastline of North America. Points A, B, and C are reference points along the coast.
Which list best represents the primary processes occurring along the coastline atpoints A, B, and C?
A) particle density B) erosionC) deposition D) mass movement
39. When the velocity of a stream suddenly decreases, the sediment being transported undergoes anincrease in
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