NATURAL SCIENCE 1 st of ESO MINERALS AND ROCKS
Aug 10, 2015
Agate and milky quartz are both quartz, because they have the same chemical composition and therefore, physical properties.The differences between them are caused by impurities, other chemical elements that are included in the quartz during the formation process.
NATIVE ELEMENTS
These minerals are made by a single element.
Gold, silver, copper
OXIDES They are made up of Oxygen and one other element.
Oligiste (iron)
SULPHIDES A mix of Sulphur and a Metal Galena
CARBONATES They are made of Carbon, Oxygen and a Metal.
Calcite
HALIDES Composed of Chloride and a Metal.
Halite
a) COLOUR: minerals are always the same colour, no matter where they are taken or what process endured.
b) SHAPE: minerals can be geometric or irregular.
c) LUSTRE: refers to the way a mineral reflects ligt. It can be:
- Metallic: like pyrite.
- Non metallic.
d) STREAK: it refers to the colour of the powder that a mineral leaves when scraped.
e) CLEAVAGE: is the way a that a mineral breaks. It can break in sheets or in cubes.
f) HARDNESS: measures how a mineral reacts to being scratched.