1June, 21, 2002Klaus Peters - GSI Future - Physics with Antiprotons J

11 June, 21, 2002June, 21, 2002Klaus Peters - GSI Future - Physics with AntiprotonsKlaus Peters - GSI Future - Physics with Antiprotons

J/

Physics at the Physics at the High Energy Antiproton High Energy Antiproton Storage Ring @ GSIStorage Ring @ GSI

Klaus PetersKlaus Peters

Ruhr-University BochumRuhr-University Bochum

Charm WorkshopCharm Workshop

Trento, June 21, 2002Trento, June 21, 2002


OverviewOverview

The GSI Future ProjectThe GSI Future Project

The Antiproton Facility (HESR)The Antiproton Facility (HESR)

The Physics ProgramThe Physics Program Charmonium spectroscopyCharmonium spectroscopy Charmed hybrids and glueballsCharmed hybrids and glueballs Interaction of charmed particles with nucleiInteraction of charmed particles with nuclei Strange baryons in nuclear fieldsStrange baryons in nuclear fields Further optionsFurther options

Detector Concept(s)Detector Concept(s)

ConclusionsConclusions


GSI Future ProjectGSI Future Project


Nuclear Structure PhysicsNuclear Structure Physics

Nuclear Matter PhysicsNuclear Matter Physics

Plasma PhysicsPlasma Physics

Atomic PhysicsAtomic Physics

Physics with AntiprotonsPhysics with Antiprotons

The GSI Future ProjectThe GSI Future Project

Nuclear Structure PhysicsNuclear Structure Physics

Nuclear Matter PhysicsNuclear Matter Physics

Plasma PhysicsPlasma Physics

Atomic PhysicsAtomic Physics

Physics with AntiprotonsPhysics with Antiprotons ConfinementConfinement Origin of MassOrigin of Mass Effective Degrees of freedomEffective Degrees of freedom Toolkit: Charm-PhysicsToolkit: Charm-Physics

Research with Rare Isotope beamsResearch with Rare Isotope beamsNuclei far from StabilityNuclei far from Stability

Nucleus-Nucleus CollisionsNucleus-Nucleus CollisionsCompressed Baryonic MatterCompressed Baryonic Matter

Ion and Laser Induced PlasmasIon and Laser Induced PlasmasHigh Energy Density in MatterHigh Energy Density in Matter

From Fundamentals to Applications From Fundamentals to Applications QED, Strong Fields, Ion-Matter InteractionsQED, Strong Fields, Ion-Matter Interactions

Research with AntiprotonsResearch with AntiprotonsHadron Spectroscopy and Hadronic MatterHadron Spectroscopy and Hadronic Matter


Fundamental Aspects of QCDFundamental Aspects of QCD

QCD is confirmed to high accuracy at small distancesQCD is confirmed to high accuracy at small distancesAt large distances, QCD is characterized by:At large distances, QCD is characterized by:

ConfinementConfinement Chiral symmetry breakingChiral symmetry breaking

Challenge: Challenge: Quantitative understanding of the relevant degrees Quantitative understanding of the relevant degrees

of freedom in strongly interacting systemsof freedom in strongly interacting systems

Experimental approach: Experimental approach: Charm physics: Charm physics:

Transition between the chiral and heavy quark limitsTransition between the chiral and heavy quark limits


Charmonium PhysicsCharmonium Physics

Charmonium is the Positronium Charmonium is the Positronium System of QCDSystem of QCD

EnergiesEnergies SplittingSplitting WidthsWidths

Quark-Antiquark-InteractionQuark-Antiquark-Interaction

Exclusive DecaysExclusive Decays

Mixing of pertubativeMixing of pertubativeand non-pertubative Effectsand non-pertubative Effects



Open questions …Open questions … cc‘ (2‘ (211SS00) not established) not established

hh1c1c ( (11PP11) unconfirmed) unconfirmed Peculiar decays of Peculiar decays of (4040)(4040) Terra incognita for Terra incognita for

any 2P and D-Statesany 2P and D-States

… … Exclusive ChannelsExclusive Channels Helicity violationHelicity violation G-Parity violationG-Parity violation Higher Fock state contributionsHigher Fock state contributions


3500 3520 MeV


ee++ee-- interactions: interactions: Only 1Only 1---- states are formed states are formed Other states only byOther states only by

secondary decays secondary decays (moderate mass resolution)(moderate mass resolution)

ppbar reactions:ppbar reactions: All states directly formedAll states directly formed

(very good mass resolution)(very good mass resolution)

Existing experiments:Existing experiments: no B-field, beamtimeno B-field, beamtime beam momentum reproducibilitybeam momentum reproducibility

3510

CB

all

ev./

2 M

eV

100

ECM

E 8

35

ev./

pb

1000

CBallE835

c1


ECM

Resonance ScanResonance Scan

Measured Measured RateRate

Beam Beam ProfileProfile

Resonance Resonance Cross Cross

SectionSection

small and well controlled small and well controlled beam momentum spread beam momentum spread

p/p p/p is extremely importantis extremely important



Expect 1-2 fbExpect 1-2 fb-1-1 (like CLEO-C) (like CLEO-C) ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) J/J/ 101077/d/d ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) c2 c2 ((J/J/ 101055/d/d

ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) ppbar (>5.5 GeV/c) cc‘(‘( 101044/d|/d|rec.rec.??

Comparison to E835Comparison to E835 Max. Energy 15 GeV/Max. Energy 15 GeV/cc instead of 9 GeV/ instead of 9 GeV/cc Luminosity 10x higherLuminosity 10x higher Detector with magnetic fieldDetector with magnetic field p/p 10x betterp/p 10x better Dedicated machine with stable conditionsDedicated machine with stable conditions


Hadrons are very complicatedHadrons are very complicated

Standard model meson Standard model meson only one leading termonly one leading term

Other color neutral Other color neutral configurations may mixconfigurations may mix

Decoupling is Decoupling is possible only ifpossible only if

states are narrowstates are narrow leading term vanishesleading term vanishes


Charmed HybridsCharmed Hybrids

Gluonic excitations of the Gluonic excitations of the quark-antiquark-potential quark-antiquark-potential may lead to bound statesmay lead to bound states

LQCD: LQCD: mmHH ~ 4.2-4.5 GeV ~ 4.2-4.5 GeV

Light charmed hybrids could be Light charmed hybrids could be as narrow as as narrow as O(5-50 MeV) O(5-50 MeV)

selection rulesselection rules(from Fluxtube)(from Fluxtube)

# charmed final states # charmed final states (OZI-Rule)(OZI-Rule)

important <rimportant <r22> and r> and rBreakupBreakup


FluxtubeFluxtube

MesonMeson

HybridHybrid



Fluxtube-Modell predicts Fluxtube-Modell predicts DD** decaysDD** decays

ifif mmHH<4,29 GeV<4,29 GeV

HH<50 MeV<50 MeV

Some exotics can decay Some exotics can decay neither to DD nor to DD*neither to DD nor to DD*

e.g.: Je.g.: JPCPC(H)=0(H)=0+-+-

• fluxtube allowedfluxtube allowedJ/J/ff22, J/, J/(())SS,h,h1c1c

• fluxtube forbiddenfluxtube forbiddenc0c0,,c0c0, , c2c2,,c2c2, , cchh11

Small number of final states Small number of final states with small phasespacewith small phasespace

CLEO



Gluon rich process creates Gluon rich process creates gluonic excitation in a direct waygluonic excitation in a direct way

ccbar requires the quarks to ccbar requires the quarks to annihilate (no rearrangement)annihilate (no rearrangement)

yield comparable toyield comparable tocharmonium productioncharmonium production

2 complementary techniques2 complementary techniques ProductionProduction

(Fixed-Momentum)(Fixed-Momentum) FormationFormation

(Broad- and Fine-Scans(Broad- and Fine-Scans))

Momentum range for a survey Momentum range for a survey p p ~15 GeV~15 GeV

ProductionAll Quantumnumberspossible

RecoilMeson

FormationQuantumnumberslike pp


Accessible HadronsAccessible Hadrons


Exotics in Proton-Antiproton Exotics in Proton-Antiproton ReactionsReactions

High production yields High production yields for exotic mesons for exotic mesons (or with a large fraction of it)(or with a large fraction of it)

ff00(1500)(1500) ~25 % in 3 ~25 % in 3

ff00(1500)(1500) ~25 % in 2 ~25 % in 2

11(1400)(1400) >10 % in >10 % in

Interference with other Interference with other (conventional) states is (conventional) states is mandatory for the phase analysismandatory for the phase analysis


Heavy GlueballsHeavy Glueballs

Light gg/ggg-systems are Light gg/ggg-systems are complicated to identifycomplicated to identify

Exotic heavy glueballsExotic heavy glueballs m(0m(0+-+-) = 4140) = 4140(50)(200)(50)(200) MeV MeV m(2m(2+-+-) = 4740) = 4740(70)(230)(70)(230) MeV MeV

Width unknown, but!Width unknown, but! nature invests more likely in nature invests more likely in

mass than in momentummass than in momentum

Flavour-blindnessFlavour-blindness predicts decays into predicts decays into

charmed final statescharmed final states

Same run period as hybridsSame run period as hybrids In addition: scan m>2 GeV/cIn addition: scan m>2 GeV/c22

Morningstar und Peardon, PRD60 (1999) 034509Morningstar und Peardon, PRD56 (1997) 4043


4-Quark Formation4-Quark Formation

Proton-Antiproton contains Proton-Antiproton contains already a 4-Quark-Systemalready a 4-Quark-System

Idea: Dilepton-Tag from Idea: Dilepton-Tag from Drell-Yan-ProductionDrell-Yan-Production

AdvantagesAdvantages TriggerTrigger less Jless JPCPC-Ambiguities-Ambiguities 1200 E./day @ 12 GeV1200 E./day @ 12 GeV 300 E./day @ 5-8 GeV 300 E./day @ 5-8 GeV

antiproton-Beamantiproton-Beam(for L=10(for L=103232cmcm-2-2ss-1-1))


Charmed Hadrons in Nuclear MatterCharmed Hadrons in Nuclear Matter

Partial restoration of chiral Partial restoration of chiral symmetry in nuclear mattersymmetry in nuclear matter

Light quarks are sensitive Light quarks are sensitive to quark condensateto quark condensate

Evidence for mass changes of Evidence for mass changes of pions and kaons has been pions and kaons has been deduced previously:deduced previously:

deeply bound pionic atomsdeeply bound pionic atoms (anti)kaon yield and phase space (anti)kaon yield and phase space

distribution distribution

Ds are the QCD analog Ds are the QCD analog of the H-atom.of the H-atom.

chiral symmetry to be studied chiral symmetry to be studied on a single light quarkon a single light quark

Hayaski, PLB 487 (2000) 96Morath, Lee, Weise, priv. Comm.

D

50 MeV

D

D+

vacuumvacuum nuclear mediumnuclear medium

K

25 MeV

100 MeV

K+

K


bare D+D-

10-2

10-1

1

10

102

103

(nb

)4 5 6 7

Open Charm in the NucleiOpen Charm in the Nuclei

The expected signal:The expected signal: strong enhancement of the strong enhancement of the

D-meson cross section,D-meson cross section, relative Drelative D++ D D-- yields, in the yields, in the

near/sub-threshold region.near/sub-threshold region.

This probes ground state This probes ground state nuclear matter density and T~0 nuclear matter density and T~0

Complementary to Complementary to heavy ion collisionsheavy ion collisions

D+

in-mediumfree masses

T (GeV)

D-


Charmonium in the NucleiCharmonium in the Nuclei

Lowering of the DLowering of the D++DD-- mass mass allow charmonium states to allow charmonium states to

decay into this channel, decay into this channel, thus resulting in a dramatic thus resulting in a dramatic

increase of widthincrease of width• (3770) (20(3770) (2040 MeV)40 MeV)

• c2 c2 (0,32(0,322,7 MeV)2,7 MeV)

• DiLepton-ChannelsDiLepton-Channels

IdeaIdea Study relative changes ofStudy relative changes of

yield and width of the yield and width of the charmonium states. charmonium states.


J/J/ Absorption in Nuclei Absorption in Nuclei

Important for the understanding Important for the understanding of heavy ion collisionsof heavy ion collisions

Related to QGPRelated to QGP

ReactionReaction p + A p + A J/ J/ + (A-1) + (A-1)

Fermi-smeared ccbar-ProduktionFermi-smeared ccbar-Produktion J/J/, , ‘ or interference region ‘ or interference region

selected by pselected by pbarbar-Momentum-Momentum Longitudinal und transverse Longitudinal und transverse

Fermi-distribution is measurableFermi-distribution is measurable


HypernucleiHypernuclei

3rd dimension (strangeness)3rd dimension (strangeness)of the nuclear chartof the nuclear chart

New Era:New Era: high resolution high resolution -spectroscopy-spectroscopy

Double-hypernuclei:Double-hypernuclei: very little datavery little data

Baryon-baryon interactions:Baryon-baryon interactions: -N only short ranged (no 1-N only short ranged (no 1

exchange due to isospin) exchange due to isospin) -- impossible in impossible in

scattering reactionsscattering reactions

-

secondary target

-(dss) p(uud) (uds) (uds)

3 GeV/c

TriggerK+K


Proton-Formfactors at large QProton-Formfactors at large Q22

High QHigh Q22 pert. QCD pert. QCD

FF (dim. Scaling)FF (dim. Scaling)should vary with Qshould vary with Q22

time-like remains factor time-like remains factor 2 larger than space-like2 larger than space-like

Both in pQCD Both in pQCD asymptotically equalasymptotically equal

HESR s HESR s 25 GeV 25 GeV22//cc44

M

2 2p2

G Cs

s lnm=

æ ö÷ç ÷ç ÷çè øL

q2>0

q2<0


Inverted DVCSInverted DVCS

Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS)Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) Skewed Parton Distributions using the Handbag-DiagramSkewed Parton Distributions using the Handbag-Diagram Dynamics of quarks and gluons in hadronsDynamics of quarks and gluons in hadrons

Measurements of the inverted processMeasurements of the inverted process less stringent requirements on the detector resolutionless stringent requirements on the detector resolution however the connection of DVCS to the SPDs needs to be however the connection of DVCS to the SPDs needs to be

theoretically analyzed in this kinematic region)theoretically analyzed in this kinematic region)


CP-Violation in the Charm SectorCP-Violation in the Charm Sector

Small mixing in the charm Small mixing in the charm Sector compared toSector compared toKK00 and B and B(S)(S)

00

Interference of amplitudes may Interference of amplitudes may lead to CP-Violationlead to CP-Violation

MeasureMeasureDD++/D/D——-asymmetries-asymmetries

D -Oscillations0 0D

Direct CP-Violation

Wb

Wb

free Decay

Box-Graphen

c

d

u

s

(strong) Penguin (D )± Annihilation (D )s±

gW

Wcc

u s sd

ud


SIS100 – 100 TmSIS100 – 100 Tm30 GeV/30 GeV/c c ProtonsProtons


Production-TargetProduction-Target


Capture, Cooling and Capture, Cooling and Storage (CR, NESR)Storage (CR, NESR)


HESR – 50 TmHESR – 50 Tm15 GeV/15 GeV/c c AntiprotonsAntiprotons


The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility


The Antiproton FacilityThe Antiproton Facility

Antiproton production similar to CERN, Antiproton production similar to CERN,

HESR = High Energy Storage RingHESR = High Energy Storage Ring Production rate 10Production rate 1077/sec/sec PPbeambeam = 1.5 - 15 GeV/= 1.5 - 15 GeV/cc

NNstoredstored = 5 x 10= 5 x 101010 p p

High luminosity modeHigh luminosity mode Luminosity Luminosity = 2 x 10= 2 x 103232 cm cm-2-2ss-1-1

p/p ~ 10p/p ~ 10-4-4 (stochastic cooling)(stochastic cooling)

High resolution modeHigh resolution mode p/p ~ 10p/p ~ 10-5-5 (electron cooling < 8 GeV/(electron cooling < 8 GeV/cc)) Luminosity Luminosity = 10= 103131 cm cm-2-2ss-1-1


Proposed Detector (Overview)Proposed Detector (Overview)

High RatesHigh Rates Total Total ~ 55 mb ~ 55 mb

VertexingVertexing ((pp,K,KSS,,,…),…)

Charged particle IDCharged particle ID (e(e±±,,±±,,±±,p,…),p,…)

Magnetic trackingMagnetic tracking

Elm. CalorimetryElm. Calorimetry ((,,00,,))

Forward capabilitiesForward capabilities (leading particles)(leading particles)

Sophisticated Trigger(s)Sophisticated Trigger(s)


Micro Vertex DetectorMicro Vertex Detector

7.2 mio. barrel pixels7.2 mio. barrel pixels50 x 300 50 x 300 μmμm

2 mio. forward pixels2 mio. forward pixels100 x 150 100 x 150 μmμm

beam pipepelle

t/cl

ust

er

pip

e

Readout: ASICs (ATLAS/CMS) 0.37% XReadout: ASICs (ATLAS/CMS) 0.37% X00

or pixel one side – readout other side (TESLA) or pixel one side – readout other side (TESLA)


Straw Tube Tracker Straw Tube Tracker (WASA like)(WASA like)

Number of double layersNumber of double layersSkew angle of dbl layers 1 and 15 Skew angle of dbl layers 1 and 15 Skew angle of dbl layers 2-14Skew angle of dbl layers 2-14

151500oo

22oo-3-3oo

Straw tube wall thicknessStraw tube wall thicknessWire thicknessWire thicknessGasGas

LengthLengthDiameter of tubes in Diameter of tubes in double layers double layers 1-5, 6-10, and 11-151-5, 6-10, and 11-15Number of straw tubesNumber of straw tubes

26 26 mmmm20 20 mmmm90%He90%He10%C10%C44HH1010

150 cm150 cm4 mm4 mm6 mm6 mm8 mm8 mm87348734

Transverse resolution sTransverse resolution sx,yx,y

Longitudinal resolution Longitudinal resolution sszz

150 150 mmm m 1 mm1 mm


DIRC (Cherenkov)DIRC (Cherenkov)

less space than aerogelsless space than aerogels costs of calorimetercosts of calorimeterno problems with fieldno problems with field


Electromagnetic CalorimeterElectromagnetic Calorimeter

Detector materialDetector material PbWOPbWO44

Photo sensorsPhoto sensors Avalanche Photo DiodesAvalanche Photo Diodes

Crystal sizeCrystal size 35 x 35 x 150 mm35 x 35 x 150 mm33 (i.e 1.5 x 1.5 R (i.e 1.5 x 1.5 RMM22 x 17 X x 17 X00))

Energy resolutionEnergy resolution 1.54 % / 1.54 % / E[GeV] + 0.3 %E[GeV] + 0.3 %

Time resolutionTime resolution 130 ps130 ps

Total number of crystalsTotal number of crystals 71507150


Mini Drift ChamberMini Drift Chamber

6 layers of sense wires in 3 6 layers of sense wires in 3 double layers (y,u,v)double layers (y,u,v)

not stretched radially (mass)not stretched radially (mass)

realized at HADESrealized at HADES high counting rates high counting rates position resolution 70μmposition resolution 70μm

HADES@GSIHADES@GSI


Forward RICHForward RICH

Aerogel Aerogel n=1.02n=1.02

Multi pad gasMulti pad gasDetectorDetector

Mismatch photons Mismatch photons CsI photon conversionCsI photon conversion

LHCbLHCb

proximity focusingproximity focusing mirrorsmirrors


Forward DipoleForward Dipole

1200 1200 mmmm x x 1600 mm1600 mm

B = 2 TmB = 2 Tm


Why Antiprotons ?Why Antiprotons ?

high resolution spectroscopy with phigh resolution spectroscopy with pbarbar-beams in -beams in formation experiments:formation experiments:

• E,E,EEbeambeam

high yields in pphigh yields in ppbarbar of gluonic excitations of gluonic excitations• glueballs, hybridsglueballs, hybrids

event tagging by pairwise associated production, event tagging by pairwise associated production, • (particle, anti-particle) e.g. pp(particle, anti-particle) e.g. ppbarbarbarbar

large sqrt(s) at low momentum transferlarge sqrt(s) at low momentum transfer important for in-medium "implantation" of hadrons:important for in-medium "implantation" of hadrons: study of in-medium effectsstudy of in-medium effects


CompetitionCompetition CLEOc, BES, JLab (HALL-D), JHFCLEOc, BES, JLab (HALL-D), JHF

TopicTopic HESRHESR CompetitorCompetitor

ConfinementConfinementCharmoniumCharmonium

all ccall ccbarbar states states with high resolutionwith high resolution

CLEO-C only 1CLEO-C only 1–––– states states

Gluonic Gluonic ExcitationsExcitations

charmed hybridscharmed hybridsheavy glueballsheavy glueballs

CLEO-C light glueballsCLEO-C light glueballsHall-D light hybrids?Hall-D light hybrids?

Nuclear Nuclear InteractionsInteractions

D-mass shiftD-mass shiftJ/J/ absorption (T~0) absorption (T~0)

HypernucleiHypernuclei - and - and -hypernuclei-hypernuclei

Open Charm Open Charm PhysicsPhysics

Rare D-Decays, CP-Rare D-Decays, CP-physics in D and Baryonsphysics in D and Baryons

CLEO-C rare D-DecaysCLEO-C rare D-DecaysCP-physics in DCP-physics in D

,K-beams,K-beams JHF rare K-DecaysJHF rare K-Decaysneutrino physicsneutrino physics


Interested InstitutesInterested Institutes(with Representative in the Coordination Board)(with Representative in the Coordination Board)

Bochum UniversityBochum UniversityBrescia University and INFNBrescia University and INFNCatania UniversityCatania UniversityCracow UniversityCracow UniversityGSI Darmstadt GSI Darmstadt Dresden UniversityDresden UniversityJINR Dubna IJINR Dubna IJINR Dubna IIJINR Dubna IIErlangen UniversityErlangen UniversityFerrara UniversityFerrara UniversityFrascatiFrascatiGenova, INFNGenova, INFNGenova University Genova University Glasgow UniversityGlasgow UniversityGiessen UniversityGiessen University

KVI GroningenKVI GroningenJülich IKP IJülich IKP IJülich IKP IIJülich IKP IILos AlamosLos AlamosMainz UniversityMainz UniversityTU MünchenTU MünchenMünster UniversityMünster UniversityPavia UniversityPavia UniversityUniversity of SilesiaUniversity of SilesiaTorino University ITorino University ITorino University IITorino University IITrieste University and INFNTrieste University and INFNTübingen UniversityTübingen UniversityTSL UppsalaTSL UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsala University

Germany – Italy – Netherlands – Poland – Russia – Sweden Germany – Italy – Netherlands – Poland – Russia – Sweden –– U.K. U.K. –– U.S.A. U.S.A.


History/OutlookHistory/Outlook

since 1997since 1997 Discussion about GSI futureDiscussion about GSI futureInternational workshops and reviewsInternational workshops and reviewsAccelearator R&DAccelearator R&D

May 1999May 1999 Lettor of IntendLettor of Intend (40 authors) (40 authors)Studies for detector conceptStudies for detector concept

Jan. 2001Jan. 2001 Detector simulation with GEANT4Detector simulation with GEANT4Nov. 2001Nov. 2001 Conceptual design reportConceptual design report

„„An International Accelerator Facility forAn International Accelerator Facility forBeams of Ions and Antiprotons“Beams of Ions and Antiprotons“

Nov. 2001Nov. 2001 ReviewReview by an international review by an international review committee of the committee of the „Deutscher Wissenschaftsrat“„Deutscher Wissenschaftsrat“

April 2002April 2002 International Workshop at GSIInternational Workshop at GSIJuly 2002July 2002 VotumVotum by the by the „Deutscher Wissenschaftsrat“„Deutscher Wissenschaftsrat“


Realization/CostRealization/Cost

Civil ConstructionCivil Construction ~ 225 M€~ 225 M€Accelerator Components Accelerator Components ~ 265 M€~ 265 M€Instrumentation and Major Detectors Instrumentation and Major Detectors ~ 185 M€~ 185 M€(HESR Detector ~ 31 M€)(HESR Detector ~ 31 M€)

~ 675 M€~ 675 M€

Year 200X + 6 yearsYear 200X + 6 yearscommissioningcommissioning

Year 200X + 8 yearsYear 200X + 8 yearsregular data takingregular data taking


Summary & OutlookSummary & Outlook

Investigation of charmed hadrons and their interaction Investigation of charmed hadrons and their interaction with matter is a mandatory task for the next decadewith matter is a mandatory task for the next decade

The antiproton facility HESR @ GSI The antiproton facility HESR @ GSI addresses many important questionsaddresses many important questions

A high performance storage ring and detector are A high performance storage ring and detector are envisaged to utilize a luminosity of L=2 x 10envisaged to utilize a luminosity of L=2 x 103232 cm cm-2-2ss-1-1


More InformationMore Information

http://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/project/eng/index.phphttp://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/project/eng/index.php

http://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/cdr/http://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/cdr/

http://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/project/eng/i/pdf_e.gifhttp://www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/project/eng/i/pdf_e.gif

1June, 21, 2002Klaus Peters - GSI Future - Physics with Antiprotons J

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