n 1HI.., .... IIOLE OF THE ........ ,REIEIMMRIAIID WA..__, •1HIImC/IIWRA WATIR IUPPI.YIYI'IBI 0 IIDirlllllrl, 111t IIBifi
n
1HIIIOLEOF THE REIEIMMRIAIID
WA__ bull1HIImCIIWRA WATIR IUPPIYIYIIBI
0
IIDirlllllrl 111t IIBifi
Nonnwett Wetn~non 0 C 20001
DRAFT
SUPERFUND PUBLIC HEALTH EVALUATION NANUAL
~for orne of Emergency and Pmcflal Pe~
orne of Solid Waste and Emergency _spons US Environmental Protection Agency
Woshlngton DC 20460
D~Kember 18 1985
ICF NCOAPOAATD 1150 K Srw
EXHIBIT 4middot5
APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT ANO APPROPRIATE AMBIE~T REQUIREMENTS
SIJI DUNIING IIAID ACT Ctullt All ACT
ICLo ~I WQS (11) (q a 1 )
ArUDi l ara Cacba ~ac =uoxcia
~~haoi bullOctoropusoxracei~ acid (2 -middotD ) Jbull~UlontluoxrmiddotepODtc
l ltd ltbullJmiddotTPJcu I Chaavaleac)bUill
- u ur --~ IIJdracu=ou Cao middotbullbull~bDe)att ~uc~rr
~t-lXfcor Siaa Cu S) Si ~ae Cioude =~==-Parrulau tter
lacnuclidu IMta-zt lAd 121 Gn amplplampa ICi lViCJ Trt1ibull StrontubulltO O~ar =u-ca radionurlid
Shnuaa Silvu Su ltJr oxides
Toxaphene Trhal=tLu a h
oos o 0 01
C l C OI
oos 0 0002 14bull14 0 004
oos C OOl 01 lCO
S pC1I IS pC1I 20 000 pC1 I I pC1I 0 01 cos
ooos ~I
40000 Cl bullhour ) 5 0000 (lbulltou i middot
160 (lmiddothour) sect I 11 tObullday) sect
~ ( -~middotu ) (lmiddotbour ) i 260 (24bullhour ) 5
75 (lmiddotybullar ) 11
lB c-hour ) 5 10 (lmiddotyr) 1
FOOTNOTES TO EX HIBIT 4middotS
toieamiddotmiddot a-middoted sat at ~amp middot scas Ctt ~ =~bulld -cu t tan iriau A an also a a~h c -tl t van ed aprruu s~e~ nbulleciampl a~c i~a
~I tA bu alto ropo d ~CLI tor eiampht volaci le oraetc c~bulli~ala ~looa- by ue alcm uuacbl ordt lll middotticbloroecbaae middot1A7l ~lor1d1 llbullamphoechant buzana l lmiddotclichloronbylue ampDd pbullcUdllorabKZUt ~ 30 Uipound1l tuifu 469Dlbull4U33 Sovuber 3 1915)
S ~Uiaz cu1tUOl Ot 0 bt UCitdtd Ore t~U CDC ptr Yilt
~ b~a IIOEI IlL~ ea
11 liCli iu Ciil~l raar art iampiad o acLy j evela ~IH_iq o a ~=nl My ur aral oraaa do11 of 4 bulltllJrbulltr-ar 1-1 Oftr a U=citlat rata
bull Tocal rtha~-thaH refan to tbe bullbull uauanaua of Ulenfen tl~icltlona=ae dibr~~oraecbue uad br-ton
middot ~_ ~ middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot
CSiipoundi ~aca 7 bullbull
0EXHIBIT 4middot6
1 middot ~1o1E~r WATER OUALiTY CRITERIA wOC ) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HfA~TH
Jaar-~aaa A-le ey ~ile -bull
middot=middotmiddot=-=middot UIesa luacebull lezaiebull lerrll~a ldiliashyu- etradl~rite ~loncabull ~ornH beuaa
Mua= orobezuabull ~ bull - 5 bulla-a~ratane e-aorlcaace 7r~robvsue ~oaclorobeuuebull
~rattd eut~ 12-dtoroehampaa 11 middotri~loroec~ampnbull 11middotTrichloroecue 1 1 l bullTecaeblcrahampne tualoroet~bull 1ooo~1oroubut
1-chloroabanebull 11 lmiddotTecncblottbane Ptacabloroetbaae
Ol1orinad napitbalanu loraud p=bullols 3-~cch1orcteno bullmiddot1ccb1oropheno1 2 3-=lo-~eno
-h --aano bullc-~loalc
~ bull- ano - e-7bull -a ano middot7- 1-t
iQC (Coacuuauona in Parezubuet Corrpoad t o ticpoint of lilk Rance
tor Pottat al Ctrcio11p1 Onlvl 11 Aquauc Orauisbull Juud ~or JUl ud Drkiq laur iaur 01lly ~
20 1 1 ( Oaanoltf)~ ic) o 111 (CIamp a ~o lt 1 0 (51 ll o ~o 1 11 6 Ul1 o cz algt 0 ( 30 COO ~tra 1) o (OU uall c (0 bullall o (3 7 niJl) 10 bullIll 0 (0 Ua1) 0 (046 namp1)
o (0 na 1 31 amp 1 ua1 Inau~eienc data aa ua 1
0 (0 94 Ua1) 11 4 bullIll o (0 6 bullatll o (017 ua l l 0 (1 9 Ua1) Iaauffident daca IDtufficieac data Inaufticitnt data Iuufticient data bull Inauftciaoc dau
0 1 ua 1 COraanoltptic) 0 1 ua 1 (Orauohpeic) 01 Ji ll coraanoltpti c ) C 5 JI l IJw ltllo) o a ==aalolap1) C J amp r atno l t J i
~u~ Caaloep
40 ua1 0 (63 ll1 o c1 atl 16 ua1 cs lampllgt (10 000 fbtrl 1) o 0 67 uaJil 0 (OU 111ll 0 (lt 1111) 0 10 -11 0 (04Z Ua1) 0 (U 1111)
0 (1 bullall) 110 ulf 1 370 -fl Insu~~icient dau 411 ulfl
0 (0 94 Ua1) It 1111 o (0 6 ua1) 0 (0 1i uampf 1) 0 ( 4 Ua1) Iuufficia~ dau Iuuf i ciut data Inaufic u t data Iasufficieu data Inauficisn~ data
0 1 ua1 (Oraano la 0 1 ua1 (Orauolt o 04 ua 1 tOr aa
U~L ~~~ ~ ~a f middotLoo a~ ~c c
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
Nonnwett Wetn~non 0 C 20001
DRAFT
SUPERFUND PUBLIC HEALTH EVALUATION NANUAL
~for orne of Emergency and Pmcflal Pe~
orne of Solid Waste and Emergency _spons US Environmental Protection Agency
Woshlngton DC 20460
D~Kember 18 1985
ICF NCOAPOAATD 1150 K Srw
EXHIBIT 4middot5
APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT ANO APPROPRIATE AMBIE~T REQUIREMENTS
SIJI DUNIING IIAID ACT Ctullt All ACT
ICLo ~I WQS (11) (q a 1 )
ArUDi l ara Cacba ~ac =uoxcia
~~haoi bullOctoropusoxracei~ acid (2 -middotD ) Jbull~UlontluoxrmiddotepODtc
l ltd ltbullJmiddotTPJcu I Chaavaleac)bUill
- u ur --~ IIJdracu=ou Cao middotbullbull~bDe)att ~uc~rr
~t-lXfcor Siaa Cu S) Si ~ae Cioude =~==-Parrulau tter
lacnuclidu IMta-zt lAd 121 Gn amplplampa ICi lViCJ Trt1ibull StrontubulltO O~ar =u-ca radionurlid
Shnuaa Silvu Su ltJr oxides
Toxaphene Trhal=tLu a h
oos o 0 01
C l C OI
oos 0 0002 14bull14 0 004
oos C OOl 01 lCO
S pC1I IS pC1I 20 000 pC1 I I pC1I 0 01 cos
ooos ~I
40000 Cl bullhour ) 5 0000 (lbulltou i middot
160 (lmiddothour) sect I 11 tObullday) sect
~ ( -~middotu ) (lmiddotbour ) i 260 (24bullhour ) 5
75 (lmiddotybullar ) 11
lB c-hour ) 5 10 (lmiddotyr) 1
FOOTNOTES TO EX HIBIT 4middotS
toieamiddotmiddot a-middoted sat at ~amp middot scas Ctt ~ =~bulld -cu t tan iriau A an also a a~h c -tl t van ed aprruu s~e~ nbulleciampl a~c i~a
~I tA bu alto ropo d ~CLI tor eiampht volaci le oraetc c~bulli~ala ~looa- by ue alcm uuacbl ordt lll middotticbloroecbaae middot1A7l ~lor1d1 llbullamphoechant buzana l lmiddotclichloronbylue ampDd pbullcUdllorabKZUt ~ 30 Uipound1l tuifu 469Dlbull4U33 Sovuber 3 1915)
S ~Uiaz cu1tUOl Ot 0 bt UCitdtd Ore t~U CDC ptr Yilt
~ b~a IIOEI IlL~ ea
11 liCli iu Ciil~l raar art iampiad o acLy j evela ~IH_iq o a ~=nl My ur aral oraaa do11 of 4 bulltllJrbulltr-ar 1-1 Oftr a U=citlat rata
bull Tocal rtha~-thaH refan to tbe bullbull uauanaua of Ulenfen tl~icltlona=ae dibr~~oraecbue uad br-ton
middot ~_ ~ middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot
CSiipoundi ~aca 7 bullbull
0EXHIBIT 4middot6
1 middot ~1o1E~r WATER OUALiTY CRITERIA wOC ) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HfA~TH
Jaar-~aaa A-le ey ~ile -bull
middot=middotmiddot=-=middot UIesa luacebull lezaiebull lerrll~a ldiliashyu- etradl~rite ~loncabull ~ornH beuaa
Mua= orobezuabull ~ bull - 5 bulla-a~ratane e-aorlcaace 7r~robvsue ~oaclorobeuuebull
~rattd eut~ 12-dtoroehampaa 11 middotri~loroec~ampnbull 11middotTrichloroecue 1 1 l bullTecaeblcrahampne tualoroet~bull 1ooo~1oroubut
1-chloroabanebull 11 lmiddotTecncblottbane Ptacabloroetbaae
Ol1orinad napitbalanu loraud p=bullols 3-~cch1orcteno bullmiddot1ccb1oropheno1 2 3-=lo-~eno
-h --aano bullc-~loalc
~ bull- ano - e-7bull -a ano middot7- 1-t
iQC (Coacuuauona in Parezubuet Corrpoad t o ticpoint of lilk Rance
tor Pottat al Ctrcio11p1 Onlvl 11 Aquauc Orauisbull Juud ~or JUl ud Drkiq laur iaur 01lly ~
20 1 1 ( Oaanoltf)~ ic) o 111 (CIamp a ~o lt 1 0 (51 ll o ~o 1 11 6 Ul1 o cz algt 0 ( 30 COO ~tra 1) o (OU uall c (0 bullall o (3 7 niJl) 10 bullIll 0 (0 Ua1) 0 (046 namp1)
o (0 na 1 31 amp 1 ua1 Inau~eienc data aa ua 1
0 (0 94 Ua1) 11 4 bullIll o (0 6 bullatll o (017 ua l l 0 (1 9 Ua1) Iaauffident daca IDtufficieac data Inaufticitnt data Iuufticient data bull Inauftciaoc dau
0 1 ua 1 COraanoltptic) 0 1 ua 1 (Orauohpeic) 01 Ji ll coraanoltpti c ) C 5 JI l IJw ltllo) o a ==aalolap1) C J amp r atno l t J i
~u~ Caaloep
40 ua1 0 (63 ll1 o c1 atl 16 ua1 cs lampllgt (10 000 fbtrl 1) o 0 67 uaJil 0 (OU 111ll 0 (lt 1111) 0 10 -11 0 (04Z Ua1) 0 (U 1111)
0 (1 bullall) 110 ulf 1 370 -fl Insu~~icient dau 411 ulfl
0 (0 94 Ua1) It 1111 o (0 6 ua1) 0 (0 1i uampf 1) 0 ( 4 Ua1) Iuufficia~ dau Iuuf i ciut data Inaufic u t data Iasufficieu data Inauficisn~ data
0 1 ua1 (Oraano la 0 1 ua1 (Orauolt o 04 ua 1 tOr aa
U~L ~~~ ~ ~a f middotLoo a~ ~c c
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
EXHIBIT 4middot5
APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT ANO APPROPRIATE AMBIE~T REQUIREMENTS
SIJI DUNIING IIAID ACT Ctullt All ACT
ICLo ~I WQS (11) (q a 1 )
ArUDi l ara Cacba ~ac =uoxcia
~~haoi bullOctoropusoxracei~ acid (2 -middotD ) Jbull~UlontluoxrmiddotepODtc
l ltd ltbullJmiddotTPJcu I Chaavaleac)bUill
- u ur --~ IIJdracu=ou Cao middotbullbull~bDe)att ~uc~rr
~t-lXfcor Siaa Cu S) Si ~ae Cioude =~==-Parrulau tter
lacnuclidu IMta-zt lAd 121 Gn amplplampa ICi lViCJ Trt1ibull StrontubulltO O~ar =u-ca radionurlid
Shnuaa Silvu Su ltJr oxides
Toxaphene Trhal=tLu a h
oos o 0 01
C l C OI
oos 0 0002 14bull14 0 004
oos C OOl 01 lCO
S pC1I IS pC1I 20 000 pC1 I I pC1I 0 01 cos
ooos ~I
40000 Cl bullhour ) 5 0000 (lbulltou i middot
160 (lmiddothour) sect I 11 tObullday) sect
~ ( -~middotu ) (lmiddotbour ) i 260 (24bullhour ) 5
75 (lmiddotybullar ) 11
lB c-hour ) 5 10 (lmiddotyr) 1
FOOTNOTES TO EX HIBIT 4middotS
toieamiddotmiddot a-middoted sat at ~amp middot scas Ctt ~ =~bulld -cu t tan iriau A an also a a~h c -tl t van ed aprruu s~e~ nbulleciampl a~c i~a
~I tA bu alto ropo d ~CLI tor eiampht volaci le oraetc c~bulli~ala ~looa- by ue alcm uuacbl ordt lll middotticbloroecbaae middot1A7l ~lor1d1 llbullamphoechant buzana l lmiddotclichloronbylue ampDd pbullcUdllorabKZUt ~ 30 Uipound1l tuifu 469Dlbull4U33 Sovuber 3 1915)
S ~Uiaz cu1tUOl Ot 0 bt UCitdtd Ore t~U CDC ptr Yilt
~ b~a IIOEI IlL~ ea
11 liCli iu Ciil~l raar art iampiad o acLy j evela ~IH_iq o a ~=nl My ur aral oraaa do11 of 4 bulltllJrbulltr-ar 1-1 Oftr a U=citlat rata
bull Tocal rtha~-thaH refan to tbe bullbull uauanaua of Ulenfen tl~icltlona=ae dibr~~oraecbue uad br-ton
middot ~_ ~ middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot
CSiipoundi ~aca 7 bullbull
0EXHIBIT 4middot6
1 middot ~1o1E~r WATER OUALiTY CRITERIA wOC ) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HfA~TH
Jaar-~aaa A-le ey ~ile -bull
middot=middotmiddot=-=middot UIesa luacebull lezaiebull lerrll~a ldiliashyu- etradl~rite ~loncabull ~ornH beuaa
Mua= orobezuabull ~ bull - 5 bulla-a~ratane e-aorlcaace 7r~robvsue ~oaclorobeuuebull
~rattd eut~ 12-dtoroehampaa 11 middotri~loroec~ampnbull 11middotTrichloroecue 1 1 l bullTecaeblcrahampne tualoroet~bull 1ooo~1oroubut
1-chloroabanebull 11 lmiddotTecncblottbane Ptacabloroetbaae
Ol1orinad napitbalanu loraud p=bullols 3-~cch1orcteno bullmiddot1ccb1oropheno1 2 3-=lo-~eno
-h --aano bullc-~loalc
~ bull- ano - e-7bull -a ano middot7- 1-t
iQC (Coacuuauona in Parezubuet Corrpoad t o ticpoint of lilk Rance
tor Pottat al Ctrcio11p1 Onlvl 11 Aquauc Orauisbull Juud ~or JUl ud Drkiq laur iaur 01lly ~
20 1 1 ( Oaanoltf)~ ic) o 111 (CIamp a ~o lt 1 0 (51 ll o ~o 1 11 6 Ul1 o cz algt 0 ( 30 COO ~tra 1) o (OU uall c (0 bullall o (3 7 niJl) 10 bullIll 0 (0 Ua1) 0 (046 namp1)
o (0 na 1 31 amp 1 ua1 Inau~eienc data aa ua 1
0 (0 94 Ua1) 11 4 bullIll o (0 6 bullatll o (017 ua l l 0 (1 9 Ua1) Iaauffident daca IDtufficieac data Inaufticitnt data Iuufticient data bull Inauftciaoc dau
0 1 ua 1 COraanoltptic) 0 1 ua 1 (Orauohpeic) 01 Ji ll coraanoltpti c ) C 5 JI l IJw ltllo) o a ==aalolap1) C J amp r atno l t J i
~u~ Caaloep
40 ua1 0 (63 ll1 o c1 atl 16 ua1 cs lampllgt (10 000 fbtrl 1) o 0 67 uaJil 0 (OU 111ll 0 (lt 1111) 0 10 -11 0 (04Z Ua1) 0 (U 1111)
0 (1 bullall) 110 ulf 1 370 -fl Insu~~icient dau 411 ulfl
0 (0 94 Ua1) It 1111 o (0 6 ua1) 0 (0 1i uampf 1) 0 ( 4 Ua1) Iuufficia~ dau Iuuf i ciut data Inaufic u t data Iasufficieu data Inauficisn~ data
0 1 ua1 (Oraano la 0 1 ua1 (Orauolt o 04 ua 1 tOr aa
U~L ~~~ ~ ~a f middotLoo a~ ~c c
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
FOOTNOTES TO EX HIBIT 4middotS
toieamiddotmiddot a-middoted sat at ~amp middot scas Ctt ~ =~bulld -cu t tan iriau A an also a a~h c -tl t van ed aprruu s~e~ nbulleciampl a~c i~a
~I tA bu alto ropo d ~CLI tor eiampht volaci le oraetc c~bulli~ala ~looa- by ue alcm uuacbl ordt lll middotticbloroecbaae middot1A7l ~lor1d1 llbullamphoechant buzana l lmiddotclichloronbylue ampDd pbullcUdllorabKZUt ~ 30 Uipound1l tuifu 469Dlbull4U33 Sovuber 3 1915)
S ~Uiaz cu1tUOl Ot 0 bt UCitdtd Ore t~U CDC ptr Yilt
~ b~a IIOEI IlL~ ea
11 liCli iu Ciil~l raar art iampiad o acLy j evela ~IH_iq o a ~=nl My ur aral oraaa do11 of 4 bulltllJrbulltr-ar 1-1 Oftr a U=citlat rata
bull Tocal rtha~-thaH refan to tbe bullbull uauanaua of Ulenfen tl~icltlona=ae dibr~~oraecbue uad br-ton
middot ~_ ~ middotmiddot-middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot
CSiipoundi ~aca 7 bullbull
0EXHIBIT 4middot6
1 middot ~1o1E~r WATER OUALiTY CRITERIA wOC ) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HfA~TH
Jaar-~aaa A-le ey ~ile -bull
middot=middotmiddot=-=middot UIesa luacebull lezaiebull lerrll~a ldiliashyu- etradl~rite ~loncabull ~ornH beuaa
Mua= orobezuabull ~ bull - 5 bulla-a~ratane e-aorlcaace 7r~robvsue ~oaclorobeuuebull
~rattd eut~ 12-dtoroehampaa 11 middotri~loroec~ampnbull 11middotTrichloroecue 1 1 l bullTecaeblcrahampne tualoroet~bull 1ooo~1oroubut
1-chloroabanebull 11 lmiddotTecncblottbane Ptacabloroetbaae
Ol1orinad napitbalanu loraud p=bullols 3-~cch1orcteno bullmiddot1ccb1oropheno1 2 3-=lo-~eno
-h --aano bullc-~loalc
~ bull- ano - e-7bull -a ano middot7- 1-t
iQC (Coacuuauona in Parezubuet Corrpoad t o ticpoint of lilk Rance
tor Pottat al Ctrcio11p1 Onlvl 11 Aquauc Orauisbull Juud ~or JUl ud Drkiq laur iaur 01lly ~
20 1 1 ( Oaanoltf)~ ic) o 111 (CIamp a ~o lt 1 0 (51 ll o ~o 1 11 6 Ul1 o cz algt 0 ( 30 COO ~tra 1) o (OU uall c (0 bullall o (3 7 niJl) 10 bullIll 0 (0 Ua1) 0 (046 namp1)
o (0 na 1 31 amp 1 ua1 Inau~eienc data aa ua 1
0 (0 94 Ua1) 11 4 bullIll o (0 6 bullatll o (017 ua l l 0 (1 9 Ua1) Iaauffident daca IDtufficieac data Inaufticitnt data Iuufticient data bull Inauftciaoc dau
0 1 ua 1 COraanoltptic) 0 1 ua 1 (Orauohpeic) 01 Ji ll coraanoltpti c ) C 5 JI l IJw ltllo) o a ==aalolap1) C J amp r atno l t J i
~u~ Caaloep
40 ua1 0 (63 ll1 o c1 atl 16 ua1 cs lampllgt (10 000 fbtrl 1) o 0 67 uaJil 0 (OU 111ll 0 (lt 1111) 0 10 -11 0 (04Z Ua1) 0 (U 1111)
0 (1 bullall) 110 ulf 1 370 -fl Insu~~icient dau 411 ulfl
0 (0 94 Ua1) It 1111 o (0 6 ua1) 0 (0 1i uampf 1) 0 ( 4 Ua1) Iuufficia~ dau Iuuf i ciut data Inaufic u t data Iasufficieu data Inauficisn~ data
0 1 ua1 (Oraano la 0 1 ua1 (Orauolt o 04 ua 1 tOr aa
U~L ~~~ ~ ~a f middotLoo a~ ~c c
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
CSiipoundi ~aca 7 bullbull
0EXHIBIT 4middot6
1 middot ~1o1E~r WATER OUALiTY CRITERIA wOC ) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HfA~TH
Jaar-~aaa A-le ey ~ile -bull
middot=middotmiddot=-=middot UIesa luacebull lezaiebull lerrll~a ldiliashyu- etradl~rite ~loncabull ~ornH beuaa
Mua= orobezuabull ~ bull - 5 bulla-a~ratane e-aorlcaace 7r~robvsue ~oaclorobeuuebull
~rattd eut~ 12-dtoroehampaa 11 middotri~loroec~ampnbull 11middotTrichloroecue 1 1 l bullTecaeblcrahampne tualoroet~bull 1ooo~1oroubut
1-chloroabanebull 11 lmiddotTecncblottbane Ptacabloroetbaae
Ol1orinad napitbalanu loraud p=bullols 3-~cch1orcteno bullmiddot1ccb1oropheno1 2 3-=lo-~eno
-h --aano bullc-~loalc
~ bull- ano - e-7bull -a ano middot7- 1-t
iQC (Coacuuauona in Parezubuet Corrpoad t o ticpoint of lilk Rance
tor Pottat al Ctrcio11p1 Onlvl 11 Aquauc Orauisbull Juud ~or JUl ud Drkiq laur iaur 01lly ~
20 1 1 ( Oaanoltf)~ ic) o 111 (CIamp a ~o lt 1 0 (51 ll o ~o 1 11 6 Ul1 o cz algt 0 ( 30 COO ~tra 1) o (OU uall c (0 bullall o (3 7 niJl) 10 bullIll 0 (0 Ua1) 0 (046 namp1)
o (0 na 1 31 amp 1 ua1 Inau~eienc data aa ua 1
0 (0 94 Ua1) 11 4 bullIll o (0 6 bullatll o (017 ua l l 0 (1 9 Ua1) Iaauffident daca IDtufficieac data Inaufticitnt data Iuufticient data bull Inauftciaoc dau
0 1 ua 1 COraanoltptic) 0 1 ua 1 (Orauohpeic) 01 Ji ll coraanoltpti c ) C 5 JI l IJw ltllo) o a ==aalolap1) C J amp r atno l t J i
~u~ Caaloep
40 ua1 0 (63 ll1 o c1 atl 16 ua1 cs lampllgt (10 000 fbtrl 1) o 0 67 uaJil 0 (OU 111ll 0 (lt 1111) 0 10 -11 0 (04Z Ua1) 0 (U 1111)
0 (1 bullall) 110 ulf 1 370 -fl Insu~~icient dau 411 ulfl
0 (0 94 Ua1) It 1111 o (0 6 ua1) 0 (0 1i uampf 1) 0 ( 4 Ua1) Iuufficia~ dau Iuuf i ciut data Inaufic u t data Iasufficieu data Inauficisn~ data
0 1 ua1 (Oraano la 0 1 ua1 (Orauolt o 04 ua 1 tOr aa
U~L ~~~ ~ ~a f middotLoo a~ ~c c
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
l4 6bullTicoropllaDol 2 bulltt~tl bull4bullchlorobanol lmiddotntrl middotbullmiddotc~locphenol lmiddotlnhrlmiddot6middotchlorophenol
~lodkyl uban iJ bull(Chlor-thyl) acbubull tiUbull(2bullChloroetbyl) nbershybiabull(lbullClalontopropyl ) eh~r
hlonforshy1middotCillo_l ClanJu cc ~ Cyandbullbull
~ ~icJlorobeuen (al l aoees) chlor~beca~inas cloronbyluea
llbullDidlloroet hy ~ uebull l middotZUchloroettr l ane
Dcbloroeacbuebull 24bullDicblorophenol Dicbloropropuet Dichloropropuas
Dtchloropropeaet Dichloropropues
DhldbulliDbull l4middotDibulletbylpbuol l4middotDinitrotoluenabull 12bullDiphanylbydruaabull tndosulfu Endrin Ethy1banzane
0 Fluoranthana Haloahbullrs
J Ka lxbull~bullbull Ha~~crshy
J
rJ J J J ]
J J ]
]
]
J
Muacrl orobJampC antbull Huatl orocylohuanu rMY
al pbabullHCCHbull
woe (CODC iftU IUonJ in Parentbe CornapoAC to HidpoiDt of lUk 1aap
f or Pougtial Ctrcilorw Onlyl a Aqvauc Oraubullbull Acl juna tor 0
tiL~CU ud DrinkiDa llaur llner Only S
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUALITY CRITERIA (WOC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HALTH
o CLl ua ) 1100 uabull l tOaan laptic 3000 ua l (Jaalepic) 20 ual (Oraanolept )
o ca oo31 rei lgt o (lO na )
middot 1 0 (0 11 bullIll) 0 1 ulfl (OraanolapUc) 50 Ill 170 1111 1 q 1 COrcanohp c oo bullell o co oz na) 400 lll 1 o (10 3 neilgt
0 03 n ~ l ntJur dau See Halbullatblftat l Ot q1
lnsuffiduc dna 11 uamp1 o co on bulletll 400 uc1 (Orcatollic) 0 (0 11 uc1) o (42 q 1) 74 uc1 1 uat1 14 ~c1 42 uampl l a a 11
IS u~
( 021 nc 1 (0 - middot
c 9 I middot
o o a val gt 1100 amp11 (Oaa lOCO vall t ampa 2~ q1 COraaclt
0 (O OOJI 1) 0 (30 111ll 14 Ull0 (0 11 1l) 01 Ulfl ltObulla-lamiddot 50 Ull 171 1111 1 q 1 (Oraac e 00 1111 o 12 aa 4iO ua1 0 (0 1)
0 (33 l) Inaufdu~ daa bullbullbull Hal-chu 3 01 IIII
Iuufficiut dau 17 bullIll 0 (1 1 oc1 ) 400 uc1 (Oraanoll 0 (0 11 Ul1) 0 (46 ocl) 131 lfl 1 ua 1 2 4 bullell 111 ua l middot~su~c aa Cmiddot ( 0 11 ue lgt ~ Cll nc l) c (C s uc
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
middotHbull
EXHIBIT 4bull6 (Continubulld)
PA AMB l E~ r WATER QUALITY CRITERIA ( iiQC) FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH
iQC (ConcannampUcna Ul Parenthuas Correspond to 1idpoint of Riak iiampDJI ~or Potential Cuc i onns Onlv tJ
Aquauc Orauia ACJUted ~or ~ lAd Drinkinamp raur tater Only i
o 6 3 =aill I~middotKxbull o clJ at lgt a ~amiddotiCX au~ent cau aa ~ -o a~~en aa 7a~e -=-3 0 CL2 amp )
~uacya~ae~abull o6 uc l spc-=a l 2 bullIll shy so a 1 eeiCUJ 1111 1 ~Wlaa Inauttcuc dacaSUkel U 4 vlflSoaaaaebull 11 1 bullIll Suepll-la
middotbullnbullobullrta 34 111lla~uepbl o ua1~lc~a na-~ er aa 7ruauopbaol ~au~iant dna
~rcauau bullSonda~y aa o Cl nailgtbullSosocterae o ccs agt lbullSosDClimiddotbullbut)middotana o (6 4 natlgt middotSrosDCliduylamp~t 0 (4 9 ua1)bullSroaopyr-o1icia 0 (16 nlfl)
~ea~orapbtol 1 01 olfl ~1bull 3 5 01l~babu bullnbullra tae-~ylpbt~alau 313 bullIll rylpbtbampaa 350 bullamp11 Jb~ty lpbtha 1au 34 bullall ~Jmiddotlmiddotachrlhuyph~alau lS bullall
hycorinauc biphayll CPCh) 0 (0 019 nall 1ynlur amptCItic carbons 0 (1 1 na1)
PAta) htn-= ~ 1l gtbulln
c co~ ~ ~ 7ta t r bullnbullbull c rE lJ ) ~=- l amp middot
o cJl allgt 0 t - nampf ) au~azs- aa s-~iu aa o c ~ ral l ~~~ -a 1 l bullIll lO bullIll 10 bullIll Iuatictac c1auO 15 4 Il 19 1 01l
136 11 i O uampfl Itv~~~~eao aa Isv~au ~au
0 (1 nampJl 0 (01 bullIl l ) o (6 4 nal l 0 (7 0 ulfl) 0 (16 nal) 101 bullIll 3 l bullall
JlO bulla1 434 bullamp11 44 bull all 1 ma1 o 11 6 aa l) o (31 nl1)
10 ual middot ua o cooc a- 0 u ua ~ a -c l
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
-60shy
EXHIBIT 4middot6 (Continued)
EPA AMBIENT WATER OUAIITY C~ITER l (WO ) FOR PROTECT ION OF HUMAN HEA7H
~middotoc (Cancan-nics Pa-antu Ccrrupcu~ -e ~~f) o Jiak cabull
fer Pounta Cuns Alh a Aquatc Oraa~ses imiddotae r uu Orilkila bullmiddotau- ~ae O~r ~
Toluanebull 1 3 bullall =a 7oaanua c cc cat) 6 amp I) 7ilcronlylenebull o c -a ~~ middota --=c ~ --1 lortebull o c o ~all l middot 1 =~=- s =bull l craa ~ =1 middot a~e
I
J Tlae ~uero ampua uet 1 zuo for all pu-al ampi a ina fft all ~call ill tbl table The ~OD~UUICC ahe liU 1 pampICUIIU fl
uaUal ~lrcinoaazt~ crraJporaU to a riak of 1~ lo~ll I ~bull Gut~ of ta
r of 10bullJ co 10bull7 ampivee 1D waur quality e-u-i 11~--a 7 HU~i oacecrai=bull ccr-upoda tc r altl c c 5 ~bull middot+ oaa1 bull=-~~ ~~ c-lfICI by o o c=a cersa rr-u~ ail o
6i ~a middot rcec-uioa ahoulC be Cmiddotmiddotcied by 0
i ~ ampf-saci a-iamp c C~a middotae ~aur- middot bullbullrbull iaec roc pu~liabec DA IMieat water qualy criteria ~J WJpoundL ~7~-middotbull middot Sovbullbar 21 tiC) for coebined ah ud cinkamp lata- naas c c al inaanon amploae Tha adjunad valu11 an noc ofal EPA t en -aur ulitr crtariamp but U) be appropriate for Superfund ses ih ccaiae~ a-zut waur 1A tba derivacicm of tbasa velu11 intaka -amp1 auuee= = ba liers iCar for drinkinl wuer ampDel 6 5 artday for fish anc hue bodr -dae toU au-c middot ba 70 kiloar- Vtlv11 for bicconcartration fer carctti err arc ampccepamp~le deUy ~uke loamprt thou ~JUd or lampta ~amp1middot caa ~1elc~ent
l Sf Ctria Cuipampec u oaa l tt 11 aui c~ uta L~ e11
nat hWIIer laeltt efecs Helldmiddotaud ~omiddotnar ~-a y ea ae ala l bull for ~eu CI~C1Cils
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
i i ~
I bull
I-I I -
I I I f
middotfyen 11 I ~ I -
I -
t-I
i lrI I ~ I L
-I
-
I I l I I I
~ ~ I I I
middotmiddot f ~ I I I I I I I
s bull 1 I J
I 1 1 I I
--
bull
Ill
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
1
(J
I
iI
bull ~ f ~ I I I
bull
-
l
I
bull
I J I f f P
i J
l
lJ
-
t -II
I f I ~ ~ I I
I ~ ~ I I ~-
o bull
N
bull o
~
bull
f
j shy
f ~ i
~
-shyII
bull
i
ICF -
m
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
= ~
~ bull = ~ j
-middot bull
bull =
=
~ ~
bull = ~
I ~ r
=1
I fl i I I J - I I
I II II
I--
shy
I
Ifg q
1u 1 n I
lj
t
bullbull
middot
l
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
APPENDIX D 00-latiH ort~e~ee~ao~Th-llold llall Val_(I_)
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
DOCUMENTATION
OF THE
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
FOURTH EDITION middot
1980
AMEIICAN
CONFEIENa
OF
GOVONMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENim
INC
UIRARY WEIIIAII EJrllltErIG 611 Eat Main Street
( _ Hew VOIII 10140
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
----
J n-AMYL ACETATf
~ GlCOOCH j ~ nv szsr smubull
i timiddotNrM Klaquolfbull it I COklrlftliould Wlflt I bof1111 PQIIIf
o1 rcr c mHbullf po~m o1 - ror c Jplaquo~fic 1~raquowrv of
j am It 11) c tnalaquouw weifht of JD11 ampltd v~ preshySift ofbull mm H1 11 zoe C It 1ta bull doled cup 1-h POint of JQSbull FMid I ll lllfOfltliflott fMipiltlflft oi n4bull C it is flitty ~Ill tnftCibl wfllt Mcohoi 1tG It G pmdvcftJ bv fM fflMffafiOn of II lfcohol wtth ICftiCMKi
It It UMd u amp IOMnt lot lacQum and painq ampn1fk iAI MINt cemnt~ phoc-k mm nM potM flavonnt~ ~~~middot primint Mit tlnitniftt fAbrics 50Hent for~ in fluomcem IMnPJ
T1w - efftctt of the Jimct ~~phamptk ue narshy~ cOIIt ana imtauon ana All ~ It hiJMt concerurashy
- -AMYl ACETATf
CHCOOOI(CHJCH
nvm_(a-I _) _c-bull
IlK~ - ito~ coOfBI _ wid bull lftfld nonshy _ bull-ol~~ oiiUJlaquorC-~bullMflfl_I - SoKilfc 11Myen it 4111-o r c moshy Jlrt ~_ol 1 mmHfltJO-C W bull INifrifl _ oi middot1W f ndofM cup llah bullbull lr f It it ptOtJuotd by tlttt ftfWitfcM10n ol tlaquo-fmtf ~lnfi~K laquoJd
II ts WMG u bull tOMM lor nte~ lnd ethyl clu -middot MifiNI ceMuloid pradycu CU COAifd ~~--- flnitft lino6Nft Nil PafshyUc wood lbull ite IWnt and pMttnc ccwnpounds Mid--yen ~~middot found that JXD P9M CMMd And note krit-l bOn in middot pip and rwat~t~_ eoridtftt
5ftMh M-IA found IIW atl nNrW Ut WWftlledllshynifat tmvi cce tnollnlt aceuce the onnapM COftPOshynefM ) WU 11W 10 ttbullof Sltla fill Ill bulltlft l houn buc c1UMG no dulhl in iout houB Air uauraa weth n~_ M 111 C wou6d conlatn a~SD~ Jt
Althoutft c~ teudiel on the di- ito~Nr~ o4 anM ce~ate hayene not been nllde the IUbtKt flfeas o4 11middot1yent acetate and iiOiftlti ceate 1 tllntiat~ A nV ol 100ppm and a Sf(L of 150~ to~ irritation of the and retp~ncory pamp~~~ raxnshy-
Other recommenOactont USS it 20 ppm l19Qt CzadtoshyYovaail laquo1 ppm nbull
1 Kf tt c-CI wtCS_ uc - Nnllwli ~A- J Dt511U
2 Kf_ ~ J U) middot MUWKIl~ -middotmiddot at (incoofdiftMon in 90 uncon shy~ in IM haunlftiD _in_ haun The odor ol hal tn d tt~of -~ - middot- lO-CDUiftllll-n fWalllk ol ~ ftllllllcullr~- ~-middotThe-= - ~INn tlw prifNfv -shy
A nv 011121 PIIMo _ hWW ttwt bull _ --tt ~to inU6onol pa111p1 ltVft n ~ nn ibull tto-middot 1 fA YMt WI Sdww HH_ Pub HeMh -Pf -
J11 (19raquo) 1 _o n rlaquoltlnooofYoiSGMtwbull -ffNttftlp
254 OMmcai Nl6ilhiftl Co NY 119Jn 1 o--IHcSoMnttp 117 VM Nollland NY (19ll) 4 Ybull ~Wlo1 Aldl Ind HHidi ZIll (1-
ANIUNE
(JiNHt TlV 2 C _
sm s t raquoMII-t
AltiliM tl M oit liquid llllfidt I cwanemtlc odor craquoshyfWicfolit M J ppm It - I boiHfw point oi 11U4bull C o1 mMmiddot irlf P1JHW of -41bullC I ~WIIffhtol fJIZ lnd _
dllc~o1CilNM11rC TMoaplaquolt-C is u mMHt MWJ coilaquoJ cup lfah point If f Otv _ollltiHM~ in mt of wMer MWI if_ wtHt Mcotol ~ chlololotfn Mtd odW OIJMifC
MiNne it UMd dliefty in the cMmtcal induiUY wMN It -il me PIN 1ubtunce for COfiIPOIMdl indudiftt bull bull tllbbM ~ and lfttDidafMI dfuli pftoeo ~chefNcM itocyen ~-~~
()rccupMOfM Mlh poiiOnlnC Nit at OM time Nlashyliwtyen mnwnon ACUte irMcatiOII due to me fofMICioft of ~n and retuitins 1n CMOIII aM ~
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
--
--
bull dUih from IIOiWII~amptiOn his been tlle mDiliiWOUeftl conshy =-~oe~ e -cr n~- -men c middotvh~~ tt-~e eiftas ue due sotetv to nwtnemotiObtn I011N1Uon nn bien disputed howwftbull1JI In at lelll one i1tai liver cinftoltl ind amptrophy weft tIJI 0uontc POIIOfUOI
wttti pnmantv c~ MfYOUl t$em 1vmptomt 1u bMrt rtJM)ned but other IUltOfmn denv the flUtetnce of chroruc 1ruline pottontnaIWThe r-poned LO oraUv in rats wu440mllmiddot
t+tndenon and Ha cited dllamp auuntinlthat 7 to Sl Ptraquom o4 antline vapor cause slifht mnptoms aft MWfli
nouts ~ Conctn1tlt10M tn actU ol100 to 160 ppm cauM Mrious dittwblncft it inhaled for one how~
Oblaquoltt and co-woriltn_ txpoMd MYMII sptelft of antmiddot INb 10 5 ppm of antliM Yamppor dlitv fOf Ill monthl and found no effects otMf tlln 1 tltlilht tncrtase methemOshyaklbin in the blood of rau HatOy notes thac nwtMmotloshybiMtMI from _ iUCh bullbull aniline it n inlidtoul and noc u pro6onfld 11 wMn aUMd by nitro c~ncftJH
Oulkiewfall found lkin 1biorpc10n Of 1nilint ~~~ IPmiddot PfOIUrNtetv ~to MllofDIIOft from in~ton _ DJOshy
PGMd )5 II 1M INlUmal amp16ow cUitv doteCOffemiddot ~ina to nootUN to about 1 ppm tor 1n bullbulltht hour dlv umbullldniOft
The PfeIOUI fLVof 5 ppniWISI~IIvderived from the GIU Clltd bv ~Mid HO AecGtlftl trw It IKe v- 5 ppm pnMdM pqctQty no marmiddot
bull ANISIDINE
NHCHOCH
nV01 c-u_ Onho-bullnttidiM 11 1 teddilh laquo~Ish oil whiCh lraquoshy
conwt btownttlt on nPOnMr to ampW loOUtbulllf with stHm It lvt I tPlaquoIfic tmfV of 1017 It 1fr C I mo1tKtJ1M we1nt ot 121 bull ~ ptMtW of usmiddot c bull lltllfinr poi of sbull c MttJbull~ot~a1mmHtbullt1lrC1tiltoluble in fHtufbull m~ ldd ampkohOI Mtd fthttr 1ttd llitlv tolumiddot in Wlf
middotlltilidi _ 11 1 UMd CtISflllifM mau Cllt shyIIMizint poittf J7Zbull C min Ofk mty i1 1019 (JJIJJbull Q 1 c-d cup lfiJh polltl ol Jbull C lltd bull DoiH polnf o1 urc 1r to4utW mmiddot~ bullnd ftttet tlithtlv ~inwM-
loth orthO Md par~ formt 1 UMG as an incennedtatbull for uo ctyws and the onho form 1or auaYcot
Anhidfne (_liM lminoanftOM) IN be lbshytorbed throuth the tkin z ampnd fedotolalll ttudted kl tffkt1 011 ftlim II CGnCW~CrllioM of ~)0 fnlm lot MO houra dlifyen 1ia dew I At me end of one month bull dilcNue m ttw aatlbilltv of MfWI wu noted QuonM intalte~tion IMnlil Md retteutomo~K IIIPUNd foUowshylnt 12 montM MYdyen Theor recommetlded 1 muimll conshycentratOI of 1 fiWml for the~ of wotHrL
haert ft flllconduaed 111udvc~ lirconcwft-shyIIICtoftt wtth phylio6ofic _ Wortunen eiiPOMd to
I of ufecv This is confinnld to SOIM _ bV tM teuct Obeftr tn vbullew of Outllul mote recm wont
lowwnmii ii WIampIftled ForttwreampIOfllnoledampbow ~theNttN~
sec ttNt flV lor ampnlliM somewMI ampbow thM lor nM~ zene A nv of 2 pewn ampnd 1 STIL of 5 ppm PfDPOMt provtded ampblofptiOft throuan the skin bv contKC w11h lie
uldispreoenttcl
t Lt ltrdufiMI TCMicootolr-W 6 WWkiN W -- MOll 1 ~~_HU~rGIIiallkw Wbull
SdeMII C ACtiOn (1971l
1 ~LJNUL~u~IJDl1tl
v-~w~ nAIIIINlC_NilNClaquo Their TCIIIiliW W PoMMtlll DlflllrL UJ s-a Nol7111M1J
S ALHA ~Gwilfniltttt~SI
L wct_9tl pbull ~ampCo NIII
1 ~~Y~~)---c-wa lei
L -lo fW HMMII LL c---~ Nrlt ltwt HHII 111791181bull Thlt - ~Mns-t~t~Laa f11U
0
llitconcentrampuomof t 9fnllm1 for lmiddot112houndw sia months dewkJped no 1twm1a or chronic poilonbullbull TMrw were ~101M compilints of hiNilche bull nito from tM wortJMn and i~~ and tnettmoctobin and the freQUent occunence ol He
lincftinampPIConbicMoaicmoftiloriftloiiiDIN -nitro and ampmtno compounds ~ 1 nv ol ppm for 1nilidiMSil biNd ~ on the urin TlV dttiIMd 10 pmoent eyanoNs
The wide dbmplncy between thh ~shyand the aGopced nv of 01 ppm durbiftl Sira 1M ppm limit K bated on diNa eotNIMkln ol ftlinitMIIC effects with mHMnd ampir~IIOIN it Milbull to rwtlin it unlftland uncillddit~ diU In hbull LinChs conckllioM forthccJmtnl
11M Sovie-t l imn 1 ~
1 ZGH_WJI fotlrlft Aoa~CiltAshymv ~fl~~
1 _LtAINdtMamp 1 uu- lfloWAaae I-Ji-(19741
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
N NAPHTHA
S RUIIII SOIVINT
NAPHTHAlfNE
CH
nv10 ( 51---l nn 11 c 7S
ftMplt~ OCCUff commonlv bullbull whitbull liM wltidt Nw bull coaltM odol It bull moittcul1r ~ oi Jamp Mtd bull JPlaquoJfic lfVffV of 114sect It fllltHI lf1lbullc bot~~-1f1bullbullcMWJbull IMKJtINftfUIW 2sbullc ofbullGOtOII~0c1mmHJ rMCIIfICIH)qlhDCHnt iJ 111bull F IIJIII aoG CUQ tf 190 f lrtiOi~ tn wbulltbull 1 diSbull folvfl mo11 OfllmC sonms
01IISiine ltWint houMftokt UM I month teientitk U tn ICinlitampMion countM U it an raw lor the mMUIKIIn o4 phttllic
_it or its deriwMMI emmiddot -middot-middot--middot ift lullricanct tIMinllllflll and AcCafdiftiiO flurv lftli Ztmit~lftd lauv me inhaiamiddot
tiontM_w-cae- IOIIofapshyClltiaiNUrilfl Md lhe (Ofbull
lftd in addiUon k diNit hiW at1o bMn _a Ghent atld ~middot~- opecitiet of the lens 1 ol21 WCifllen wno had bMn eiiPQIMd to naphthalmiddot ne ror llboul _ vun lllllton of MPNMiene rtlamiddot ~~ ~bull 111 ~aloded hemomiddot lvtK IMmll lnd hemcJtobinutlampl A tlyptfMit(tf)tlbtlitv PftJbv -nMolty bald is fWICOinlndltl
nOfW LO lOt rMt it 1710 lfkabull It was UMd as an whelmtntic for manv at dole -ts IOf Mi~s of 01 to 05 pam tMM ti 1 dlytl MYetal timet h ither than the lowett ftPC)tCtd lethal dote for man of 50 tftlka An inct in whktl blriett combullinint nacWMhl-ne caUMd acute hemcMvtk bullffecu ift infants in some cun fatll hat been dncnbedbull
lbulltv sued 25 ppm u 1 tentatrve limit fof naphthllmiddot en tampOOf in aW He naNd thlt ttlis cOfT9SPC)ndl to 1 iltwlmiddot liOn INtt$UN of IPPIOIUmawty 25 atlSbull C Thh tllue hiS been used at the lot Alamos llbofatorift Kcordina to
Hyatt tond MiUipn Robbintbulllll now repontd that
concentrtotlont ucas of about 15 ppm rftUIIlaquolt notiUmiddot IDle bullmtauon of the
Gefamptolltaho tutd 25_ppm It I IMWNI lmit nouna tnat rltOfftefttt 25 01 the concentr1uon 01 N bull phthlleM YIOOI tn Ill HIUfllltO U 25bull (
tn VIew oi dw IKI thlt lfmauon It~ It 15 ppm and that conunueci ~ rNY mull in tenmiddot
ca eye effects 1 limk lower thin 25 Dill woukl -n Ofdef Phevalueol10ppm nv and 1S ppm STIL-twemiddot ~~o~ocuAattffKts bul_nat blooddllfttillirl~ middot
Odler w Gennlny 10 pptll Elll GenNnyen and USSI 4 ppm
1 _f _ft~C p ZIO t llftln -itttll
1 _ fAIIftdullrM ~- 6 TOIIcooDfr vot tt p iiO t~ NYI1
1 Gillamp C M1N11i 11 Md d 1bull-o 41Ul111 4 ZU WW - 11 AMA 141115 11 s HLI-T Mn frw 641111 (1ll
- IY o1 TcK lffKn ol a-tal~ lltm
7 bull _ _ AMc1 Hflieftlc Cuidll ~ (lti1)
1 VT ~SAf-P hdlH041ltUI Ot Oinref 7
t LC~MIAm Ind HtoWAJMt Q l~shy(1ftl)
MC wtL 1tttt Hgtft 6 cacnt MMJ ~IS(tts11
11 eNL HW TOlaquoCCOIP6 I~ ol NoNfc ~ ~ pl)O DMY- Co NY (1bull bull
bull
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
NITROBENZENE
middot ~~1
Ibull nY1 ppm( bull 5 lftiMI)
STtLlpptn( bull101flft))
A colorus to rtlow 01r iqutd nrtroMtnne tus bull mollaquour Wteftll of Jll f1 o~nd bull JPlaquoIfic ItlVI tv or 1205 bullbull 15bull C It ns bull boflittf pomt oi11QampSbull C bullno 1 m~11n1 pomt ol 6bull C lnJP~tbull of irs hilh cloHO cuD tllsh pomt of 19[)- F it IWMftfl I comicNr1bM fitW huM1 111e lower tMI)Ic)sl~ litnJI lit llf it Jft bv IIOJIJIM It it fllfhiiV soluble wer mrtctbM wrth nt01t OIJbullmc sotvnu
11 il uloid 11 itttennediale tht l)feplrampIIOII olantmiddot tine benzidine 1nd ocher chemicals in not bullnd mecampl polithft lldasbulltotvnt
AcCOtchnt 10 FlirfW 111 PQIIOIUtll by ftll~leM II ptoblblv more common 1han ltMflllv re1hzed lllhoufh moll castt are mtld The Pfltnllyen- ~feet of niUobentene 11 COnvtntOn Ol hemotfObln 10 mttMmoikraquotJin In IUbmiddotKute bull M chronbullc iorrM oi PC)Itontnf IMmtl 11 he letdtnJ 1e1middot middoture 01 he chntnl OICturt but ottlflsvmPtoms sucn u bulllaquoltifO htiCIKhe lnCI YOmUtlf hre been IIOIcflll
HMIIInOn and ~- poned thai 20) oPm illhe mwrrun cOfteencrauon tNt can be inkaied fer one hour Wllhollt MnOUI ditlurblnce and 1 to S ppm is COMideted lewtllaquodlityen
_ and ltiOCialell found conc~~ntraiom of nitroshytnun _ ppm in 1 piltM INIIi nicroaroshymauc c~ TheN ~ no inccaicllion althoulh one or cwo c of helalcht or ni10 pond blmmacon of Che btood rftHMI WNilllnOampInU olhmiddot ~ llld ~nand somt ~z bodies ~IOUIIt COfAnlrlliOM Of Mlrfv aG ppm retuCed in in IG~Kauon ol wortten
Saimowa and co middotworkr~~tt studid che excuon oi omiddot n1tr00fttnol bv nltfobenzene wortten and etciNIItltl 11e daclyen abtorouon ol Mrobtnz- co be 10 mt or leu Thev consO l5 1cUv to be tnt mwmum allowable conmiddot cenuauon Controtl were expotld at 1 to 6 ppm and no Ill tffeclfwerfeJ)Orlecl
p-NITROCHLOROIENZENE N0 1CHO nvos-t llml)
p-NH~NM ebullltft II veHowftll Crntlll Wltll a JWftf odot wnidt tiiW bull moMcuiM ltWInt en JS1S6 and a ~~~laquobullfie JfiWIY oiJDl Tlteir inl pom1 11 IJbull C and bollinl po~nt ol eM liquid il]4lbull C The ~ coMo
10
0 PiouowWa uumaceclthat 1f a wonter weft expowci all
datat cne TLV of 1 ppm IPIfOIIImaltll 25 m1 of nitrobenmiddot une would be aoiOfOtd ol wtt1ch about onemiddotthird woulc be bv skbulln ablorouon cne ~1ncler bt inhalation
linch rKommencied that the TlV of nitrobenzene bt rllsed on he bam of the iact that Ill NUflllfV anY demiddot nved from leyentil oi mtt~boliles atiOCIIttd with the occur renee of cvanos11 wu hilher than chat of ancline Thf same lim1t u for aniline then 5 ppm Wll ptOPOMcl b Linch
NeYenhelflbull both cne cvanopnilt ltiCI anemiapniC oo ltnllampls oi nurobenzene were liteM 11 consldetabtv ctan 1~ of an1line en laet the overall ootenllal lor pro dKcn1 the fiooo elltcn wu HConcl onlt to that oi dini uobenlfllaquo amon1 cne thlrtten substances alultto
It bullbull recommoeo 11111 tM TLV obull 1 oom be ret11Mclfo nctroonzene A STEl Ol 2 ppm It tUUHiecl
Other recornrnenoauons Cook (194SI S ppm Smtlr (1956) Elkins t195911 ppm USSI 11967106 ppm Cltcho Wovampkiamp (1969) 1 ppn Wlllt Gennanv 1974) Euc German (1 97l) ampnd SwMen 11975) abo 1 ppm
0 1 LT1 r~p lQJ W_6Wllllnbull -- MDI1tm l ~~~ -N~lftll
1 __ ttWo~_IOIIICPlllbiMOI
Cofo NV (194)1 4 10M LIIUfltL ~At(tlltlfl l-fNifllll1(1951
1 w-e- 1 __ ~ _ Ul Int Ind MlaquoJ lflbull i1tUI
ta lbid lt60119671 7 1JM1t AL Ant rtd Hyf AUOC j JJQi 11971)
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
MANGANESE TflROXIDE
Compounq MlniMMfu bullbull MilIIIC nv1 m Sltl J 1lftl
Mlllfl~ ffOMHN IJ I brownbulllhmiddotbltck DOWOt Wrth I molfCUIIf W~Jht of 11119 lnd I JDlaquoIfic JfloltV Of 4615 The nwiFitlf pomt II IJ6fbull C 1 II 1nfltMutJM Ill -Iff JOiubull ~ 1ft hWUopn ChlorfW Willi tVOiutlon Ot chlonM
f~npnne fume amptMtattd in the pour~ns and Cllllnl 01 molten ferromampnpMM WH IOUnd 10 bl illfltiV NIIJIMM lfiiiOIUcraquo bY XmiddotII V d ifftKUon lnll11111 Fumt ltnttamptto wtwnrter manpnne o~tldtt he1ted stronatv bullnatr isMntObull
Pneumonu11 bullnd stmll PUhnon~rv effecu Wfle repon td bv Rutsbullampn worilenbull from lntrllltampChelllv wsper~sbullons ot MnO MnO Wir() 1nd MnJ() of PfRrcle IIJH lest Utln k voun1 r~ts lmoocunt 1Dditlon11 ihWIinJs wre lhltlhe IIIJM OlfdiH Wtte motf IOMIC ampnd ltelet IOIIICIIY
ebullnbullbttto bv lfflntv PlfOirto obullbulldft Ulan tnote tloreo
Whulocll ~~ ~to two cbullws oi manpnew rume cottornnamp wer piM4 ~ucHt 1ndtuted conurmauons bemiddot tNien 27 lnd 47 m11m vvtlitiNtl and 8ranotrh conSidmiddot ct ttwtr ampn~Mts dalll i~e 1nd retKWIed no trouble II S lml ~h _ MfM dwriftl aWUOVperiod o41957to 19H in 1
~ llell sManr ~ fM can of chrotMc bulln n woraer nw of tht fi u a 110M IIIIPOWe to~ fUIIIft and two o4 tht c-~ fromtof~dult Twoof the ttvM wortcrt a 10 had arktd bulln tle Pll Ciltl ~atbullon iii)OUrwn wnrt theu I~gtWIP concentr1t10n was ft4tmattd to be Ill mtJml for 1 oenod of five Yeirt The ~~ of manpnrsm 1n tte third mdivtdual ~tnt rn an wheN tliPOSUre tO funwt trom a oounn1 o-ratron bulln wtuch the manpnete 111 concentrltrons were ltifi than I m11ml IUIIfltS the po~llbilitv of ~eJMtbilitv o4 cetuun tndividuals mmiddot umuch u othen 1n mar positiOns and etq)OMd to conmiddot
MEICUIY
AltIMfCUfY~uflaquoltor~t~ bullnm dwln middot~ 1004atlle lloutds sue1t bullbull diMfn INITtHV bullbullCJ Mttl dilaquoltM memHV t lraquop IW O ~nd manv c wlft wiHdt ue usuaUv fltNith
MeltM IMfCUnc ICetite CVMide and iodide lnd etlw+ metCUnC acetate chtanae and QftolpNce bullmons 01nr haw found 1M incNtU1 Of asnculturw The mott commiddot
c~trattons rn the r1npot 1 to J6 Im~ no iltlt of anvaCJvefMt~fects
i he otilttf twu ilmPio~ bulldverselv 1ifKtecl woned in 1 ferrormnpnese crushint ana Krftntnt operitton wnte conctnlfitiOnl Wlfl in the-nerlhbomood of JO to 50 mt~ml duttnt mote of the penod of the ttlldv AlthouJh otllett wonttnt bulln the ume OpetampUons werei)IOblbtv lets upgsed than the two worttet1 1dvenefv alfectea theY must have bHfl exDOMd to concentratrons c~ablv 1bove the levet of S rft11m1 fOf an utended penod of timebullbullbull
Apan bv Mlf1ontk of MESA11i al10 tndicat the 1_11bull ff tobullICIIV oi the fumtbull This ref)Oft mow that an ellPObull ture to a manpnne fume conctntrauom o4 75 mJiml at bull weklint operation uS~nt hiJh manpnne eteanc itc wa1 tHPOmtble for atleatt one cHfinile cue of manpnne pottontnt ind one f)OIIIbtt caM in a penod of two VUil
~ttv tvmPComt appeared 1ftet ontv sia mPntM n middot QCKUte tntMfitll
Acute antfNI tOIICiiV data bv VlltOUI routft and chroniC manpnete pgisorunt a delcrtbed unoef tM ~
ao==t~~ 10 be litta doubc that manpnese fumn are leMrltlv nON hUaiOOIJI than IQutvalent conctnttillonl oi mampn~ftese contamtnl dull thvl rtQUIItnl 1 more resmcuve hmu A TLV or 1 tnt MftJml for MnO ind the fuiMI from~ 10 be appropriampfe Jl 1M to prOYtde prabullcuon AlAI _~llaquots ASTUoflmtMnmlit~il
needed to up ampII concbullnuationl within tfte nv
t NLIPMOfltiC~IOfttOnVltOiflllllllll - lU ALlPMONI~tOnYC
ttnl J _IJril lCI Ci1iiiN 1s-t ID 119H) Ibbull
Mrta tn Ind~ Oifftf lffMI (19551 WIIMid CM ~ u Am lrtd Hvf
Aoc Z145411M J ww-oNL AOIItHd bull D 4st 6 _ LJ LC ~ NL oplo~IOM 1St01
(1t7JI 1 bull _JIo~ leoon to TlYConwmt _(1f7il
mon u of alkvt mercurv compounds 11 u Med d ilinfecmiddot lampnt l for funttCktel
AHtvt metCItf compounds Pill throufh the blood bri in barrier ind the ptcenca verv r1Pidlv tn contrut 10 inotmiddot pnic INICUfV comppundl Mator tarpt orpn1 the ceftlllli ind penphftal netVOUI S(lteml lnd the kidMo( Methvl rnercun one of the mosc hatampldous of the ltltvt compOunch becauM of en difflcuiiV of elimtlllllnl tt from the badv 1nd beclute other forms of rnerucrv tn che etMmiddot ronmen1 are trinlformed to ~twt rnemHftbulll The autr compound it the onlyen prowd chemtCII other han a drut that cau drteloomtMtil efftcll tn man and his oone so ttwouttltll concenuauon the food cllltn~n
lecenf 11udies w1th mtCe and rail revelled orpno metmiddot
ew~~h to f)IOdampKe 11$110middot pancreomiddot heplto- cant(o 1nd ampOftAdOIOIIC eifectl fhe tmmunocompetent Wltem of the
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
Jnlln~ll WU tnVOIWd tn the PitnolotICII DIOCHI II well U
tne enoocnne tvstem 1na tne CNII
Hill rePOned two dtathl rnumnt Hom tnree montnsmiddot ebullPOSUrt to diethvllltfturv 11 ncun~tea concentr~ouon ol 1 mvmbullbull HocHI laquo 111lto descnbrld 1 litil c~ose of bulllkvl ~urv POttoruniJtmiddot Manv stnoul tll~te~IH have retulted rom 1nanuon oi fooo contlln1Nied wttn ilkyen1 mercurv co mi)C)IIncu
I Ahlmaril tw on he bi of Swedtlh bullnduSHIII eltPtftmiddot ence tugetted 1n 1941 1 limn of 001 mtJm In 1949 Lunaaren bullnG Swenuonbull1l uatiO that conctntrlttom ilucmiddot cuatt to widelv that onlY 1 conuntJOUI INtvsls which demiddot teltttd impon1n1 peilu coukt bt conlldtred reli1blt inGli on thlf bi1 thttv dki not recommend MAC Tr1khttnmiddot beftMin 1950 ~lid 1lt mtce dild Wtthin tnrte 10 five noun 11 10 to lO of otpntc menurr ind tmphed that even oooxn COUld not be toiet1ted bv humans on 1 conunutnt blltl A llttt 11udv b( OinrNM et 1JIfl In whtch P~omcullr eve w1111ktn to obUin Kcurltt ltr conmiddot cen tratiOnl 01 mlaquocurv li iled to rtwll 1nv constMent K UII svmptomt of mlaquocurr PQttontnt 11 mercurv ~o~r conmiddot centrauons Detwetfl 001 ina 01 mt HtJm On occu~on
MfCUrY Ieveii e~CNOed lhtl rJnp bv I Conlldefible m~ounr tor bt1ti oettOGI
liMO uoon tne Mefttv or tnt C~S eriec11 trom i0$0tomiddot tgton ot ilkvilllttturv compounos 1 TLVot 001 mt Ht inci
bull STEl 01 00) m1 H11m1 lie recommenoed to protect orlutrs hUO~ on bull cont1nun1 OUtl to these commiddot
pounos Q Other recommendiuons hN Cenylnv reooneolv h11 i
hmtt of OOS m11 m Othlaquo countrtes hive ttntrlllv idOPImiddot ed the 001 mll ml nv
RtieNMHl
1 TOMICOielfi- rM ~M Sc~ 01 foitcwtl p 415 loutt I CUifllt 1oM Oolllt [cb Mlcmlllln blititl Co Inc NY ctmt
1 WilMA J~ FH hoc J6tJ=16W-170li1977)
] ~- GJUL _ 11 Vftlll AUd Mlaquolt NM Wit 12middot 28(197n
4 HIIW Glll lfublic HNllt Jlaquo151(1JI
S HeekO ~lOS---Ai VCII Ittd t+ffNtlll
26l C19551 ADilract tn AC MM SciiiCI 15Q1l1 (1 9541 ~AJIIrlf IJM Mlaquot ltl0 i1MI
7 ~l(J)S AI IttdH ~r J11901194tl
L Jr LM rvbWWd 111 HYftlaquoW ~ 1MIIfbullIOn Rllftla tt MOI AMIIK IH Ill Qlr~ICI AbttKII _ 1016ltl 09SO
t --- 10 h- IL Uftril AL Ncn 1110 HHiftl 112i)
MEICUIY HI
All_ teeMmiddot Sltt
llYoaiRIIW-~Y__bullc_ snl o1s llml-~ v
fl met(UV II I lveV hbullbullvv ioultJ~ odoriHS
middot n surrbullce r-siOn 1tom~e ttutntlef 80 lfomiC ~~1111 JOOJ9 itt GtouP 111 of tM PINOdic til It lis bull f(llaquollic ffIVIV Of 1JS9 bull (fWZIIf poHII of-JampaSbull CMtd
bo4linf ol J$66bull c ~~ nbullc flO ptWUW is 00011 mm middot~IHY is not distolvM bv HO 01 bullbullmbull~r Kwh but IS bull11KJrfd br H1101 1nd hof Conattlrllfd H1S0bull II 11 bullntoluOe 111 wMM lnd orpiiiC solvenJ but diuolwlto JotN Hftnf in lipids
In nwteutOUJ c~ mttCWY unNbullIlaquott IIWImiddot CYr~t compounds bWitnt Wbulltlaquo toluble Ull bullnclude both ~bullnd nwrcunc dtlotbulltbull cynlde chloride bullncl KHite fw OJtldft IUH11 ~nd most OfNr common uHs llldudltlf IMKurOUI dtlclrIltM (CilofMI I most JPMmiddot lltfly solutH or dilcompoMd in WIIW T VIIY in 1 PH~bullnce irom colorlfts Clffflll to lftlow rtd touJe 11Mmiddot fbulld bullodtdel Utd brown or blact sulfide
leltbulluw of its untqUt ptOpentn 11 the ontr eiemenll ~metll~t~ampW~Itv found in the ltQuiCI Mite mtKIfV t11 tniiW uMS tn thtnnomecers bltometen mlnomt(en electrtCII inscrumenu CIH viCX)f 1nd fiUOffteent Imps ~~Nttunl celk for caustC sodi ind chlottne pm ductton tnotelt CUIIftl- il hill bMn emotoved tn botlbull en 1nc1 turbines for the ltMfltton oi flectncttv
Compounds of menwv ~ 11 fUfllkidM IN ~iwl in dry ctts u c~cMrbull 1nd Diplerws 1n 0 rftlditIM MMn1rY fulmiM~e CHI(CNObl it In tPOftlltl dltonMor of htp IICIIoeives metCunc nil rite wbull fonnerlv widMY t In the fNrIUiKlUN of fur felt hlu ~ mercurv is rtCM hlthtr IOiric 11 an acuce POtmiddot
10n 1llhouth inttaAMion of hlth conRntrlliom of rnrcurv v for rNtivetv ~~ penodt un uuw pneumonttf bronchilil Chell Pilnl dvlpnei and C0Uihtntbull11U ~if Slon111111 IIIIIVIIis wlivlttOn ind d iirrnta Rbb111 ~ stflOUIIV POisoned bv four hOur elloosurn at 29 fnllmJ Ol menUJV VIPQr an Hlefttailyen WIUIItcl ilmQbull
The IOIJb6e mercuric IIIII such II he bkhlottde II weN u menuric olride ir h i1hlv PQIIOnOUS on inlftiiOn with orbullILDbullbull of 20 10 60 mlkt Mercuroul compounds iN leH IOIIC bv Ofll idminittfiiiOft due prtIUINbtv IO he fonNtion of tp~rtnamptY toluble mtfCltOUI ctdoride in 1ht ttomiCh The or1i lO ol HarCl lor the Ill II 210 fftlkl but hu~n~on deathl hlyen1 lftlllted from much ~ dolltmiddot
Aattt npowre to menurv compoundt iC hltft leyeneh UUMI I VanlV of tufJOintetttNII IYmploml lftd 1nUrt1 wtth u-mtl li~ don occupaliOIII lliPQIUIe
leKI to KUte OOitonlnt h~ ind the clintealtvmpmiddot toms lor chrontc mercunbulllism 1re Qu11e diff~t The mott fNQWntiY obMryened sitns bullnd sytfii)(OtM bullnvoive the cenmiddot tfU neryenOUI IVIIenl Wilh tremor ind yen1nout ~Ymiddot
=-~==~f~~~~~~~~m~ J itm ind beliewd tt11 tl il uMfUI ~~ i diilfOIIC ltd In a 11Wv of emptoyfts the chloftneproduclnl tndultrv n middot posed to mtteurv Smtth 1- coniirmeo che bullppewAnCe of ~~ u i IVIIIPiom of eiriv mercunililm 1ncl 1110
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
r
_~~~ten 11 ce 1r c~~1~nc~il wetJt cs wu reoortta bv lhe exiOMG wor~~en to o1 sbullantiiColnl aeshyaree NliUrootVCh~IOC Cholnampn 1110 IOOeolretl 10 be felolleG to the o~rnount o4 menurv o1blorol0 In conuo~M 10 tnotColmiddot ttont holt CWOtemuna and evn 1n rare Cllolt o1 ntQnroUc wndmme m1v be 1 ltlture of chrontc mMCUrllhtm IOI
Smuh tlol~ll fftKWttG no tv1dtnet wno~tsoever 01 orotetnushyrtl or lr1dnev damalt
Goldwolterbulllll In I lhotoulh diKUSSIOn olthe Pfe10ll TLV nottcl holt the OtlltNI ltudv periorrned bv Nealt111 hKI m~nv thoncominp in the lilhl of todlvs lrnow~laquotae o1nd ttehno+op Ht- conclttded bv qwcbullnl the tliletnenl thlt NCHI of fMfCIINiitm occund If 1-POMHft of 10 I r 10 mJ MIG in o1U hi~~ IIOUPJ Coldwlmiddot
tlf funher Nlted tllis if rrue the uw ol 01 mpmJ 11
ceno~rnlv not PtOPlaquo srnct If would o~llow ior no fwor or wflv
svto11 Nudift iiWOMnt 1M _ion betWMn Itt con shyCtnUIIIont and incidtnct of chmote mercurv POtSOfllnJ tullflttllt~n IOfM cawt 01 mt~m it an adr~Qwte TLV whlfeu OtMft l ind OCCaiiONI Cuel oil lnMf VIIIJnbulll-ltt followbullnbull 1 Nudv in tM cttlolbullne bullndusuvoW +t wu conCiudmiddot rd tn Jeflerll tNt tlDOSUrt 11 01 m11m proauceo no Colnl bullncldenct but Hloll the 01 mJJm TLV conshyl oltnta lmlt or no o i uittv
In 1961 tnltlfnlhOIW comnnnbull 1fter rfttewllll the rndenct bNnftl on the MAC for VIIIOUt fonnt of mercushyry deeidlclto ~ diffeNm llmitt for rnenurr YIOOI incwprMC rnernrv ub lftd cwn CllrpiMc mercurv comshypounds the llkyt mtiWIV compouncKI The Cornshy_ cOMidlrtrd thit recommtndltion lld concluded iNt lhk divilion ol INfCUIV ComcraquogtUndd WU lotCal bimiddot denct was cited whictl IUIIIII lhM the difftenl forms of lfCUN ablofbM and tneUibcltiztd in d lntnl fo~tnmiddot ioMbullmiddotbull For practic tHIOM ~ 1 Ji TLV of 005 ms1mt It Ht Will~ In 1911 for 111 formt or mtrcurv other tholn th11lkvl Comi)C)UndtFIt The hbulllhtr 1tm11 01 mJ Htlfnl WolltecOftlmtnded 1n 1910 formtreumiddot rv comDOIInds onlY
IOSH 1n cnttnl documem for lnofPniC mercutv followea 1he emtr rtCOmmtndllion and concluded thlt the stolndolrd shoutd be 11 6euc u low o11 OOS mJJmtll AccordinltO NKgtSH fttthltln ro~~htr than lremof may be the most chbullacttrittic sympcom of dlronbullc tnefeunalitm Turrbullon laquo 11 for aMIIPitt found erethism mort prevo~ltnt lll1ltn wortltrt hPOMd 11 1bovt OOS matm than ~mona thott wilh ~ npoiUfft 1ft) Tremof on the other hind wo11 obMnotd in about 201 of the wortcen tn bolh arouosbullut
In tlludv of 7S IIIIIOrilen bulln Ktenltfic lllftwl mo~nuiacshyturinamp plantt Orutpt and los~~ektUI found meta~rv v1por concentroiiiOftl typialty btHwetn 005 1nd01 1ml wtth o1 few ti1Jhttv hip (lo017) olftd ~(to 0021 Onlv one woriler thawed obilciJYt t~ wttite tb reponed tuffershy1 from 1ntomnto1 UPQfl ftltnlnUbullon 59 tubtects were found to be myope The tbullanbullfkampnct of thit findin1 wu ~ dttermuwd bul tht lht lnOIC frtQUentlv r~ea Stlfl dermoampflphnm in 12 wottcen was c~ to haw httlt tf Inyen sipificanct
4cGill oil found flltfCUrY Ylpor levfis JenefliiV btmiddot
Ccntcl o~na Soii~PNn n 1 iuav oi mercul mtnet 1na fllln1nbull pt1nu1 IIOitO tremor tn onlY J of 22 wontenbull 111 01 wnom were e~XKtO 11 concentrIIIOm well 1boYt 01 mJJmbull Sore JUml loolt Ieeth ~ lolliVIIIOrt Wtft oblefvtd 1n S of 11 wortten e~OOHCI 1ti1Ytlt o~bow01 tft11ml 1nd none or 11 wtlh leuer etoosum TheY concluded thlttne 01 m1nnbull fLV then bulln e1iec1 contnt no niOfW 1
uibulltv rctor oi rwo Scopiord laquo bull found thlt much hither exposum to
fMKUfV Vlpot ~ Obtoltntd by penonamp to~mplinJ dtmiddot viCH t0016 to0617 m111nll thin bv I tel llmcMinJ tOcDI to ooampa mJJmll ThtM dtfftftncet 1ave beoln o~unbuttd bulln PIR to m-curv CQnlltniNIIIOn of clothins which molY CIUM IIJnlfiCant tliQOIUolftlfWOflt houtttln
It mampY be fo1irlv ~ thole the current standatd of OOS tft~~tnl boiled Staeiv on etM~Ii PiinJ IS 100
Mnn1en1 to oiPPtY whtn pmonal llrncMins of1tn emd to u mtiWIenwni of mtaotnYttOnmtftUII eJPOIUN uMG in thetr 1boVe noltd Mud Stopiord ft 11 found no eYidtnct ot sbullnlbullvbulltbullt tremor ertchitm or alltfltc reacuon 10 menutv on l)ttVtiCII tllltntnlllon Often worten 1alf oi whOm had ntaotnvbullronmtntll bull~POWffl between OOS
mdOJmt Bell fll m determtnelti the tltiO 01 ut1no1rv rnercutv
bulln m11l iOiU$1td 10 102 MN(IIIC IIIVItV tO the miCtoenVImiddot rotlnwftllf EllPOIU 10 mtf(UI VIOOf in lftlltnl 10 bt olbouc 11 in 1111 of flilhl cues Thit r1t10 hold bMn reponed to bt 2J trr Smith flf 11bull 1nd 2S to JO by Elkins r 11olbou1 2S ~ whtn INitnVitoNMnt ~ of YaPOt were tNdt nclusiYttv~
Stopford found the blood IMfCWV concencraton conmiddot sponoins to 01 Im microenvtronmtnltll to be 26 ~ in contrail to the 6 ~ td bv Smidt for the wne mterotnYifonmtnttl concenuauon of miKUIY Ylbull
On tnt other hind in the remolintniiWO of Wt bull~ Collet tolUOl of UfiNIIV tO llmcnotllfiC tntfCUfV of 28 olnd 47 wert found tnd Stopiords doltl on tOfoll UllnolfV menushyrv 11 tht 01 tn~~m ltmotQfteltC mbullcroerwtronmtntll e~ooshy
sure 1-1 IJtHd w+lh thoM oi Smbullth 1nd wert not areattY dillerer1t irom the wch eolriitf i1ndinp oi Elkint flf 11
It it notewonhy holt tome of the hiJhett reooi1ed Utimiddot
nvo (8 millI and atrnotCJhtnc (l matm11mercurvconcenmiddot tratiom wlaquot from mercurv drr cttl manufactullll whtft much of the expowre is to mercvnc oxide On lhe othtf hand refoltbullveiv liute menurv exctfled in the urine folmiddot lowbullnl o1bsorlll10n of sorM o~lkvl mercurllh
In view of these dltcreoo~nctet it it btfttyened that the 005 mampJml TLV 1nd tht01S mJiml STEllormtteutYVIPOf should bt tflllned lot tht pment twn if penonal tlmmiddot plint proctdum lrt lt)Kifltd
The ro~t~anVt for recommtndinlthe hiamphef TLV of 01 mt Hlf ml lor nofllltC and 1rvl compoundt thin for tlmiddot men~o~l mtfelrv vo~por tNt o~pparentlv verr lltdt mtKVtV bullt depotutd til the bro11n followbullnJ lbtotPitOn of such comocM~ndt With mercurv YIPOI on the Olhtf hand bull reimiddot 1tivetv hi perctntqt oi tht 1btotbtd mercurv bullM in the bntn while the mote IOJIC o1lkvl mtfalt comshypoundt neartv 111 o~ppuenttv reach thts orpnbullbull
While lht Ctnlroli nervout tffC1S tremor trtthitm tiC tween OOIInd 01 mllm in a chtorbullnt cHantbullbull PhvttColi aDPArtntlv leH likttv from mtKurv wits thin rom the tumultiOnt r~ no ~tdtnce of mercurv POttontns Yl pot ren~f o~nd oro~ elftcn would prt~Um~blv bt tute 11
lSI
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
~ ~ r~ft(11 tKIDfiOtl 01 ltlf hbulllh umu rommiddot UNliiTIlolltiUCIKIIOOJOilf
OIMf recommenalltOnsn mtJm Cook flkins SmYin ANSI (194)) EliH and Wet Gerrrwnv 01 CztcnosiOYakta middot 1691 ana Sweoen 119751 005 u SSR 11wn 001 -Olt
un1r1H 00 noc 011-llnampUIIh belwet-n elerne-n1a1 metcurv bullbull od 111 comoounas USSR wbulltn 01 fOf Hl(l1 no Polana w1th 001 tor bullbullbullmenbullabull 1nc1 005 for comoounas 1M bull ePitons
fNft(et
bull NH)JHI Critettl itN l middot~ SfMUIG- OcCUOImiddot riOMifNIOMnto IIICtJMIIC ~ USOHIW H5Mmiddot7)110 241197))
1 AM -C Hrflflrlllt C411de Senft - MtrnNv (1916)
HKJ~tt bullqd(Nolfle roic tfftmola-tll ~ 119771
t ~G SWIIliOIIwr~ ot1 ~c v~wt Stocllholm tNomiddot 19611
--LGvurlllu~fl trAm IJd fAUOC I JUI7 1l97QI ~~ l _5 _ 4 Ateft lrtG HWf 4 Occw M H 11 11~)1bull
~G~ IUL AW ONw aC Qwn 1 or Jlttl lltwl
CO AM Ottua Hof HI11WI
_ ~ LSI Aid E ~~~ UUS
bull aot WampI~-nwbullltfi7C_ middot-middot I ~Us_OftMACV StoclttloiMtNoshy
11NarAfraquo-UL~TL WH 1-W IJMI IM~ GoWMM fH~ ~ OWNCIIY AJCU IJPubHHH1t8ui 10 16J
11 L_IAmiddot OCkocbtSUIIW lI56119S1) Seiffertmiddot~ NNMft H lfflrrll f Albtl- u VOIIUmiddot cltvU1Z9119S41
11 L WJidHolf lidMriff Jl24011951)
16 ~ -Oft~ SubcomllllttM lot MAC V_ ~ Commiddot pounctl bull oilntlaquoNUOI$61 ComrntlfH SIOCitnow tNoshyvemblf 1961)
17 T _ Vlnd MM SutJ JHI011WI 1LfAetbull ~middot rorcotDZSOI19MI
19 _ M Gl s- f Ndl fnv HHftt TAU fl)
a MalMo wlrif1 lttd MH zsm n ACCJJtDocurMfiilaquoIOtl oitlte r_vbull~uttJrd
td JN150middot1S1 11911) Z1 TurriMHCt LTwNaVSc~l Mlaquol Wocftmiddot
D ~ ~PAI I Occuo oW IllS 11 9731
M Meal cM ~~ bull1 Ibid 65 196tl lS C~[J middotVC1t fnv rln i6middot79AilMI
lL ~W~IMMI IItdHWf AJtoe Jf)71(lt711
11bull _zc~ HL V fa Ckcuo Mlrlll UDI (191))
a na-rot_r~ WIIIII 10M W 6 1oM NV (1Wtl
a t-t sMotaM ~ 10 nv eo--
MfSITYl OXIDE
+COCH bull CCCHJ
nvu tl25 bull
Metlfol orlde II an oily colorllu liquid a fHPIJflmiddot _-like odot It INI bull molear ~ oM Tf a speciimiddot
IVt 01 01591 bullbull xr C Mid at the ume middot~bulltur-
I lOr Drfl~ 01 bull HJ nw boll yenWJ z po~nu 11fJbull C Vid _ Jbull C ~~ wlfh bull cloHd cup
th DOrrtf of F It rt tlifhtlv soluble itt middot m1te1ble I flllfcoltoklndfflten
WKIIri obulltde1t ~ Uamptolvnt fOfcellulosenmiddot lti ampnd ~Mil Oils IUIM lftlttfi IKquen lttkl 1-l l iM 1n c lloramptiOn p~rnt rcmoyenfi1 and as bullnwcc repitllenl
The Kure IOitiCbulltv of met1tvl 011de rs conlldetampbtv arealmiddot laquo INn that o4 COIIPaaabte ~Wiled k~OMt The Ofbulll - bull or11201kiCilllandUIIJIkl tbblllare~l I ow 1M 2(8) mt~ka trail and 2150 mJikl tmouset fOt W lk Ill he lowftt lethal COIICeftUIIIOM fl0bull1 fOf ratS and 4-hour ~ 1000 ppm fOf mnnyen4 obulltde bullnet
0 ppm bullor lmiddothettanone for bull 1S mnutt eiPOSUtl 10 lk t)IO 4(0) DPfl
Smvtn ancJ auoccalnlt1 concluded 11111 fIIDetryenWnlal ampnmiddot middot-bullK eooMd ac 50 ppm mesbulltvl obullldelhowed no e1ftc1
wftatewr In thll worir 10 rflt and 10 IUIMl Dip ~ hpoHCJ concenrtbulluom ranabullna 1rom 25 10 500 ocwn IOf th111v ebullaht middothour QeiIOCH middot~cvl obullMraquo etielttS ~ Pmiddot marrtv narcouc 1n hbulllhlaquo concenubulluons buc lftiUf to lu nas hvet and kldMIt mav occur II llll tfllve wMnbullnl propenbullH not 1lfC)Ied no hbullura rrom bullnhalauon ~ld be ebulloeltted
Silverman and co-workef1tlln tnttnt Hfltorv lftOOIIM o4 eiii)C)Wie 10 VIIIOUI Of1Aftic Vapors found thai l INjOIIbull
tv of ind1vlduals bullbull-need 101M w bullrrilluon at 25 p~n s o4 rnesctvl obulllde pet mtllion of au and naW bullrrilaiOn 11 50 pt~m On the ~ of an lftpieiMnC lllle whidl remabullned 1n 101M caws for 1h1M to 1111 houn after ebullPQWN and NUl ilfiiiiOn amp1 50 I)C)m 1hfte woften tullfl1 25 PfJIn fl the h11hHt concenltftiOtl which IIVOUid be wusfactorv for
bullbullaN-hour dav Accordinato the AIHA HYtteniC Guidebull 1he problble
human rHPQnM 10 100 ppm oi metnvl obulllde 11 ~ed 10 be and mucovs membrbullne lfflllliOtl w1th difficultbull
bulln breatnlo ~he lnd venbullao Atthouth the SheH Chem+eal COtporamptton confirmed 25
ppm u 1M thrMhOid limbullt for comron the eve 1mtllton IIOied at 11111 concen~rbullUatl whtle ~ttv tIOt ~bull tullftll chac ac moM 25 P9f thould be bull ceclina concenmiddot till tOn
NIOSH in cn1ena document for ketOMI coiNWfll thai ~~ reaton 10 betiew rhal 1ne hfl lOft bullrom
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
detencH 1 Dow (h_-yen ComC~M~r OoJmmunbullUUOn tO Tl ComrTtnttt t19171bull ojiCsectHbull ra~c vbbullnc lbulllf EW ftoJtl NO tNIOSHl 7J1J~
t197bulli
UNOL
r HOH
nvs( (l10ppM ( bull llftllllfltl
Pw pMnol it 1 IOiid It room fMIPItltutW 1nd Is llquimiddot d tw mWn1 with n T7lf mo1ea11u _ht 94n INi tM JPlaquoific avittt 1011 It ts wltite but
oNft pinltifh -middot lftUhiltl from itrtpllritift tN PIgtOmiddot middotmiddotbull ro liflll Utd lw bull dlalacteriuic middot fillY odlaquo 1M Ud hu a boiittf _ of fG-C Md when lrw ltOm wMer bullnd crnolt it COttfNamp C Mtd tMits 11 43bull C AtlJbullCithttl ~oloJSmmHf lt If tolubM
lind CWJMic IOiwms Mtd il combuslitHII wnt a cfoMI cup_ poittf of 1Tr F ltl chief is po6nt in me fNfIUfaaure of
t-llftOk~A~MdiNftVOCher
-llanddrupllil~bullbulldltinfectantin _______~--= bullnlota_~olhom ZS ID bull -_-_of acrM DiciiV to __
_(IMto cen rNnulel
n-d 111111t01 _ In lrriuhon of me rtOM --middot---_The_ cftlnol ~ionmiddot-middot _ n In lhe m 41 middot ~(I PPIII a-owbull found Urine 1816ol _ 794 and bull 7 PM(ent
bull bull orbn at the piiM COMinuoultyen tliPCMd durins ndiftl optt~~ioftl ~ no mpirMorv lrrilaclon
the oOor ol Plheno wa notkeabte The ~ concenuMion tound _ 4 ppm Urine Mfate r~tios rshy
ed 74 percent
Due in PM to kJ low yen0MtHtty pheftol does not ftemiddot quenttv COMCitute bull terioul OIY hultd in indutmiddot bull ut Fomwttv Its UM bull 1ft lfttlteptic in IUtltY mulled in
merout abull of wblaquouue or chronic poitonfns amons WfPOA and their Uli~CMt~l4t Urinampry ionl of 2 lns per ctv by _ientl haw been NPQrltd Ablotpshy
of l arbullms of phenol coud tetuh fnlm eisht houn 1ala11on ac aboul II ppm
Acconlint IO Thomas and ~til the TLV o4 S ppm pro let amp tuffictenttv latp fiCtOt o4 Mfety 10 Pttttt lttlenlmiddotvl If skin absorption I amptOfded
6 In 1976 NKgtSiol published amp criteria document w which
the toxicoAotv of phenol wu reviewedbull The~ 6oal ampnd Mtemic effecu of contACt of the tiUn with phenol Met ittconcenttated tolutionswere properly~ lelashytivfiy lln6e addittonal information on the effecll ollnhaampamiddot tlon beampriftl on the TLV howew tutned up A NtJQft byen -troyen11 of poiiOft ampmonl worUtt In luuiamp who QUenChed coke w11h - wampter corutnins OJ to U I ol pMnot per liter it diiCUIMd A it indicated phit_______nol YIPOf concentrationl of the order of l to l ppm ampnd
ad in the intoUcatiOnl whMh VI4N not dlllcribed The Nt0SH ~ of 3D lftllml bull amp dfN _withted tllndMd it _ the bull the
nv o1 s ppm~ 1n 1952 The NIOSH - o1 to 1or any 1s mintM period is h6P lhM the srn ot _lllllmiddot
baiptfort~4JSSIwhkfthllbull~nMACoiUppm _ ___llaalandshyCAnNnv SoMden CncholkMkill n ekher lt or lD llml or for PICficat ~ S ppmbull
1~Wamp~ ILY ~II MIJOht -hm ttm 1 ~ _ UncluOiithtd daampL J HLJ nr~atmdurtnlr~ lnded p
116 Wyenamp5onampNY( __fAI~poundT~ Zncltd Vol ll p
ll7011111ertaence NY(l-J)
S --AAIMIIICCJ A~on faDdfyill the CoMd Ecolofic s p tlS Honma amp aobr Ed Lodtmiddot hMd Mhlilee seceCo Alto CA
Nt01H1 CrlreN loT bull ~ SfMtdMd-OcalpMIONI 1a _ HEW fubtkauon NO (NIOSHI 11-1bull
11shy7 _ YLl Cuet o4 Phlnot v- loitonint 0wnn1 Cokbull
Slllkint Wtlfl Wbulltbull -U (tiMW USB Ulftibull rwonur~ianWbullwfdOmlotuorIM OiiNMf-A Jw lllff US 0 o4 CoiMwta QfiOtWI rKttttiCIIHtforwutiOII SIMce 119 1)1 (Nfd il-11S70J Stlnntfleld VA Cilft 0yen NIOSH ifl ~bull _
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
bull TCA
COCOOH
nV lpttmiSWI
TCA fonm dtiollftOnf CTYSIJ wllh a mcHKur we4Jhr 01 lampllaquogt MtG bull splaquolfic v of 16291 lr bull ~vr lfrrHIJ Kid whidl IMts bullt S1Jbull C bo1l1 u 197Jbull c ana not~~IMrwniOM rCA~ wmiddotbullImiddot cohol td ether
It it uMd in medicine ptlftnlcV u a reqent for albumiddot mtn de~tcr1on lnd maltina Mrbtcidu
TrichlofOK~K add WH lint placfii on the NociCI Ol Intended ChAnt~ 197lll 1 mtlml Thh value hMi bHn canted lor 1979 and 1r1Mftnld to the ldocKed ~lltn 1980 Thit vAlue was in enor The TLV 075 ppm 1 S nlflmll which ~oppelftd on pqe 476 of the 1971 SuDCMtMntal DocutNntauon V wbullthe value inttiaUv abullwn TCA and wu to haw bNn rounded off to 1 CIPftl bv analotv wbullth ~2-dichiotoDfODeontc ktd cnV 1 PCMnl- The nuMfll OM wn tntn 1nMWntniiY OIMIG the m11m column
Rtaa of the com column lnd thiS errot wu not OIKOVmiddot raa unul nw Hl c~ l~~ fl V It 1 m 1 bull
rntJml ana thiS correctiOn wbullll be mampae the secono pnnuns of the 198D TLV booklet The iollowtnl oocumenmiddot c tiltOn rtiecu this v11lue bull
The oral LObull hll bHn reooneci u JJ lfkl for ratst1ll lor m1ce 5M t lkt Jraquo Bv inuaperuonell adminiSirllon 500 ITIIklwlllltlltomiCtill
TCA II COfTOfl tO the skin 1nd - but not reldilv abtorbed throulft the tkin Medkampl reoons of acute eomiddot sure effects nowea mild to moder111 lkln and eve bwns
A time-~bulllhted TLV of 1 ppm 11 wgnted bampMo lllletv on analoiY to 2l-dlchioropropiOniC Kid and the ~meqerdata
Other recommendltionl USSR (19761 075 ppm
1 -Ct Mdft 9tft ed p 11raquo Meta amp Co Inc~ llhweyen N -(191t)
1 0 alul c ~ 10 CoMIMI (1tm bull
) NOIHI roaic ffflaquofbull 01 CJ~MwM s~bullw o1 19771
124-TIICHLOIIOIINZENpound
A~ liotMfiMraomt witiMt odorlllfli4ltromoi~JZffrldtlotoshyon_ Ml moMrcullr of JIU6 bullnd 1 Jplaquotficof J fiH zsbullc meHs ar 1rc bofhlt zubull c bullttd Nbull bull fftXJifftl fUth po~nt of U46bull F lt1 combustbullDie bullnd SOIampIINe most CJt1M1C ~tJ but lniOiuble in _
It is uMCI u 1 dietlctric ltuid heat transllf medium lubricancs inteeucidel and cqaniC tvntheltt
A tludv of the K111 and tubKute innampatton toicitv ol trichloroDeftnn tm the lZ~I bot Treonlll lndimiddot clled thet thre tllltt Ofllftl from non-6ethal IJIPOMnl of Cllf dop r1cs riObkJ and w- pip indudld thre thoer kidney_ ceth 11 aM brain- and mucou~ memshybrane~ loa( inkltian of the Nnp and functlontl dlntll in rnpiration dyen1PnH ~ noted in animlh lattr dykll from inhllalion nposure
ltown ft _reponed ll4-trichlorobenzent to hlyene 1 ~ dole acvtbull orll lO eM 756 IIIII for rau ana 1M mtfkc lOt mke The acuce ~ lOIor ratl ws 6139 mttk ~hill doNI ldm~ -putfdtv to
IMP ciUMd w- damqe Acute and non ns bull 6 70-lOD PPftll klhalatMraquorr Mudtft faihtd to kiH 1nimllt bullnet ~~ana NtardH wetthl II
r with no orpn PlltI06otYIraquo CAmreton ft ~ -ported thlt thre tndl~ are tOIUC 10 riUthan the monoshyand dkhloroDeftnnet
The 1fomnenti0Md t1udiel non term onet and inmiddot lotftWIIIOfl Mlaquoied tO recotNMnd In 11rtlome Conceftlll middot
lion towhidtworlcenfnl(bt wortiftl61ted1N wilhauc Cuamplmiddoto -tol~---ca dlbKne or ICMfonn ~b- Clft c-_ irmiddot riUdonwftkhK~IdnbuUIDIIeoiiiICbull doft oa lppmand thloll l-5 ppm in cenain ~-middot TV 111111 rill 4 and 2 mM doll nPQMd at eithlf JO or 1(D 1l4-trimiddot chkwoDinMM 1 41t punt( 141t 1lJ~ 1 houfVdlv S dayen11-- fof lO ftiiiOIUNI in 44 ctn Nlt ldvene efiiiCtl wete detectable II J0 ppm wth the IJIC8 lion of an e6eYauon of uriftltV u~ and CoptOPOr
phyrin bulln the racs ontv et1S bullnd lO csyenL No PI tholotlc letionl could be aUrtbuted to lhl h routftlv lO differem specitMm eumtned lOt eKh IP ct A MCOnd inhailtion 1tudv w81 perionnM wltl 91~ pute ll4-trkhtotobenzene 7 hounldlv 5 clivi fot 21 COMKUliYe WMittll Tttlny rltl 16 tlbbitf aM 9 rnonHv1 bullN miles we npoMd II zo D 3D enc l eD ppm futmonMv function and Gtlt Mhmor h monkm OPtNmoKoPic -minltton In rtlbbtu Md mon keys bullnd bod prt surementl hefnlto6otV and M
biocMmtcal detemtin~ttons VI JptCies cor dueled pnor to ampnd durinamp tM ebullPQIIft period no dlffet encn NIfe noted 1m0n1 the four tiiPOMft aroucr MiCfoKopc ctantft -n thl parenctlvmel cetl o1 and kidnevl from atl lfOUPI of fill afttr 4 and 1 ol nPGtUre to 124-TCI but no~~middot abnonnablift - seen 1ftet 26 WMb oliiiPCollt in an ol the thrH IPKift undentudv
The lbcwe data dO not tndicbulltbull bull 1iift 1(11 totaeii The ~ cedl hmc ol 5 Pllf blled on ttl 1mtlllfll ~In ol TO IHfM lOW 1ft companton wtt
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
--
l G- ampGi l rit Ind MMJ l11 119101bull c-GLfMMM jCA U IIIdllftUWwshy
~ rtcommenoampltons for trlclllorootnttne 8ulpn1 Ul _ AWIU P1rlt IKI~ VOl 281 19)1 l USSR YUIIHIIV11 14ppm s _ Mlc- wL lewil rampamp Net~ Etn tMMUt Jill
965f1ml bull ItftNMU i VJCi lle COfNIIUtCCIIOn l19n)
bull t1 Unouohnto ~ rom 1M Kbulllltnnl utiOfl lotV 7 C WL SdleMHtdl WH -bull WM l TIJ UniWAtf 04 0-clnNII OH 11950 0ttcwc nlwiMIOit bQotln oi f lU JlMJbir IIWI ~M 10
rz+rridl~ _ VltH lloWr C n ~ Atwl OccuA ~ llzot 1 bull
111-TRICHLOROETHANE
1ft MfTHYl CHLOIOIOIM
12-TRICHLOROETHANE
HCICHCI
LV lO-~ ql_
Slllabullbullbull_
A co~Drlin~ _ IHfflid wid~ a JWftf odor 1Jl-l~- bull oiJlflMttJ middot~ o1 tUN bull rc tr 1t1rc
-)M -yen4bullCitltd-bullNfiiOolff1MtHiil C~ iriiWffllalcoltol _
OfiiIJCJC~Mfta
-~or --tttllldiftCifllk
11lmiddottnclllotoechlne ~the ctnfraiWtYOUS -middot left~ CIUSinbull nltcOSII in wftich tftDkl II il COftltGerablv DCMnt tllln c~tubull 1y 1nNAM10n 111 kllte oiQCitV II IOfNWNt fOt Cnlln latJoratOfV inllftlllt
lCIIII tllln 11111 01 d6orotorm Ncotte concentrauont o i bull 1lmiddottncnlof0ttrllne lftUk In lmuuon 10 tlle tYft 1nd M 1N1 injlaquoUOft Of thlt ConiunciIVL 0Nth OCCIfl irom
orv arrnc eoncntratoM producinl dMp tweOIII lftd dMII of the otdet of 1l6CD ppm for a two-hour ~~~JC~Mn Tlle cotNIPOftdi COMMtratMJn for ctltoroiorm
)l)llJO 10 40CXXJ ppm 11lmiddotlrichkHoettane 11 letllal by ltnl and tube~adminitlrt~lM)n 075 IIIII was ltotllal 19 dop bv mouth compiMd wilh US 11111 fot chloromiddot
formtM huv dtteMIIJOn of the lifef was obMtwd in dolt dvint two or IYIOf9 da1 fol~n1 idlllintttrauon ol lriddotott hane which 1blorbtd lhiQUIII tllt tntKt sitinttl
- 1~~7n~tt~~l=r~~~~~ flkl subcull~ lDbull movte - U1 tftllkl EXOOMampN u SOD ocwn 1or a ttoun wH iacal to middot
TM cumnt TLV o f 10 m was ba on llle t~shy
ca6 ~ 10 tYfNMtnc t~ lftd bv ~ wtth tlle TLV lor chkNolonn wftlch It thlliiiM _ J0 ppm In view ol tht~bow compii1IOM ol the ICIIIbull idlvol11l~wkhlNioldtlolalonna_ it--~owermlOPPII mnv~orttw_COIIto pouftd milhl be n Gfdlrfor 111~ the prnent tht nv of 10 ppm bullnd STR of raquo ptlliR are- bullCW~ Sewrtii_(UfOIIJIM tiOM and 11o1n lltd adollled the 10 ppm nv u ot 1m loland wtlll 22 ppm wat the ontv (111tton Wftl Getmiddot manv (1979) conlldttn tl 1 pocnual CitcUtOttn
1 laMNw HWl NUL biML flaquott _ 14119 (1m -1 v_wfl The_HyendocartloMTMW
faidlvamp oe-sUSIHS - N0 414 pp 1SSmiddot156 us ecw Offict w~ oc 11ti5J
J 1-GSSMampLIQ J fftMm fftlmtlaquooo Jl05C1tl41 4 11 -MIG 161411 Ctt raquot s NOIHIwol rN rolaquoEifectJolo-tKtl~
middot TIICHLOROElHYLENE
JbullCHCI
nv bulllaquo bull zrt -n __ __I~ COtforlnJIIqul(of
bullWtrth ooor lt Ita bulllriOieaiiM ~of IJJof bullntJ a eaficwtYoll TPiotboHittfpoww cyenWJ
-Mdlfleslaquo r c 7Pitt vlfPOI 11 c tfiWis sa tMII HJ II it INICJICI Iv lntoluble itt WMW bUf lt1Jftfr fWUmiddot
bit In lipfth flliott colaquofICilaquotl r J C raquoood-411 f oJ bullK lJ In 1Nt ~ ol o~ Mid tltorf uhrmoief ~ lndtlofwftv~Me IJ cJlaquoompoJlaquol 10 ~ bullnd hrdtocttlonc Kid
Trichloroetllvtene 11 uted for dqteaStn drv d untnt 1nd u a tolfen( In the 1)111 tnchboelllvlene wa1 uMd a1 lin eXracunt tn foodmiddotoroceMtnl (fDA hid bullDPtOWd rnimiddot due below 1S PIN tn decaffe~rtaltd pounci coifH and 10 ppm fot inMifU coffMI This wa1 ditconunued tn 1975 wften NCI iuued an alen wamtnl lhM tndtiOIOettwlene INIV be a CatCinoftA Ill UM Ill In anet~htUC Will lOanbull bull
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
I
- ReleNMft
~middot~~ C bullbulll fllar~ lyen40 lUiS i19611 1 ~141 AtCtl ftw HHHtl lltt li011WI7
1 11 Cornmwnbulluuon 10 nv ComrNnbull Nlyen11 bshy~IIUbortlortiNootemoerlbulln
o-OICHLOROBENZENE
CIJUNG l iMIT SO- ( - IIW)
A coklrlfl1 liouid o-dichlotobttiNM hu bull moiKutar IWflhl Oi fI10J Wlft I JIJlaquoIfic fAIII If 2r COf JJQS9 1 ha bull nwkmt IXHtM ol -17Jbull C 1 Dolint blfoMNn llfIO IampJbull C IndiV~DtftKtwMlfrCol TlmmHJ nt ciOMO cue tlltft 001n1 rs 111bull F bullno 11it~ but C)t fiUMOOUSII J0 II room 11UIW Orflto-dtdlloromiddot blaquotzbullrte bullI tKICIIUIIv msolubM rn wtter but m1tcttNf Wlfft IICOIIOI bulltiNt 011 MtQ 1~11 1 II ltfble II lootn ltmbull
peNIU~Wind~ IOINfM
tr it lolled 11 1 herbicide tMKtictde oil lunupnt uMf
bullbull50hoent shyAimoulh the 011tto forM i1 mcwe 10iic rhen rhe pn
1ann of~ it twa low r-ctay to hurMMhew no-n~ 10 -wcondieionlllllaavinibullCMtn~
COfttCI6 tffKt wei tiiNfiundy Mlh ntulfOCIIftil ~ ollneiaaion indudt hlecNche _ itritltion and tmlltt of rtw twft omiddotOichoroolflltne 11 itniiii IO Md it abtoftl4d bv 1-tlllll
lrownl ttated tNt 111lt ppm of oclichlatotnzene WH Ill 10 fUIIIH Otp ltliftlaquo 20 houri cMntron lnd Thomll gt~ l041nd liWf cwn~p tn bullnuNIS bullfter hiOtUrt oi bull 1- houri bullbull Concnl111tl0ftl rqintlram 50 to 800 ppm
p-OICHLOIIOIENZENE
1tOIII l ~rwt~
CHtOr
nvn -c MIIl SilL 111 c 67S
A white crrstbullHiM ~~ wtrh bull mollaquoulM oi 14101 traquoa~ftM bull KeOUS odor - IMNHtf pout~ it SJbullC boilint po~rw of 11J4bullC MWJ hu bull v_ ptltiiMWof064 mm Hf M 2fr C laquo 10 tnm HJ M lJbull C It II Jla4rt M otGNiv _ but it middot wtM bull dosed (U(D of middot The JOiubllity it ltlflt in _ btNMrr cftlotoolomt Mtll atl)on diiUIIiW but 1ow middotalll1f t i IOO mt zr cbull
4 tK~~ Jrif MNI 7l1S119U) ~ _ ~~-~ Wncft 1114 119451
NIOIHbull RN or rooc tfflaquoH or Olmtebullbull Sublunat fltm
Ellrin1t-ll reported concentrlttonbull ~ins 100 ppm to bt irriWtnl but no ocher tOXK eifectl were noted
Ho1Hn11W011h and COmiddotworilflIIM ~laquolt bullnttNK bullfleeted bv ~~ttdfUbullIv eXOOMifft 90 ppm Thtyen tUImiddot Jfllecl 75 ppm bullbull bull mutiNI CCeptMMe concenlrltiOft bul recommtnGlaquolt 1tt11 bullII workroom conctn~rbulluom sttould fluctU~Se below tnts level
A ns limtt of 50 ppm ~ld prewnt WlOUl trritamiddot tion but not aU ampnd naul irritMIOft eoncnions thOuW Huctuate bMow the TLV of 50 ppm
at ~ Cook llMS) 75 PPM Smwlh oat _ thin 50 pPIIII Ellrfm 11bull1 JO ppm A1ttA Guidi l mnso
1 ~SIeCIIIINiiiMJJtflllf1S(_ -1 11 rOIIfdno o1 _ ar-c SoMwn p 110 ~ lubiiMIICo NY fttJI
l c-GL 1a-1L 1 _ ampKt 4fztl 119)1) -_~oilrtdwMrOIIfCOIICJfY Zndedbull P
UO Wft 6 Som NY 11 S U VLOf T TLAtj
-tMt Aomt HHiflt 111 bull
II h bull fumipnt uMd to control mtldew bullnd mokk on luther Wtd tbullbncs doMd contatnen
cmron bullnd Thomastlt 11bullted thai the tnilaquoCOfl ol oaas aram bulln rats ocaNONIIv calllld ltilht necro~~~ of the lhoet Zuso 1nd fcfwetdsiD pw the LO fat rll tw tntrashypentonMI injection l56Z m111r1- Oomentolll fetiiOfted tM 01111 LO lor mtee abull 2950 1kl- TM reponed at lO lot fitS ws 500 fftllktlbull llaquoltiMfl reponed that
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
~ bull
1 J ~
r
iHCiinamp rtobilt S amprams IHJichloroOenzene datlv u ua UOCIIV ltII 1he lens 1n thrH WMIII Pik lePRIIIQ trlll woril but tttled to PJOOUCe QPKttv He bthewa ttuu the effect wu PJOGuceo bv tuoruhllene wntch m~v have conmiddot llfYIMitotlleUInt)6e
OivtOfrj ~td the cue of 1 011ient wno suifereo swtllins or the fMt anll 1nd hindi liter mo(hOfOOIIn1 PrrMniS Ill dlv With PmiddotlthChiorooenltM 8eriintl~ demiddot K nbtd two CtMt o f ClllfKt from HPQWtiiO tht VtDOI oi Chit CniCal Petit lnd 0lml)ltxit ~td the Cite of I fnw~le wotker wno wftered tinJiinJ of the hlnltH tnd tfmiddot 11 monttn vntto jtd lou of wetlht from WC~ttnt wnh 1 mbull-N of 90 NIU of p-dichlotobenzene and cen pans of hbkhlomhampne
The evbulldenct tppean to diate thit p-dictllorooenshyLtne 11 tomtWhat lets touc thM the onno tiOIMt wtuch hl1 been tntped a cetlirc chtfthold limil vajue of 50 ppm
33middotDICHLOROIENZIDINE
DCI
C1H0CJ1~ ~nv___ shy ~ - ----JJ~
bull moliKuMt ol lJJJJ Mtd poW o JJlfJJbullC ir~~ mtmry
~ --ollft IUOility n -cftloridi Mkltl _~ cty~m 01101 MtG ~ INmUUfOrY ttct l r is ltMibM infMIIM~Kid~ irtMcoltal bla anN llifhflv fOiuWt
Thlt comPOUnd Is UNci in 11e manufac1ure of u o dfft The KUieiOXICIIV oi ettitet the JwdrochlomM Ult or the
trM bae OY the rettMratorv r0111e 1n 1nbull~YWbull bANG on rathmiddot H me- tnionnatton it ~tv low 1 one-hour bullbullmiddot I)OIUe of SPJituemiddotO rats 10 a concentrated d~n~ Itmiddot rnotCiheN lea SOlo S 5m) CIUMd IOfM ~trilalion and moderlte pulmDIIrY conpltiOft but no deaths in e ither of he MM Tn rats GIIOMd to conlaquontraled dust of he frte biN 1NO houri dv for wn daw conttnued to p1n ilhC and lhowM no outward sisn of adYetH olfoclbull
Dftolle he fKt thae Metts ef ubull~ in 1954 that 1M skin it the prtncipampl POnal of entry of benrtdinet no acute i)tf(Utlneout toxick1 ttstl haw bHn performed in atumak tICCIIDt flaquo 111 unpublished Mlltment that four of fM rabbits died foMorwins application of 1 Jikl of bitt for 24 houR It Wll Constdered liklftv thlt the hydrochloride uk cou~ be abtofbed ICIIIMOUStv
Tht dihvdroctltondt Mk was mown 1o be bull ew lfritlnf4 11 opposed to he free bale r1bbi11 Wbilaquoted 10 the Otabullrbull lett wtled in erttheml chemotn and cormiddot Mil QPICIIV With In lit Kore of 84 OUI Of 110 mlllimiddot maUv attllnable Slow tWCOVIIfY wu indklted when bull ftetgt bull ~ the teen wM10
middot (lOO mymll The fLV of 75 ppm tna the STELof 110 ppm u e oen~o ~umctenuv iow to crevem tcut no chronbullc POIKW1tn1 The AIHA Gwide1fl howeYH tKOINMnOeO 1
wetJhlld tvert or 50 ppm wteh a 75 ppm Craquoillfll
1 c-ca TtleMMIL fllh llaquot Ull1 119)7
1 ZU AG U L0t I~- nn AUOC JelZ4 11M
l~IINmllll lfIMmlnxl lJflMI
4 NtOSftl r01ne ~ till D ll1 Hl Owhtenwn Ed HpoundW lub NO (NIOSHI74-ll4(1914)
s _ MU Ndt OphtiNI UtOll Cltlfl PIUMHai MidIMMSoc4JSI1 f1 ) 1 OW TAt lAMA IOf1GZII1tlS)
L _c_~~Ndi M~Lhof tll1(1t41l
- AAIM A- Htt~GIHM-~ Uunt )
7 11kalhMoiiN~ Mit Watka for tM rlbbit OSand111ka-~~middot ----~---thedlfiftdiltp N6nt of 14 rib ~ men than bull dM ol inlftttnt 1aJ Iftlllltofbele lnoiMoii SdrN_~ one t _ the onty flndlnp M
_ ol OCIs swcturll ~ 10 blftlidiM with whole production biMWet tumon hftl been IMOCImiddot aMd 1 number of lnlftltpliOnt of OCI1carctrM)Iente POmiddot tlftl1al hftl been made ptH demoMUIItd tumott of 11e Mtin seblctout and mamm~rv 111ndt and PNMtlomabull of 11e tMiddef 1n rill fed DCI11bull1 On he O(her hind Sfflotli tt ~~M we unable to demonttrlle bladdlr tumors tn hammiddot Men from OCI fed 11 011 in 1M diet and Selllkum~r tt aflll elkited no tumon in the same tPKiel 11 the same dittarv htYel althoulh bull un~U numbtt of trlftlilionll cell Uttomat of the blldder occurred bullbull Olfa Thlw rewill hive llaquof the TLV ComrnlltH to tibet CCI an expenmen111 MirMI carrinopn and place it in 1he Allittintshy
ln I ~of the Upfohn indUCrill hytienlt ~middot for more than two decides wbullth OCB and rtllled lromMIC
middot live ef middot~ conducted chit thev c~ find no eyen9middot dena of cancer dttwlorHnJiftlonl the WOlken exPQMd to OCI Omiddottol~lne or di1nbullNdlne 1 uta _Oemtclll Ofv Alliecta-Corio
lalo NY Quoted H~ ComfiUIIIUI-H In aoc- _o1 flwlutlnM AM StDfHII byen 0rtton 6 AIIOC
(1974)
1 Mliillo-Wffyen AIOI indH-tf f1U(19541 J )la ACU Uti WI CMtar 19499 119lll
4 _ W fhiMI 1iGi MM -ll 11M AM lnifNI lettl of ~middot Vd ChroniC IOIKIIV tndkle S ~U tt yen 1tttliMtMfd~ tno -l a S64
both the biM and the IAit to be lowo1t lhe rat or~I LObullwu (1M)
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
oolid motdn9 II 171C In-
(continuecll
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
bull Cot- flltnJo(aJIIYI (Animal PltgtSiliw IARCIIBI bull Ha-waabullIEPAI I Priority toJUC po~~ IEPAI
Dewipdan The palyftudaw lie llyd-no connitutt 1 d111 of -of- bonm(bulll- io one of tile moa agtrNnOn and aloo tilemobull-middot
(1)_ CHoa io 1 vollowioh ~lno It-of llw bon- rinp joined- Otlw _shy__thl______ - middot--In---In thlo ---middottal--middot-middot - and _ A V1riotv of___ n
bullshy -Ul--middotshy_ ---t~ middotmiddot-middotmiddot~middot1-ta_
WL-PI w IIL-IIPI -middotmiddot1shyL-PI -middotmiddotl-11112-1
~1-4112-1 CH-CIII -DIA -loiii--112SI___ -bullL-PI --1122401 -
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
Nfwlckln
p A faho ent IRioooal
Note n atNftinioN not by lftY body IUCft 11 lM lnttrMUOMI Union of Ottmampary mMI tftey 111 1 form of lhonhlnd u- by IUihon few GQftWnbullrce lftCI Vltv wrv wM tle IUhor
Codo Numbon I for blnzo(al PVI CAS 150-32-3 RTECS OJ387amp000
DOT DoJitnotlon -
Synonynu PNAs PAHs PPAHs IPaniculato Polycydlc Aromalic Hydrobull carbonat and POMs IPolynudoar Orvanic Matoriolst IBonm (al pyr- il olto known II lAP)
E_s PNAa can Ill formed in any hydrocarbon oombulmiddot lion praau and may Ill rollllld from oil qgtills Tho loa olficiont tho comiJ lion pro- tho h tho PNA omiuion fiCIOr is lilcliy to Ill Tho IMjor tourms netionerv sourcts sud as Mat and power cion refuse bummiddot ing indultriai activity IUd1 II ooko 0-1 and ooal roto While PNAa can Ill formed natallv Ultlltning-iptitod - fimt _ of- sourbull _ 111 bo minimal It should bo noted -- -Iion- middot_ _ lor only - 1 of omittlcl PNAI on I - lnwmory basis tn__ PNAs rnov ~ I50ll of tho--
middot-a-middotof tuvo - of so_ moot IJIIIQIId 111 J low - of PNAa IAl hal shy -in a toty of- tho
rtcl A -ble sawa is mineral oila and povoloum - - in food _tUwl and 11 roll- lor food _tainon FDA nudill haw lndimiddot cotod no hllhh hazard---middot
Tho air lutlon - of tho coral-lt= polynud- ltOINtlc _ bona fPAHI and of bonm(o)py fiAll In ponlcular haw- rniiMd in sorno -~ by OIRn and Hoynes 111 Tho total of bonzo(alPYmiddot rono fiAPI and sornolmiuion acton lor lAP oro 11 pmontld by GoldborV (2)
Pormillillfo _ Umits in Air A TLV of 02 rng~ 11 bon-toiubl11 has boon aultnod by ACGIH Thill matorials aro dnignatld by ACGIH II human carcinotenl
There haw been few entmpu to dtwtop exposure ltlndlrdl for PAHs either individually or 111 dan In tht occvpationll lltting 1 Federal nanderd ~~ been promulgltld for cokl own tmiuions butd primerily on tnt Pfbull lumtd tHeca of tht carcinogenic PAH conuined in cht mixture 11 measured by tht benantsolubtt fraction of toul paniculatt maner Similarly tht Amtrimiddot can ConftNnce of Gowmmental Industrial Hygitnins recommends a worXpleca exposure limit for coM tar pitch wot1tiles blstd on tht btn~~~n~-solublt fraction conuinint carcinottnic PAH
Tht Netional Institute for Occuoationbulll SafetY and Htllth hu also recom-shymtncted 1 workDflce 1tlndatd for coli ur productS Ccoal tar cnosott and coli tar pitch) blstd on rneuurtmtntl of tht cydohllxlnt middot txtnCUblt friction ThtM ltlnderdsaresurnmarized on tht followent Plif middot
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
-E_NUrM
1iD J4m1 I hr Ume- US OccupniOM Satatv end Hultll AdmiftiftmiOfto-1~ us NatiOM lftarcvte tot Ocmiddot CUJiOIIamp SefetY and Htflo=1= AIMncan Cont_ of Gowtnmiddot
ub fNCttOn) I hr menu~ lndiCCnlll Hytitnim tifnMNithUd 8Wf891
OettrmJnnian in Air Collection on 1 membrane filttr blnnne tKVIctton chrol1lto9flphic separation meuurern~nt by fluorometry or usbullng 1 UV demiddot toctor (AmiddotIOI
Ptnniuibla Concemmion in Water A drinking wlttr standlrd fat PAH IS I cllu IIU boon dewtollld The 1970 World Health Organizauon Eura110111 Standards for Drinking Water recommends 1 concamrnion of PAH not to oXCHCI 021111l This roaammendld standard is based an the =-ito tnllv1is of six PAHs in drinking wotor lluanntllene bonea(o) pyrent bonea(ghl) bull IV- bonea(bllluaromn blnm(k)lluarontllano and inclofto(123middot cdl
Tho US EPA oddroaod PAHs u one of tho 615 priority toxic palluunu (31 They found tho thin - insufficient dou to pro- o criurian lor till promiddot toction of - or olsaiiWIIIr oqUIIic lifo Far till prouaion of hwnon llalth tho -lion is - zoro An oddilionol lilftin- risk all in 100000 is palld by o ion of 011281111l
Do- in w- --1 dllorido uaction lolloMd by hlth porionnorw liquid lilly (HPLCI widl HID- or IN-middot tion or dlr-~ EPA Mothod 1101 or by dlra_v pl~a-__EPA Method 12151
11-oflnuy lnllllllionolpon-_
Harmful _w ev- Cnain PNAI whldt hibull bHn - middot ltlltWd bull ClfCinotlnic in till animals It relltiwfyen high eXpcJiure ltwh being found in urbln eir li werv tow tevefs V1rioU1 enwirorwnental fltl tera supn that PNAt photo-oxidized end rtiCI with oxidanU end oxides of sulfur BICMM PNAI ate ldlotbed on lticutau rnltur dlemicll helf4iws may WifV vreody from o monor of o low 11oun to sowrol doys Ona _ _ that pftoto~xidized PNA frterions of eir txueca 1ho eppeer to bt carcinogenic Enlironmnul behaviorfate dati hew not bHn dlvttoped for tht daa 11 a wftolt
It ha bHn obsorwd thll PNAI are highly soluble in odi- tiiiUO ond lipids Mou of the PNAs taken in by rnamm~ls art oxidized end the meuboUtll excratld Effeca of that ponion rtmllining in the body It low lewis hayen1 not blon documornbulld
lonmlal lgt(rtnl CBoPI ono of tho most aammonly found ond hozardaus of the PNAs ha bftn tht subitct of 1 vtriltY of toxicoiOQical tens which haw been summ11ind by the lntematjonal AcJtncv for Anearch on Cancar 50 to 100 ppm ldminitured in the diet for 122 to 117 devs produced nomacn tumon in 7~ of the mict ltUGitd 250 ppm Pfoducad tvmon in tht forntomlcil of 1laquoXnr of ttlt mice after 30 daw A single oral ldminimation of tOO mo of nine rau PIOduced mammerv tumors in etght of them Skin cancen naw bHn inmiddot duced in a nrietV of anuna11 at vwrv low lewis and using 1 varbullbulltY of solvenu Utngtft of apptication was notspeafild)
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
rau
---_-------=========---1 Lung canctr dllloped in 2 of 21 rns acpo$1d to 10 ~m SaP and 35 ppm
SOt for 1 hour per day five days 1 wek tor mort than one yur Five of 21ng 10 ppm SO fltgtlt 6 hours per dov in lddllion 10 1M ongoing doutt dtwloped limilar carcinomas No cateinomas wen noted in raa rnivshylnt onty SO No anin111 wwre exposed amy to BaP Tran~P~acentll nutrition of laP has bHn dtmomtratld in mice Most other PNAs haw not blln subtctld to such tming
Mocfial SmiiiiiOCI PrtptoCimtnl and ri9Uiar ptoyslcol txlllllnolion ore indicated for warktn having comacr with potynudtbull bullomnia in the workmiddot ptoca
_ lrollcriYO Molloods Good paniculno ominion mntroll 1M indicald entinnrint convol schtml where potynudaar arom~tics are tnCDUnshy-in 1M -tpto ~__ lncinor11ion
~ -u_
J -middot ________of ooo1r---_121f11 Olooo DA __JL Ak-shy- VANotT-1---middot-middot ____VA-T---1_
11~1- bullDIUL---middot---shy-----DCII-141 UL-----of-ooolrshyIll __ _______ _ ----IP_INIOLshy-DM -11711
---~--DCII11721 ___Ill UL---middot----shy~-middot-T--NC---shy Otlelld_mus---middot---shyocbull-bullmiddotbullbullshybullbull __ c- JAtte -~ t CftreMUIIbull _ Lyoft _ l ll ttt731
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto
1shy
1tERCK INDEX Tenth Edition middoto