1_Definition and Measurement of Productivity

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Basic Concept in Construction ProductivityEnhancement

Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur

Construction Productivity Centre

[email protected] / [email protected]

Copyright © March 2013 Building and Construction Authority


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Definition and Measurement of Productivity

Zeng Han Jun / Chew Boon Hur

Construction Productivity Centre

[email protected] / [email protected]



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Disclaimer

Important note: Information presented during this sharing session and

all materials in these slides are for the purpose of the sharing only and

NOT meant for any other purposes. If you wish to use the materials for

any purpose, please seek the consent of the Building and Construction

Authority (BCA).



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Presentation overview

1 • Definition of Productivity

2 • Basket of Productivity Indicators

3 • Measurement of Project Productivity

4 • Usefulness of Trade Productivity Data

5 • Builders’ Guide on Measuring Productivity

6 • Case Study



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Outline of this Module

Understand the definition and how tomeasure project & trade productivity

Introduction to the electronicProductivity Submission System

(ePSS)



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Definition of Productivity

“A measure of the efficiency of person, machine, factory, system,etc., in converting inputs into useful outputs.”



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Basket of Productivity Indicators

Level

Indicators

Industry Value Added Productivity (VAP)

$million of construction output per 1000foreign workers

Company VAP

Project m2 / man-day (floor constructed per man-day)

Trade

m2/man-hour (e.g. area of dry-wall installed)

m/man-hour (e.g. length of wiring or ductinginstalled)



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Company VAP

Value Added of a firm includes total remuneration, operating profit before tax,depreciation, indirect taxes & levies.

Calculator available at

BCA Website



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Measurement of Project

Productivity• Unit: Square meter of floor area completed per

manday

• 1 manday is defined as 1 man working for 8 hours

Project productivity =

Total constructed floor area (m2)

Total number of site workers (mandays)



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Trade Level Productivity

At the trade level, the amount of output per labour houris measured

Total units of output

Total manhoursTrade Productivity =



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Major TradesStructural • Formwork installation

• Steel bars fixing• Concrete placement

Arch • Wall

• Tiling• Painting• Door• Window• Ceiling

M&E • Electrical system

• Air-conditioning system• Plumbing system

Which Trades To MeasureManpower used in a building project

Total manpower used for majortrades is about 80%

Structural35% - 45%

Architectural25% - 35%

M&E

15% - 30%

Health & Safety8%



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Usefulness of trade productivity data

• For builders:

1. To plan their manpower and benchmark their

trade productivity

2. As reference for builders3. For benchmarking and comparison purposes (e.g.

painting with rollers vs more productive spray

painting)



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• A guide to help builders

measure productivity of

various trades

Builders’ Guide on

Measuring Productivity



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Trade productivity monitoring form



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Case Study - Drywall installation

Activity Time

taken(manhour)

i. Transporting of materials to location(exclude crane downtime)

ii. Setting outiii. Preparation of drywall materialsiv. Installation of drywall

v. Sealing of joints

0.67

0.670.674.33

0.33

Total 6.67

Description

Location: Blk123 #05-13 (LivingRoom)

Area of drywall: 15m2 Floor height: 3m

Manpower

Tradesman: 4 men

Mobile crane operator: 1 manSafety and health worker: 2 men

Trade Productivity = Area of drywall installed (m2)

Total time taken (manhour)

= 15 m

2

= 6.67 manhour

= 2.25 m2 /manhour



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Thank you


1_Definition and Measurement of Productivity

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