1936 Berlin Olympics Fritz, Kerstin, Ulrich (Jordan Zahn, Elizabeth Edwards, Daniel Roch)

1936 Berlin Olympics1936 Berlin Olympics

Fritz, Kerstin, UlrichFritz, Kerstin, Ulrich(Jordan Zahn, Elizabeth Edwards, Daniel Roch)(Jordan Zahn, Elizabeth Edwards, Daniel Roch)

Nazis Rise To PowerNazis Rise To PowerAfter WWI Germany After WWI Germany slipped into political slipped into political and economic decline.and economic decline.

The Nazi party grew The Nazi party grew through the 1920’s in through the 1920’s in Germany.Germany.

In 1933 the Nazis In 1933 the Nazis assumed power.assumed power.

Hitler was then Hitler was then chancellor of Germanychancellor of Germany

HitlerHitlerBorn in Austria in Born in Austria in 1889.1889.

Fought for Fought for Germany in WWI.Germany in WWI.

Had a very Had a very persuasive persuasive personality which personality which caused many to caused many to follow.follow.

Nazi Stronghold On GermanyNazi Stronghold On GermanyWon a free election Won a free election

to claim power in to claim power in 1932.1932.

Assumed power over Assumed power over Germany in 1933.Germany in 1933.

Developed a fascist Developed a fascist political system.political system.

Obsessed with Obsessed with supreme Aryan supreme Aryan race.race.

Cities In RunningCities In Running Berlin, GermanyBerlin, Germany

Barcelona, SpainBarcelona, SpainAlexandria, EgyptAlexandria, EgyptBudapest, HungaryBudapest, HungaryBuenos Aires, Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Cologne, GermanyCologne, GermanyDublin, IrelandDublin, IrelandFrankfurt, GermanyFrankfurt, GermanyHelsinki, FinlandHelsinki, FinlandLausanne, SwitzerlandLausanne, SwitzerlandNuremberg, GermanyNuremberg, GermanyRio de Janeiro, BrazilRio de Janeiro, BrazilRome, Italy Rome, Italy

Choosing BerlinChoosing BerlinIn 1931 the International Olympic chose In 1931 the International Olympic chose Berlin ahead of Barcelona to hold the Berlin ahead of Barcelona to hold the Summer Olympics in 1936.Summer Olympics in 1936.Berlin had amounted 43 votes while Berlin had amounted 43 votes while Barcelona was the only other city to Barcelona was the only other city to collect any votes with 16. collect any votes with 16. The choice signaled Germany’s return to The choice signaled Germany’s return to the world community after it’s defeat in the world community after it’s defeat in World War I.World War I.Two years later the Nazi Party assumed Two years later the Nazi Party assumed power.power.

Reichssportfeld Reichssportfeld

The Olympics took place in The Olympics took place in a sports complex called a sports complex called Reichssportfeld.Reichssportfeld.This consisted of 2 main This consisted of 2 main stadiums and 150 other stadiums and 150 other buildings to hold various buildings to hold various events.events.The largest stadium was The largest stadium was called Olympiastadion called Olympiastadion which held 50,000 people.which held 50,000 people.Construction took place Construction took place between 1934 and 1936.between 1934 and 1936.

ControversyControversyMany controversies were Many controversies were involved with the 1936 involved with the 1936 Olympics.Olympics.

One of the main controversies One of the main controversies was the fact that Hitler would was the fact that Hitler would not allow Jews to compete for not allow Jews to compete for Germany in the gamesGermany in the games

Another Controversy Another Controversy was the fact that was the fact that many western many western democratic nations democratic nations feared for the safety feared for the safety of their athletes.of their athletes.

Also, Germany was Also, Germany was questioned for major questioned for major human rights human rights violations.violations.

Restrictions on JewsRestrictions on JewsBy December 1933 all By December 1933 all people of the Jewish people of the Jewish faith were banned faith were banned from all sporting from all sporting activities in Germany. activities in Germany.

Jews were not allowed Jews were not allowed to use any facilities in to use any facilities in which would help which would help them to compete them to compete athletically or athletically or physically.physically.

In January of 1936, to In January of 1936, to avoid the IOC from avoid the IOC from taking the Olympics, taking the Olympics, some anti-Jewish laws some anti-Jewish laws were temporarily were temporarily lifted.lifted.

Though, this did not Though, this did not help to stop any help to stop any religious or racial religious or racial persecution.persecution.

Boycott threatsBoycott threatsOnce the Nazi party took over, most western Once the Nazi party took over, most western

democracies questioned the morality of democracies questioned the morality of supporting a Nazi hosted Olympics.supporting a Nazi hosted Olympics.

““Many of the liberal and left-wing political Many of the liberal and left-wing political groups that denounced Hitler's fascist groups that denounced Hitler's fascist dictatorship linked their opposition to the dictatorship linked their opposition to the Berlin Olympics with the wider economic Berlin Olympics with the wider economic boycott of Germany.” boycott of Germany.”

Americas takeAmericas takeThe United States The United States

traditionally sent a traditionally sent a large number of large number of athletes to the athletes to the Olympic games. Olympic games.

However based on However based on the political the political climate in Germany climate in Germany America debated America debated over whether to over whether to participate.participate.

America’s takeAmerica’s take

Brundage, a member of the IOC, Brundage, a member of the IOC, stated that “The Olympic Games stated that “The Olympic Games belong to the athletes and not to the belong to the athletes and not to the politicians.” politicians.”

Though many opposed this Though many opposed this argument, America decided to argument, America decided to participate.participate.

Opening ceremoniesOpening ceremonies

Parade of nationsParade of nations

List of nationsList of nationsAfghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Belgium, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Columbia, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Columbia, Costa Rica, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Costa Rica, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lichtenstein, India, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lichtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, The Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, The Philippines, Poland, Portugal, The Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, Sweden, Romania, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United States, Switzerland, Turkey, United States, Uruguay, Yugoslavia Uruguay, Yugoslavia

EventsEvents

There were 130 There were 130 different different competitions in the competitions in the 1936 Berlin games1936 Berlin games

One of the most One of the most popular events was popular events was track and field.track and field.

Some other events Some other events included:included:

BasketballBasketball

BoxingBoxing

RowingRowing

SoccerSoccer

HockeyHockey

German PreparationGerman Preparation

The Nazis had their athletes training The Nazis had their athletes training full time for the Olympic game to full time for the Olympic game to prove the Aryan supremacy on the prove the Aryan supremacy on the world stage.world stage.

Lutz Lang was among the finest of Lutz Lang was among the finest of the German athletes. He also fit the the German athletes. He also fit the description of an Aryan with blonde description of an Aryan with blonde hair and blue eyes.hair and blue eyes.

James Cleveland OwensJames Cleveland OwensBorn September 12, Born September 12, 1913 in Lawrence 1913 in Lawrence County, AlabamaCounty, Alabama

When Owens was 9 When Owens was 9 his father moved to his father moved to Cleveland, OhioCleveland, Ohio

Grandson of a former Grandson of a former SlaveSlave

His nickname “Jesse” His nickname “Jesse” was given by a was given by a teacher who had teacher who had mistaken his name as mistaken his name as “J.C.” because of his “J.C.” because of his southern accent.southern accent.

Owens later attended Owens later attended Ohio State University Ohio State University where he became a where he became a track and field track and field national champion.national champion.

Jesse owens eventsJesse owens eventsOwens competed Owens competed in many events in in many events in the 1936 Olympicsthe 1936 Olympics

Some events he Some events he competed in were competed in were 100m sprint, long 100m sprint, long jump, 200m dash, jump, 200m dash, and 4x100m relay and 4x100m relay teamteam

Owens in CompetitionOwens in CompetitionOwens was Owens was considered an considered an inferior athlete by inferior athlete by the Nazis because the Nazis because he was not Aryan.he was not Aryan.

His chief German His chief German rival was Lutz rival was Lutz Lang.Lang.

In a very close long In a very close long jump final, Owens jump final, Owens defeated Lang.defeated Lang.

After the After the competition, Lang competition, Lang was the first to was the first to congratulate congratulate Owens.Owens.

Medals wonMedals wonOwens won gold Owens won gold medals inmedals in

100m sprint100m sprint

200m dash200m dash

Long jumpLong jump

4x100m relay4x100m relay

Hitler/OwensHitler/OwensOn the first day Hitler On the first day Hitler would only shake hands would only shake hands with German medalists.with German medalists.Some speculate this was to Some speculate this was to avoid shaking hands with avoid shaking hands with African-American Cornelius African-American Cornelius Johnson.Johnson.The International Olympic The International Olympic committee urged Hitler to committee urged Hitler to shake hands with all shake hands with all medalistsmedalistsHitler did not attend Hitler did not attend anymore medal anymore medal presentations, therefore presentations, therefore never shaking the hand of never shaking the hand of Jesse Owens.Jesse Owens.

Owens QuotesOwens Quotes"We all have dreams. In order to make "We all have dreams. In order to make dreams come into reality, it takes an awful dreams come into reality, it takes an awful lot of determination, dedication, self-lot of determination, dedication, self-discipline and effort.”discipline and effort.”

"Find the good. It's all around you. Find it, "Find the good. It's all around you. Find it, showcase it and you'll start believing it." showcase it and you'll start believing it."

"One chance is all you need." "One chance is all you need."

"It all goes so fast, and character makes "It all goes so fast, and character makes the difference when it's close." the difference when it's close."

American sucessAmerican sucessGold medal Gold medal performers included:performers included:

Men’s basketballMen’s basketballMen’s rowingMen’s rowingJesse Owens (4)Jesse Owens (4)Archie WilliamsArchie WilliamsJohn WoodruffJohn WoodruffRalph Metcalfe Ralph Metcalfe Forrest TownsForrest TownsGlen HardinGlen Hardin

Foy DraperFoy DraperFrank WykoffFrank WykoffCornelius Cooper Cornelius Cooper JohnsonJohnsonEarle MeadowsEarle MeadowsKen CarpenterKen CarpenterGlen MorrisGlen MorrisHelen Stephens (2)Helen Stephens (2)Harriet BrandHarriet BrandElizabeth RobinsonElizabeth RobinsonAnnette RodgersAnnette RodgersDorothy OdamDorothy Odam

German successGerman successGerman Gold Medalists include:German Gold Medalists include:Hans Woellke Hans Woellke Karl Hein Karl Hein Gerhard Stöck Gerhard Stöck Gisela Mauermayer Gisela Mauermayer Tilly Fleischer Tilly Fleischer Willi Kaiser Willi Kaiser Herbert Runge Herbert Runge Ernst Krebs Ernst Krebs Ludwig Landen Ludwig Landen Paul Wevers Paul Wevers Toni Merkens Toni Merkens Ernst Ihbe Ernst Ihbe Carl Lorenz Carl Lorenz Peter Bischoff Peter Bischoff Hans-Joachim Weise Hans-Joachim Weise Cornelius van Oyen Cornelius van Oyen Josef Manger Josef Manger

Ludwig Stubbendorff Ludwig Stubbendorff Rolf Lippert Rolf Lippert Kurt Hasse Kurt Hasse Heinz Brandt Heinz Brandt Marten von Barnekow Marten von Barnekow Heinz Pollay Heinz Pollay Friedrich Gerhard Friedrich Gerhard Hermann von Oppeln-Bronikowski Hermann von Oppeln-Bronikowski Alfred Schwarzmann Alfred Schwarzmann Konrad Frey Konrad Frey Men’s and Womens GymnasticsMen’s and Womens GymnasticsMens HandballMens HandballGotthard Handrick Gotthard Handrick Gustav Schäfer Gustav Schäfer Willi Eichhorn Willi Eichhorn Hugo Strauß Hugo Strauß Men’s RowingMen’s Rowing

Germany and USA Medal CountGermany and USA Medal Count

Germany finished Germany finished the Olympic games the Olympic games with the most with the most medals at 89.medals at 89.

33 Gold33 Gold

26 Silver26 Silver

30 Bronze 30 Bronze

The United States The United States finished second in finished second in the medal count the medal count with 56 medals.with 56 medals.

24 Gold24 Gold

20 Silver20 Silver

12 Bronze12 Bronze

Berlin/BeijingBerlin/BeijingBoth the 2008 Both the 2008 Beijing Olympics Beijing Olympics and the 1936 and the 1936 Berlin Olympics Berlin Olympics had major had major controversy over controversy over human rights.human rights.In both Olympics In both Olympics The United States The United States had threatened to had threatened to boycott the games.boycott the games.

Beijing ControversyBeijing ControversyFor this summers For this summers Olympics, China plans to Olympics, China plans to displace 1.5million displace 1.5million residents of Beijingresidents of BeijingChina has instituted harsh China has instituted harsh laws which will put citizens laws which will put citizens in jail for far longer than in jail for far longer than appropriateappropriateBeijing will banish all Beijing will banish all people who do not have people who do not have residency permitsresidency permits

Beijing will banish all Beijing will banish all vagrants, beggars, and vagrants, beggars, and people with mental illness.people with mental illness.Beijing residents will be Beijing residents will be forced to stay at home forced to stay at home during Olympics.during Olympics.China will forcibly prevent China will forcibly prevent all protesters and will all protesters and will imprison all whom they imprison all whom they feel act non-beneficial to feel act non-beneficial to the state.the state.Beijing also has a major air Beijing also has a major air pollution problem which pollution problem which will affect both citizens and will affect both citizens and athletes.athletes.

Beijing Air Quality… Beijing Air Quality…

Works citedWorks citedhttp://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/olympics.htmljsource/Holocaust/olympics.html

http://www.jesseowens.info/index.htmlhttp://www.jesseowens.info/index.html

www.wikipedia.orgwww.wikipedia.org

http://www.gamesbids.com/english/http://www.gamesbids.com/english/archives/past.shtmlarchives/past.shtml

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/1936_berlin_olympics.htm1936_berlin_olympics.htm

http://www.feldgrau.com/1936olymp.htmlhttp://www.feldgrau.com/1936olymp.html