1934 House seats by party holding plurality in state Dark Blue: 80%+ to 100% Democratic Red: 80%+ to 100% Republican Light Blue: 60%+ to 80% Democratic.

19341934

House seats by party holding plurality in state

Dark Blue: 80%+ to 100% Democratic

Red: 80%+ to 100% Republican

Light Blue: 60%+ to 80% Democratic

Green: 60%+ to 80% Progressive

Dark Pink: 60%+ to 80% Republican

Neon Blue: Up to 60% Democratic

Light Pink: Up to 60% Republican

FDR has a Public FDR has a Public MandateMandate

Spring 1935, starts the second Spring 1935, starts the second New DealNew Deal ReliefRelief, Recovery and , Recovery and ReformReform

Helping the U/EHelping the U/E Workers Progress Administration Workers Progress Administration

WPA - 1935 WPA - 1935 direct reliefdirect relief umbrella organizationumbrella organization office workers, photographers, office workers, photographers,

artists, etc. artists, etc. Dorothea Lange (migrant Dorothea Lange (migrant

workers)workers) 8-10 million jobs, 1935 and 8-10 million jobs, 1935 and

1943, $10 billion spent 1943, $10 billion spent

Helping the Youth Helping the Youth National Youth AdministrationNational Youth Administration

Get urban youth to stay in schoolGet urban youth to stay in school Why is this important?Why is this important?

327,000 high school age 327,000 high school age work while in schoolwork while in school families get paid $10-$25/monthfamilies get paid $10-$25/month

Another 155,000 – job training Another 155,000 – job training Included girls!!Included girls!!

Helping Lots of People Helping Lots of People Social Security Act Social Security Act of 1935of 1935

Income in old ageIncome in old age Income for Unemployed Income for Unemployed Income for disabled Income for disabled

Helping Farmers & Rural AmericansHelping Farmers & Rural Americans

Resettlement Administration, 1935Resettlement Administration, 1935 Small tenant, passed over by AAASmall tenant, passed over by AAA rural rehabilitation, loans, education, technical aid rural rehabilitation, loans, education, technical aid Built camps for migrant workers Built camps for migrant workers

Farm Security Administration-1937Farm Security Administration-1937 BBy out and resettle

Federal Crop Insurance Corp (FCICFederal Crop Insurance Corp (FCIC) – 38’) – 38’

Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment 22ndnd AAA, unconstitutional 1936 AAA, unconstitutional 1936 Alfa alfa, soil enriching okayAlfa alfa, soil enriching okay

Rural Electrification Administration Rural Electrification Administration – 1935– 1935 Electricity Electricity Loans to farmers Loans to farmers

Helping WorkersHelping Workers Wagner Act, 1935Wagner Act, 1935

Must allow unions; illegal to fire bc in Must allow unions; illegal to fire bc in a uniona union

National Labor Relations Board National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) (NLRB) empowered to enforceempowered to enforce

NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin Steel NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin Steel CorpCorp, 37’, 37’

Fair Labor Standards Act, Fair Labor Standards Act, 19381938 End child laborEnd child labor Min wage; max work weekMin wage; max work week

Anything Different This Anything Different This Time Around?Time Around?

An Active First LadyAn Active First Lady Eleanor traveled the country & witnessed sufferingEleanor traveled the country & witnessed suffering Encouraged by his wife, Eleanor, FDR appointed more Encouraged by his wife, Eleanor, FDR appointed more

women to federal posts than any previous president; women to federal posts than any previous president; he also included black Americans in federal job he also included black Americans in federal job programs (though they remained largely segregated).programs (though they remained largely segregated).

More Back Lash More Back Lash

FDR BacklashFDR Backlash Judicial Reorganization BillJudicial Reorganization Bill, ,

known as Court-Packing Planknown as Court-Packing Plan proposed by FDR in Feb. 1937 proposed by FDR in Feb. 1937 Over 70 must retire Over 70 must retire Hugo BlackHugo Black

Recession began Recession began Aug. 1937, after Aug. 1937, after FDR cut WPA and other programs FDR cut WPA and other programs to reduce government deficit to reduce government deficit spending spending Congress passed $5 billion emergency Congress passed $5 billion emergency

bill April 1938 bill April 1938

1938 midterm election was a 1938 midterm election was a Republican victoryRepublican victory

FDR Still Doing FineFDR Still Doing Fine

The Roosevelt Coalition GrowsThe Roosevelt Coalition Grows

Republicans still relying on the same Republicans still relying on the same electorateelectorate

Democrats expanding their electorate Democrats expanding their electorate

Reading Questions Reading Questions Why would this group of people support Why would this group of people support

FDR?FDR?

Even with FDR’s “support” what (if Even with FDR’s “support” what (if anything) does this group still lack?anything) does this group still lack?

How the New Deal How the New Deal Changed AmericaChanged America An active governmentAn active government An active first lady An active first lady A more diverse government: women; A more diverse government: women;

African Americans; Jews; ethnic minoritiesAfrican Americans; Jews; ethnic minorities Party alignment Party alignment What about the programs? What about the programs?

Which New Deal program has had the greatest Which New Deal program has had the greatest impact on America?impact on America?