EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF KARANJA BIODIESEL AND ITS APPLICATION IN A LOW COMPRESSION RATIO DIESEL ENGINE B. P. Pattanaik 1* , M. K. Mohanty 2 , B. K. Nanda 1 , S. K. Nayak 1 , R. Panua 3 , P. K. Bose 3 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 2 College of Agriculture Engineering & Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, Tripura Presented at the 4 th International Conference on “Advances in Energy Research (ICAER-2013)” 10 – 12 December 2013 , IIT Bombay
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF KARANJA BIODIESEL AND ITS APPLICATION IN A LOW COMPRESSION RATIO
DIESEL ENGINE
B. P. Pattanaik1*, M. K. Mohanty2, B. K. Nanda1, S. K. Nayak1, R. Panua3, P. K. Bose3
1School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha2College of Agriculture Engineering & Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, Tripura
Presented at the 4th International Conference on “Advances in Energy Research (ICAER-2013)” 10 – 12 December 2013 , IIT Bombay
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay
OBJECTIVES
Development of Karanja biodiesel from neat Karanja oil
by base catalyzed transesterification methodCharacterization of fuel properties of Karanja oil, Karanja
biodiesel and comparison with dieselPreparation of test fuels in the form of biodiesel blendsApplication of the test fuels to a single cylinder low
compression ratio diesel engineEstimation of various engine performance and emission
parameters for various test fuels and comparison of those with that of diesel fuel
2
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 3
INTRODUCTIONWhy Alternative Energy?Limited stock of present fossil fuel reserves which will
last for few more years to comeIncreasing rate of air-pollution from automobiles using
petroleum based fuelsAlarming increase in Green House Gases in the
atmosphereReducing health standards due to excessive automobile
pollutionContinuous hike in crude petroleum prices
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 4
Causes for Promotion of Biofuels
Contribution to the Energy Security PolicyEnvironmental ConcernsForeign Exchange SavingsSocio-Economic Issues Related to Rural SectorGreater Use of Renewable EnergyLess Green House Gas Emissions
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 5
Biodiesel as a Renewable FuelBiodiesel is a chemically derived fuel comprised of Mono-
alkyl ester / Methyl ester of long chain fatty acids of the triglycerides present in the straight vegetable oil (SVO) / animal fat obtained during the transesterification Process.
It possesses almost similar fuel properties as mineral dieselCompletely bio-degradable and non-toxicRequires no engine modifications when used in enginesProduces less green house gas emissions as compared to
diesel
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 6
Karanja as a potential source for biodiesel production
Suitable climatic and soil conditions for Karanja plantation in the Indian context
Can grow in unused and infertile landsHigher oil content in the harvested seedsCompletely non-edible vegetable oilHigher conversion yield potential for biodiesel productionLow cost biodiesel production
CONCLUSIONSThe BTE was found to be increasing and the BSEC found to be
decreasing with increase in engine power output. The BTE was highest for diesel and the BSEC was highest for Karanja biodiesel at all loads.
The CO and HC emission decrease initially at lower loads and then increases when the load is increased above 50%. The CO and HC emissions were also found to be higher for diesel.
The CO2 emission in g/kWh decreases with increase in engine power and the smoke emission increases with engine power and load. Smoke emission was higher in case of B50 and B100.
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 36
Continued….The EGT increases with increase in engine power and NOx
emission in g/kWh was found to be decreasing with increase in engine power and load. Both EGT and NOx emission were higher for Karanja biodiesel.
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 37
FUTURE SCOPEBiodiesel being more viscous than diesel may require frequent
cleaning of engine components. Use of preheated biodiesel blends in engines may be studied.
Biodiesel if used for longer time in engines causes corrosive effects. Studies on engine wear and corrosion due to the use of biodiesel must be carried out.
Biodiesel combustion causes higher combustion and exhaust temperatures. Studies must be carried out for suitable engine modifications resulting in low temperatute biodiesel combustion.
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 38
Continued….Higher NOx emission due to biodiesel combustion is a great
matter of environmental concern. Investigation must be undertaken for reduction of the same using newer methods like exhaust gas recirculation.
ICAER 2013, IIT Bombay 39
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe authors are extremely thankful to the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata and the College of Agriculture Engineering & Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha for providing laboratory facilities for conduct of the experiments.
40
REFERENCES
1. Kerschbaum, S, Rinke, G: Measurement of the temperature dependent viscosity of biodiesel fuels. Fuel 83, 287–91(2004)2. Stavarache, C, Vinatoru, M, Nishimura, R, Maed, Y: Fatty acids methyl esters from vegetable oil by means of ultrasonic
energy. Ultrason Sonochem 12, 367–72(2005)3. Wang YD, AZ-Shemmeri T, Eames P, McMullan J, Hewitt N, Huang Y: An experimental investigation of the performance and gaseous exhaust emission of a diesel engine using blends of a vegetable oil. Appl Therm Eng 26, 1684–91 (2006)4. Sundarapandian S, Devaradjane G. Experimental investigation of the performance on vegetable oil operated CI engine.
19th National Conference on I.C. engine and combustion, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, December 21–23, 87–94 (2005).5. Barnwal BK, Sharma MP. Prospects of bio-diesel production from vegetable oils in India. Renew Sust Energy Rev 9,