1920’s Immigration Restriction
1920’s Immigration Restriction
1921 Emergency Quota 1921 Emergency Quota ActAct
Immigrants per year cannot exceed Immigrants per year cannot exceed 3% of total # of people from that 3% of total # of people from that country that already are in the U.S.country that already are in the U.S.
Ethnic & National identity Ethnic & National identity determined admission to U.S.determined admission to U.S.
U.S. President Harding signedU.S. President Harding signed
Morphs into the 1924 National Morphs into the 1924 National Origins ActOrigins Act
1924 National Origins 1924 National Origins ActAct
Immigration per year cannot Immigration per year cannot exceed 2% of total # of people from exceed 2% of total # of people from that country already in the U.S.that country already in the U.S.
Permanent Policy – lasted 40 yearsPermanent Policy – lasted 40 years
Based on the 1890 CensusBased on the 1890 Census
Excluded Southern & Eastern Excluded Southern & Eastern European immigrantsEuropean immigrants
Exemptions, Exclusions & Exemptions, Exclusions & AdjustmentsAdjustments
Exempted Hispanic immigration Exempted Hispanic immigration from Western Hemispherefrom Western HemisphereMexican agriculture workers neededMexican agriculture workers needed
Excluded Asians – Excluded Asians – 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act1882 Chinese Exclusion Act 1892 & 1902 Renewed Indefinitely1892 & 1902 Renewed Indefinitely 1924 Asian Exclusion Act – Part of National Origins Act1924 Asian Exclusion Act – Part of National Origins Act
Adjusted Native American Adjusted Native American Citizenship statusCitizenship status Indian Citizenship Act of 1924Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 Interpretation of 14Interpretation of 14thth Amendment Amendment
Citizenship to persons born in the U.S. only if Citizenship to persons born in the U.S. only if “subject to the jurisdiction of”“subject to the jurisdiction of”