1914-1918: The World at War

1914-1914-1918:1918:

The The WorldWorldat Warat War

Differing Viewpoints “ “Family Feud”Family Feud” “ “Fall of the Eagles”Fall of the Eagles” “ “The War to End All Wars”The War to End All Wars” “ “The War to ‘Make theThe War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’” World Safe for Democracy’”

CausesCausesof theof theWarWar

1. The Alliance SystemTriple EntenteTriple Entente:: Triple AllianceTriple Alliance::

Two Armed Camps!Allied PowersAllied Powers:: Central PowersCentral Powers::

The Major Players: 1914-17

Nicholas II Nicholas II [Rus][Rus]

George V [Br]George V [Br]

Pres. Poincare Pres. Poincare [Fr][Fr]

Allied PowersAllied Powers::

Franz Josef [A-H]Franz Josef [A-H]

Wilhelm II [Ger]Wilhelm II [Ger]

Victor Emmanuel Victor Emmanuel II [It]II [It]

Central PowersCentral Powers::

Enver PashaEnver Pasha[Turkey][Turkey]

Europe in 1914

2. Economic & Imperial Rivalries

3. Aggressive Nationalism

Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914

The“Powder

Keg”of Europe

TheThe

“Spark“Spark””

Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

The Assassination: Sarajevo

The Assassin:GavriloPrincip

Who’s To Blame?

After the Archduke was killed, a series After the Archduke was killed, a series of events was set in motion, to change of events was set in motion, to change

the world.the world.1. A-H declared war on Serbia.1. A-H declared war on Serbia.

2. Russia mobilized to aid Serbia.2. Russia mobilized to aid Serbia.3. Germany aids A-H, declares war on Russia.3. Germany aids A-H, declares war on Russia.

4. France mobilizes to aid Russia.4. France mobilizes to aid Russia.5. Germany declares war on France.5. Germany declares war on France.

6. Germany invades Belgium.6. Germany invades Belgium.7. UK declares war on Germany.7. UK declares war on Germany.

8. OE mobilizes to aid Germany and A-H.8. OE mobilizes to aid Germany and A-H.9. Italy joins France, UK, and Russia.9. Italy joins France, UK, and Russia.

10. Bulgaria joins OE, Germany, and A-H.10. Bulgaria joins OE, Germany, and A-H.11. US joins Italy, France, UK, and Russia11. US joins Italy, France, UK, and Russia

The Schlieffen Plan

German Atrocities in Belgium

Mobilization

It's a long way to Tipperary,It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go;It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary,It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know!To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly,Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square,Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary,It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there!But my heart's right there!

Home by Home by Christmas!Christmas!

No major war No major war in 50 years!in 50 years!

Nationalism!Nationalism!

Recruitment Posters

A Young Australian Recruit

Recruits of the Central Powers

Austro-Austro-HungariansHungarians

A German A German Soldier Says Soldier Says

Farewell to His Farewell to His MotherMother

New French Recruits

A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

Soldiers Mobilized

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

France Germany Russia Britain

Mill

ions

WomenWomenand and thetheWarWar

EffortEffort

Financing the War

For Recruitment

Munitions Workers

French Women Factory Workers

German Women Factory Workers

Working in the Fields

A Woman Ambulance Driver

Red Cross Nurses

Women in the Army Auxiliary

Russian Women Soldiers

Spies

“Mata Hari” Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle German Spy!

Posters:Posters:

WartimeWartimePropaganPropagan

dada

Australian Poster

American Poster

Financing the War

German Poster

Think of Your Children!Think of Your Children!

The The Western Western Front:Front:

A “War of A “War of

AttritionAttrition””

A Multi-Front War

The Western Front

Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare

““No Man’s No Man’s Land”Land”

Sacrifices in War

Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

AmericAmericaa

JoinsJoinsthethe

AlliesAllies

The Sinking of the Lusitania

The Zimmerman Telegram

The YanksAre

Coming!

Americans in the Trenches

The War of The War of thethe

Industrial Industrial Revolution:Revolution:

NewNewTechnologyTechnology

French Renault Tank

British Tank at Ypres

U-Boats

Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

The Airplane

“Squadron Over the Brenta”

Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

The Flying Aces of World War I

Eddie Rickenbacher, US

FrancescoBarraco, It.

Rene PaukFonck, Fr.

Manfred vonRichtoffen, Ger.

[The “Red Baron”]

Willy Coppens deHolthust, Belg.

Eddie “Mick”Mannoch, Br.

Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant

Looking for the “Red Baron?”

The Zeppelin

FlameThrowers

GrenadeLaunchers

Poison Gas

Machine Gun

““Art”Art”ofof

WorldWorldWar IWar I

“A Street in Arras”John Singer Sargent, 1918

“Oppy Wood” – John Nash, 1917

“Those Who Have Lost Their Names”

Albin Eggar-Linz, 1914

“Gassed and Wounded”Eric Kennington, 1918

“Paths of Glory”C. R. W. Nevinson, 1917

German Cartoon:“Fit for active service!”,

1918

11 a.m., November 11, 1918

The Armistice is Signed!

9,000,0009,000,000 DeadDead

The Somme American Cemetary, France

116,516 Americans Died116,516 Americans Died

World War I Casualties

01,000,0002,000,0003,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,0007,000,0008,000,0009,000,000

10,000,000RussiaGermanyAustria-HungaryFranceGreat BritainItalyTurkeyUS

Turkish Genocide Against Armenians

A Portent of Future Horrors to Come!A Portent of Future Horrors to Come!

Turkish Genocide Against ArmeniansDistricts & Vilayets of

Western Armenia in Turkey 1914 1922Erzerum 215,000 1,500Van 197,000 500Kharbert 204,000 35,000Diarbekir 124,000 3,000Bitlis 220,000 56,000Sivas 225,000 16,800     Other Armenian-populated Sites in Turkey    

Western Anatolia 371,800 27,000Cilicia and Northern Syria 309,000 70,000European Turkey 194,000 163,000Trapizond District 73,390 15,000

Total 2,133,190 387,800