(1893) Typhoon Anchorages (Pilot Guides)

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CHINA.IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS

I. -MISCELLANEOUS SERIES: No. 20.

TYPHOON ANCHORAGES.

PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF

/SHANGHAI:

PUBLISHEU AT THE 81' ATI HT I U A L DEPARTMENT OP THE INSPECTORATE GENERAL OJ'A'AND SOLD BY -' ' "KELLY & WALSH, LIMITED; QHANGHAI, HONGKONG, YOKOHAMA, AND SINGAP; \'''

LONDON: P. s. king & son, oanada building, king street, wESTMr'

[PWc^ 10.50.] ^*^-'^-


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QJatttell 3lltttact0tta SItbratg

CHARLES WILLIAM WASONCOLLECTION

CHINA AND THE CHINESE

THE GIFT OFCHARLES WILLIAM WASONCLASS OF 1876

1918


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Cornell University LibraryVK 905.A53Typhoon anchorages /

3 1924 023 947 041


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The original of this book is inthe Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions inthe United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924023947041


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CHINA.

IMPEEIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS,lll.-MISCELLANEOUS SERIES: No. 20.

TYPHOON ANCHORAGES.

PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF

SHANGHAI:PUBLISHED AT THE STATISTICAL DEPARTMENT OP THE INSPECTORATE GENERAL OP CUSTOMS,

JUn) SOLD BYKELLY & WALSH, LIMITED : SHANGHAI, HONGKONG, YOKOHAMA, AND SINGAPORE.LONDON : P. s. KING & SON, Canada building, king street, Westminster, s.w.

[Price $0.50,] ^s^^*


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TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Pcye.Inspector General's Despatch No. 933 of 3rd April 189 1 to Kowloon Commissioner iMr. Commissioner Brown's Despatch No. 2,241 of 30th June 1893 to Inspector General 3

Enclosure No. I : Commander Wtlbs's Report on anchorages round Hongkong 4Enclosure No. 2 : Commander Stewart's Eeport on anchorages round Hongkong (wUh Map) 6Enclosure No. 3 : Acting Commander Eoss's Eeport on anchorages, etc., in neighbourhood

of Hongkong ... 8Mx. Commissioner Brown's Despatch No. 2,208 of isth June 1893 to Inspector General . ... 11

Enclosure : Admiralty Chart No. 1,466, with names of places in Chinese and their Englishor Cantonese equivalents ; also alphabetical list of names on the chart 12


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TYPHOON ANCHORAGES.

Inspector General to Kowloon Commissioner.

No. 933. Commrs.Kowloon. No. 22,850.

SIR,

Peking, 3rcZ April 1891.

I.I AM directed by the Inspector General to acknowledge receipt ofyour despatch No. 1,536 :

Reporting District Occurrences for January :and to say that as the Commanders of our Revenue Steamers must by this timehave become familiar with the navigation round about Hongkongknowing themerits and the disadvantages of the various anchorages, the set of tides, etc., etc.,notes should be kept by them recording their experience in these and kindredmatters ; and from their notes some kind of memorandum should be drawn up forthe use and guidance of our vessels.

(Signed) E. B. DREW,Chief Secretary.


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TYPHOON ANCHORAGES.

Kowloon Commissioner to Inspector General.

No. 2,241. Custom House,IG- Kowloon

^ 3^^^j^ ^g^^HongkongSib,

In your despatch No. 933 you expressed a wish that the Captains of the cruisersstationed in this district should send in Reports regarding the various anchorages which theyregarded as safe in times of storm or typhoon in the waters round about Hongkong. Yourinstructions were carried out at the time, and I now enclose copies of the Reports received fromCaptain Wtles (Chuentiao), Captain Stewart (Kaipan), and Acting Captain Ross (Likvn).

The chart forwarded to you in my despatch No. 2,208 will serve to illustrate theseReports.

I have, etc.,

J. McLEAVY BEOWN,Commissioner of Customs.

ToSIR ROBERT HART, Baet., G.C.M.G.,

Inspector General of Customs,PEKING.


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TYPHOOK ANCHORAGES.

ENCLOSURE No. i.

No. 60. 1 89 1. Revenue Steamek "Chuentiao,"Kowloon. 12. FoTAUMUN Pass, 28fA Jfay 1891.

SlE,

In accordance with your letter of 13th' May, - -j-- . I ^^E to forward thefollowing remarks about our anchorages round Hongkong :

Ghangchow.Good anchorage aU the year round in 3I to 4 fathoms of water, and mudbottom. The tide is only felt as rise and fall in the bay. The pass between Lantao andChangchow is weU observed from this anchorage. There is plenty of fresh water; provisionsmay be bought here for the Native crew.

West Lamma Bay affords good anchorage during the north-east monsoon in 6 fathomsof water, with mud bottom. During the summer months it is too open to south-westerly galesto be used with safety on account of heavy swell. The tide runs north and south in WestLamma Channel at the rate of i to i| knots. A vessel stationed here has the entire controlover the whole West Lamma Channel. In the little bay on the north-west point of Lamma isfrequently seen a Canton gun-boat.

Picnic Bay gives good shelter in aU winds. Anchorage in 6 to 7 fathoms of water,with George Island Pass just shut in and Stanley Bay well open of east point of Lamma. Thetide runs north-west and south-east in East Lamma Channel ; maximum speed, about 2 knots.This anchorage is exceptionally good for watching Sulphur Channel, Aberdeen, and Stanley Bayat all times. Fresh water is obtainable.

Bays on south end of Lam/ma.I do not consider the two small bays on south end andsouth-east end of Lamma Island good anchorages, being too open to south-westerly, southerly,and easterly winds. There is rocky bottom, with 4 to 5 fathoms more water than given inthe charts.

Putoy Island.The little bay on south-west end is a good place for watching any boatsattempting to go through Shingshimun Pass ; it is, however, very much exposed to a heavy swelleven during the north-east monsoon, and is quite unsafe during the summer months. It shouldnot be used except in very fine weather. Castle Rock, open in the pass on the west-south-westside, gives 150 yards all round off the beach and 6 fathoms of water, with sand bottom.


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TYPHOON ANCHORAGES. 5Sunkong.I have been at anchor off the south-easterly end of the island during the

summer months in 20 fathoms of water, with rocky bottom ; it is a somewhat dangerous placefor a vessel, being too exposed to wind and sea from all directions. The tide runs east andwest at a rate of 3 to 3J knots. There are 5 to 6 fathoms more water round Sunkong andWaglan than represented in the chart.

Fotaumun Pass.The best place for a vessel to anchor is opposite the joss-house on themainland, in 6 fathoms of water. She will then be able to watch Tathong Channel as far asPutoy, also Fotaumun Pass. The tide through this pass is very strong. Fresh water may befound here at times.

Bay inside Steep Island and Trio Islets (north of Fotaumun Pass) is a splendidanchorage during the south-west monsoon, but entirely open to easterly gale and swell. Thereare 8 fathoms of water, with mud bottom. It is a good place for watching boats passing theNine Pins or going to the numerous bays to the north. The tide is not felt in this bay.

I have, etc.,

(Signed) W. S. WYLES,Commander.

ToJ. McLEAVY BROWN, Esquire,

Commissioner of Customs,KOWLOON.


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TYPHOON ANCHORAGES.

ENCLOSUKE No. 2.

No. 184. Kevenue Steamer "Kaipan,"Picnic Bat, Lamma Island, loth August 1891.

Sir,

I have the honour to report, in compliance with your instructions contained indespatch j^ , dated 13th May 1891, with reference to forwarding a summary of informationrelative to the merits of the different anchorages round Hongkong Island, as follows :

Laichikok.Cheungshawan (^ ^ j^) makes an excellent anchorage in all weathers,and is recognised as a typhoon anchorage. In bad weather the steam-pinnace can be mooredwith safety close to Shamshuipo (^ tJc Jf). Laichikok Bay is rather too exposed to thesouth-west to be considered a good anchorage in bad weather.

Ghinwan is a safe anchorage in all weathers for both ship and steam-pinnace, and is arecognised typhoon anchorage for small craft.*****

owloon Bay is a good anchorage in aU weathers ; from experience, a position betweenTaipintong (^ @ J^) and the Channel Rocks makes the best typhoon anchorage I know of.

jj; y -(. -V- ^

Fotochoiv.This anchorage is recognised as an excellent place to anchor during atyphoon ; the steam-pinnace can be sent to the head of the bay, north of Junk Island, where shewill be perfectly safe. (The marks for a good anchorage for a vessel are to the northward ofJunk Island, with Collinson Light just open of west point Junk Island, in about 4I fathoms.)

Anchorage between Junk Island and Slope Island in 6 or 7 fathoms is fairly good in mostweathers.

Fotaumun.Joss House Bay makes an excellent anchorage, but one that cannot beadopted in stormy weather, as a heavy sea rolls in through the Fotaumun and up the TathongChannel.

After a heavy north-east gale Fotaumun (pass) should be entered with great caution, asa bank of shingle is often thrown up, which is afterwards washed away by the tides.*****

hangchow and south of Hongkong.The west bay of Changchow makes a very goodanchorage in nearly all weathers, and has frequently been used as a typhoon anchorage, thoughit is not recommended, for the number of junks that arrive there at the last moment for shelter


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^14 'ctvftzn

Stone Crtrfier

'^Nyauchi

"5 ') K ( ;tVoAawan^ m

mmta^- IS i^* n* mm m^ mm:kt^m:kMm

Name in English.

Sheungshu (Tylong Head) (Tai-longtau) (Cape D'Aguilar).Sheungshumun (Shingshimun

Shicko (Sheagaw) (Shiko) (EockyBay).

Shikchung.Shikli.

Shikmikok.Shiko (Shicko) (Sheagaw) (Eocky

Bay).Shikpaiwan.Shikpaiwan (Aberdeen).Shiktoi.

Shiktongtsui (Sheegthong Head).Shingshimun Pass (Sheungshu-

mun).Shuikai.Shuitsengwan (Aldrich Bay).Siuchiksha.Siupintong.Slope Island (Chanchau).Sogoow Bay (Kunguwan).Sokkuwan (Picnic Bay).Soshikau.Stanley (Chikchu) (Cheagtchu).Stone Cutter's Island (Ngong-

shunohau) (Wonchuchau).Sungkeung (Sunkong).

Sunkong (Sungkeung).Sywan (Chaiwan).Sywan Bay (Pakshawan).

Taiohiksha.Taihowan.Taikoksai.


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16 TYPHOON ANCHOBAGES.

PositionON

Chart.


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TYPHOON ANCHORAGES. 17

PositionONChart.


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I[l.-MI8CELLANEOLJ8 SERIES.

No. 1.The TAr.iFF Tables: First Issue Published 1868.2.Ten Years' Statistics 1873.3.Vienna Exhibition Catalogue ,, 1873.4.Philadelphia Exhibition Catalogue 1876.5.Paeis Exhibition Catalogue ,, 1878.6.TjIst of Chinese Lighthouses, etc. : Twenty-first Issue

(First Issue, 1872) 1893.7. List or Chixese Lighthouses, etc. : Chinese Version of

the Twenty-first Issue (First Issue, 1877) ,, 1893.8.General Tariff List , 1879.^2erlin Fishery Exhibition Catalogue 1880.

10.Names or Places on the China Coast and the YangtzeRiver; First Issue 1882.

ILLondon Fisheries Exhibition Catalogue ,, 1883.12.Rules regarding Notarial Acts to be performed by

Commissioners of Customs, and Forms of Protest :Second Issue (First Issue, 1SS2 : Circular No. 187) 1883.

13.London Health Exhibition Catalogue ,, 1884.14.New Orleans Exposition Catalogue ,, 1884.15. English-Chinese Glossary of Technical (" Lights," etc.)

Expressions: First Issue ,, 1885.16.r'ATALOGUE OF CuSTOMS PUBLICATIONS, WITH PrICES :First Issue ,, 1887.17.List of Chinese Medktnes ,, 1889.18.The Tauiff Tables, 1885: Second Issue ,, 1889.19.Treaties, "Regueations, etc, between Corea and other

Powers, 1876-89 ,, 1801. 20.Typhoon Anchor A(iEs ,, 1893.

(1893) Typhoon Anchorages (Pilot Guides)

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