1831: Nat Turner leads slave uprising in Virginia 1834: anti-abolitionist riots in Philadelphia and New York 1845: Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself 1847: Liberia proclaims independence (first African Republic) 1849: Harriet Tubman (Underground Railroad)
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1831: Nat Turner leads slave uprising in Virginia 1834: anti-abolitionist riots in Philadelphia and New York 1845: Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the.
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1831: Nat Turner leads slave uprising in Virginia 1834: anti-abolitionist riots in Philadelphia and
New York 1845: Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life
of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself
1863-1865: American Civil War 1863: Emancipation Proclamation by President
Lincoln 1865: Slavery outlawed by 13th Amendment -
“black codes” issued in former Confederate states, severely limiting rights of freed women and men
1865: the Ku Klux Klan is created in Tennessee
1865: “40 acres and a mule” are promised for compensation to freed African American slaves after the Civil war— 40 acres of land to farm, and a mule with which to drag a plow so the land could be cultivated.
1868: Congress passes 14 th Amendment, granting blacks equal citizenship and civil rights
1870: 15th Amendment guarantees suffrage to all male U.S. Citizens
1875: Civil Rights Act
1877: Federal Troops withdrew from the South 1883: Supreme Court overturns Civil Rights Act
of 1875 1890: Mississippi limits black suffrage through
“understanding” test 1894: Ida B. Wells, A Red Record
1895: Booker T. Washington, Atlanta Exposition Address
1896: Supreme Court approves segregation (Plessy v. Ferguson)
1900: Booker T. Washington, Up from Slavery
1903: W.E.B. DU Bois, The Souls of Black Folk
1906: Madame C. J. Walker opens hair-care business
1908: Jack Johnson becomes first African American heavyweight champion of the world
1917: the 369th Infantry Regiment (Harlem Hellfighters): the first African American Regiment in World War I
1919: 83 lynchings recorded during “Red summer of hate”
The lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith, August 7, 1930
Billie Holiday, “Strange Fruit”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4ZyuULy9zs Strange Fruit