18.3 Kingdoms and Domains. Updates to Linnaeus’ System a. Some organisms had to be reclassified as we learned more -Example: Sponges had to be reclassified.

18.3 Kingdoms and Domains

Updates to Linnaeus’ System

a. Some organisms had to be reclassified as we learned more

-Example: Sponges had to be reclassified from plants to animals when microscopes were used to see the type of cells they had.

b. Changed from 2 to 6 kingdoms.

-Linnaeus- 2 kingdoms (plants, animals)

-Now- 6 kingdoms!

Sponges

Organisms Classified Using Five Characteristics:

1. Cell Type- Prokaryote or Eukaryote

2. Cell Wall- Does it have one?

3. Body type- Unicellular or multicellular

4. Nutrition- Heterotroph or autotroph

5. Genetics-Similiarities in DNA.

Three Domains:

1.Bacteria-Unicellular prokaryotes that have a strong cell wall and unique genetic system. Same as the eubacteria kingdom.

2. Archaea-Unicellular prokaryotes that have chemically unique cell walls. They live in extreme environments. Same as the Archeabacteria kingdom. BRAIN POP!

3. Eukarya-Organisms made up of eukaryotic cells. (Plants, animals, fungi and protists).

Characteristics of Eukaryotes

Plants-Autotrophs (make their own food).

-Cell Walls (made of hard cellulose)

-Mostly multi-cellular

Characteristics of Eukaryotes

Animals-Heterotrophs (must consume food)

-No cell wals

-Multi-cellular

Characteristics of Eukaryotes

Fungi-Heterotrophs

-Cell wall (made of hard chitin)

-Mostly multi-cellular

Characteristics of Eukaryotes

Protista-The “left overs” kingdom

-Autotrophs or heterotrophs

-Cell wall or no cell wall

-Multi-cellular or uni-cellular

BRAIN POP II!