1.8.2010QFS20101 MICROKELVIN EUROPEAN MICROKELVIN COLLABORATION 1.4. 2009 – 31.3. 2013 Professor Mikko Paalanen Aalto University Finland.

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVIN

EUROPEAN MICROKELVIN EUROPEAN MICROKELVIN COLLABORATIONCOLLABORATION

1.4. 2009 – 31.3. 20131.4. 2009 – 31.3. 2013

Professor Mikko PaalanenProfessor Mikko PaalanenAalto UniversityAalto University

FinlandFinland

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVIN

EU-funded network of 12 Europeanlow temperature laboratories

FP7Capacities Specific Programme

Research Infrastructures

EU Call INFRA-2008-1.1.1 Bottom-up approach:

Integrating Activities in all scientific and technological fields ~150 applications

29 funded

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVIN

PARTICIPATING INSTITUTE SCIENTIFIC REPRESENTATIVE

1. Aalto University Mikko Paalanen2. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Henri

Godfrin3. Lancaster University George Pickett4. Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg Christian Enss5. Royal Holloway and Bedford New College John Saunders6. Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa Francesco Giazotto7. Ustav Experimentalnej Fyziky Slovenskej Akademie Vied Peter Skyba8. Universitaet Basel Dominik Zumbühl9. Technische Universiteit Delft Teun Klapwijk10. BlueFors Cryogenics Rob Blaauwgeers11. Universiteit Leiden Tjerk Oosterkamp12. Physicalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin Thomas

Schurig

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A!

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WEB-SITEWEB-SITEhttp://www.microkelvin.eu/

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINManagement structure

NA1 Activity

European Commission

Project coordinating personManagement Committee

Advisory Board

Management OfficeProject coordinating personAdministratorWeb-officerLegal advisor

NA-TEAMCoordinatorDissemination Committee

JRA-TEAMCoordinator

TA-TEAMCoordinatorSelection Panel

GeneralAssembly

JRA4Activity

TA1Activity

TA3Activity

TA2Activity

NA4Activity

NA3Activity

NA2Activity

NA1Activity

JRA3Activity

JRA2Activity

JRA1Activity

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINActivities and budgets

TOTAL BUDGET 5 396 177,40 € (EU-funding 4 199 988,50 €)

MANAGEMENT NA1: Managing MICROKELVIN Collaboration (Tentative budget 260 800 €)

NETWORKING ACTIVITIES (Tentative budget 779 680 €) NA2: Coordination of transnational access NA3: Knowledge and technology transfer NA4: Strengthening European low temperature research TRANSNATIONAL ACCESS ACTIVITIES (Tentative budget 1 290 897 €) TA1: Access to TKK TA2: Access to CNRS TA3: Access to ULANC

JOINT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES (Tentative budget 3 064 800 €) JRA1: Opening microkelvin regime to nanoscience JRA2: Ultralow temperature nanorefrigerator JRA3: Attacking fundamental physics questions by μK condensed-matter experiments JRA4: Novel methods and devices for ultra low temperature measurements

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINTRANSNATIONAL ACCESS ACTIVITIES

MICROKELVIN will offer access to microkelvin refrigerators AALTO Espoo, Finland 27 visitor-months18 users 14 projects CNRS Grenoble, France27 visitor-months18 users 14 projects ULANC Lancaster, UK 27 visitor-months18 users 14 projects

MICROKELVIN will open microkelvin regime for nanoscientists

AALTO Micronova, Finland 100 visitor-hours 5 users 5 projects

MICROKELVIN will support the users of the infrastructure Scientific support Logistic and technical support Outreach to new users

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINTRANSNATIONAL ACCESS ACTIVITIES

MICROKELVIN will pay travel and housing expences to the visitors per diem to the visitors to cover their other expences access fee to the host institute (about 9 000 €/visitor-month)

Access fee covers rent of the facility salaries of the support personnel consumables

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINTRANSNATIONAL ACCESS ACTIVITIES

Selection Panel Mikko Paalanen (chair), Henri Godfrin, George Pickett, John Saunders,

Peter Skyba, Jan Kees Maan, Per Delsing, Paul Leiderer and Rudolf Gross

Selection Criteria The accepted experiments have to represent excellent science with

unique goals. They have to be technically feasible for the available instruments in our

facilities. Scientific and technical progress is expected. Preference is given to first time users from countries lacking low

temperature facility. Special attention will be paid to new EU-countries and young starting

professors.

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AALTOAALTOLow Temperature Laboratory

EQUIPMENT OFFERED FOR ACCESS1) a rotating cryostat with a 300 K base temperature

2) a stationary cryostat with a 10 K base temperature 3) 2 cryostat with 20 mK base temperature 4) 2 cryostats with 20 mK base temperature, 24 hour cool

down time to 100 mK temperature, and 0-10 GHz range for high frequency experiments

5) magnetometer model MPMS 5T (Quantum Design), for fast susceptibility, magneto- and Hall resistance measurements at 1.6 - 400 K temperatures and 0 - 5 Tesla fields.

SUPPORT PERSONNEL2 technicians working in the machine shop1 technician delivering the cryoliquids 1 chief engineer in charge of the cryohall and the semi

clean room

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CNRS GRENOBLECNRS GRENOBLEInstitute Néel

EQUIPMENT OFFERED FOR ACCESS1. The ultra-low temperature dilution refrigerator and nuclear demagnetisation DN1 (100 μK), equipped with two different nuclear stages (Lancaster-type and lamellar type)2. The ultra-low temperature dilution refrigerator and nuclear demagnetisation DN2 (100 μK – presently being installed - available end 2009)3. The ultra-low temperature dilution refrigerator and nuclear demagnetisation DN3 (100 μK

available at the end of 2009 in the Canfranc underground site (LSC) for experiments requiring good cosmic-ray shielding.4. The high cooling power and very low temperature dilution refrigerator DR1 (T < 5 mK) 5. The very low temperature pulse-tube cooler based dilution refrigerator PT-DR3 (T < 8 mK)6. The dilution refrigerator based 50 mK-STM facility, 7. The dilution refrigerator based 100 mK-micro-SQUID facility, 8. Access to the thermometric platform, to the low-field continuous and pulsed NMR spectrometers, and ancillary equipment.

SUPPORT PERSONNEL3 technicians1 chief engineer2 senior scientists DR11 scientist CR2

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LANCASTER UNIVERSITY LANCASTER UNIVERSITY

Ultralow Temperature Laboratory

EQUIPMENT OFFERED FOR ACCESS

1. Cryostat 4 cools superfluid 3He down to 100 μK

2. Cryostat 2 cools superfluid 3He down to < 80 μK, copper down to 10 μK

3. Cryostat 5 cools superfluid 3He down to < 80 μK, copper down to 6 μK

SUPPORT PERSONNEL2 technicians

1 senior scientists

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MICROKELVINMICROKELVINTransnational Access ActivitiesTransnational Access Activities

ACCEPTED PROJECTS 30.6. 2010TA1 Aalto: 11 projectsTA2 CNRS: 4 projectsTA3 Lancaster: 2 projects

COMPLETED PROJECTS 30.6.2010TA1 Aalto: 8 projects 11.6 moTA2 CNRS: 1 project 1.3 moTA3 Lancaster: 2 projects 2.0 mo

http://www.microkelvin.eu/project-activities-transnational.php

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Joint Research Activity 2 (JRA2)Joint Research Activity 2 (JRA2)

Ultralow temperature nanorefrigeratorUltralow temperature nanorefrigerator

AALTO, CNRS, RHUL, SNS, BASEL, DELFTAALTO, CNRS, RHUL, SNS, BASEL, DELFTActivity leader: Professor Jukka PekolaActivity leader: Professor Jukka Pekola

Objectives 1. Thermalizing and filtering electrons in nanodevices2. To develop an electronic nano-refrigerator that is able to reach sub-10 mK electronic temperatures 3. To develop an electronic microrefrigerator for cooling galvanically isolated nanosamples

AALTO and CNRS: nanorefrigeration by superconducting tunnel junctionsSNS: coolers based on semiconductors (quantum wires and dots)BASEL very low temperature thermalization and filtering DELFT and RHUL: end users of the nano-coolers

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Task 1: Thermalizing electrons in nanorefrigerators Task 1: Thermalizing electrons in nanorefrigerators (AALTO, CNRS, BASEL)(AALTO, CNRS, BASEL)

Ex-chip filtering:Sintered heat exchangers in a 3He cellLossy coaxes/strip lines, powder filters, ...

On-chip filtering:Lithographic on-chip filtering

W. Pan et al., PRL 83, 3530 (1999)

A. Savin et al., APL 91, 063512 2007

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Task 2: Microkelvin nanocooler Task 2: Microkelvin nanocooler (AALTO, CNRS, SNS(AALTO, CNRS, SNS))

Aim is to develop sub - 10 mK electronic cooler

Normal metal – superconductor tunnel junctions-based optimized coolers (AALTO, CNRS, DELFT)

Towards lower T: Improved quality of tunnel junctionsThermometry at low T?Lower Tc superconductorQuasiparticle relaxation studies in sc and trapping of qp:s

Quantum dot cooler (SNS)

GaAs2DEG

ReservoirQD1 QD2

Drain Source

QD3

Therm.lead

GaAs 2DEG

Metallic split gates

VD

VTh

VS

V31

V33

V32

V11

V12

V13 V2

1

V22

V23

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Task 3: Development of a 100 mK, electronically-cooled platform Task 3: Development of a 100 mK, electronically-cooled platform based on a 300 mK 3He bath based on a 300 mK 3He bath

(AALTO, CNRS, RHUL, DELFT)(AALTO, CNRS, RHUL, DELFT)

Commercial, robust SiN membranes (and custom made alumina) as platforms (AALTO)Epitaxial large area junctions (CNRS)Optimized junctions (e-beam and mechanical masks)

RHUL and DELFT use these coolers for experiments on quantum devices

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DeliverablesDeliverables

Task 1D1: Analysis of combined ex-chip and on-chip filter performance (18)D2: Demonstration of sub-10 mK electronic bath temperature of a nano-electronic tunnel junction device achieved by the developed filtering strategy (30)Task 2D3: Analysis of sub-10 mK nano-cooling techniques including (i) traditional N-I-S cooler with low Tc, (ii) quantum dot cooler (24)D4: Demonstration of sub-10 mK nanocooling with a N-I-S junction (48)Task 3D5: Demonstration of 300 mK to about 50 mK cooling of a dielectric platform (36)D6: Demonstration of cooling-based improved sensitivity of a quantum detector (48)

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MICROKELVIN JRA2 kick-offMICROKELVIN JRA2 kick-offYstad Sweden Ystad Sweden June 24, 2010June 24, 2010

List of participants:AALTO: Jukka Pekola, Matthias Meschke, Juha Muhonen, Simone Gasparinetti SNS: Francesco Giazotto, Panayotis Spathis,Orlando QuarantaDELFT: Eduard Driessen, Nathan VercruyssenCNRS: Hervé Courtois, Laetitia Pascal, Hung NguyenBASEL: Dominik ZumbuhlRHUL: Giovanna Tancredi

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Achievements by July 2010Achievements by July 2010

Task 1:AALTO: On-chip filtering suppresses significantly leakage and dissipation in NIS junctions – theoretical model developed and experimental demonstration performedBASEL: Sophisticated microwave ex-chip filtering demonstrates electron temperature of 18 mK

Task 2:SNS: Quantum dot thermometry and thermal transport measurements performedAALTO: AlMn as a normal material tested for cooler purposes CNRS: Electron and phonon temperatures measured separately

Task 3:CNRS: Epitaxial large tunnel junction process under wayAALTO: Coolers on silicon nitride membranes produced, cooling power degraded in the first experiments by poor efficiency of the cold fingerDELFT: Kinetic inductance detector fabricated and demonstrated (performance improvement by cooling) on a platform produced by AALTORHUL: Tests of Josephson junctions on cooler platforms (together with AALTO)

5 or more articles on JRA2 either published, submitted or under preparation for publication

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Please!Acknowledge the support of the European

Community — Research Infrastructures underthe FP7 Capacities Specific Programme,MICROKELVIN project number 228464.

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INDIVIDUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSINDIVIDUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

All MICROKELVIN employees must have an IPR argreement with their host Institute!

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MICROKELVIN REPORTS AND REVIEWSMICROKELVIN REPORTS AND REVIEWS

Periodic reports: 30.11. 2010 30. 7. 2012

Final Report 31.5. 2013

Mid Term Review 30.9.2011

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MICROKELVIN USERS MEETINGSMICROKELVIN USERS MEETINGS

Users Meeting 1: 15. – 16. 10. 2010, Helsinki

Users Meeting 2: August 2012, Lancaster In connection of QFS2012?