18.2 History of U.S. Parties
18.2 History of U.S. Parties. The Start of Political Parties Realignment = When a party's base of support among the electorate changes. The people who.
Apr 01, 2015
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18.2 History of U.S. Parties
The Start of Political Parties
Realignment = When a party's base of support among the electorate changes.
The people who support a party change. Can also mean when a party changes.
The First Political Parties
Parties appeared soon after the new Constitution.
Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
George Washington warned the country against parties.
Refused to belong to either!
The First Political Parties
Federalists led by Alexander Hamilton. Supported new industry, tariffs.
Democratic-Republicans led by Thomas J. Supported farming as best for nation.
The End of the Federalists
The 1796 and 1800 Elections. `John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson wins in 1800.
The death of Alexander Hamilton (1800-1824)D-R's dominate U.S. Politics.
The First Realignment
1824 election. D-Rs support 4
candidates. Henry Clay and John
Quincy Adams Strike a deal, leave out Jackson.
Jackson furious, splits his supporters into new party!
Democrats
The First Realignment
1828 Election, Democrats vs. Whigs Jackson beats J.Q.A., Democrats win most
elections until 1860.
Democrats Whigs
Opposed “Special Privileges”Supported Slavery
Opposed Tariffs, Govt. Programs
Pro small-farmer/pioneer, small businessmen
Supported Govt. ProgramsHigh Tariffs
Liked new IndustryNot popular with immigrants
The Second Realignment
Slavery causes both parties to split in half. New Anti-Slavery Party, the Republicans.
– Free Soil, Free Men, and Fremont (1856)
The Second Realignment
Republicans lose in 1856, win in 1860. The South secedes, Civil War begins!
Post-War Parties
Parties confined to different regions after ACW.
Republicans in the North, Democrats in South.
Democrats gain support among immigrants.
The Third Realignment
1896 election
William J. Bryan (D) vs.William McKinley ®
W.J.B.'s platform
Return to moral, conservative roots.
Govt. to support the Common Man.
The Third Alignment
Republicans Democrats
Supported;High Tariffs
Govt. Subsidies for businesses
Gold Standard
Supported;Anti-Trust Laws
Farmer ProgramsGovt. Assistance to
workers.
Big BusinessProfessionals (Middle
ClassSkilled Workers
FarmersWorking Poor
The Third Alignment
(1896-1932) Republicans control Presidency for all but 8 years.
Only Woodrow Wilson (D) broke this.
The Fourth Realignment
Caused by Great Depression!
Democrats = Pass New Deal, party of big government
Republicans = Oppose New Deal, become party of less govt.
The Fifth Realignment?
(1932-1968) Democrats control Fed. Govt.
(1968) New Deal Coalition falls apart.Labor Groups, Urban residents, southern whites, African Americans.
Southern Whites vote Republican for Nixon.
Party Platforms stay same.
Voting Patterns change.
Real Alignment?
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