17. CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES. (approx. lecture time: 4 lectures) Topics covered: 17.1-17.2A-I,17.3-17.8,17.13. Some important carboxylic acids R H O R R O R OH O R X O R O R O R O X O Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapters 18 and 19 CH 3 CO 2 H OH O O CH 3 O CH 3 OH O OH O O O Na + _ HO O OH O H 3 C OH OH O OH O HO O OH
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17.CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES. ( approx. lecture time: 4 lectures) Topics covered: 17.1-17.2A-I,17.3-17.8,17.13. Some important carboxylic acids.
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Addition-Elimination at the Acyl Carbon (explains > 95% of the chemistry)
ORDER OF REACTIVITY:
> R-CN
Nitrileand acid
“Acyl transfer”
Interconversion of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
In principle, any carboxylic acid derivative can be converted to another. In practice, acid chlorides (RCOCl), being the most reactive, are best for making them all (except nitriles)
interconversion between amide and nitrile:
This reaction is also an “acyl transfer”
All acyl transfers
Acid anhydrides are next in reactivity, and these can be converted to esters and amides: