1.7: The 13 Original Colonies AMERICAN HISTORY I UNIT 1 – EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION DAY 7 – THE 13 BRITISH COLONIES
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1.7: The 13
Original
Colonies AMERICAN HISTORY I
UNIT 1 – EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION
DAY 7 – THE 13 BRITISH COLONIES
Essential Questions
What were the major
defining characteristics
of the 3 colonial regions?
Which colonies were in
each region?
Why come to the new world?
The 4 G’s:
Gold: to increase wealth by gaining land and natural resources
God: to escape religious persecution or spread religion
Glory: to be recognized as a famous explorer or claim new land for your country
Going to start a new life
Who Came?
Spanish (Florida
and Caribbean)
English (East
coast)
French (Canada,
New Orleans)
Dutch (New York)
German
(Pennsylvania)
European
Colonization
of North
America
Colony
A group of people who leave their native country to form a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation
In this case:
13 original colonies = Colonies
Great Britain = parent nation
Mother Country = England
Wealth comes from=
13 colonies
Types of Colonies
Charter/Proprietary: Owned by an
individual or group—given the land by the
monarch in Britain
Joint-Stock: owned by investors in a
company that used the land to make $$$
Royal Colonies: owned and ruled by the
king through a royal governor
You are responsible for knowing which colonies are in
which region!
Colonial
Regions
1. New England
2. Middle
3. Southern
New England Colonies (4):
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
New England Info.
Economy:
Trade (Big cities)
Shipping
Small farms
Government:
Town Meetings
(direct
democracy)**
New England Colonies, cont.
Religion:
Mainly settled by people seeking religious freedom
Most common religion was Puritan
These people were escaping persecution in England from Anglicans
Roger Williams was a colonial preacher
Banished from Mass. for his idea of Separation of Church and State (This means the views of the church and laws of the state may be different)
**Later this idea was in the 1st Amendment (Bill of Rights)
Middle Colonies (4):
Pennsylvania
New York
New Jersey
Delaware
Middle Colonies Info.
Economy:
Livestock
Hunting
Small farms
Trading center of Colonial America Britain depended on
this area for Mercantilism
EX. Buy tobacco cheaply, turn into cigarettes and sell back to America at high profits
Middle Colonies, cont.
Population: Most populated
area in America
Religion: Had religious
freedom which included Catholics, Quakers, etc.
Contributed to religious DIVERSITY
Southern
Colonies (5):
Maryland
Virginia
North
Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Southern Colonies
Economy:
Plantations,
Single cash crops
Tobacco**, indigo
Few cities (mainly rural)
Slave labor
Colonial Government
Royal Governors were
appointed by the
King.
They were responsible
for collecting taxes
Elected assemblies
tried to enforce their
rights to approve or
disapprove taxes
Colonial Government, cont. (Some Review)
Colonies set up elected assemblies similar to British Parliament
Virginia: 1619—the House of Burgesses was created—FIRST
EXAMPLE OF SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE COLONIES. (rep.
democracy)
Connecticut: Wrote a constitution to set up their government
in 1639 called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Town Meetings: An example of direct democracy in
Connecticut & Mass.
Colonial Religion
Puritans
Protestants that wanted to purify the Church of England.
Pilgrims: Puritans that left England to practice their beliefs in New England (Mayflower)
Religious Dissenters
disagreed with puritans and were exiled from Mass.
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Salem Witch Trials: 1692, Mass.; executed people accused of witchcraft. Ex. Of restricted religious freedom
Quakers (Society of Friends)
Religious group that settled
in Pennsylvania
Led by William Penn
Believed in equality,
tolerance, and religious
freedom
Catholics
Persecuted in Europe and
in some colonies
Most settled in Maryland
and middle colonies
Vocabulary:
Colony
New England Colonies
Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies
Cash crop
Separation of Church & State
House of Burgesses
Questions:
What were the reasons settlers would come to the
colonies?
What are the differences between proprietary,
joint-stock and royal colonies?
Which region seems most attractive to new
settlers?
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