17-18 A+ 16 A- 14-15 B 13 C 11-12 D 0-10 F. Happy New Year!! Week Seventeen (January 4-8) Day 1- Quiz Chapter 17 and prepare discussion questions ---

• 17-18 A+• 16 A-• 14-15 B• 13 C• 11-12 D• 0-10 F

• Happy New Year!!

• Week Seventeen (January 4-8)• Day 1- Quiz Chapter 17 and prepare

discussion questions ---

• Day 2-Read HR 118-128 (GRAPES-Spain in North America, Spain in South America, Brazil, French N America, English N America)

• Week Eighteen (January 10-14)

• Day 1- Chapter 18 quiz and prepare discussion questions

• Day 2- DBQ

• Week Nineteen (January 18- 21

• Day 1- Chapter 19 quiz and prepare discussion questions

• Day 2- DBQ

• Week Twenty (January 24- January 27)

• Day 1- Chapter 20 quiz and prepare discussion questions

• Day 2- Unit Exam Chapter 15-20

Chapter 15

Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450

• Polynesian

• Madagascar

• Arab

• Dhow

• Chinese Ming

• Zheng He

• Vikings

European Expansion• Iberian kingdoms

– Wanted to access trade with Asia – Used to warfare

• Portuguese– Prince Henry– New technologies – African Coast – Private Commercial interests – Bartolomeu Dias – Vasco da Gama

• Spanish– Christopher Columbus– Treaty of Tordesillas– Ferdinand Magellan

Reaction to Europe • Western Africa

– Liked trading with Europe – Benin– Kongo

• Eastern Africa– Some fighting with Swahili states – Christian Ethiopia

• Portuguese violently dominated most of the Indian ocean – Mughals ignored them – Ottomans tried to fight

• The Americas– Arawak– conquistadors– Hernan Cortes– Francisco Pizarro

Chap 16

Protestant Reformation• Guttenberg • Martin Luther

– indulgences– salvation could be by faith– based on the Bible

• John Calvin– Predestination

• Council of Trent– Jesuits – “Catholic Reformation.”

• Wars of religion

Supernatural

Witch-hunts

Superstition

The Scientific Revolution

• Greeks and the Romans

• Copernicus

• Galileo

• suppressed

• Isaac Newton’s

• Francis Bacon

• Rene Descartes

Early Enlightenment• Government, religion, economics, and

education • Reason, nature, happiness, progress, and

liberty. • Thomas Hobbs

– social contract

• John Locke – natural rights .

• Voltaire • Montesquieu

– separation of powers

• Rousseau • secular • Individuality

Changing Soc-Political Patterns I• State Development

– absolutist rulers– Bourgeoisie– alliances with commercial elites

• Charles– Spain

• England– Henry VIII

• England Civil War – Oliver Cromwell– Glorious Revolution– William and Mary– Bill of Rights

Changing Soc-Political Patterns II

• France – Estates General– Louis XIV – Colbert– Versailles

• Standing armies- navies • English Royal Navy defeated Spain’s

Catholic Armada• France, Britain, Austria, and Russia• Netherlands

Economic Changes

• Bourgeoisie• manufacturing, finance, trade• joint-stock companies and stock exchanges• African slaves contributed greatly to Europe's

economy• New World crops• Spain• alliances with commercial elites• Netherlands

– Amsterdam

Chapter 17

Spain and Portugal

The Columbian Exchange

• Diseases • Maize• Potatoes • Tobacco• Population • Livestock • Sugar

Political -Religious

• Authority held by European kings – Council of the Indies

• Viceroys of New Spain and Peru – held great power.

• Thwarted local economies and politics • The Catholic Church –

– transferring language, culture, and Christian beliefs.

– Bartolome de Las Casas- New Laws of 1542.

– Blended Christian beliefs own ritual.

Colonial Economies• Silver mines of Peru and Mexico

• Sugar plantations of Brazil.

• Environmental effects

• Slavery–encomienda

–mita.

– Brazil- Sugar plantation• African Slaves

• Monopolized goods coming in and out

Society• Spanish immigrants –Peninsular

• American-born descendants (creoles)– castas – mestizos – Mulattos– Zambos

• Natives

• Africans

Early English Experiments

• Failure.

The South

• The Virginia Company – Jamestown-– Tobacco – Slaves

• Carolinas – Slave-labor – Rice and indigo.

New England

• The Pilgrims, – Plymouth Colony in 1620

• Puritans– Massachusetts Bay

• Commerce and shipping

• Boston

The Middle Atlantic Region

• Dutch –New Netherlands

• English take over – New York– Commercial and shipping center

• Pennsylvania – Quakers– Grain-exporting – Philadelphia

French America

• Missionary work- Jesuits

• fur trade

• Louisiana

• Canada to the English

Expansion

• Colonies became larger and wealthier

• Europeans tried to tighten control

• American born Europeans wanted more independence

• Slave and Native uprisings

• Wars for independence

• How did European market demand for natural resources and forest products affect the relationship of Amerindian peoples with each other and with their environment?

• What were the demographic effects of the Columbian exchange?

• How and why did the colonial administrations of Spanish and Portuguese colonies differ from those established by the English colonies in North America?

• What role did the environment play in the development of the economies of the New World colonies?

• How many different forms of labor organization can you identify in the various New World colonies? What factors explain the development of different forms of labor organization and the transition from one form to another?

• What factors explain the differences in social organization of the Spanish, Portuguese, French, and English colonies in the New World?

• How To Read a Document (PPA)• Plot summary-

– What is the basic subject matter, content, approx date, and place.

– What else was going on around the same time and place? Does this relate to something else.

• POV-– Who produced it– Who was the intended audience– What was the motivation in creating it– Do you “trust the document”

• Analysis – Does this document help to answer the question