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F R I C T I O N
2 Two Year Warranty
HI-TECH Education is a market leader in the manufacture and
provisionof teaching equipment for Universities and Technical
Collegesworldwide for both degree and vocational level.
It has been designing and manufacturing “hands-on”
Engineeringteaching equipment for almost 50 years and has a wealth
ofknowledge and experience within the educational and
trainingindustry. Its worldwide network of agents guarantees a fast
andprofessional response to all enquiries.
The FRICTION range of HI-TECH Education equipment enables clear
andcomprehensive learning of FRICTION and TRIBOLOGY covering a
varietyof theories and topics. An understanding of the way in which
Frictionacts is fundamental when studying the application of loads
on a varietyof surfaces. The FRICTION range forms a comprehensive
set ofequipment, from simple inclined planes to complete Tribology
Trainerssuitable for demonstration and experimental work.
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HFN3 Clutch Plate FrictionThe wall mounted apparatus comprises a
lower stationary plate attached to asturdy wall mounting bracket.
On top of this stationary plate sits an upper platewhose shaft
rotates in ball bearings. Sandwiched between the lower and
upperplates are three interchangeable friction discs of different
diameters. Each onesits onto location pins in the lower plate. The
minimum force on the friction discis the self weight of the upper
plate, but the contact pressure can be increasedby adding weights
to the upper plate. Pure torque is applied to the upper
platethrough two loaded cords and pulleys. The cords wrap around a
groove in theupper plate. A set of calibrated weights and load
hangers are supplied whichenable the loading force to be varied and
applied torque to be adjusted also.
Tel: +44 (0)1794 388382 Fax: +44 (0)1794 388129 Email:
[email protected] Ltd
HFN1 Friction on an Inclined PlaneThe compact bench top unit has
a sturdy base plate, non-slip feet and centralvertical pillar.
Pivoting on the pillar is a ground steel plane which can belocked
in any angular position between ±45°, indicated on a
semi-circularprotractor scale. Two composite slider trays are
supplied in Aluminium/Steeland Nylon/Brass pairings. Each tray in
turn is attached to a load hanger andweights are added until the
tray just begins to slide. The slider trays also allowadditional
weight to be added. The hanger cord pulls the tray up the
slopingplane whilst passing over a pulley and bearing. The
experiment may also beused as an exercise in equilibrium of forces,
determining the force required tomove the tray along the plane
giving the coefficient of friction.
HFN6 Bearing FrictionThis experiment provides an opportunity to
study the efficiencyof journal bearing friction over a range of
commonly usedmaterials. The wall mounted apparatus consists of a
flywheelon a horizontal shaft carried in a pair of similar
bearings, theflywheel being used to even out small variations in
friction.The shaft is of mild steel, and interchangeable bearings
in arange of materials are provided. For comparison a ball or
rollerbearing is available to demonstrate the advantages of
rollingrather than sliding contact. Torque is applied by a loaded
cordwrapped round the flywheel shaft. A set of calibrated
weightsand load hanger is supplied for loading the flywheel.
HFN4 Pivot FrictionThe wall mounted apparatus consists of a
rotating circular table on a vertical shaft at thebottom of which a
variety of end pivots can be attached. The table rotates on
aninterchangeable seating selected to match the conical angle of
the pivot. Pure torsion isapplied to the table by a pair of cords
diametrically opposite on its periphery and passingover pulleys to
load hangers. The standard apparatus is supplied with four sets of
pivotswith vertex angles of 60° 90° 120°and 180° (flat). The
seating is in mild steel and the pivotis in brass. In addition a
ball thrust bearing is included to show the difference
inperformance. Students can study the effect of the conical angle
of a pivot bearing andobtain the coefficients of friction for
bearings of different design. All load hangers andcalibrated
weights are supplied.
HFN5 Journal FrictionThis apparatus is designed to determine the
friction torque in a plain journal bearing undervarying conditions
of load, speed and lubrication. The ground steel journal shaft is
driven by avariable speed electric motor. The journal housing has a
thermometer pocket, a lubricator anda removable end cover. Friction
due to end face contact is very much reduced by the use of
a"floating" sleeve. Friction torque is measured by adding weights
to a load hanger suspendedfrom the damped torque arm. Weights added
to the lower hanger apply a steady load to thejournal bearing. A
set of journal sleeves are supplied as standard. A tachometer is
provided formeasurement of the journal shaft speed, which can be
controlled. An oil drip tray is providedto ensure all oil passing
through the journal bearing is captured. A full set of weights,
hangersand tools is provided.
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Tel: +44 (0)1794 388382 Fax: +44 (0)1794 388129 Email:
[email protected] Ltd
HFN9 Friction of BeltsThe apparatus consists of a wall mounted
pulley with aloaded belt. The pulley is made of aluminium and
hastwo machined grooves to suit a flat and a vee belt. Eachbelt
fits into its respective groove during testing. For agiven belt
tension and angle of lap, a turning momentcan be applied by adding
weights to the pulley drivehanger. The studentdetermines thetorque
which justcauses the pulley toturn, and so find theratio of the
belttensions. Thisenables the belttension equation tobe verified
and thecoefficient of frictionto be determined.The angle of lap
canbe easily varied byplacing one end ofeach belt at
differentangular positions onthe wall bracket. Aremovable pin
andbar are used toenable the variousangular positions tobe
achieved. A set ofcalibrated weightsand hangers issupplied to
achievethe loadings desired.
HFN20 Tribology Trainer Base UnitThe system allows full
investigations into sliding and rolling friction using a numberof
individual modules that attach to a common base unit (HFN20). The
system canundertake experiments on stick/slip, pin on disc,
elastrohydrodynamics, journalbearings and more. The HFN20 base unit
consists of an aluminium profiled frame,with integral grooves for
attaching the individual modules, making for quick andeasy
attachment. The integral motor has couplings for attaching the
individualmodules and is speed controlled from the speed control
unit supplied. Fine tuningof the motor speed is accomplished
through the potentiometer on the front of theunit. The speed
control unit also has a digital display for the motor speed and
forcegenerated from the strain gauging technology incorporated into
the relevantmodules. All the modules must be used with the HFN20
base unit.Optional Modules: HFN20a, HFN20b, HFN20c, HFN20d, HFN20e,
HFN20f,HFN20g
HFN15 Slipping FrictionWith this apparatus students can verify
the expression forperiodic time of an oscillatory motion by
determining anumber of parameters. This apparatus continuously
subjectstwo surfaces to a condition of slipping friction.
Theapparatus involves a clever application of simple harmonicmotion
as a test rod supported on two contra-rotatinggrooved wheels
oscillates longitudinally. A variable speedelectric motor drives
the grooved wheels. A removable beltguard covers the drive
mechanism. A set of test specimens issupplied in different
materials, diameters and solid or hollowsection. The main variables
are the coefficient of friction, thesize and the weight of the
specimens. The whole apparatus isbuilt on a heavy base. A speed
controller and all necessarytools are provided.
HFN11 Brake Drum FrictionStudents can compare the braking effect
of a leading and trailing shoewith this apparatus. In addition the
coefficient of friction for the brakelining on the drum can be
evaluated. At one end of a baseplate is a pairof bearing brackets
carrying an aluminum alloy brake drum on a shaft.The bracket on the
open side of the drum provides the bottom pivot for abrake shoe and
another for a 1 : 1 lever actuator at the top of the shoe.A cord
from this lever passes over a pulley at the other end of
thebaseplate and then down to a load hanger. This creates a braking
load tothe system. A groove on the outside of the brake drum has an
attachedcord which may be wound round in either direction, thus
providing arotational torque. The cord passes over a second pulley
at the far endand then down to another load hanger. To simulate a
trailing shoe thecord comes from the top of the drum; for a leading
shoe it comes fromthe underneath.
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Horsebridge Mill, King's Somborne, StockbridgeHampshire SO20
6PX, EnglandTel: +44 (0)1794 388382Fax: +44 (0)1794 388129Email:
[email protected]: www.p-a-hilton.co.uk
P.A.Hilton LtdRepresented by:
HFN2 Mitchell PadHFN7 Hertzian contactHFN8 Rope Belt
FrictionHFN16 Journal BearingHFN20a Stick-Slip Friction Vibration
ModuleHFN20d Journal Bearing Pressure distribution Module
HFN20e Block on ring ModuleHFN20f Rolling/Sliding ModuleHFN20g
Cross Cylinder ModuleHFN21 Hydrodynamic BearingHFN22 Friction Force
MeasurementHFN23 Precision Friction Force Measurement
OTHER EXPERIMENTS AVAILABLE (Refer to our Website for
details)
HFN20c Elastohydrodynamic ModuleThe HFN20c Elastohydrodynamic
Module is one of a range ofmodules which allows the study of the
behaviour of a film oflubricant between a sphere and disc. It must
be operated with theHFN20 Tribology Trainer Base Unit (sold
separately). Whenconnected to the HFN20 the ground steel ball is
pressedunderneath a rotating precision glass disc. A thin film of
lubricantruns between the sphere and disc. The disc is speed
controlled fromthe HFN20. An integral microscope passes light
through the glassdisc and the film of lubricant at the point of
contact. The light isthen reflected from the surface of the sphere.
The interference ringsproduced allows the film thickness to be
assessed. The microscopeposition can be adjusted. A lever arm and
screw jack mechanismallows the sphere to be pressed accurately into
the glass disc. Aload cell, with strain gauging technology,
monitors the contactforce being applied which is then fed into the
HFN20 for displaying.
HFN20b Pin on disc Friction moduleThe HFN20b Pin on Disc
Friction module is one of a range ofmodules which allows the study
of sliding and rolling friction. Itmust be operated with the HFN20
Tribology Trainer Base unit (soldseparately).When connected to the
HFN20 the ground steel disc is speedcontrolled. A variety of pins,
manufactured from different materialscan be attached to a lever
arm. The pins rest onto the surface ofthe disc. As the disc is
rotated the lever arm is forced in thedirection of rotation, and
against a load cell which then monitorsthe friction force. A load
hanger is suspended from one end of thelever arm such that the
contact pressure between the pin and disccan be varied. A set of
calibrated weights is supplied. The disc runsinside a surround
which enables lubrication to be added withoutspillage. This varies
the experimental parameters and resultsobtained.
Tel: +44 (0)1794 388382 Fax: +44 (0)1794 388129 Email:
[email protected] Ltd
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