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Research Council Meeting-August 03, 2015: Agenda Papers

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15th MEETING OF THE RESEARCH COUNCIL (August 3, 2015 )

AGENDA ITEMS

1. To confirm the proceedings of 14th meeting of the Research Council held on August 2, 2014

2. To report action taken on the decisions of 14th meeting of the Research Council

3. To present the highlights of research work done from August 3, 2014 to date

4. To place before the Council the list of research projects sanctioned since last meeting (August 3, 2014 to date)

5. To place before the Council the abstracts of the Ph.D. theses submitted and approved since last meeting (August 3, 2014 to date)

6. New items put forth by the Hon’ble Members of Research Council

7. Any other item (s) with the permission of the Chair


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DETAILED AGENDA ITEMS Item No.1: To confirm the proceedings of the 14th meeting of the Research Council

held on August 2, 2014 Item No.2: To report action taken on the decisions of the 14th meeting of the Research

Council Non adoption of zero tillage technology Dr. S.P. Sharma, Director of Research and Member Secretary apprised the members that the Department of Agricultural Engineering supplied 4 Zero-till-drill, one each to Una, Berthin, Kangra & Bajaura for testing. The Department has also evaluated at Mollichuk and Banuri villages of Palampur Tehsil. The technology was feasible only under paddy-wheat rotation in Una district on large plot size (> 1 kanal plots). The high cost of zero-till seed-cum- fertilizer drill was a constraint to the small & marginal farmers of the district. At rest of the centres, the zero-till-drill could not be tested for want of power tiller. Dr. J.C. Rana, Director of Agriculture told that this technology is beneficial and there is conservation of resources. He emphasized that power tillers should be made available to the remaining three KVK’s also for testing this technology. The Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor said that the power tiller should either be purchased or made available from the adjoining research centres/ KVK’s Action: As reported by the Director Extension Education, CSKHPKV, Palampur, the Zero-

Till Drill could not be tested / evaluated at the remaining three KVKs ie. Bajaura, Berthin and Kangra due to non-availability of power tiller and non-allocation of funds under recurring contingency.

Establishment of Intellectual Property Rights Unit and Patents granted to CSKHPKV The Member Secretary informed the house that IPR guidelines have been developed by a committee constituted for the purpose. The Director of Agriculture said that the guidelines may be got approved from the Board of Management. Dr. R.C. Sharma, Director of Research, UHF, Solan informed that UHF, Solan has already formulated the guidelines. The Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor added that the guidelines should be uniform in both the Universities. Action: The IPR guidelines of the University have been formulated in accordance with the

guidelines framed by the University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan. After approval from the Council, the same will be placed before the Board of Management for further approval.

Recommendations regarding use of organic inputs

Dr. SP Sharma informed the house that adhoc guidelines are in place, the ITKs have been collected from different parts of the country and 25 ITK’s have been validated by the Department of Organic Agriculture and their validation can further be done at KVKs and Research stations. The Director Agriculture said that the university has already given adhoc guidelines for organic farming and there is a need to include these in Package of Practices as supplement to increase their wider accessibility to the farmers. He also added that 10-15 thousand copies of ITKs be got printed in Hindi for distribution among the farmers of the state.


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Action: Inclusion of adhoc guidelines of organic farming for important crops in the package of practices is in progress. The work of translating the ITKs from English to Hindi has been taken-up. The expenditure for getting the copies of ITKs printed in Hindi will be met out of the project “Niche Area of Excellence in Organic Agriculture” funded by the ICAR which is in operation in the Department of Organic Agriculture of the University. However, the funds of the project have not been released by the funding agency so far. After receipt of funds from the funding agency (ICAR), the required copies of the ITKs will be got printed in Hindi and made available to the Director of Agriculture.

Identification of crops which can be promoted in areas of monkey menace The Director of Agriculture emphasized that damage to crops by stray animals is also increasing and there is a need to tackle this problem and further added that fencing of agricultural fields in a village in Harsipattan locality by the Department of Agriculture has been found successful. Dr. NK Pathania, Director Extension Education, suggested about the solar fencing to tackle the problem of stray animals. The Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor added that dry dairying can be an alternative to tackle this problem and emphasized the importance of dung and urine of the animals. Action: As suggested by the Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor to tackle the problem of stray animals,

efforts have been made to implement the concept of dry dairying in the University. A project proposal on “ Establishment of a Model Gausadan at CSKHPKV, Palampur” worth Rs. 370.00 lakh has been formulated and submitted to the Director Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Himachal Pradesh for funding. By way of this project, technologies for rearing unproductive cows and harvesting products from dung and urine could be put to effective use.

Soil health and pest management under polyhouse conditions

Dr. S.P. Sharma, Member Secretary informed that IPM module has been developed for Tomato, Capsicum and Cucurbits. Research efforts have been initiated for the management of new insects and diseases recorded under polyhouse conditions. He also added that new crops are being evaluated to raise the crops round the year in the polyhouse. Action: The soil samples from the polyhouses of farmers of Kangra, Hamirpur and Bilaspur

districts have been analyzed for soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Thrips in capsicum and mealy bug in tomato have been found to be the new pests under polyhouses in low hills. For the management of root knot nematode, neem cake, metham sodium and dazomet have been found promising. Demonstrations are being undertaken at farmers’ fields. The pesticide residues have been worked out for dicofol (foliar spray at recommended dose) and imidacloprid (soil application at double dose) in cucumber and capsicum, respectively. The waiting periods of 2 and 5 days have been found under protected environment. Research is also going on for the management of new diseases i.e. gray leaf spot of capsicum and target leaf spot of tomato. Pesticides approved for use on chilli by CIB&RC are being evaluated for pest management in capsicum.

Standardization of polyhouse models for each agro-climatic zone

The Member Secretary informed that the polyhouse designs have been developed for different agro-climatic zones including Zone IV. He also added that polyhouse design has been standardized at Lari and has been found perfectly alright and design can be recommended to


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Agriculture Department, whereas, poly-tunnels will be evaluated at Lari during the current year. The Director Extension Education added that polyhouses are very relevant in Zone-IV and can be modified by increasing slope and putting wire-mesh under the sheet. He also emphasized that low tunnels can be suitable for nursery raising or kitchen gardening but not for commercial production.

Action: The polyhouse designs have been tested at HAREC, Kukumseri and RSS, Lari. For

exhaustive testing, 4 new polyhouses (two at MAREC, Sangla, one each at RSS, Lari and HAREC, Kukumseri) are being constructed under RKVY. After exhaustive testing under all the three conditions, the Department of Agricultural Engineering will be able to recommend the polyhouse designs for zone-IV of H.P.

Hybrid Rice testing & recommendations for their adoption in Zone-I and II Dr. SP Sharma informed that the hybrids from the private companies are being evaluated and based on testing Sahyadri (CVRC), Arize 6444 have been recommended for north zone whereas, under Zone-I/Zone-II (Mid Hills: <1000m) Arize 6129, PAC 807, US 312, Arize Swift (Moderately resistant to neck blast and leaf blast) are performing better and Arize Gold, BS 10008 (Resistant to neck and leaf blast), NPH-909 (Pavan) and INDAM 10-387 (susceptible neck blast) are under evaluation. Action: During Kharif, 2014, nine rice hybrids from private companies were evaluated along

with two checks Arize-6129 and Arize Swift. Amongst them, six rice hybrids viz., BS-10008, JKRH-2082, NPH-369 (Raja), BS-049, BS-6129 Gold and JKRH-2067 were found suitable for commercial cultivation in Zone-I of the state.

Strengthening of research work in spices in view of upcoming Spice Park at Hamirpur

The Member Secretary informed that the research work on potential spice crops of the State has been taken up long back in the University. He informed the house about the potential varieties of these crops (Turmeric, Onion, Fenugreek, Chilli & Garlic). Dr. JC Rana emphasized that before taking up the seed production of any variety it must be ensured that the variety is notified and at least one variety of these crops must be got notified for seed production. He also added that the state has been given a target of 500 ha to be put under onion cultivation. Action: Six varieties of different spice crops viz. Palam Pitamber and Palam Lalima of

turmeric, Palam Lohit of Onion, Palam Soumya of Fenugreek, Surajmukhi of Chilli and GHC-1 of Garlic have been released by the University for general cultivation in different agro-climatic conditions of the State. The breeder/ certified seed of these varieties is also being produced by the University. Further research work is in progress.

Improved Implements supplied to Department of Agriculture: Problems in Palam Plough The Member Secretary informed that the issue regarding the defects in Palam Plough was discussed by the scientists of Deptt. of Agricultural Engineering with farmers and ADOs of Sarahan and Nahan Blocks and the matter was further taken up with the manufacturer. The Director Agriculture emphasized that R&D wing should look into this matter to give more strength to the plough to avoid its bending.


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Action: Palam Plough design has been modified and again it is under testing. Breeder seed of Ginger

The Member Secretary informed that 10 quintals breeder seed of ginger is available with UHF, Solan as intimated by Director of Research, UHF, Solan & can be supplied to the Department of Agriculture during 2014. He has further intimated that more quantity of breeder seed of ginger can be provided in future if the indent for the same is received by the University well in time. The Director Agriculture asked Director of Research, UHF, Solan to inform about the potential of production of ginger seed in their University. Action: The University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan has supplied 9.0 quintals

of ginger seed to the Deputy Director of Agriculture, Nahan, Distt. Sirmour (HP). As far as potential of breeder seed production is concerned, the university can produce 20-25 quintals of ginger seed. However, during the current year 2015, the university is going to produce 12-15 quintals of ginger seed.

Strengthening Research Efforts on Developing Improved Varieties of Pea

The member secretary informed that Palam Sumool can be a substitute to Azad P-1 but few problems restricting its popularization and needs improvement. The Director of Agriculture emphasized that notification of the variety is needed prior to its large scale multiplication and also added that Azad P-3 can be included in package of practices after its notification and also highlighted the importance of Peas seed as 15000 q of seed is procured every year from Tarai region for meeting out the requirement of the state. Action: The rectification of defects of improper pod filling in Palam Sumool has been

initiated and few promising transgressive segregants have been identified for evaluation. The Azad P-3 variety has been released by CSA University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur and is popular among the farmers of the State. The farmers obtain seeds from unknown sources and can be included in the package of practices for which the process will be initiated to evaluate Azad P-3 at different research stations and farmers fields for submitting the proposal for release in Himachal Pradesh.

Item No.3 (i): Sh. Rattan Gautam, Registrar, CSKHPKV, Palampur suggested to include the Rajmash of Kullu, Bara Bhangal and Chuhar Ghatti for GI registration

Action: The Breeders involved in pulse improvement programme have been assigned the

task to visit the Rajmash growing areas of Kullu, Bara Bangal and Chuhar Ghatti in collaboration with the Scientists of KVK Mandi/ Bajaura/ Kangra for collecting the information in respect of cultivation of landraces/farmers varieties and their commercial utilization. Besides, information will also be gathered in respect of various features like taste, cooking quality and aroma. The whole information will be compiled by the Department of Crop Improvement so as to initiate the process of their registration with the PPV&FRA, New Delhi and the Geographical Indicator (GI) by the Registrar, IPR Cell, Guna (M.P.).

3(ii) The Member Secretary apprised that university produced 31.89 q nucleus seed,

774.43 q breeder seed and 645.85 q of foundation seed of different Cereals, Pulses,


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Vegetables, Fodder Crops during 2013-14. Polyhouse design protocols suitable for mid-hills (Zone-II: parts of district Kangra, Kullu, Mandi, Solan, Sirmaur) were evolved and also included in package of practices. Promising cultivars of high value vegetable crops namely, capsicum, tomato and cucumber for utilization under protected environment were suggested. Good agricultural practices (GAP) for production of crops under polyhouse conditions comprising canopy management, nutrient management and bio-intensive pest management practices for selected crops were evolved. Dr. JC Rana pointed out that in future data on planting material of fruits and nursery of vegetable crops should also be compiled and made available to the Research Council.

Action: The Department of Horticulture, CSKHPKV, Palampur has produced 39,592 fruit plants (Litchi, Mango, Kagzi Lime, Papaya, Aonla, Guava, Strawberry and Loquat) during Rainy season 2014 and 56,717 (Pecan, Apple, Peach, Nectarine, Pear, Apricot, Kiwi, Pomegranate, Persimmon and Plum) during Winter season of 2014-15. The Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture has produced 326.79 kg seed of different Vegetable crops (Broccoli, Onion, Chilli, Cauliflower, Okra, Radish, Pea, French bean, Chinese Cabbage, Palak, Brinjal and Tomato) during 2014-15. In addition, 3,14,156 seedlings of winter season vegetables (Onion, Lettuce, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Chinese Cabbage and Knol Kohl) and 52,615 seedlings of Summer season vegetables (Summer Squash, Cucumber , Bottle Gourd, Bitter Gourd, Brinjal, Chilli, Capsicum and Tomato) have also been produced during 2014-15.

3(iv) The Member Secretary informed that evaluation of poly tunnel in Spiti valley is in progress to provide vegetable nursery to farmers. The Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor asked to make & test these poly-tunnels before the snowfall. The Director Extension Education added that there is ample scope of trench polyhouses in Spiti area for raising vegetables.

Action: Poly tunnels supplied by the Department of Agricultural Engineering to HAREC, Kukumseri, RSS, Lari and MAREC, Sangla were installed in the Research farm of these stations for evaluation. It has been found that these tunnels sustained heavy snowfall and were suitable for raising vegetable nurseries.

3(v) The Member Secretary informed that block level soil fertility map will be ready by 30th September 2014 and digitization will be completed by 31st October, 2014.

Action: GPS/ GIS based block level soil fertility map of 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh have been prepared and uploaded in the University website.

Item No. 6: Researchable Issues Put forth by Dr. J.C. Rana, Director of Agriculture,

Himachal Pradesh. 1. Recommendations for post-emergence herbicides for vegetable crops: The Member

Secretary informed that the work in this direction will be taken up.

Action: A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season 2014-15 to develop post-emergence weed control technology in garden pea. Application of Imazethapyr @ 80 g/ha as early post-emergence (2-3 leaf stag of the crop) gave good control of weeds in garden pea.


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2. Recommendations regarding control of Karnal Bunt: Dr. Dhanbir Singh informed that spray of Tilt at Flag leaf stage and at 50% emergence of ears can take care of this problem.

Action: High incidence of Karnal Bunt (upto 16%) during rabi 2014-15 was observed due to frequent rainy weather during ear emergence. There is recommendation of effective disease management technology in the package of practices of rabi crops i.e. spray of propiconazole fungicide (@ 1ml/l) at flag leaf stage and at 50% emergence of ears.

Recommendations for use of water soluble fertilizers for various crops: The Member Secretary informed that the work in the polyhouse for one year has been done. Further validation and testing under open field conditions has been initiated.

Action: The experiments on tomato, cucumber and capsicum have been conducted on balanced fertilization involving water soluble fertilizers from last two seasons/ years under polyhouse conditions to standardize the fertigation doses, frequency and method of application. Adhoc recommendations have been generated.

4. Potential of onion as winter crop: The Member Secretary informed that Brown Spanish variety of onion can be grown in high hills. The Hon’ble Vice Chancellor told that Volunteer Centre for Onion Research has been sanctioned to this university and under this centre material can be procured from NRC on Onion Crop.

Action: The seed material of long day onion genotype has been procured from the Central Temperate Horticulture Research Institute, Srinagar and IARI, Regional Station, Katrain. The seed material so received has been sown at the research farm of the Department of Vegetable Science during the current Kharif season for further multiplication and testing in the high hills.

Researchable Issues Put forth by Dr NK Pathania, Director Extension Education, CSK HPKV, Palampur 1. Management of sudden wilt of bottle gourd: The Director Extension Education informed

that red pumpkin beetle helps in spreading the wilt. The Member Secretary informed that the scientists from department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Research station, Akrot will be advised to formulate the project for funding.

Action: Projects were formulated and submitted to different funding agencies. A project “Eco-friendly management of Sudden wilt of Bottle Gourd” worth Rs. 2.84 lakh was sanctioned by the Project Director, ATMA, Palampur to the University and has been implemented in the Department of Plant Pathology.

2. Rhizome rot resistant variety of ginger: Dr RC Sharma, Director Research, UHF, Solan informed that the resistant varieties are the ultimate solution for this disease and added that some resistant lines at UHF Solan are in advance stage and can be finalized in the years to come. The Associate Director HAREC Dhaulakuan informed that work has been done in past and now this will be revived in due course of time.

Action: The Associate Director, HAREC, Dhaulakuan has procured 3.0 kg seed of new Ginger Genotype SG-26-04 (IC 593889) from UHF, Solan and the same has been sown at the research farm of the station during the current kharif season for further multiplication.


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3. Development of root rot wilt (disease complex) resistant varieties in garden pea: At present there is no root rot wilt resistant variety in pea. There is need to identify the sources of resistance and their exploitation in breeding for disease resistance.

Action: The research work on development of root rot wilt (disease complex) resistant varieties in garden pea has been initiated by the Department of Vegetable Science & Floriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur.

6.3. Researchable Issues put forth by Dr. Gurcharan Singh, Director-cum-Warden of Fisheries, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh

1. Evolving breeding technology of Schizothorax (Snow trout) ISSUE: Schizothorax is a dominant fish in the riverine catches of hill streams. Emergences

of various hydro-electric projects have adversely affected fish production in the state rivers, thereby affecting the Livelihood of over 6000 fisher folk. Some technology needs to be developed for captive rearing of Schizothorax for raising its brooders and its artificial breeding, so that its stock is restored in the rivers.

Action: The Department of Fisheries, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur has collected the fries and fingerlings of snow trout from nearby streams and are being reared in the departmental farm pond separately in captivity. The feed of this fish is being fortified with Vit. E @ 2%. The fingerlings of this fish will be raised to the brooder size and subsequently technology of breeding would be evolved.

2. To evolve low cost feed for trout and carp ISSUE: Presently, the trout fish feed being prepared at Indo-Norwegian Trout Fish Farm,

Patlikuhal is costing Rs. 100-120/-per kg. This cost includes only the cost of ingredients. No labour or infrastructure cost is included in it. This high cost of trout feed is due to the high cost of fish meal which constitutes major component of animal protein. Similarly carp feed being used by state aquaculturist is costing Rs. 30-35/-per kg. So some low cost feed formulation needs to be evolved both in case of trout as well as carp feed.

Action: Due to scarcity of quantum and quality of water, the Department of Fisheries, COVAS is still deprived off rearing the trout at the departmental farm. The carp feed being used at the farm is costing Rs. 19.00 per kg. Due to non-availability of specialized faculty and technical staff, the research in these aspects is being held up.

6.4. Researchable Issues put forth by Dr. K.S. Pathania, Director Animal Husbandry Shimla, Himachal Pradesh

ISSUE: Bovine Pappilomatosis seems to have acquired a huge proportion amongst the common disease conditions affecting the milch cattle population of the state. Though the condition doesn’t lead to any serious illness but the production losses are huge and the disease also seems to have some zoonotic importance. The field Veterinarians is presently using 4-5 common treatment protocols, with varying degree of success, to manage the condition like: a) Injections of Lithium antimony thiomalate b) Autogenous vaccine c) Auto-haem therapy d) Some anecdotal homeopathic remedies like injections of Mother Tincture Thuja

and Mother Tincture Sulphur.


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e) Local Application of Podophyllum solution or Thuja cream. f) Surgical excision.

The issues that require research are: 1. Classification of various types of bovine warts and their etiology

BOVINE WARTS (PAPILLOMATOSIS)

Etiology: Warts (Papillomatosis) are caused by infection with the contagious bovine papilloma virus (BPV). Various types of the virus (BPV-1, BPV-2, BPV-5, BPV-6 & BPV-9) are known to produce skin lesions. Two of the viral types (BPV-1, BPV-2) cause most of the cutaneous warts on the head and neck of cattle. Several strains of bovine papillomatosis cause the development of papillomas or fibropapillomas on teats. In other instances, filamentous or frond-like lesions develop at the teat orifice and interfere with milking.

Classification: Papillomatosis is classified into different groups depending on its size and shape and its histopathological involvement. On the basis of size (pin head to large peanut sized) and shape, wart may be categorized as rough, irregular, cauliflower- like, finger like processes on the surface and elevated round/dome shaped/oval/papillary outgrowths/sessile growth. On histological basis, warts can be classified as papilloma, fibropapilloma and fibrosarcoma. 2. Predisposing factor for the occurrence of the conditions Abrasions, wounds cuts sustained during grazing/milking are the major predisposing factors of viral entry and production of lesions in the animals. In milch animals, injury to the teat canal by the use of milking machines is another possible factor. Immunosuppression/organ damage during the period of drought through consumption of toxic plants, Brakenfern, Lantana, Eupatorium, Ageratum etc. 3. Recommendations for the prevention of disease including scope for the state wide

prevention program from the conditions

• Awareness to the farmers about the wart and its occurrence in the animals. • Segregation of animals showing warts as the lesions can spread by direct contact. • Training to milking personals on maintaining good personal hygiene using standard

methods of milking. • Immediate washing of wounds with appropriate disinfectants. • Treatment plan to boost animal immunity to the susceptible population. • Isolation and identification of virus type and its prevalence in the region including the

possibility of mixed infections • Mass vaccination among the affected and in contact animals • Treatment to prevent secondary bacterial infections • Control of weeds/toxic plants such as Braken fern, Lantana, Eupatorium, Ageratum etc.

which are widespread in the state.

4. Pathological studies on the conditions for a better understanding of the disease. Cutaneous warts are most common in younger animals (under 2 years) and usually spontaneously regress due to the animal's immune response without significant scarring. The

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_response


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duration of infection is very variable (from one month to over a year) and recurrence is possible. Warts have a cauliflower-like appearance and can attain the size of a fist; most common on the head, neck and shoulders, they may also occur in other locations. Cutaneous fibropapillomas have a nodular appearance. However, large warts may bleed, potentially leading to secondary infections, and florid warts of the teat can cause mastitis and interfere with suckling and milking. Fibropapillomas can be troublesome when present in the genital area, causing pain and sometimes loss of reproductive functions as well as interfering with calving. Chronically immunosuppressed animals may develop extensive papillomatosis in the upper gastrointestinal tract, which can cause difficulties with eating and breathing. Study conducted at IVRI, Izatnagar has recently revealed that BPV is also associated with different types of lesions including warts from rumen, reticulum and urinary bladder. This virus has also found to be associated with equine sarcoid as well as bovine enzootic haematuria. Warts are most common on young cows although they are contagious. The most obvious and problematic warts are those that are frond-like or filamentous protruding up to 10 mm. In some newly calved heifers in some herds warts may completely obscure the teats. The warts are of most nuisances if found on the teat duct orifice affecting hygiene and milk flow. They are easily damaged and bleed, occasionally profusely. They may be secondarily infected although a direct association with mastitis is not proven. Many frond warts resolve over the first lactation, although some are persistent and may need to be removed surgically. There is a need to explore the patho-epidemiological aspects of the disease in the Himachal Pradesh for better understanding of the etiologic correlation with the production of lesion and its impact on the economy of state animal husbandry 5. Treatment and management recommendations for the field practitioners Treatment and management recommendations are regularly provided to the practicing veterinarians as and when required. Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology has published a book entitled "A Guide for Veterinary Practitioners" which has been given free of cost to the field veterinarians who have undergone training under RKVY project running in the department. Issue: Enzootic Bovine Hematuria (EBH) is another condition with considerable

prevalence across the state. The following issues need to be worked upon w.r.t. this disease:

a) A thorough research on the etiology of the disease to investigate whether forage other than bracken fern or the active carcinogen ptaquiloside can also cause EBH.

b) Can cattle contact this disease through water contaminated with ptaquiloside or in regions infested with bracken fern or other plants.

c) Zoonotic importance of the condition (Is the compound excreted in milk and can it have an implication on human health)

Action: The preliminary research work has been carried out in one departmental research project entitled “Studies on chromic bovine haematuria in cattle of Himachal Pradesh”. The salient findings are as under:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastitis


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The problem of EBH is prevalent in some pockets of Mandi, Kullu, Chamba, Shimla and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh. The affected animals showed regular haematuria and gradual weakness. The temperature and respiration rates were within normal range with mild tachycardia. The ruminal motility was depressed. Haematological study revealed significantly lower haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytic count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, indicating microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Biochemically, EBH affected animals had hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypophosphotaemia with elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Gross pathological examination showed thickening of wall of urinary bladder and presence of minute to cauliflower like growth on inner aspect of urinary bladder. Histopathologically, there were transitional cell carcinoma, pappiloma and adenocarcinoma. Treatment with Ayurvedic preparation namely “Jaunkhar” at the dose rate of 12 gram twice daily for a period of one month showed improvement in clinical parameters with disappearance of haematuria but after the discontinuation of the drug there was reappearance of blood in the urine. Similarly, after giving Caprostat (aminocaproic acid) at the dose rate of 10 ml intravenously for 4 days provided only transitory response. Treatment with Styplon tablets at the dose rate of 12 tablets twice a day for 20 days proved totally ineffective.

Note: As suggested by the research council, the more detailed studies will be undertaken on various issues by the department under research projects submitted to the funding agencies including Animal Husbandry Department of Himachal Pradesh.

D) Region wise and seasonal prevalence of ecto/endo parasites and blood protozoan

diseases. Recommendations on specific control programmes.

Action: Parasitic diseases cause major harm to the animal health. However, not much attention is paid to it because no overt signs are enlisted by the affected animals except on very rare occasions when it flares up as an outbreak. Epidemiological studies are a prerequisite to chalk out control programme for any group of parasitic diseases. Agro-climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh being hill state are different from plain area and even within the state from one place to another place. These conditions to a great extent influence the prevalence and seasonal pattern of the parasitic diseases. The Department of Parasitology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur has been working on this aspect by way of collecting samples from different places of Himachal Pradesh through clinical camps, outbreaks or through curricular research.

E) Recommendations on fodder development in various agro-climatic regions of the state

for year round nutritious fodder for milch cattle.

Action: The work has been undertaken by the university to standardize production technologies for the cultivation of kharif and rabi fodder crops in different agro-climatic zones of the state with a view to maintain the regular supply of fodder. Recommendations have been incorporated in the package of practices and are discussed in different workshops and training programmes. Technologies for the management of pastures and grasslands have also been recommended. However, research work in relation to latest emerging challenges and also with new crops like Sorghum Sudan grass hybrids and Lolium grass is in progress.


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Concluding Remarks by the Chairman: 1. Seed production at university level is low and needs to be improved through the

collaboration of Department of Seed Science & Department of Soil Science by following STCR approach.

Action: The Department of Soil Science, COA, CSKHPKV, Palampur collected soil samples from the seed production farm during kharif 2014. The samples so collected were analyzed and fertilizers were recommended based on IPNS target yield equation for maize crop. Similar action has also been taken up for wheat crop during rabi 2014-15 in collaboration with the Department of Seed Science and Technology which has implemented its production plan for rabi 2014-15 on the basis of STCR values supplied/ recommended. It has been observed that there is no major change in the productivity of wheat with the application of STCR approach.

2. Polyhouses have been adopted by each KVK and full technology has to be given by the

University. Action: Necessary instructions were issued to all the Programme Coordinators of the KVKs

for the adoption of polyhouses in their district. Subsequently, 111 polyhouses have been adopted by the KVKs. The list of such KVKs has been uploaded on the University website.

3. There is problem regarding repair of polyhouses for that people will be trained and their services will be utilized under custom hiring.

Action: 2-3 rural youths from each block will be trained for the repair of the polyhouses. The services of trained youths will be utilized under custom hiring basis, wherever needed. The training will be conducted as and when the funds are received from the State Department of Agriculture, Govt. of Himachal Pradesh.

4. The work on evaluation of water soluble fertilizers under open conditions has to be started in following rabi season to get adhoc recommendation after one year and concrete recommendations will come after three years of experimentation.

Action: The experiments on tomato, cucumber and capsicum have been conducted on balanced fertilization involving water soluble fertilizers from the last two years under polyhouse conditions to standardize the fertigation doses, fertigation frequency and method of NPK application. Adhoc recommendations have been generated.

5. Digitization of Theses should be there to avoid duplication in research. Action: Nine hundred PhD theses have been digitized and the digitized link was launched on

22-05-2015 by Shri. Sujan Singh Pathania, Hon’ble Agriculture and NES Minister, Govt. of Himachal Pradesh.

6. There is need of production of low cost feed of fisheries and feed of animals. Action: The Feed production Unit of the Department of Animal Nutrition, COVAS is already

producing feed for various types of livestock. The low cost feed for milch producing large animals is being made available through ATIC, KVKs and State


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veterinary Institutions. Low cost fish feed is also formulated by the Department of Animal Nutrition on the demand raised from different quarters including farmers.

7. There is need to work out the actual requirement of rainfall/ water for the production of crops in the state.

Action: The periodical profile water depletion has been determined in some of the water management experiments under AICRP on Water Management. The efforts are being made to determine effective rainfall/ actual requirement in all the experiments through water budgeting.

Item No. 3: To present the Highlights of Research work done during Rabi 2013-14

and Kharif, 2014 3.1 Technologies developed by the University 3.1.1. Varieties of different crops identified/ developed for recommendation from

SVRC Crop Name of the Variety Wheat HPW 360 (Palam Gehun 1) and HPW 368

(Palam Gehun 2) Chickpea DKG 986 (Palam Channa 1) Elephant Foot (Zimikand) Palam Zimikand 1 Asparagus bean DPASB-1 (Palam Long Bean) Okra DPO-P20 (Palam Komal) Tomato Palam Tomato Hybrid-1

3.1.2. Other Technologies Developed The following seven technologies developed by the University have been approved in the rabi workshop 2013-14 and kharif workshop 2014 for inclusion in the package of practices of the University: Crop Improvement

1. Release proposal of Canola Quality Gobhi Sarson (GSC 101) in Himachal Pradesh for inclusion in the package of practices of Rabi crops

Crop Production

1. Change of seed rate of garlic (1500-2000 kg/ha) for varieties with large clover size

(GHC-1) 2. Revised fertilization schedule of onion for inclusion in the package of practices


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Crop Protection 1. Refined technology for the control of rhizome rot of ginger

Protected cultivation 1. Management of russet mite in tomato grown under naturally ventilated polyhouses. 2. Low-cost yellow sticky traps for the management of green house white fly under

naturally ventilated polyhouses. 3. Ad-hoc recommendation on “Off-season coriander production under portable low

tunnel” for inclusion in the package of practices on vegetable crops. 3.2. Other Research Achievements of the University AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

1. CROP IMPROVEMENT Cereals Maize:

• Twenty five hybrids tested at Dhaulakuan and Akrot in Zone-I of the State, none of the entries could statistically out yield the best check, PMZ-4 (92.85q/ha). In Zone-I, 18 maize hybrids viz, KH-2192, DKC-9140, NMH- 007 (BOND), DKC- 9151, PL-1515, DKC-8144, P-3377, KMH-3110, DKC-9144, P-3007, NMH- 589, DKC-9145, PG-2444, BIO-9220, DKC-9152, MM-7707, RASSI-4558 and PG-2487 were found suitable for commercial cultivation.

• In Zone-II, 25 maize hybrids evaluated revealed significantly higher seed yield in entries DKC- 9144 (93.79 q/ha) followed by NMH-007 Bond (91.96 q/ha.) over the best check PMZ-4 (81.44 q/ha.). 21 maize hybrids viz., DKC-9144,NMH-007 (BOND), RASSI- 4558, DKC- 9151 , KH-2192 , KMH-3110, DKC-9145, DKC-9140 , PL-1515 , KMH-7021, BIO- 9220, P-3377, PG-2487, DKC-8144, Super- 2020, MM-7707, KH-517, P-3007, NMH-4589, BIO-605and PG-2444 were found to be suitable for commercial cultivation.

• At Dhaulakuan (Zone-I), two hybrids namely Super-2020 and KMH-7021 were found to be susceptible to Erwinia Stalk Rot (ESR) showing 30% infestation, on the basis of which these entries were adjudged unsuitable for cultivation in the Zone-I of the State.

Wheat:

• HPW 368 has been found promising for cultivation in low and mid hills under timely sown rainfed (26.0-31.0 q/ha) and irrigated conditions (40.0-45.0q/ha) in multiplication trials. HPW 368 displayed high degree of resistance to yellow and brown rust as compared to the check varieties. This entry also recorded the highest grain yield (57.75 q/ha) at Chhoel village, Kullu under rainfed conditions.

• A new wheat entry HPW 376 has been promoted to the final year of coordinated testing for release under early sown rainfed conditions.


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Barley: • Barley grain variety BHS 400 got released by the CVRC for cultivation under rainfed

conditions of Himachal Pradesh. • Four barley promising entries each for grain and dual purpose were promoted to AVT.

Rice: • At Dhaulakuan, two entries HPR 2344 (78.1 q/ha) and IR 64 (81.8 Q/ha) significantly

out yielded the check variety HKR 126 (69.8 q/ha) among long duration varietal trial. Hybrid HR 3 (83.1 q/ha) was highest in grain yield followed by HR 1 (79.0 q/ha) and HR 2 (74.0 q/ha).

• Nine rice hybrids supplied by various private companies were evaluated along with two checks Arize-6129 and Arize Swift at Dhaulakuan, Una, Kangra, Malan and Sunder Nagar. In zone-1, six rice hybrids viz, BS-10008, JKRH-2082, NPH-369(Raja), BS-049, BS-6129Gold and JKRH-2067 were found suitable for commercial cultivation. In Zone-II, 6 rice hybrids viz. JRKH-2082, BS-10008, BS-049, JKRH-2067, NPH-369 Raja and BS-6129 Gold were found to be suitable for commercial cultivation.

• Almost all the hybrids exhibited highly resistant to moderately susceptible reaction to various diseases under natural conditions. On the basis of overall performance, two hybrids namely NPH-909 and Neha were found to be susceptible to leaf blast and neck blast and were adjudged unsuitable for cultivation in the State.

Pluses Mash

• Three promising varieties of mash viz. DKU 4 (13-15q/ha), DKU 6 (14-15q/ha), KU 223 (14-15q/ha) having resistance against major diseases like MYMV, cercospora leaf spot, anthracnose and web blight have been identified.

Cowpea • Entries CP 3 (13.3 q/ha), CP 4 (11.1 q/ha), CP 5 (11.3 q/ha), CP8 (11.4 q/ha) and CP

41 (14.2 q/ha) were promising. Lentil

• The entries L-13-71 and L-13-72 (large seeded) were found promising compared to the standard check Bipasha and possess rust resistance.

Rajmash • Variety Baspa has also been identified for cultivation in North eastern plain zones of

the country under AICRP MULLaRP. Oilseeds Soybean:

• Green and bold seeded soybean entry Himso-1685 (P69-8-1-1) having higher seed yield (22 q/ha) as compared to the green seeded check variety Hara Soya (14 q/ha) has been promoted to AVT-II. It also has resistance to diseases like frog-eye leaf spot, pod blight and bacterial pustules.


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Gobhi Sarson

• The canola type entry GSC-101 of gobhi sarson having 62.2% oleic acid and 2% erucic acid in oil and 8.7 µ moles glucosinolates in defatted cake with potential yield of 37.04 q/ha and average yield 19.20 q/ha was identified for release in Zone I & II including Himachal Pradesh under AICRP (RM).

Mustard • Two entries of mustard (AKMS-14-30 and AKMS-14-34) yielded 31.5 and 34.5 %

higher than the best local check (RCC-4) and three entries of gobhi sarson (IKGS-2, GS-13-1 and GS-13-2) performed 21, 20 and 22 % better than the best check.

Fodder Crops

• Bajra hybrid ‘Milk feed’ gave 513 q/ha of green fodder and 59.4 q/ha of dry matter yield. It was found suitable for cultivation in Zone I and Zone II of the State.

• Private company fodder hybrid of maize ‘KH 988’ resulted in 307.3 q/ha of green fodder and 52.9 q/ha of dry matter yield. It was found suitable for cultivation in Zone I and Zone II of the State.

• Oat entry ‘PLP-14’ has been found promising for green fodder yield and quality traits. • Tall Fescue grass variety Hima 14 has been identified for release by CVRC for sub-

temperate and temperate grassland and pastures of Hill Zone comprising states of HP, Uttarakhand and J & K. The variety has 10-12% crude protein with 200-300 q/ha green fodder yield.

SEED PRODUCTION AND SEED TECHNOLOGY A. Nucleus Seed Production • A total of 4387 kg (Stage I and II) nucleus seed of different varieties of wheat

and soybean was produced during Rabi 2013-14 and Kharif 2014.

B. Breeder seed production • A total of 91807.85 kg breeder seed of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fodders

(69673.9 kg during Rabi 2013-14 and 22133.95 kg during Kharif 2014) was produced by the University.

• In addition to above, 62456.5 kg foundation seed of cereal, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fodder crops was also produced.

C. Seed Technology Research

• Seed vigour test in hybrid maize (HQPM 1) was found to be a good indicators of

field emergence in hybrid maize. • Genetic purity of 42 private sector maize hybrids and 76 landraces was ascertained

using SSR markers and the fingerprinting library maintained.


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• Seven varieties of rice viz., HPR-2143, HPR-1156, HPR-2720, RP-2421, VL-221, HPR-1068 and Kasturi Basmati of rice, which are in the seed production chain, were identified using SSR markers and the fingerprinting library maintained.

II. Crop Production

• Maximum maize grain equivalent yield and net returns were recorded in Maize (Green cob) + Asparagus bean - Radish -Onion (38.8t/ha and Rs. 203842) followed by Maize (Green cob) + Frenchbean -Pea - Summersquash (28.1t/ha and Rs. 117703). Whereas, in traditional maize-wheat cropping system it was 7.7 t /ha and Rs.41920.

• In maize-gobhi sarson cropping sequence, 100%NPK+ S @ 40kg/ha,100% NPK+ FYM @ 2.5t/ha and 150% NPK although were at par with 100% NPK for yield in gobhi sarson but only 150% NPK application had residual effect on succeeding maize crop with yield increase of 5.9 per cent.

• Rice variety (HPR 2795) performed exceptionally well in the agronomic trials conducted giving more than 65% higher yield than the national check (Vivekdhan 154) as well as regional checks (Sukaradhan1, HPR 1156).

• Based on twenty three years research findings, 50% NPK + 50% FYM to rice and 100% NPK to wheat in sequence had recorded highest average rice and wheat yields, average total yield and sustainable yield index.

• Optimum time of sowing of wheat in mid-hills was found to be around last week of October, with every 10 – day delay thereafter resulting in significant reduction in yield.

• The temperature above 6.7oC and 18.6oC during vegetative phases and above 10.9oC and 23.4oC during reproductive phase reduced the wheat productivity. Rise in mean temperature by 4-5oC from optimum of 18.5oC during 50% grain filing caused 25-40% reduction in yield.

• Sowing of barley between 10-24/11/2014 recorded 39.9, 20.4, 19.4 and 8.0, higher grain yield as compared to crop sown between 25/12/14 -09/1/15, 25/10-09/11/14, 10-24/12/14 and 25/11 – 09/12/14, respectively.

• Linseed variety Nagarkot with seed yield of 1123.19 kg/ha proved to be significantly superior to others. Under rainfed conditions, linseed sown in first fortnight of October gave significantly highest seed yield (1485.51 kg/ha).

• Delay in sowing of gobhi sarson from 20th October to 30th October and 10th

November, a reduction in seed yield by 7 and 23 per cent, respectively, was recorded.

• Delay in sowing of rapeseed-mustard cultivars beyond first week of October by 10, 20 and 30 days resulted in decrease in yield of 11.6 to 33.9 per cent.

• In onion, highest yield of 56.9 q/ha was obtained when seedlings were transplanted on January 30 with 120 kg of nitrogen/ha.

• Seed rate of 250 kg/ha for garden peas resulted in higher productivity and profitability.

• Cauliflower (271.1 q/ha) was found to be more remunerative crop (Rs 5.1 Lakhs/ha) compared to tomato, cabbage, garden pea, and French bean in Lahaul valley.


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• Planting cauliflower ‘Shweta’ and Maharani’ and cabbage ‘Varun’ at 30 x 30 cm crop geometry produced more head yield than at 45 x 30 cm.

Forage and Grassland Management

• To meet out the fodder scarcity in Lahaul, sowing of Oats ‘Palampur 1’ may be taken up after the harvest of green peas in July. But the sowing of French bean ‘Contender’ will have to be accomplished in the first week of July as further delay in sowing resulted in low temperature injury at the time of pod formation. Sowing Oats in lines produced (177.8 q/ha) more compared to the broadcast method.

• One cut for forage produced significantly higher green fodder yield (140.08 q/ha) of oat crop, which was 40.44% and 53.29% more than barley and wheat, respectively.

• Oat entry UPO-06-1 appeared promising for the hill zone. III. Soil, Water and Nutrient Management A. Nutrient management

• Use of FYM/vermi-compost with inorganic fertilizers was found to be superior in comparison to sole application of fertilizer based on soil test and general recommended dose in increasing the grain and straw yield of maize and wheat, and maintaining the soil fertility status.

• In long-term study on nutrient management in maize-wheat system revealed that application of 10 t FYM/ha only to maize crop along with 100% recommended dose of NPK to maize and wheat, recorded highest yield of maize and wheat.

• Application of lime along with recommended rates of NPK recorded maize and wheat yield at par with 100% NPK + FYM.

• Zinc application (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 & 10.0 kg/ ha) in maize-wheat cropping system, showed maximum response to highest application of zinc i.e. Zn @ 10 kg/ha.

• Validation of software for predicting post harvest values of nutrients in soil was successfully done under various treatment combinations in maize-wheat sequence.

• Application of 40 kg P2O5/ha in rainfed barley crop can provide 37.93 per cent, 27.60 per cent, and 11.76 per cent higher grain yield over control, 20 kg P2O5/ha, and 30 kg P2O5/ha, respectively. Similarly, the application of 40 kg K2O/ha also registered an increase of 14.43 and 8.77 per cent over check and 20kg K2O/ha, respectively.

• In FLDs, application of fertilizers as per target yield concept, in general, gave higher yields of soybean in comparison to farmers practice and general recommended dose.

• The soils of Kinnaur district were slightly acidic to slightly alkaline with very high organic carbon, low available N, high available P and sufficient available K. 12.2 and 38.9 per cent of the samples were deficient in S and available Mg, respectively.

• The soils of Spiti valley were found neutral to slightly alkaline with very high organic carbon status and low available N. 86.4 and 43.6 per cent of samples were deficient in Fe and Mg, respectively.


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• Application of B in cauliflower greatly influenced available B and its contents in both straw and curds of cauliflower & fruit and straw of succeeding tomato crop. The curd yield of cauliflower increased significantly with increase in B application up to 1.5 kg/ha. The residual effects of B application in cauliflower on tomato yield of succeeding tomato crop were also significant.

B. Water Management

• In zero-tilled wheat crop in rice-wheat sequence, rice seeding method had little effect on the wheat yield. Also the wheat crop responded to nitrogen application up to 150 kg N/ha while the use of leaf colour chart (LCC) helped in economizing 25 kg N without any significant reduction in yield.

• Top dressing of nitrogen in wheat just before irrigation gave better result than top dressing it after irrigation.

• Highest productivity of barley was obtained with the application of P and K @ 40 kg / ha each.

• For maximizing production and water use in broccoli and cauliflower-capsicum cropping sequence, each crop should be irrigated at three days interval with pressurized drip irrigation system. The quantity of water applied per irrigation should be equal to 1.0 time of cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) of preceding three days. Soil test based recommended NPK dose should be used for eight fertigation with an interval of 11 days between two successive fertigations.

• For better production and economics, onion crop should be irrigated at three days interval with cumulative PE of 0.6 per cent and fertigated with 100 per cent recommended nitrogen through locally prepared liquid manure from sheep droppings.

• Gravity fed system resulted in saving irrigation water and increased water use efficiency in brinjal. For maximizing production, water use efficiency and economics gravity fed drip irrigated crop should be fertigated twice a month with 75 per cent of the recommended NPK. Incorporation of FYM @10 tonnes/ha and application of plastic mulch and irrigation either 2 or 4 cm of water depth resulted in increasing WUE and irrigation water saving in brinjal.

• For obtaining higher net returns, pea crop should be fertigated with 50 per cent of recommended NK.

IV. Vegetable Production

• Two bacterial wilt resistant recombinants of capsicum have been identified with bell shape fruits and shining green colour for further evaluation in station trials and also in farmer’s field.

• Two bacterial wilt resistant recombinant lines in chilli have been identified with superior horticultural traits and high yield. These bear single erect fruits.

• Carotene rich tomato hybrid has been developed. • Early maturing cauliflower line DPCa Y-7 has been developed


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• The self incompatible and cytoplasmic male sterile lines of cabbage along with elite germplasm were maintained through manual sib pollinations.

• BC1 plants of the four crosses viz., CBH-1x Palam Samridhi, CBH-1 x Palam Haritika, Green Magic x Palam Samridhi and Green Magic x Palam Haritika were back crossed (BC2) with two popular broccoli genotypes, Palam Samridhi and Palam Haritika. BC2 seed of the respective crosses has been harvested.

• Putative mutant (L-50-1113-1) of Lincoln has been obtained with powdery mildew disease reaction only on leaves while pods and stem remained free from powdery growth.

• Research work on grafting in two potential vegetable crops viz., tomato and capsicum for protected cultivation is in progress.

• Tomato hybrid “Palam Tomato Hybrid -1” (15-2xPalam Pride) out yielded (4.3kg/plant) private sector hybrids under protected environment and is highly resistant to bacterial wilt.

• Lettuce can be used as a filler crop in the polyhouses to incur more income.

V. Crop protection A. Disease Management

• For the management of maydis leaf blight and banded leaf and sheath blight in maize,

Tilt @ 0.1% resulted in less severity of disease incidence and increase in yield to the extent of 66.7 per cent.

• Two foliar sprays of Nativo 75 WG (trifloxystrobin 25 + tebuconazole 50) @ 0.8 g/l resulted in excellent control of false smut of paddy.

• Seed treatment of wheat with a new fungicides/ formulations viz., Mavistin @ 2.50 g / kg seed and triticonazole 4 % + pyraclostrobin 8% FS (Insure Perform 12% FS) @ 1.00 ml per kg seed was most effective and provided effective control of loose smut and hill bunt diseases.

• Single spray of Folicur (500ml/ha) was found to be most effective in controlling yellow rust and increasing yield in moderately resistant variety (HPW-249) where as two sprays of Nativo 75 WG (300g/ha) followed by propiconazole (500ml/ha) after 15 days interval were most effective in susceptible variety ( HS-240).

• Seed treatment of wheat with Raxil 2DS@1g/kg seed was found effective against Karnal bunt.

• Seed treatment with Exzole 2 DS @ 0.1% per kg seed has been recommended against loose smut of Wheat.

• Out of eighteen AVT-I entries of soybean under AICRP evaluated for identifying resistance sources, the line Himso 1685 from Palampur centre was found highly resistant against frogeye leaf spot, pod blight (Ct), bacterial pustule and brown spot diseases.

• Seed treatment with tebuconazole + NSKP followed by sprays of propiconazole and seed treatment with metalaxyl + mancozeb + NSKP followed by sprays of


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propiconazole were found effective against root rot, anthracnose, leaf blights and nematode diseases of fodder cowpea.

• In mash, seed treatment with Raxil @ 1.0g/kg seed and foliar spray of propiconazole (0.1%) followed by seed treatment with Raxil @ 1.0g/kg seed and foliar spray of hexaconazole (0.1%) were highly effective in reducing disease incidence of foliar diseases and increasing yield.

• In mustard, seed treatment with Apron @ 6g/kg along with two foliar sprays of Score @ 0.05% were highly effective in reducing the incidence of Alternaria blight and increasing the yield in Mustard crop.

• Seed treatment of infected chili seeds with T. viride + P. florescence and T. harzianum + P. florescence proved quite effective in reducing the Colletotrichum capsici incidence.

• Full genome sequence of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) has been determined and the strain present in Himachal Pradesh is P12. None of capsicum hybrids/ chili germplasm is resistant to the PMMoV.

• Two new emerging diseases i.e. gray leaf spot of capsicum caused by Stemphylium sp. and target leaf spot of tomato by Corynespora cassiicola recorded under protected cultivation in Himachal Pradesh for the first time from India.

• Seed treatment with carbendazim @ 2 g/kg and two foliar sprays of propiconazole @ 1ml/l provided best management of zonate leaf spot with 11.4 % disease severity with maximum green fodder yield (289.1q/ha) as compared to control i.e. 76.1 per cent disease severity with 241.6/ha green fodder yield.

• Organic inputs namely Panchgavya, Orguard, Tamarlassi and Akshvan + FBM were found effective against plant pathogens.

• Pleurotus himalayaensis Dhancholia sp. nov. - highly delicious edible mushroom was reported from Lahaul valley.

B. Insect-pest Management

• For the management of rice hispa, chlorpyriphos @ 1250 ml/ha was most efficacious. Whereas, flubendiamide 480 SC @0.25 g/l resulted in reduction in incidence of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder to the extent of 79.30 and 79.82 per cent, respectively.

• Two paddy lines, AV-1-13-3705 and AV-1-13-3706 were found to be resistant to root knot nematode, Melidogyne graminicola.

• For the management of M. graminicola, neem cake @ 100g/m2, carbofuran @ 1 kg ai/ha and their combined application evaluated revealed all the treatments suppressed the nematode build up. Among bioagents, Trichoderma viride, Pochonia chlamydosporia and Paecilomyces lilacinus moderate response in suppression of nematode was observed.

• In wheat, aphids, termites and armyworms were recorded associated from different parts of the state. Amongst them, aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis was the dominant one. Aphid completed six generations on wheat.


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• For the suppression of termites in wheat, amongst eight insecticides tested, seed treatment with Clothianidin 50 WDG @ 2g / kg seed was found highly effective.

• Studies on bio-efficacy, phytotoxicity and residues of Fipronil 0.3% GR (MORTEL GR) conducted against termites in wheat revealed the residues of fipronil in wheat grain, straw, and soil were below detectable limit (BDL). There were no phytotoxic symptoms at the tested doses.

• In mash, imidacloprid (seed treatment) and foliar application of cypermethrin resulted in maximum reduction in blister beetle population (55.4%). Against bean bug, imidacloprid (ST) + triazophos (spray) was found best.

• In organic production system, Lantana dust 10% and neemban 3ml/L provided 100% protection against blister beetles.

• In soybean, bean bug (Chauliops species) was recorded as major insect-pest and its maximum incidence was recorded in August. Minimum incidence of the bug (14.58%) was recorded in NRC-94. In AVT-II, RVS 2001-18 showed least damage of bean bug.

• In brinjal, a spray schedule comprising spraying with quinalphos 25EC (0.005%) followed by a mixture of azadirachtin @ 5ml/L and carbendazim @ 0.1%, cypermethruin @ 0.3ml/L and Ridomil MZ @ 2.5g/L, acephate 75SP @ 0.65ml/L and companion @ 2.5g/L at 15 days interval was found most effective against brinjal shoot and fruit borer.

• In okra, flubendiamide 480SC @ 48 and 60 g a.i./ha resulted in significantly less fruit damage by shoot and fruit borer. Under organic production system, neembaan @ 3ml/l was found highly effective against flea beetles.

• In potato, application of chlorpyriphos10G @ 2.0 kg a.i./ ha provided maximum control of whitegrubs at Kheradhar in Sirmour district. There was 7.83 per cent tuber damage on weight basis in treatment as compared to 28.75 per cent in control.

• Under protected cultivation, aphid (Myzus persicae)was the major pest on capsicum. The avoidable losses in marketable yield in summer crop varied from 31.5 – 76.2 per cent in different infestation levels. The gain threshold was calculated to be 27.5 and 10.0 for neem and imidacloprid based aphid management programmes. For management of M. persicae in capsicum, imidacloprid (soil application) followed by foliar application of acetamiprid and neem was found the best treatment.

• In cucumber, red spider mite was recorded as major pest. The losses over mite free plants worked out revealed it to vary from 33.5 to 62.5, 15.4 to 44.2 and 3.2 to 30.2 per cent when the infestation was initiated 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting, respectively.

• In tomato, a spray schedule comprising Acephate 75 SP @ 6.5g/10 litres+ Dithane Z-78 (2.5g/litre) followed by second application of Helicide (Ha NPV 100 LE @ 0.5ml/litre + Indofil M 45 @ 2.5g/litre + Gur @ 0.5% + Tween 80 @ 0.05%) after 15 days of 1st spray and application of Lambda-cyhalothrin @ 8 ml /10 litres) + Copper oxychloride (30 g /10 litres ) after 15 days of 2nd spray was most effective against tomato fruit borer and fruit rot diseases.


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C. Weed Management • Pre-emergence application of butachlor 1.5 kg/ ha (applied 2-3 days after sowing

(DAS) followed by post-emergence application of Bispyribacsodium 25 g/ha (applied 25 DAS) gave significantly higher yield than the use of both these herbicides individually in rice under rainfed upland conditions.

• Post-emergence application of pinoxaden 40 g + metsulfuron 4 g/ha; pinoxaden 40 g followed by metsulfuron 4 g/ha (5-7 days after first spray); pinoxaden 40 g + carfentrazone 20 g/ ha and isoproturon 750 g + metsulfuron 4 g / ha gave best weed control in barley.

• Pinoxaden (40g) + Metsulfuron (4g), Pinoxaden (40g) followed by Metsulfuron (4g) and Isoproturon (750g) + Metsulfuron (4g), completely controlled all narrow and broad leaved weeds when applied at 2-3 leaf stage and resulted in a significant increase in grain yield.

• For the control of mixed weed flora in blackgram, imazethapyr + pendimethalin (pre-mix) 900 g/ha (pre-emergence) was statistically similar with pendimethalin 1000 g/ha (pre-emergence) and weed free (hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS) resulted in significantly higher seed yield of black gram.

• In transplanted rice-wheat cropping system, irrespective of continuous or rotational use of herbicides in rice and wheat, use of 75% N through fertilizer + 25% N through Lantana in rice resulted in significantly higher grain yield of rice and wheat over remaining treatment combinations.

• Under irrigated conditions, application of pendimethalin 1.00 kg/ha (pre-emergence) evaluated was at par with clodinafop propargyl 60 g/ha (post- emergence) and resulted in significantly higher seed yield of linseed compared to hand-weeding twice.

VI. Biotechnology

• A horsegram F2 population of cross HPKM-249 x HPK-4 was genotyped using 1090 SSR primer pairs of related species (Trifolium, pigeon pea, pea, lentil and 384 COS of Medicago truncatula). Out of 706 SSR primers, 416 were successfully amplified in parental lines and 86 polymorphic primers were used for genotyping of mapping population. Of the 384 COS primers, 186 produced good amplification in parents and 11 of these were successfully used in the mapping population.

• Out 63 EST-SSR primers designed from EST data bases of NCBI, 10 were found polymorphic between parental lines.

• Transcriptme data were used to design SSR primers from possible 3342 SSR sequences and out of 370 primers tested, 146 were polymorphic. Out of 146 polymorphic primers, 79 were genotyped in the F2 population of HPKM-249 x HPK-4. Of the total 5754 potential SSR identified from illumine Hiseq data, 27 polymorphic primers were identified by in-silico analysis. Out of 27 primers, 19 were actually found to be polymorphic in parental lines and used for genotyping.


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• Nine plants were selected from a maize population of BAJIM 6-10 and CIMMYT-13 using primers HYD 65 F, 62 R and 65 R. β- carotene maize population was screened with above mentioned primers for foreground selection. All three alleles were found in genotype nos. 9 and 17.

• Optimization and validation of in vitro propagation protocols for commercial cultivation of carnation.

• Substitution of BAP with kinetin could reduce hyperhydricity problem to an extent in carnation. Continuous experiments conducted over 5 cycles recorded highest total number of shoots in the medium, MS+ CH+ 1.5 BA+0.5 KN+ 0.2 NAA.

• Optimization and validation of in vitro propagation protocols for commercial cultivation of gerbera: Regeneration experiments in gerbera using different explants including leaf cuttings, shoot tips, petioles and capitulum indicated possibility of regeneration using capitulum as explants on a media supplemented with high doses of BA (up to 6 mg/L). Studies on hardening of rooted plants revealed 100 per cent survival in Soil, cocopeat and Soil+Sand (1:1) potting mixtures.

VII. Organic Agriculture • Out of 14 mash genotypes, DKU-95 significantly out yielded the best check

Palampur-93 and gave 12.7 q/ha seed yield. • Out of 10 soybean genotypes, VLS-63 significantly out yielded best check giving 21.6

q/ha seed yield. • Vermicompost @ 5t/ha+biofertlizer+3 applications of liquid manure (vermiwash) at

15 days interval commencing from 20 DAS produced (23.60 q/ha) mash equivalent yield which was 62.5% higher as compared to FYM @ 5 t/ha treatment.

• Ridge sowing of mash produced significantly higher yield as compared to normal sowing.

• Lantana dust 10% (grinded leaves) and neem baan 3ml/l were found most effective and provided 100% protection against blister beetle. Neembaan @ 3ml/l was found most effective in the range of 69.35__90.22% followed by Lantana dust 10% for the management of flea beetle infesting okra crop. Two sprays of neem oil (0.3%), 2 sprays of Panchgavya (10%), 1 spray of NSKE (5%) and 1 spray of Lantana extract (10%) at 15 days interval after 7 days of germination of crop were found the best for the management of flea beetle.

• Ricebean genotype RBHP-38 significantly out yielded the best check VRB-3 in AVT-II giving 17.6 q/ha grain yield and RBHP-102 was highest yielder in AVT-I having 19.3 q/ha.

• In fababean, three entries viz; HPFB-1(31.9 q/ha), HPFB-2 (30.6 q/ha) and H 214 (27. 8 q/ha) were significantly superior to the check Vikrant (21.5 q/ha) in seed yield.

• Application of Himcompost @ 5 t/ha closely followed by FYM @ 15 t/ha and VC @ 10 t/ha along with the liquid manure Himsol (3 applications) at 15 days interval were the best treatments for nutrient management. Neembaan @ 3ml/l was most effective in the range of 68.21-93.47% followed by neem seed kernel extract 5%.


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• Cowpea-garlic and soybean-garlic cropping systems produced 141.3 and 139.5% higher soybean equivalent yields respectively, as compared to cowpea-onion cropping system whereas, okra-gram system produced highest equivalent yield (113 q/ha) followed by okra-pea (104.4 q/ha). In okra, VC 10 t/ha+Jeevamrit and FYM 15 t/ha+Jeevamrit were the best treatments for nutrient management.

• Panchgavya (10%) was found most effective suppressing over 30 % mycelial growth of all the test pathogens. Complete mycelial inhibition was observed with tamarlassi for Alternaria solani while orguard yielded 58.6% mycelial inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum.

• Okra-lentil cropping sequence appeared to be the best, producing 98.2 q okra equivalent yield, net return of Rs. 1,46,300 and benefit-cost ratio of 2.93 whereas, maize + soybean-wheat + gram cropping sequence was the best exhibiting maize equivalent yield of 52.7 q/ha, net returns of Rs. 55,153 and benefit-cost ratio of 1.43.

• Spraying of vermiwash alongwith with inter-cropping of legumes in turmeric produced 28.9% higher turmeric yield as compared to the control.

VIII. Farm Mechanization Development and evaluation of seed drill suitable with light weight power weeder • A three row seeder was fabricated in the workshop to suit with power weeder/tiller for

increasing its versatility. The three furrow opener was made from 5 mm plate. The weight of the machine was 22.5 kg without seed. The effective field capacity was observed to be 0.10 ha/h at a forward speed of 2.0 km/h with field efficiency of 69%. The labour requirement could be saved more than 50 % with drill.

• A seed cum fertilizer drill was fabricated with the overall dimension 570 X 720 X 670 mm and having weight 32 kg. The effective field capacity was observed to be 0.12 ha/h with field efficiency of 70 %.

• Ergonomically improved ladder of bamboo and Iron with following specification were made and provided to apple growers in Kullu district, which they were using it for apple harvesting and other cultivation practices.

Development of reaper • A light weight front mounted reaper was fabricated by BCS in collaboration with our

department to suit with power weeder for increasing its versatility. The reaper cutting blade was selected 100 cm with light weight weeder. A gear box was used to provide the transmission to cutter bar and conveying belt. The weight of the machine was about 120 kg so that users may operate easily.

Evaluation of Paddy Seeder • Paddy seeder of 4 and 8 rows were evaluated in a village Punnar. The capacities of the

seeder were 0.11 ha/h and 0.23 ha/h with field efficiency of 65 to 70 %. Evaluation of Reaper cum Binder • The machine was evaluated at the university farm and farmers fields in an area of 4.8

ha (Plate 3). The effective field capacity of the machine was about 0.3 ha/h with field efficiency 68 %. The capacity was more than 30 times higher with traditional. The


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equipment has good impact and farmers of Kangra and Una are purchasing the machine in consultation with scientist in the department.

IX. Tea Husbandry and Technology • Eupatorium 10% and Panchgavya 10% found very effective throughout the growing

season against mite and aphid. • Citronella 5% as the best option to control the effect of tea leaf folder. • Malia 5% and cow urine + fermented butter milk 10% extract were found very

effective for control of leaf minor in tea orchards. • Cow urine + 20% Eupatorium reported an effective organic alternate for the

management of Blister blight disease. • Neem oil 0.03% followed by Neem formulation reported to be very effective against

leaf minor in tea. • Metarrhizium, Neem oil 0.03% and Neem formulation was best treatments to

control leaf folders in tea. • Verticillium lacani and Neem formulation found very effective throughout the

growing season to control mite in tea orchard.

X. Geo-informatics • GIS Server based Web Portal for HP Crop Diversification Project (HPCDP), has been

developed under the Project "Establishment of GIS and MIS and Monitoring System" funded by JICA-ODA, Hamirpur.

• Web GIS & MIS and Monitoring System for Himachal Pradesh Crop Diversification Promotion Project (JICA)2

• Web GIS Portal for Himachal Pradesh Crop Diversification Project (HPCDP) developed by CGRT, CSKHPKV-Palampur contains spatial and attribute information of the 1st and 2nd priority project sites spread over 5 districts namely Kangra, Mandi, Bilaspur, Una and Hamirpur of Himachal Pradesh. The web Portal link is http://14.139.224.135/myapp/jica_hp.phtml

• Impact of climate change on mountain Agriculture Three Climate change awareness programme has been conducted at Kinnaur, Mandi and Chamba. About 349 farmers and 21 faculty and civil society members participated in the melas. In all three places PRA was conducted for documenting and validating climate resilient practices. The geospatial data from Carosat-1 was used to develop the DEM of the state.

• GRAMIN KRSIHI MAUSAM SEWA The total 96 five days forecasts based AAS bulletins were prepared in English and Hindi and published in university and www.imd.gov.in and www.cropweatheoutlook.com of CRIDA (ICAR) websites.

• Forecasting Agricultural Output Using Space, Agro Meteorology and Land Based Observations (FASAL) The yield of wheat crop 1948.6 kg/ha was predicted for the Una district with an error % age of -6.3. The pre-harvest forecast obtained for wheat in Kangra district was

http://14.139.224.135/myapp/jica_hp.phtml

http://www.imd.gov.in/


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1532.7 kg/ha with an error %age of 1.2 and R-square values ranged between 0.66 and 0.79.The forecast obtained through the statistical model analysis was submitted in the Union Ministry Budget which was acceptable at National level.

XI. Horticulture • A technique of direct grafting and rooting was developed in cherry and pear by direct

grafting scion onto cuttings of clonal rootstocks under polyhouse condition. This technique gave about 90 to 95 % success in cherry whereas; in pear the grafting success was 65 to 70 %. This technique is known as “stenting” and widely used in grafting in roses and in fruits it has not been tried yet.

• Successfully induced rooting in hardwood and semi-hardwood cuttings in blueberry. • Foliar application of GA3+BA+NAA @ 25+20+5ppm resulted maximum fruit

weight (2.33 g), shoot growth and maximum number of new shoots per plant in blueberry. Whereas, application of GA3 @ 50 ppm alone reduced the number of seeds per berry (15.36) as compared to control (35.5). Similarly TSS content in fruits was also affected by foliar application of growth regulators maximum TSS content (13.2 %) was recorded when NAA was applied at 10 ppm and minimum (10.5 %) in control.

• Standardized the summer grafting technique in apple cultivar Scarlet Gala on clonal rootstock M-7 under polyhouse condition. The plants grafted during the first week of June registered maximum plant height (155.00 cm) at the end of growing season (December) in comparison to other grafting dates under polyhouse condition.

• Among four strawberry cultivars (Sweet Charlie, Cama Rosa, Douglas and Chandler) The cultivar Cama Rosa produced largest fruit (18.48 g),however the cultivar Chandler had maximum TSS (9.21 %) content under polyhouse condition. Establishment of germ-plasm/mother block:

• Established germplasm block of apple, cherry, almond and kiwi, in which 9 different varieties of apple, varieties of cherry, 5 varieties of almond and two varieties of kiwi have been planted.

• Procure and planted recently introduced cvs. of apple viz., Jeromine, Relum Gala and Redvelox in the departmental orchard. Production of quality planting material of fruit plants:

• Production of quality planting material of fruit plants such as apple, apricot, peach, almond, plum, pomegranate, kiwi, pear, pecan, mango, litchi, guava, papaya, strawberry and citrus was raised on large scale and sold to the farmers/orchardists of the state and neighbouring states during the year.


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VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES

1. Animal Genetics and Breeding AICRP on poultry (Rural poultry unit)

• Two purebred poultry stocks, Delham Red (DR) and Native (N) and their crosses were maintained for on farm evaluation. The direct (Native X DR), Reciprocal (DR x N) and 3-way F2 crosses ((DR XN) X DR) chicks were developed and are under different stages of performance evaluation under farm / field conditions along with DR and G3 Native stocks.

• The on-farm evaluation of DR parent stock birds (1520 chicks) procured from CDPO, Chandigarh and Native (G2 generation ) birds revealed higher performance as compared to previous stocks (DR and G1 generation N) with Age at first egg (AFE) of 140.14 days while the age at 50% HHEP was 176.12 days in DR birds. The egg production (HHEP) up to 40 and 52 weeks of age were 66.90 and 99.70 eggs respectively and egg weight at 32 and 40 weeks of age was 56.14±0.42 gm and 58.95±0.43 gm respectively. In Native ( G2 generation) birds; the AFE was 156 days and age at 50% HHEP was 185.83 days .The HHEP up to 40 and 52 weeks of age were 39.80 and 75.78 eggs and egg weight at 32 and 40 weeks of age was 43.47±0.48 gm and 45.80±0.59 gm respectively.

• During the period, 28310 eggs of different poultry stocks were set for hatching, out of which 19176 quality chicks were hatched. The overall fertility was 87.76% and hatchability on Total egg set (TES) and fertile egg set (FES) basis was 67.73% and 77.17% respectively. During the period 15827 chicks were supplied to poultry farmers in different districts of the state.

AICRP on Goat Improvement (Field Unit) • The performance of 1149 goats including 749 breed able does, identified by ear

tagging in 4 adopted field units was monitored. A total of 625 young kids were born (kidding rate 83.45%) in these selected flocks, 118 animals of different ages died and 459 animals were sold by the owners. The overall population growth was 4.18%, kidding rate 83.45%; overall mortality 6.65%, incidence of twin birth was 19.96% and incidence of abortions was 6.71%. Maximum kidding was recorded in months of November (176 kids) and December (156 kids).

• The overall least square mean for body weights at birth, 3 month, 6 month, 9 month and 12 months of age were 2.98±0.02, 15.03±0.13, 19.17±0.17, 23.57±0.12 and 26.80±0.18 Kg., respectively with significant effects of sex of kid and field units. The overall body length, body height and body girth at birth was 31.85, 34.31 and 36.44 cm, respectively. The corresponding figures at three month were 53.87, 52.33 and 58.34 cm, at six months were 60.84, 57.21 and 65.55 cm, at nine months were 62.73, 60.87 and 72.76 cm and at twelve months were 66.77, 63.29 and 75.17 cm respectively.

• 25 young bucks were selected and purchased from different field units, reared till sexual maturity at Palampur and 16 of them distributed to 15 different farmers as breeding input for genetic up gradation of farmer’s flocks.


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II. Animal Nutrition

• Seabuckthorn by-products i.e. leaves, cake and pomace can be added in the rations of animals. Seabuckthorn leaves can be added upto 6% in broiler rations. Its cake can be added upto 30% level. When used upto 20% in layer rations the egg wt. egg production and egg mass increases. Higher microbial population and better rumen metabolites were found in adult calves fed seabuckthorn cake upto 50% in calf grower rations. Seabuckthorn cake can be used to obtain 40% of total protein in milk rations. Seabuckthorn pomace can be added in broiler diets upto 20% level of CP replacement.

• Inclusion of Azolla (Azolla pinnata), a non conventional feed resource, to commercial broiler birds had a significant ( P<0.05) effect on its growth when azolla was incorporated in its diet at 5 per cent level. Feeding of Azolla at 5% inclusion in the diet also improved the blood mineral profile of the macro minerals namely calcium, magnesium and phosphorus as well as micro mineral namely iron and zinc. 3. The incorporation of Azolla to the broiler birds did not exhibit any anti nutritional effect. 4.) The above results are encouraging for the farmers to incorporate Azolla in the diet of broilers to reduce the cost of feeding which costs around 70 per cent to the total cost of production

III. Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Improvement of feed resources and nutrient utilization for raising animal production

• In a study on strategic supplementation of limiting nutrients on growth responses in cattle, investigations were conducted on 20 crossbred calves reared indoor in livestock farm of CSKHPKV, Palampur. They were divided into 4 groups having 5 calves each ranging from 82.6 to 84 kg body weight with an average body weight of 83.3 kg. They were reared for 35 days and their body weights were recorded after every 15 days. During the last 5 days, a digestibility cum metabolic trial was conducted. The animals were fed iso-proteinous and iso-energetic diets as per BIS standards. They were fed calf grower ration, wheat straw and locally available green grass. Group 1st was kept as control group and other three were kept under treatment. The treatment groups were strategically supplemented with limiting nutrients and following parameters were recorded (Weekly body weight, and rumen (NH3 nitrogen, total VFA). During digestibility trial total feed intake and faeces and urine excreted was recorded daily for a period of five days.

• In an experiment conducted during 2012-13 it was observed that feeding treated wheat straw did not affect the growth performance of calves, despite same amount of dry matter consumption. The animals of group-III showed significantly the highest gain in weight. Similarly during this experiment the gain in weight of Group-III was the highest. In the metabolism cum digestibly trial conducted, it was observed that this group showed significantly higher digestibility coefficient of DM, CF, CP and NFE. However there was no significant difference in the digestibility of EE. Also the digestibility coefficient of DM, CF, CP and NFE were also significantly higher than that of the control, in group-IV animals. Group-III calves consumed numerically less DM on % body weight basis and gained the highest body weight during 5 days collection period of digestibility trial. No significant difference was observed in rumen ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid concentration amongst the groups. It means that the best growth performance of calves of G-III despite less DM


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intake was due to better availability of nutrients as evidenced by high digestibility of nutrients. It could be concluded that feeding protected protein to the growing calves is more advantageous than that of feeding either urea-molasses treated wheat straw with concentrated or feeding treated wheat straw with protected proteins. Therefore only protected protein feeding with normal wheat straw and available green forages can support good growth of calves.

Identification of acute phase proteins as biomarkers in sub-clinical bovine mastitis

• In this project, the potential biomarkers of mastitis in cows were investigated. These biomarkers are acute phase proteins which appear early in an inflammation. The suitability of SAA as specific intra-mammary biomarker appearing in subclinical mastitis was ascertained in this study. It was found that presence of SAA transcript in the milk was associated with the presence of pathogenic bacteria and increased somatic cell count. Further in this study serum amyloid A gene was successfully cloned n pET 22 b (+) vector. The cloning of gene in expression vector will facilitate the production of recombinant serum amyloid A protein, which otherwise is difficult to purify from the milk sample, as it contains hundreds of proteins and peptides. The recombinant serum amyloid A protein will be used to raise antibodies in a suitable host animal. The antibodies will be purified and these will form the first stepping stone for the development of a diagnostic kit. These antibodies conjugated with a colour developing reagent will diagnose subclinical mastitis with an appearance of a colour after binding to serum amyloid A protein. This will form a quick and reliable method for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, which is bereft of clinical symptoms and is only diagnosed when clinical form sets in and damages the udder. .

Augmenting diagnostic facilities for capacity building for effecting diseases diagnosis in state of Himachal Pradesh

• During the period under report six trainings were conducted on laboratory diagnosis for Veterinary Pharmacists of Animal Husbandry Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh in which 65 Veterinary Pharmacists were imparted training. A training manual was also prepared by the department which was given to each of the trainees along with a diagnostic kit comprising of all the essential laboratory equipment’s required for basic blood and urine tests.

IV. Veterinary Microbiology

• In the studies on cellular, immunological and molecular responses against Pasteurella

multocida in calves, a pilot study has been conducted in calves to standardize the challenge dose. ELISA was also standardized to measure serum IgG and IgM levels against P. multocida B:2 challenge in calves and their concentration was measured. RNA was extracted from the blood and PBMCs of the challenged animals to measure the immune gene response by Real time- PCR.

• Under All India Network Programme on HS, a total of 181 samples from different

species were processed for the isolation of Pasturella and among all, 9 isolates were characterized and identified as P. multocida using conventional and molecular methods. OmpA profiling and capsular serotype of isolates identified as P. multocida was also done. Besides this validation and comparison of HS saponified with Oil Adjuvant Vaccine showed that both vaccines provide immunity for six months in calves.


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• Unique isolates submitted to Veterinary type culture collection (VTCC), Hisar during

2014-2015 are Brucella melintensis, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas jandaei, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Edwardsiella ictaluri and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolates accessioned by VTCC in 2014-15 are Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus auerus, Streptococcus bovis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Roultella terrigena, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas sobria, Salmonella gallinarum, Proteus mirabilis, Pasteurella multocida, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus mycoides, Aeromonas jandaei.

V. Veterinary Pathology

• The methanolic leaf extract of Lantana camara showed some protection against

experimental challenge with S. Gallinarum infection in quail based on mortality, serum biochemical and pathological changes.

• A total of 34 (87.18%) out of 45 sheep were found to be showing evidence of paratuberculosis on the basis of histopathological examination of terminal ileum and associated lymph nodes as well as immunological and other diagnostic tests such as ELISA, AGID, ZN staining, cytology and PCR..

• 39 out of 68 samples (57.35%) in goats revealed paratuberculosis on the basis of histopathological examination of terminal ileum and associated lymph nodes as well as immunological and other diagnostic tests such as ELISA, AGID, ZN staining, cytology and PCR.

VI. Veterinary Medicine

• Under this project a total of 63 farm units of Chegu pashmina goats were established in 12 villages of Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh.

• Soil was found deficient in Magnesium while there was excess Sulphur in majority of villages.

• Haematological examination revealed mean Haemoglobin value of 11.46±0.27 gm%. Plasma mineral analysis for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Iron, Copper, Zinc and Cobalt was also done and since there are no previous records available, hence results of this analysis were presented as base line values for future studies.

• Faecal samples collected from Chegu goats and kids from traditional and non-traditional area of H.P. were positive for Trichuris and Marshallagia ova.

• Tympany, Nematodirus infestation, Brucellosis was recorded as the new diseases in Chegu goats of tribal area.

• The quality analysis of Pashmina was done and the mean fibre diameter was found to be in range from 12.28±0.55 to 15.51±0.75 µ with the fibre length in between 31.79±0.72 and 47.52±0.75 mm. An organic dye was also developed under the project from locally available weed namely “Lumb”.

• The therapeutic efficacy of Susp. Altai PlusR, a broad spectrum deworming solution containing Abamectin, Levamisole and Albendazole along with Selenium and Cobalt was evaluated in 10 goats suffering from endoparasitic infestation @ dose rate of 1ml / 4 kg B.W. Drug was found to be effective against endoparasites in goats with no clinical assessable side effects.Also, efficacy of Liq. Abis-ECR containing Abamectin (0.6%) for topical application as spray, mop or dip was tested in 10 dogs of varied age


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groups. Drug was found to be effective for the control of ectoparasites in dogs as the results revealed that ectoparasites were found dead or were shed off within 24-48 hrs. of application.

• Investigation on Canine Parvoviral enteritis was done in 110 dogs. Results revealed the prevalence of parvovirus infection to be 43.64% in dogs of Palampur and nearby area. Also, the infection was much more prevalent (70.83%) in younger dogs (<6 months) as compared to adults. Leucopenia and decreased haemoglobin were prominent haematological findings. Most of the dogs suffering from parvoviral gastroenteritis revealed hypoproteinemia, hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia and hypochloraemia. The activity of Creatine Kinase –MB was elevated (4 times) in ailing dogs as compared to healthy ones. The study also concluded that PCR is more sensitive in diagnosing canine parvovirus as compared to the ScanvetR Kit test. Antibiotic (Cephtriaxone+Tazobactem) along with antiviral (Oseltamivir) and immunomodulator (Selenium and Vitamin E) treatment regimen was found to be most efficacious one.

VII. Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology

• Seabuckthorn pulp extract exhibited better in vivo antioxidant as well as

immunomodulatory activity as compared to seed oil in male wistar rats. Potassium dichromate was used to induce immunosuppression and oxidative stress.

• The pharmacokinetic studies revealed that gatifloxacin has a high bioavailability (83.25%) following oral route and it would be prudent to administer the drug by oral route.

• The simultaneous administration of piperine and gatifloxacin did not offer any advantage with respect to therapeutics.

• In vitro studies on various plant extracts revealed that plant extract of B. variegata, G. glabra, M. kaenigii and H. rhamnoides possess good antimicrobial activity.

• In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging (ABTS, DPPH, OH, NO etc.) activity of Glycerrhiza glabra and Bauhinia variegata were studied in different extracts (viz.95% methanolic, 95% ethanolic and 100% aqueous). It was found that 95% methanolic extract is better free radical scavenger and possess more reducing power as compared to other extracts.

• The methanolic extract of seabuckthorn leaves exhibited antidiabetic effect (in vitro) by alpha glucosidase inhibition assay.

• Methanolic extract of Curcuma longa and Berberis aristata exhibited antioxidant action and methanolic extract of B arista stems was proved to have better antioxidant activity with IC50 value 43.05 µg/ml through DPPH free radical scavenging assay.

VIII. Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

• Premedication with butorphanol and diazepam helped to lower the induction dose of ketofol (3.00±0.00 mg/kg IV) in comparison to ketamine (5.0±0.29 mg/kg IV) and propofol (4.5±0.07mg/kg IV) in dogs.

• The combination of butorphanol-diazepam-ketofol has isoflurane sparing effect; the maintenance concentration of isoflurane required was 1.75% as compared to butorphanol-diazepam-ketamine (2.49%) and butorphanol-diazepam-propofol (2.75%).


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• Butorphanol-Diazepam-ketofol combination is comparatively safer for surgical anaesthesia in dogs than butorphanol-diazepam-ketamine and butorphanol-diazepam-propofol. However the recovery was better and smooth in butorphanol-diazepam-propofol group.

• The combination of Lansoprazole and SBT seed oil has synergistic therapeutic efficacy in dexamethasone-induced GUE in dogs.

• The 40% Aloe vera @ 5 ml p.o. b.i.d. alone or in combination with SBT seed oil does not have any therapeutic efficacy in dexamethasone-induced GUE in dogs.

• The end threaded intramedullary positive profile screw ended self-tapping pin used for fixation of long bone fractures in canines can resist pin migration, pin breakage and all loads acting on the bone i.e. rotation, compression, tension, bending and also shearing to an extent with no post-operative complications.

• The end threaded intramedullary positive profile screw ended self-tapping pin is economical and can be easily used in field conditions in managing long bone fractures in canines, as compared to other orthopaedic implants.

• In the standardization phase detailed systematic ultrasonographic baseline data of native Spiti horse and mule abdomen was compiled, which will help in future to delineate the normal and abnormal conditions of an equine abdomen.

• Imaging of some static and dynamic variables of Intestines like wall thickness and frequency of contractions provides an important diagnostic lead in management of intestinal affections.

• In the clinical application phase ultrasonography was found to be an important imaging diagnostic aid for diagnosing different abdominal disorders in equines like colonic impaction, intestinal obstruction, intussusceptions, peritonitis, urinary bladder rupture, renal disorder, various hepatic and splenic disorders, hernias, enteritis and gastric distension.

• The sonographic evaluation of the abdomen equips the surgeon/clinician to differentiate between true and false colic, which helps reach at an accurate diagnosis and formulate a precise and efficient therapeutic plan.

IX. Veterinary Gynaecology

• Investigation of 2399 animals in 49 gaushalas of 9 districts revealed that technical errors (approximately 30%) followed by poor management (approx. 20%) were the main reasons which lead to abandoning of cows. Induction of lactation may prove beneficial in infertile/sterile cows. However, live weight and body condition score were the key determinants regulating the success of hormonal induction of lactation.

• Considering that technical errors lead to infertility, refresher training was imparted to thirteen batches of veterinary pharmacists (351 participants) already deployed for AI by Department of Animal Husbandry, H.P. to upgrade their AI skill.

• Good post thaw semen quality was another key determinant for success of AI. Studies on certain functional and biochemical parameters in fresh and frozen semen of buffalo bulls with varying reproductive performance revealed that significantly higher mass activity, higher percentage of live, progressively motile, HOS reactive and intact acrosome spermatozoa and lower pH values were recorded in good quality semen. Greater loss of plasma membrane integrity and higher leaching of intracellular enzymes was detected in poor quality semen. Lower AST, ALT and hyaluronidase and higher AKP concentrations and higher Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium and Chloride levels were recorded in good quality semen. There


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was a strong correlation between functional and biochemical parameters of good as well as poor quality semen of Murrah buffalo bulls.

• Difficult parturition leads to heavy economic losses to farmers and either calf or mother or both may be lost due to mismanagement during calving. Studies were conducted on etio-pathology and therapeutics of bovine dystocia in Himachal Pradesh. It was found that among maternal factors, in cattle, incomplete dilatation of cervix caused majority of dystocia in cases presented in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, whereas, under field conditions, narrow pelvis resulted in majority of dystocia. In buffaloes, uterine torsion was the major cause of dystocia in cases presented both in the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex and under field conditions. Among fetal factors, flexions of head, neck and limbs were the major cause of dystocia in both cattle and buffaloes. First estrus postpartum was delayed and calving to conception interval increased significantly in dystocia affected cows and buffaloes.

• Fifty-five clinical camps have been conducted in different places (including tribal areas) viz. Lahaul and Spiti, Pangi, Holi, Bharmour, Salooni, Kihar (Chamba), Kaza, Mandi, Rohru (Dodra & Kwar), Bhoda, Bhatoli, Dah Kulahra, Talwar, Jaisinghpur, Drung and Palampur (Kangra), Kinnour, Dashlera (Bilaspur), Karra, Dhaneta (Hamirpur), Sandhol (Mandi) etc. and around 1200 animals were examined for infertility and treatment was instituted.

• A total of four on field and one campus training programme with one follow up each was accomplished. A total of 150 lady farmer’s belonging to different regions of district Kangra and Chamba were trained for UMMB preparation at farmer’s own house. Soil samples pertaining to different target areas were collected to assess soil mineral profile to correlate it to incidence of mineral deficiencies in bovines of the target area. A total of 153 Jersey post pubertal heifer’s and cows were also examined for infertility during on field trainings cum clinical camps.

X. Anatomy and Histology • Gross Anatomy, Histology, Histochemistry including postnatal development of the

female genital system of Gaddi sheep and goat have been conducted. Seasonal changes during different phases of estrus cycle and senility have also been worked out. The Hypothalamo-hypophysio-Gonadal axis of these two animals has also been studied in detail. The heart musculature of buffalo and goat was studied by macerating the heart with dilute acid. The heart musculature of auricles and ventricles, showed “common” and “special” fibres in both the species

• Research on yak established the vertebral formula of the animal to be C7 T14 L5 S6 Cy15 with 14 pairs ribs. Research work on Spiti pony included the topographic anatomical description of the major splanchnic organs (lungs, digestive tube, spleen, thyroid and kidneys) reported in the form of a text atlas. Gross biometrical parameters of the different organs of female genital system (ovary, oviduct, uterus etc) of spiti pony were also reported

• The commercial herbal drugs (Himax® and Teeburb® proved quite effective in healing of the cutaneous wound when used in combination and proved to be cheaper compared to other proprietary preparations. Studies on saliva, turmeric and Neem were also conducted and the efficacy of Neem oil, in paraffin paste (50:50) was found most effective

• Studies on the Gross Anatomy, Histology, and Histochemistry of the intestine of Gaddi sheep were completed and all the components present were recorded

• The research work was carried out on the organs of the male genital system (Testis, epididymis, vas deferens, accessory sex glands, viz., ampulla of the vas deferens


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seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulb urethral glands) and the pineal gland of Gaddi goats and Gaddi sheep.

HOME SCIENCES

I. Food Science Nutrition and Technology • Quality evaluation and value addition potential of organically vis-à-vis conventionally

grown exotic vegetables viz. broccoli (Brassica oleracea) and kale (Brassica oleracea L.var acephala DC) was assessed. Organically and inorganically grown Palam Samridhi variety of broccoli and DSK-1of kale were used. Results of the study revealed that organically and inorganically grown broccoli and kale varied in dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and minerals with higher values in organically grown counterparts. Different value added products viz. pickle, nuggets, soup mix and traditional food preparations like madra, sabji, katlu and bhujju were prepared from organically and conventionally grown broccoli and kale.

• Methodologies for preparation of extruded snacks (kurkure type product) and ready to eat chocolate coated breakfast cereals were standardized. The buckwheat flour (ogla and fafra) and amaranth flour made from popped seeds were used in combination with rice flour in varying proportions viz. 00:100, 20:80, 40:60 and 60:40 respectively. Addition of 60 per cent amaranth flour showed highest WSI whereas highest WAI was observed in product containing 60 per cent fafra flour. Colour of the product was not significantly affected by addition of base flour.

• Methodology for preparation of litchi (Litchi chinensis) concentrate was standardized with the objective to explore the post harvest potential of litchi fruit for the preparation of concentrates having TSS of 50, 60 and 70˚B and evaluated fresh, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 months of storage intervals for their nutritional profile and consumers’ acceptability. The litchi concentrate can be prepared of all three concentrations viz. 50, 60 and 70˚B, but concentration restricted to 50˚B slightly more acceptable for colour and other sensory quality parameters.

• Data regarding the socio economic status and the dietary intake of the families was collected from the operational village. Ninety families were selected from the selected village. These families were categorized in three socio economic groups i.e. LIG, MIG and HIG. In each category thirty families were selected. Five iron rich recipes namely Nutritious khichri, Nutritious dalia, Khatta meetha namkeen, Mathri and Paushtic Pinni were standardized and prepared by using locally available foods for the feeding trial of the adolescent girls.

• Indian Horse Chestnut which is widely grown at high altitude and goes waste due to lack of awareness, improper processing techniques for the development of value added products. The best known benefit is aescin is anti inflammatory. Methods were standardized to extract aescin from the seeds. The processed flour was found to be having hypoglycaemic and anti-cholesterolemic properties. The flour can be processed for various value added products.

• Giloye and Ashwagandha were tested to have hypoglycaemic and anti-cholesterolemic properties and were found to be effective up to 10%. Beverages viz. RTS Squashed and syrups can be prepared and safely stored up to 4 months without losing its nutritional as well as sensory properties.

• Nuts grown in Himachal Pradesh viz. Pecan nut, pine nut and wild apricot contain ample amount of proteins, minerals and phytochemicals and can serve an important role in diets due to health improving benefits. Apart from having good protein quality, these nuts have hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic effect and can be used by


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patients suffering from heart problems and diabetes. Technology was developed for removing bitterness from wild apricots thereby improving its protein quality. Various value added products like biscuits, buns, nutribars and chikki can be prepared from these nuts.

• Eleven weaning formulations utilizing locally available food resources have been developed and five weaning formulations are under validation (submitted to FRAC lab).

II. Human Development • The study was undertaken with the objectives to identify academically backward

children, to assess the vocational aptitude of identified academically backward children, to assess the Socio Emotional Problems of these children and Establishment of counseling centre. The Study was conducted in three Govt. Sen. Sec. Schools from three villages i.e. Rajpur, Banuri and Ghuggar of Panchrukhi and Bhawarna blocks. A total of 150 academically poor Children studying in 7th, 8th and 9th standard were selected. The respondents were administered scales on Socio Economic Status (SES), Vocational Interests, academic backwardness and Socio Emotional Problems (SPS). Following are the salient findings:

• Established a Counseling Centre under AICRP-HD component at Bandvihar village of district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh where invited lectures are arranged for the adolescents as well as the women along with the trainings.

• Socio Emotional Problem scale (SPS) was administered on the teachers as well as on the respondents. Regarding the socio emotional problems as reported by adolescents were sometimes in habit of quarrelling with others and did not like to play with friends and reported by the teachers were distractive behaviour, low self esteem and were hyper active in the class.

• Regarding Vocational Interests shown by the respondents, majority of the adolescents had low level of interest in literary, creativity, household, agriculture and scientific areas.

• Academic, Familial and reasons as reported by the respondents for their academic backwardness were not liking few subjects, find study as burden, phobia of study, boring teaching methods, not good in oral and written expression and biased teachers behaviour, non conducive home environment, disturbance by siblings, engagement in house hold activities, financial constraints, negative attitude by parents, ill health, stomachache, vision problem, headache, physical weakness and hearing problems.

• The study was undertaken with the objective to find out the physical health status of tribal women and children of Himachal Pradesh, Prevalence of morbidity among them, treatment seeking behaviour among tribal women and children. The study was conducted in two blocks viz. Kalpa and Nichar of district Kinnaur of Himachal Pradesh. From these blocks, 250 women in their reproductive years in the age group of 15-45 yrs and 250 children in the age group of 6 months - 6 yrs were selected thus making a total of 500 sample from the district. The results revealed that women’s nutritional intake was also found to be less as compared to RDA. However half of the respondents were found to have normal weight, followed by women who were underweight. Their energy requirement was about 70-72% of RDA. On the other hand children’s health status was comparatively better than tribal women. Majority of them were breast fed and given Colostrum and the weaning age was 6 months. Regarding the nutrient intake of these children protein intake was high as compared to RDA with fat only 5-7 gm less than RDA. Not much difference was seen for other nutrients. Common ailments seen among these children were cold and cough due to


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extreme cold weather conditions. Even eye problems, diarrhoea and skin allergies were common among tribal children.

III. Family Resource Management

• Under AICRP FRM component the field trials were conducted on traditional method of potato uprooting and picking which is done by using a spade and by hands in the squatting posture causing heavy workload and drudgery to farm women. Thereafter, a new Potato picker was devised and put to trial in the adopted villages. It was reported that wire mesh size needed to be reduced and picker should be lighter in weight. After getting the feedback potato picker was again modified and redesigned with more mesh holes of 1.25cm. The new potato picker has been accepted.

• Two technologies, that is, potato picker and medium hoe were modified and developed and these two have been accepted after trails in field.

• The research team of AICRP FRM unit conducted five one day trainings and three five days trainings on various aspects such as use of improved gender friendly tools and implements; preparation o handicrafts; resource management practices, hygiene and sanitation and rain water harvest techniques covering more than 200 farm women and children of Gankhetar, Sidhpur Sarkari, Morla, Banuri, Naushehra, Jia, Menjha, Bundla, Jikhli beth, Dhanag and Bandvihar village.

• Celebrated ‘farm day’ at Gankhetar and organized different competitions for the farm women like maize shelling using the maize sheller, crocheting and envelope making. Prizes were also distributed to the winners.

IV. Textiles and Apparel Designing • Series of experiments were conducted for standardization of Colocasia esculenta

(Colocasia) extracted starch on white cotton fabric. The extracted starch was white in colour and after testing it was found suitable for starching cotton fabric.

• Grewia optiva and cotton union fabric was prepared on handloom further tested for physical properties like Thickness (124.31mm), Stiffness (284.62 mg /cm), Drape area (231.24), Drape coefficient (29.44 percent), Strength (82.075 kg) and Pilling. Various value added products were like Magazine holder, Booklet holder, Umbrella holder, Chart holder and Blinds were prepared and got evaluated using 5 hedonic scale method by different panel of judges and products were found acceptable.

• Standardization and optimization of conditions for utilization of pine resin as fixer in fabric printing. It was observed that pine resin using natural binder i.e. arrowroot; can be utilized as a fixer during fabric printing.

• Standardization and optimization of conditions for block printing on cotton fabric using natural cassia seed gum and reactive dyes.

• Experiments were conducted to dye Pashmina Yarn with plant dye sources viz. Eupatorium adenophorum, Lantana camera, Biden pilosa and Lichi chinensis. Dyeing variables such as dye extraction time, concentration of dye / mordant and dyeing time were optimised. Beautiful tints and shades of green, brown and yellow were obtained after dyeing. It was found that different mordants improved the colour appearance of the yarn. Various designed and blended value added products were developed.

V. Home Science Extension and Communication Management


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• Series of experiments were conducted for standardization of Colocasia esculenta (Colocasia) extracted starch on white cotton fabric. The extracted starch was white in colour and after testing it was found suitable for starching cotton fabric.

• Grewia optiva and cotton union fabric was prepared on handloom further tested for physical properties like Thickness (124.31mm), Stiffness (284.62 mg /cm), Drape area (231.24), Drape coefficient (29.44 percent), Strength (82.075 kg) and Pilling. Various value added products were like Magazine holder, Booklet holder, Umbrella holder, Chart holder and Blinds were prepared and got evaluated using 5 hedonic scale method by different panel of judges and products were found acceptable.

• Standardization and optimization of conditions for utilization of pine resin as fixer in fabric printing. It was observed that pine resin using natural binder i.e. arrowroot; can be utilized as a fixer during fabric printing.

• Standardization and optimization of conditions for block printing on cotton fabric using natural cassia seed gum and reactive dyes.

• Experiments were conducted to dye Pashmina Yarn with plant dye sources viz. Eupatorium adenophorum, Lantana camera, Biden pilosa and Lichi chinensis. Dyeing variables such as dye extraction time, concentration of dye / mordant and dyeing time were optimised. Beautiful tints and shades of green, brown and yellow were obtained after dyeing. It was found that different mordents improved the colour appearance of the yarn. Various designed and blended value added products were developed.

Item No.4: To place before the Council the list of research projects sanctioned since 03-08-2014 The summary of research projects sanctioned from 03-08-2014 to date is given below for kind perusal of the members of the Research Council and the detail of these projects is annexed as ANNEXURE-I: Summary of research projects sanctioned from 03-08-2014 to date Name of the College/ Department/ College/ Station

No. of Project sanctioned

Total Budget (Rs. in lakh)

Funding Agency(ies)

College of Agriculture Crop Improvement 1 22.79 DST, New Delhi Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management

1 1.60 Coromandel Ltd. Secunderabad

Plant Pathology 2 36.67 Dept. of Science & Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, Directorate of Agriculture, Govt. of H.P.

Entomology 4 117.42 Department of Agriculture Shimla (RKVY),M/S Indofil Industries, Mumbai, Indian Institute of Horti. Res., Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru, M/S Bayer Crop.


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Science, Ltd. Ludhiana, Agricultural Economics, Extension Education & Rural Sociology

1 6.13 Executive Engineer (IPH) Division, Una (HP)

Agricultural Biotechnology 3 40.39 Dept. of Science & Technology, New Delhi, Director, CRRI & Coordinator, IRA Cuttack

Total 12 225.01 College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Vety. Surgery & Radiology 1 109.92 Department of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of HP (RKVY)

Vety. Gynaecology and Obstetrics

2 40.04 Department of Agriculture, Shimla (RKVY), M/S Rodee Pharmaceuticals, Pvt. Ltd. Ghaziabad (UP)

Vety. Microbiology 1 45.00 Department of Agriculture, Shimla (RKVY)

Total 4 194.96 College of Basic Sciences

Microbiology 2 42.87 Department of Agriculture, Shimla (RKVY), National Collection of Dairy Culture, Dairy Microbiology, Karnal, DST, New Delhi,

Biology & Environmental Sciences

1 17.61 Science & Biotechnology, New Delhi

Total 3 60.48 Research Centres/Stations

Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan

1 35.00 Dept. of Agriculture, Govt. of HP (RKVY)

HAREC, Bajaura 1 8.00 ICSSR, New Delhi Dhaulakuan 1 1.00 ICAR, New Delhi Total 3 44.00 Grand Total 22 524.44 Item No. 5: To place before the Council the abstracts of Ph.D. theses submitted and

approved from 03-08-2014 to date. I. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE

Crop Improvement 1. Title of Thesis : Gene action for yield and related traits in soybean

(Glycine max (L.) and development of interspecific hybrids involving wild species

Name of the Student : Indu Bala (A-2010-40-04)


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Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. Jai Dev Salient findings The present investigation entitled “Gene action for yield related traits in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] and development of interspecific hybrids involving wild species” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, CSKHPKV, Palampur to gather information on genetic architecture for seed yield and component traits in soybean and to introgress desirable genes from wild species to cultivated ones. The experimental material comprosed of 54 triple test cross progenies derived by mating 18 lines with three testers, namely, Hara Soya (L), Him Soya (L2 ) and their F1 (L 3 ). This genetic material was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during Kharif 2013. Epistasis was found to be an integral part of genetic variation for majority of the traits. Epistatic interaction for many traits was ‘j+1’ type except days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, reproductive phase, petiole length, seed per pod, harvest index and 100 seed weight, whereas plant height, internode length, pods per plant and biological yield per plant carried ‘i’ type epistasis alongwith ‘j+1’ type. Additive component (D) was more pronounced than dominance component (H) for most of the traits. Both additive and dominance components were of almost equal magnitude for pod length indicating the importance of both additive and dominance type of gene action, whereas partial degree of dominance was noticed for majority of traits. The kind of genetic variance revealed from triple test cross can be exploited by intermating selected individuals in early segregating generations with delayed selection in later generations, diallel selective mating/ biparental mating or recurrent selection followed by pedigree method to exploit both additive and non-additive components alongwith epistasis.Lines Bragg, Shivalik and P9-2-2 were found to be good general combiners for most of the traits. The cross combinations, Bragg x Hara Soya, PK-472 x Him Soya, DS-1213 x Hara Soya, H-330 x Hara Soya and H-330 x Him Soya showed high per se performance, SCA effects, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis for seed yield per plant and were rated as potential crosses for further improvement. Cross H-330 x Him Soya showed resistance against brown spot and bacterial pustule diseases. The interspecific hybrids developed involving Glycine max x G. soja were true to type based on confirmation at the morphological molecular and cytological level. Sufficient variability was found for all the traits studied in wide hybrids. Seed yield per plant showed significantly positive correlation with reproductive phase, pods per plant, pod length, petiole length, harvest index and 100-seed weight. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soil Science 1. Title of Thesis : Comparative effectiveness of farm yard manure and

vermicompost under prescription based fertilizer application in maize-wheat system in an acid Alfisol.

Name of the Student : Vijay Singh (A-2010-40-07)


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Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. S.P. Dixit Salient findings The present investigation was carried out to study the comparative effectiveness of farm yard manure and vermicompost under prescription based fertilizer application in maize-wheat system in an acid Alfisol at experimental farm of Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur. There were nine treatments which were replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The treatments were control, soil test bases, farmers’ practice, 100% NPK, target yield (non-IPNS), target yield with 2.5t and 5t FYM ha ̵ Ꞌ target yield with 2.5t and 5t vermicompost ha ̵ Ꞌ . The target yield for maize and wheat was 40q and 35q ha ̵ Ꞌ, respectively. The experiment farm was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction (pH.5.1), medium in organic carbon (7.8 g kg ̵ Ꞌ) with 208, 26.and 214 kg ha ̵ Ꞌ of available N,P and K, respectively. The micronutrient cation viz. Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were 21.2, 0.83, 0.99 and 16.9 mg kg ̵ Ꞌ. Surface (0-0.15m) and sub-surface (015-0.30m) soil samples taken before the sowing and after the harvest of each crop were analysed for pH,OC,CEC,N,P,K, Ca,Mg, S and micronutrient cations viz. Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Bulk density, particle density, water holding capacity, water stable aggregates, microbial biomass carbon, urease and phosphatise activity were determined before the sowing and after harvest of last crop. Yield of maize and wheat was recorded. Plant samples of both the crops were analyzed for total N.P,K,Ca,Mg, S and micronutrient cations and their uptakes were worked out. The study revealed that the bulk density and particle density reduced whereas water bolding capacity and water stable aggregates increased in targeted yield treatments with integrated plant nutrient supply (IPNS) as compared to their non-IPNS counterparts. Soil pH was not affected significantly but OC and CEC improved in targeted yield with IPNS than rest of the treatments in both surface and sub-surface soil samples. The status of available N,P,K and S was recorded highest in treatment where 5t vermicompost ha`Ꞌ with targeted yield was applied. Exchangeable Ca, Mg and DTPA extractable micronutrient cations viz. Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu increased under prescription based fertilizer application with IPNS as compared to non- IPNS in both surface and sub-surface soil samples. Microbial biomass carbon, urease activity and phosphatise activity was recorded highest in the treatment comprising of fertilizer application based on targeted yield with 5t vermicompost ha ̵ Ꞌ. Highest yield of both the crops was recorded in treatment where 5t vermicompost ha ̵ Ꞌ was applied with targeted yield concept and uptake of primary (N,P and K), secondary (Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrient cations viz. Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were recorded higher in targeted yield treatments of IPNS as compared to rest of the treatments. In maize, the highest net returns were recorded in the treatment with targeted yield (non-IPNS) followed by targeted yield with 2.5 t FYM ha and lowest in farmers’ practice whereas, in wheat the highest net return were recorded in the treatment with targeted yield (non-IPNS) followed by 2.5t FYM ha ̵ Ꞌ with targeted yield treatment and lowest in farmers’ practice. In maize, output input ratio was highest (2.6) recorded in targeted yield treatment with non-IPNS whereas, in wheat it was highest in soil test base (3.2). All the physical, chemical and biological properties were positively correlated with grain and straw yield of maize and wheat except bulk density and particle density.

Plant Pathology


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1. Title of Thesis : Molecular characterization of NL-In strain of BCMV infecting common bean in Himachal Pradesh and development of diagnostic kits

Name of the Student : Anuradha (A-2010-40-05) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. P.N. Sharma Salient findings Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), locally known as “Rajmash”one of the most widely grown grain legume crop grown around the world is vulnerable to the attack of wide range of plant pathogens. Among these bean mosaic disease caused by Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), a member of family Potyviridae is most important to low yield contributing factor because of its regular occurrence and ubiquitous seed borne nature. In India, five strains of BCMV viz., NL-1, NL-1n, NL-4,NL-7 and NL-7n have been reported from north-western Himalayas, of which NL-1n is widely prevalent in the entire region. The present investigations on BCMV-NL-1n strain were undertaken to obtain complete genome sequence, relationship with different strains and to elucidate the presence of R-genes to find out durable sources of resistance. Typical sysptoms produced were mosaic, blistering, downward leaf rolling, green wein banding , thickening of leaves, reduction of leaf lamina and leaf deformation which were more sever on seed borne infected plants as compared to sap inoculated. DAS-ELISA test and coat protein gene amplification confirmed the identity of virus as BCMV and reaction pattern on Internation differential set of bean varieties established the strain identity. This strain was separated from other BCMV strains on the basis of temperature sensitivity assay as it induced temperature insensitive necrosis on cv. Jubila that contains resistance gene (1,bc-1) , thus differs from all other strains of BCMV and BCMNV. The genome size was 10.081 kb and contains an open reading frame that encoded a single polyprotein of 3222 amino acids which cleaved into ten proteins typical of Potyvirus. Sequence homology, multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis on nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed that BCMV-NL-1n is more closely related to BCMV-NL-1 though clustered along with other strains and isolates of BCMV, HC- Pro region sequences based comparison among BCMV strains showed its potential for the discrimination of different strains, however, it still needs further validation involving more number of isolates. Under artificial inoculation conditions, 130 common bean accessions were found resistant to strain BCMV-NL-1n in a panel of 304 accessions comprising of diverse germplasm. BCMV resistance gene prediction based on marker assisted selection (MAS) approaches, using tightly linked SCAR markers showed the presence of three resistance genes viz., 1,bc-1² and bc-3 genes in 105,53 and 22 common bean accessions found resistant in the


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present study. Five genotypes viz., IC-43567, EC-109731, EC-116178, EC-120636 and Improved Tender Green possessed all the three genes. The resistant sources identified against the prevalent strains can be exploited in resistance breeding programme. 2. Title of Thesis : Organic management of buckeye rot of tomato caused

by Phytophthora nicotianae var parasitica (Dastur) Waterhouse

Name of the Student : Raj Krishan (A-2011-40-09) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. Y.S. Paul Salient findings Present investigations on “Organic management of buckeye rot of tomato caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var parasitica (Dastur) Waterhouse” were conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, CSKHPKV, Palampur during 2012-2014. P. nicotianae var parasitica was found to be associated with buckeye rot of tomato from all the locations in HP. PDA supported the best mycelia growth and sporangial formation of the pathogen. Out of 43 bacterial and fungal isolates from organic inputs and phyllosphere, one isolate KLCuBз was most effective in the management of buckeye rot even if the fruits were injured before or after treatment. Complete inhibition of the pathogen growth was observed under in vitro conditions when organic inputs, crude extract of Eupatorium adenophorum, aqueous extract of marigold, urine of desi cow, pine oil panchgavya formulation, was found superior and economical in the inhibition of the pathogen and disease management. Eupatorium, pine oil, panchgavya and DMA8 completely checked the disease whereas except sumona and T.Viride, no commercial product completely managed the disease. As the fruit stage progressed, the susceptibility against the disease decreased. Three lines namely Ptom, BT18 and Palam Pride showed some level of resistance. No disease developed when soil was either sterilized or drenched with panchagavya, neemastra, jeevamrit, amripani, ghaniri extract and akshwan. BTH enhanced resistance and delayed the appearance of the disease. Trichoderma koningii (DMA8) resulted in highest percent inhibition. Six sprays of Eupatorium crude extract @ 0.2% at weekly intervals were found to be most effective in the management of buckeye rot followed by Trichoderma (DMA˗8) and Ridomil 0.25%. Plastic mulch +soil treatment with DMA˗8 proved more effective to manage the disease. Integration of seedling dip with pine oil with plastic mulch was not suitable as it reduced the plant population and increased the disease level. ___________________________________________________________


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Vegetable Science and Floriculture 1. Title of Thesis : Studies on hybrid performance, heterosis and combing

ability under organic and inorganic farming systems in tomato (Solamum lycopersicum L.)

Name of the Student : Nisha Thakur (A-2010-40-11) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. Sanjay Chadha

Salient findings

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation in commercial growing pockets of Himachal Pradesh is severly affected due to bacterial wilt disease (caused by Ralstonia solanacearum). Being safe and better in quality, the demand for organic tomatoes is increasing day by day, for which high yielding organic input responsive varieties/ hybrids with more pest tolerance/ resistance are required. Keeping these points in view, the present investigation was undertaken to estimate the extent of per se performance and heterosis, to work out the nature and magnitude of gene action and to identify potential parental lines and cross combinations on the basis of combining ability under organic and inorganic farming systems. Eight diverse genotypes viz. CLN 2070, CLN 2123 A-1 (red), Hawaii 7998, Palam Pride, 12-1, BWR-5, Arka Abha and Arka Meghali and their 28 cross combinations developed in half diallel mating design were evaluated alongwith standard check Avtar (7711) in bacterial wilt sick plots in RBD with three replications under organic and inorganic farming system during summer-rainy seasons of 2012 and 2013. The analysis of variances indicated significant differences among genotypes (G) for marketable yield and other component traits in all the environments. Also significant differences for environment (E) and G x E interaction for most of the traits indicated a definite role of environment on the performance of genotypes/ crosses. Most of the hybrids and parents showed 100 per cent plant survival. Variances due to GCA, SCA and their interaction with environment were significant for most of the traits under organic and inorganic farming conditions, indicating the importance of testing parents as well as hybrids across environments. On the basis of per se performance, heterosis and combining ability for marketable fruit yield per component traits, the cross combinations viz. 12-1 x BWR-5, Palam Pride x BWR-5, Palam Pride x 12-1 and Hawaii 7998, x 12-1 under organic conditions and 12-1 x BWR-5, CLN 2070 x 12-1, CLN 2070 x Hawaii 7998, Hawaii 7998 x 12-1 and Hawaii 7998 x BWR-5 under inorganic conditions were the most promising and surpassed the standard check (Avtar). These hybrids were also resistant to bacterial wilt and can be further exploited. Overall, 12-1 x BWR-5 and Hawaii 7998 x 12-1 were the most promising cross combinations among the top hybrids under organic and inorganic farming conditions. For most of the traits important from commercial point of view, there was preponderance of non-additive gene action which reaffirms the importance of hybrids in tomato. There was differential response of different genotypes to organic and inorganic farming conditions. This necessitates the separate breeding programme to identify potential genotypes responsive to organic and inorganic conditions.


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2. Title of Thesis : Heterosis and combining ability studies for yield and

horticultural traits in bell pepper (Capsicum annuuum L. var. grossum Sendt.) under protected environment.

Name of the Student : Mayanglambam Bilashini Devi (A-2010-40-9) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. N.K. Pathania

Salient findings

The present investigation entitled “Heterosis and combining ability studies for yield and horticultural traits in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. grossum Sendt.) under protected environment” was carried out in 25 x 10 m modified naturally ventilated polyhouse during summer- autumn, 2012 and 2013 in Randomized Block Design having three replications to ascertain the quantum of genetic variability available in the bell pepper genotypes, gather information regarding the type of gene action and identify potential parental lines and cross combinations for protected environment on the basis of combining ability and magnitude of heterosis for different traits, viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first harvest, number of marketable fruits per plant, pericarp thickness (mm), lobes per fruit, fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), average fruit weight (g), marketable fruit yield per plant (kg), plant height (cm), harvest duration (days), ascorbic acid content (mg/ 100g) and capsicum content (%). High estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for number of marketable fruits per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant, ascorbic acid content and capsaicin content indicating the presence of substantial variability for the traits and thereby ensuring ample scope for improvement of these traits through phenotypic selection. The high estimates of heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance ( as per cent of mean) were observed for marketable fruit yield per plant, number of marketable fruits per plant and ascorbic acid content, which indicated the importance of additive gene action for the inheritance of these traits. On the basis of hybrid vigour, thee cross combinations viz., Kashmiri Sel-1 (L2) x Solan Bharpur (T1) ARCH-19 (L1) x Solan Bharpur (T1) and UHFSP (Y)-11 (L11) x Yolo Wonder (T3) were observed to be potential crosses exhibiting highly significant standard heterosis for marketable fruit yield per plant and most of its component traits. The cross combinations viz. ARCH-19 (L1) x Solan Bharpur (T1), DARL-10 (L9) x California Wonder (T2) and UHFSP (Y)-11 (L11) x Yolo Wonder (T3) were the top three crosses which exhibited good specific combining ability effects, maximum desirable heterosis and per se performance in respect of marketable fruit yield per plant and number of marketable fruits per plant and can be further exploited for genetic improvement of bell pepper. For all the traits studied, there was preponderance of non-additive gene action which reaffirms the importance of hybrids in bell pepper.

Agricultural Economics, Extension Education and Rural Sociology

Title of Thesis : Economic analysis of commercial flower cultivation in

Sirmour district of Himachal Pradesh Name of the Student : Manoj Kumar Sharma (A-2008-40-02)


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Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. Ashok Kumar Salient findings The agriculture sector, the back bone of Indian economy, is facing challenges on increase in productivity and value additions. There is a need for renewed focus on identifying high value low voluminous crops to steeping up growth of allied and non-farm activities. The cultivation of commercial flowers in open and polyhouses fits well into the strategy to boost income and employ farmers gainfully. Flowers, if properly grown can yield 15-20 times more returns than cereals and other crops. Floriculture has been a major thrustarea for diversification of horticulture industry in the state. In recent years, as a result of which the area under floriculture has increased from 30 hectares in 1993-94 to 154 hectares in 2000-01 to 913 hectares in 2012-13. The trade has increased from Rs. 137.11 lakh in 1993-94 to Rs. 99 crore during 2012-13. Nearly 2800 farmers are engaged in the cultivation of flowers. The present study was undertaken in Sirmour district of Himachal Pradesh. The district is well known for the production of commercial flowers as it occupied 62 per cent of total area under flower cultivation of the state. The study is based upon extensive data drawn from a sample of 150 flower growers selected randomly from 3 blocks. Two markets namely Chandigarh and Delhi (Gazipur) were studied. Tabular and statistical methods were used to analyse data. The study revealed that on average farms total area under flower cultivation was 0.20 ha out of which marigold occupied maximum share of 34 per cent. It was found that chrysanthemum use maximum human labour whereas, quantity of FYM, Chemical fertilizers and expenditure on plant protection material was found maximum in case of carnation. Tractor hours and bullocks pair days were found to be maximum in chrysanthemum and marigold respectively. The gross returns and net returns were found to be maximum in carnation followed by gladiolus, chrysanthemum and marigold. Maximum technological gap for FYM and chemical fertilizer was found in chrysanthemum, whereas, overuse of labour was found in gladiolus. The study revealed that marketed surplus varied from 99 to 97 per cent , whereas, marketed surplus varied from 96 to 97 per cent. The study revealed that six marketing channels were followed by the farmers in the study area. The direct retailing to consumers was found to be the most efficient channel that needs to be popularized by setting fartmers’ markets. The nerlovian price expectation model revealed that there was a significant effect of the lagged area on the acreage under selected flower crops expected for chrysanthemum. However, for gladiolus and chrysanthemum lagged price also affect the acrage under selected flower crops significantly. The result revealed that the farmers were slow in adjusting the acreage with price which varies from 55 years of carnation, 17 years for marigold, 8 years for gladiolus and 2 years for chrysanthemum. No significant difference was observed between problems of small and large farmers indicate that both faced these problems in same severity.

II. COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE Food Science Nutrition and Technology 1. Title of Thesis : Nutritional quality, functional properties and value

addition of rice bean (Vigna umbellate)


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Name of the Student : Shilpa Sharma (H-2010-40-01) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. Y.S. Dhaliwal Salient findings

The study was undertaken with the objectives to standardize/ / develop set methods for preparation of rice bean (Vigna umbellate) based value added products and to ascertain physic-chemical, nutritional characteristics and functional properties of prepared value added products. The rice bean has high protein, fibre, ascorbic acid and minerals contents as compared to the bases used for preparation of different value added products viz. Ladoo, Boondi, Bhujia, Halwa,, Sepu wadi, Papad and Cake from the blends contained different proportions of rice bean flours have been standardized. The storage stability of different rice bean based value added products was also assessed in relation to functional properties, nutritional quality and consumer’s acceptability. The rice bean based speciality food products prepared in the present study have better functional properties, improved nutritional profile and acceptable storage stability in relation to overall acceptability of the products. Storage studies revealed that boondi, bhugia and papad can be stored safely for six months, ladoo for three months, cake for 15 days and halwa for one week at ambient temperature without much change in chemical and sensory characteristics. The standardized/ developed rice bean based formulations has great potential for developed formulation can be popularized for preparation of products with added advantages and meaningful utilization of rice bean in specially products at cottage industry.

III. COLLEGE OF BASIC SCIENCES Microbiology 1. Title of Thesis : Diversity analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

population from North-Western Himalayan region using molecular markers

Name of the Student : Kesani (S-2010-40-02) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. S.S. Kanwar Salient findings Internal transcribed spacer region was used to discriminate eighteen Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from North-Western Himalayas and to compare them with other known lineages available in the literature. The phylogenetic tree obtained after analysis, grouped these strains into two clusters, first comprising of Malaysian, North American, Sake, West African and Wine/European strains and second comprising of all the Indian strains along with certain other strains from different countries. In both the clusters, region based grouping was observed to some extent. For functional diversity, exposition of baking and brewing abilities of these strains were studied. Four strains viz. Sc06, Sc11, Sc19 and Sc20


48

were found promising for baking and three strains viz. Sc04, Sc05 and Sc24 were found promising for brewing, thereby indicating the existence of functional diversity. Out of 18 S, cerevisiae strains, only one strain Sc02 was found positive for killer toxin production. At genetic level, phylogenetic tree obtained from mining of ADH1 gene of ten randomly selected yeast strains, showed a very little variations in the gene sequence irrespective of their alcohol production ability, and most of them clustered together according to their geographical origin. However, mining of ATF1 gene showed a lot more variation in the gene sequences without depicting any region based clustering behaviour. Thus ATF1 gene seems to be an appropriate tool to reveal differences among these indigenous S. cerevisiae strains. Organoleptic studies of six native yeast strains suggested Sc21 as the potential candidate for soft cider whereas, Sc01 for hard cider. A wide variation was observed in bio-emulsifier production; the maximum emulsification activity was recorded in Sc10(64.82%) yeast strain. 2. Title of Thesis : Microbiological Studies on cow horn manure-a

biodynamic preparation used in organic farming Name of the Student : Natasha (S-2009-40-02) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. S.S. Kanwar Salient findings Biodynamic framing is a method of organic farming system which is gaining momentum all over the world due to increased public awareness about health and environment. Among the nine biodynamic preparations, cow horn manure or BD-500 preparation is most popular with regards to enhancing crop producitivty. Cow horn manure is prepared from cow dung fermented in cow horn buried in pit for six months during winter season. In the present study cow horn manure was explored for its microbial diversity and antagonistic potential against selected plant pathogens. The population of aerobic bacteria decreased, whereas, anaerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and yeasts increased upon the maturation of cow horn manure. A total of 47 aerobic and 22 anaerobic gram positive, motile, endospore forming, rod shaped bacteria from cow horb manure were isolated and tested for their antagonistic as well as plant growth promoting potential. Among 47 aerobic bacterial isolates, 13 showed antagonistic activity against all the selected phytopathogens, however, only 8 isolates had shown antagonistic activity in their cell-free supernatants. These 8 potential isolates were characterized on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified as Bacillus subtilise, B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. mojavensis, B. tequilensis, B. axarguensis, B. amyloliquefaciens and B. methylotrophicus. These bacterial isolates were found positive for various plant growth promoting attributes viz., nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation, IAA production, siderophores production, zinc solubilisation and ammonia production. Four out of 22 anaerobic bacterial isolates showed antagonistic activity against all the selected phytopathogens in their cell-free supernatants. These bacterial isolates against all the selected phytopathogens in their cell-free supernatants. These bacterial isolates were characterized as B. subtilise, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These anaerobic bacteria belonging to different species of Bacillus exhibited high phosphate solubilisation, zinc solubilisation and nitrogen fixation under anaerobic conditions. This is the first study where anaerobic Bacillus exhibiting plant growth promoting potential under anaerobic conditions has been reported from cow horn manure. The biocontrol and plant growth promoting activity of cow horn manure seem to be the


49

cumulative effect of aerobic and anaerobic microbial population that developed during the maturation of cow horn manure. 3.Title of Thesis : Bacterial diversity of salt tolerant nitrogen fixers around

the salt mines of Himachal Pradesh Name of the Student : Ritika Kapoor(S-2010-40-03) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. S.S. Kanwar Salient findings Fifty two salt tolerant bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of four selected plants viz., Lantana camara, Murraya koenigii, Taraxacum officinale and Cynadon dactylon abundantly growing around the salt mines of Himachal Pradesh, India. Forty six bacteria showed nitrogenise activity in presence of 5 per cent NaCl,. Out of which, seven efficient nitrogen fixing bacteria i.e. SNC9, SNC10, SNT5, SNL18, SNK19, SNC28 and SNM6, exhibited nitrogenise activity of 1292.96, 694.21, 1217.41, 484.67, 842.61, 912.72 and 387.41, nmole C-2H4h-1 protein, respectively, however, reference strain Azospitillum brasilense could not grow at this salt concentration. These isolates were identified on the basis of morphology, biochemical and 16S rRNA typing techniques and were found as Enterobacter ludwigii (SNC9), Enterobacter cloacae (SNC10, SNT5), Bacillus aquimaris (SNL18, SNL19) and Bacillus vietnamensis (SNM6, SNC28). Various other plant growth promoting traits of these bacteria viz., phosphate solubilisation, siderophores production, indole acetic acid production and proteolytic activity were studied under salt stress (5% NaCl) conditions. The antagonistic activity of SNC9, SNC10, SNT5, SNL18, SNL19, SNC28 against Alternaria solani (21-89%) was also observed. The allele mining of nhaA gene (Na+/H+ antiporter), conferring the salt tolerance behaviour on many prokaryotes, was carried out and the gene sequences were compared among them and also with lineages of China and USA. The phylogenetic tree obtained from the mining of nhaA gene showed variation in the protein coding region of these bacteria. Effect of inoculation of salt tolerant E. ludwigii (SNC9) and non salt tolerant A. brasilense (MTCC 125) on the growth and quality of tall fescue was also studied at different concentration of salt and diesel oil (0 to 5%). E. ludwigii (SNC9) was found much more effective in increasing the growth and quality of tall fescue as compared to reference strain. It was also observed that the growth of tall fescue reduced significantly under stress conditions whereas, inoculation with this bacterium resulted in significant augmentation in growth and quality of this grass. 4.Title of Thesis : Microbiological diversity of aerobic culturable

thermophiles in the hot spring of Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh

Name of the Student : Sunita Devi (S-2010-40-04) Name of the Major Advisor : Dr. S.S. Kanwar Salient findings For deciphering aerobic culturable diversity of thermophiles from Manikaran hot spring, three different types of sample viz. water, soil (sediment) and biomat were collected from


50

upper Manikaran, lower Manikaran and Shangna. A total of 108 bacterial isolates were obtained and majority of them were facultative (58.33%) followed by thermotolerant (21.30%) and obligate thermophiles (20.37%). A significantly higher bacterial load was observed in biomat (5.44 log CFU/ml) as compared to sediment (4.84 log CFU/ml) and water (4.13 log CFU/mL) samples. No fungal isolate was obtained by using different techniques and a strong antifungal activity was observed in the water of Manikaran hot spring different techniques and a strong antifungal activity was observed in the water of Manikaran hot spring which is probably mediated through some volatile antifungal compounds.Screening of all the isolates for extracellular enzymes production revealed that lipase, cellulose, protease and amylase producing isolates were 84.26, 74.07, 43.52 and 42.59 per cent, respectively. Non of the isolates was found positive for pectinolytic activity. Most of the isolates were multienzyme producers. Only seven efficient protease producers viz. S6, W15, B48, EpW3, BB4, EpSA1 and EpWB1, were examined quantitatively for protease production. Out of these, five isolates were found to exhibit optimum protease activity at 45oC while, two isolates at 55oC. Out of seven, five isolates were found to exhibit optimum protease activity at pH 7.0 while, one at pH 8.0 and one at 6.0. Analyses of thermostability profiles of crude proteases of W15 and EpSA1 showed that their Analyses of thermostability profiles of crude proteases of W15 and EpSA1 showed that their half lives at 60 and 65oC were 30 and 15 min, respectively. Whereas, the half lives of B48, EpW3 and BB4 at 55 and 60oC were 30 and 15 min, respectively. Half lives of crude protease of S6 at 70 and 75oC were 30 and 15 min, respectively while, the half lives of crude protease of EpWB1 at 70, 90 and 100oC were 60, 30 and 15 min, respectively. Thus, crude protease of EpWB1 was found the most stable among these isolates. SDS-PAGE analysis of extracellular crude protease of EpWB1 revealed that it is made up of three polypeptide chains having different molecular weights i.e. 20.0, 40.0 and 250 kDa. The isolate EpWB1 was identified as Thermoactinomyces vulgaris on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Item No. 6: New items put forth by the Hon’ble members of Research Council 6.1: Researchable Issues Put forth by Dr. J.C. Rana, Director of Agriculture, Govt. of

Himachal Pradesh Issue No.1: Modification of design of polyhouses for Zone-1 Response: The main problem in Zone-1 of Himachal Pradesh is very high atmospheric

temperature during summer months. The naturally fabricated polyhouse in the region lie idle during the summer months due to enormous high temperature inside the polyhouse. A fan & pad cooling system polyhouse of 250m2 has been designed and fabricated at HAREC, Dhaulakuan under RKVY-ll project. The polyhouse is under testing and its results would be analyzed during next 1-2 years.

Issue No.2: Management of white fly mite and nematodes in polyhouses Response: a) Management of whitefly and mites in polyhouses:

1. For mass trapping the adult of white fly, use yellow sticky traps @ 1 trap/ 10 sq m.

2. Foliar application of buprofezin 25EC (0.8 ml/ L water), acetamiprid 20 SP (0.5g/ L water), azadirachtin (neem) (0.0025%) @ (1-3 ml/L depending upon the azadiractin content in the formulation, triazophos 40EC (1ml/ L water), λ-


51

cyhalothrin 5EC (0.8 ml/ L water), (1ml/ L water) proves effective in suppressing the pest.

3. For the management of mites, spray the crop with dicofol 18.5EC @2ml/l OR fenazaquin 10EC @ 1ml/l OR propargite 57EC @1ml/l. Repeat the spray after 8 to 10 days.

b) Management of nematodes in polyhouses in Himachal Pradesh (on the basis of research conducted in the university)

Precautions: a) Always raise the nursery in plug trays b) After the crop is over ,collect and burn the roots

Management: a) If the nematode infestation is high, apply carbofuran @ 1g/pit/plant at the

time of transplanting OR apply Neem cake @ 40 g/pit/plant about two weeks before transplantation. After the application of Neem, maintain moist conditions in the pits till the transplantation.

b) In several infested polyhouses, soil should be sterilized with either Metham sodium @ 40ml/m2 OR Dazomet @ 40g/m2. Sterilization should be started atleast 25 days before the transplantation. Preliminary observations have shown that both of these chemicals are also effective for the control of bacterial wilt and other diseases.

Issue No.3: Recommendations of crops and varieties of vegetable including exotic vegetables for cultivation in Lahaul

Response: Recommended winter season vegetable crops (varieties) which can be

commercially grown in Lahaul Valley: Garden Pea (Azad P-I, Azad P-3 and Punjab-89) ; Cauliflower(hybrids); Cabbage

(hybrids): Broccoli (Palam Samridhi, Palam Kanchan,Palam Vichitra and hybrids) ; Carrot (Early Nantes, Chanteney, Pusa Yamdagini, Solan Rachna and hybrids); Red Cabbage (hybrids); Lettuce(hybrids)

Recommended summer season vegetable crops (varieties) which can be

commercially grown in Lahaul Valley for local consumption: French bean(Palam Mridula, Contender and Falguni); Summer Squash (Australian

Green and Pusa Alankar) and Tomato (Him Pragati) Issue No.4: Alternate recommendation for the control of snails other than metaldehyde which is

not available easily Response: No alternate recommendation has been given by the university so far. Issue No.5: Recommendation for soil sterilization under protected cultivation Response: Soil solarization during May-June in low hills by covering the soil with transparent

polythene sheet/mulch for about 30-45 days as per the following procedures: (a) Cultivate the land and apply irrigation up to field capacity and then cover the soil

tightly with transparent polythene sheet/ mulch to avoid exchange of air.


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(b) Thereafter, apply bioagents like Trichoderma harzianum/ Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas florescence alongwith well rotten FYM/ vermicompost.

Precaution: Avoid the entry of soil borne pathogens in the polyhouse through the use of healthy and disease free seed / seedlings and source of irrigation water.

Issue No.6: Problem of flower drop and fruit setting in tomato and cucumber under protected

cultivation Response: Reason-1: Calcium deficiency Control : Spray Calcium chloride @5g / liter of water. Reason-2: High temperature(>350C) Control: Install shading net during summers (April to Sept.) Reason-3: Lack of fertigation Control: Apply liquid fertilizer after three weeks of transplanting Reason-4: Stress conditions Control: Apply irrigation through drip irrigation system at appropriate stage. Lower fruits may be harvested in time in cucumber Issue No.7: Recommendation regarding neem coated Urea as it has been made compulsory by the

Govt. of India. Response: The agronomic efficiency of neem coated urea on wheat- rice system has been

studied by laying 40 demonstrations 20 each for wheat and rice at farmers’s field in different agroclimatic conditions covering five districts namely Bilaspur, Una, Sirmour, Kangra and Kullu. The demonstrations with four treatments viz. 100% neem coated urea,100% urea, 80 % neem coated urea and 80% urea were laid in ½ half acre area for each demonstration by following recommended package of practices for wheat and rice. On the basis of pooled data of wheat 2003-04 and 2004-05, it was concluded that neem coated urea produced 7.6 % more grain yield and 7.2 % more straw yield over 100 % urea and respective increase of 8.3 % and 7.5 % with 80 % neem coated over 80 % urea. 100 % neem coated urea produced 9.2 % and 6.8 % more grain and straw yield of rice Higher buildup in available N, P and K status after the harvest of wheat and rice crop with the application of 100 % neem coated urea than 100% urea application thereby indicating improvement in soil health.

6.2: Researchable Issues Put forth by Dr. Shekhar Massey, Director of Animal

Husbandry, Govt. of Himachal Pradesh Issue: Research should be done to improve the existing semen cryo-preservation

protocol being followed at present so as to improve the post thaw motility of spermatozoa specially so in buffalo bull spermatozoa

Response: Attempts can be made to enhance post thaw fertility of cryopreserved semen using certain semen extender additives, however a Central Monitoring Unit (CMU), Govt. of India regulates the Minimum Standard Protocols (MSP) and Standard Operative Procedures (SOP) of cryopreservation of semen and any incorporation / suggestion has to be approved from the Central Monitoring Unit.


53

6.3: Researchable Issues Put forth by Dr. Gurcharan Singh, Director-cum-Wardedn of Fisheries, Himachal Pradesh

Issue No.1: Schizothorax species is a dominant fish in riverine catches of hill streams. Construction of

various hydro electric projects has adversely affected fish populations in rivers of the state, thereby affecting the livelihood of folk dependent on fishing. Some packages of practise need to be developed for captive rearing of schizothorax for raising its brooders and its artificial breeding technology so that its stock is restored in state rivers.

Issue No.2: There are number of ornamental fish species in the rivers but no survey has so far been undertaken for their identification. There is a need to identify ornamental fish species available in state rivers and to evolve their breeding technology.

Issue No.3: Intervention of R&D institutions is required to evolve some suitable formulation for cheap pelletized trout fish feed with locally available ingredients without compromising with the quality, since it will directly affect the FCR.

Issue No.4: Due to low clay contents in the soil, water retention is a serious problem in fish ponds. Some remedy is required to solve this problem.

Response: The researchable issues from 1 to 4 are very pertinent for the fish farmers of the State. However, due to non-availability of technical faculty in the Department of Fisheries, Dr. G.C. Negi COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur, presently it would not be feasible to take any of these issues in the department.

6.4: Researchable Issues Put forth by the Dean, Dr. G.C. Negi COVAS, CSKHPKV,

Palampur. Issue : Detection of Brucellosis (which causes severe production loss for livestock

farmers and is also highly zoonotic) in livestock, particularly in milch/ dairy animals under KVK area of the State.

Response: In a study conducted by the Department of Vety. Public Health and

Epidemiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur, the seroprevalence of brucellosis among animals and occupationally exposed human beings in Himachal Pradesh was investigated. A total of 375 serum samples comprising, 210 animals and 165 human beings from various regions of the state were analysed through a battery of serological tests (RBPT, STAT, 2-MET, Dot- ELISA and indirect-ELISA). The animal samples constituted of cattle and sheep and goat. The human samples were collected from veterinarians, shepherds, livestock owners , workers at veterinary hospitals /clinics and abattoir workers .The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 10.66 percent among animals and human beings in the state. The seroprevalence in animals was detected to be 13.08 percent in total, with 11.8 percent in cattle and 16 percent in sheep & goat, individually. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis among occupationally exposed human beings was observed to be 6.66% showing highest percentage in abattoir workers (18.75%) followed by para-veterinary staff (8.33%), veterinarians (7.14%), livestock owners (5.71%) and shepherds (5.00%). Keeping in view the scenario and prevent the economic loss to the livestock farmer and public health concern, this department wants to screen the milch animals of the livestock farmers of the state through a collaboration with the KVKs. Educating the livestock farmers about this disease in both animals and human


54

beings is also required which can be done by organizing camps in different KVKs."

6.5: Researchable Issues Put forth by Capt. Janmej Singh, Hon’ble Member from

Non-Tribal Area Issue No.1: Hybrid seed production in the state

Most of the seed of hybrid crop varieties is being procured from the other states resulted in higher cost of the seed. Therefore, efforts should be made to produce hybrid crop seed in the state so that farmers can get the same seed with low cost.

Response: University has developed/introduced three hybrids of maize namely HQPM-1, Palampur Sankar Makka-1 (EHL-162508) and Palam Sankar Makka-2 (EHL-161708). Out of these,HQPM-1 has been released and proposal of other two hybrids has been submitted to the CVRC for notification. So, seed production of these two hybrids will be taken up after the notification of these hybrids. However, limited quantity of seed of HQPM-1 is being produced every year by the University. Efforts are underway for licensing the parents of hybrids with the private sector for commercial hybrid seed production.

Issue No.2: Improvement of yield potential of nutritive traditional landraces/varieties

Efforts should be made to improve yield potential of extinction traditional landraces/varieties of different crops like wheat, maize, paddy etc rich in mineral nutrients.

Response: University has developed and released one variety of red rice namely, Palam Lal Dhan-1 which is rich in iron and Zn besides its high yield. Efforts are being made to introgress genes from red rice and other aromatic rice landraces ( Kali Zini and Achoo) into the high yielding cultivars and vice-versa.

In maize, land races from Chamba and Kullu areas of H.P. are used in breeding programme to introgress important traits like taste into elite cultivars and vice-versa.

Winter wheat land races prevalent in higher altitude areas of Himachal Pradesh possess very good chapatti making quality though having low yield potential. Efforts are underway by utilizing various breeding techniques to improve the yield potential of these land races.

Issue No.3: Check/control of the quality of different products (seed, pesticides, animal

feed etc) being supplied by different companies/firms

Companies/firms make too much efforts to get their products (seed, pesticides, animal feed etc) approved from the Government. Initially, a good quality product is supplied by the companies but after some times its quality gets


55

deteriorated and there is no mechanism to check it. Therefore, there should be some mechanism to check/control its quality.

Response: The quality of open pollinated seed and hybrid seeds is checked by carrying out grow out test under the foiled conditions and DNA fingerprinting of seeds in Laboratory. DNA fingerprinting profile (Using polymorphic SSR markers) of hybrid seeds and their parental lines provided by the seed companies is maintained as reference library. The DNA fingerprinting profile of seed sample from different areas can be compared with the reference DNA fingerprinting library for ascertaining genetic purity. Assessment of genetic purity by DNA fingerprinting leads to stringent quality control.

The Department of Agriculture, Govt. of Himachal Pradesh should develop a mechanism to check the quality of pesticides. For this purpose the department of Agriculture may constitute a committee comprising officials from the department of Agriculture , CSKHPKV, Palampur as well as Dr. Y.S.Parmar, UHF, Nauni, Solan for random and periodical collection of pesticide samples. The committee should seal these samples and send for testing their bioefficacy and presence of active ingredients. The active ingredients should be got tested in some accredited lab approved for this purpose.

The University test the brands/ molecules of the fungicides for which chemicals (fungicides) samples are provided by the concerned companies. The University does not have any authority to draw the chemical samples from market. The quality control agency (Deptt. of Agriculture, Govt. of H.P.) can only draw the samples for their quality analysis. The University does not have any chemical quality laboratory. However, bioassay of fungicidal efficiency can be done by the University provided funds are made available for this purpose.

The quality standards for feed ingredients have been given by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) whereas, the BIS standard for animal feed is not applicable in the state of Himachal Pradesh legally as the same has not been ratified and approved by the state assembly as such, no animal feed standards as per BIS exist in the state of H.P. Further, the department of Animal Nutrition, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur has submitted a project proposal under National Livestock Mission to State Department of Animal Husbandry for funding to establish state of the art Modern Feed laboratory as a referral accredited laboratory for quality analysis of animal feed and feed ingredients.

Issue No.4: Efforts to be made to improve health and productivity of soil

Soil health is deteriorating day-by-day due to excess application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Hence, an effort should be made to improve health and productivity of the soil.

Response: Efforts are being made to improve the soil health. The Department of Soil Science, COA, CSKHPKV, Palampur has prepared the digitized block level soil fertility map and uploaded on the University website. Through soil fertility map, the information about the status of the major as well as secondary and micronutrients is available and the optimum quantity of the nutrients to be added can be worked out.The efforts are also being made about the balanced use of fertilizers under three AICRP projects namely

Issue No. 5: How much quantity of urea should be present in one litre of milk

(cows/buffaloes)? Presently, how much quantity of urea is existing in one


56

litre of milk? Is there any adverse effect of excess quantity of urea present in the milk?

Response: Urea is a natural constituent of milk and it forms a major part of the non-protein nitrogen of milk. Urea concentration in milk is variable within herd. Also urea content is affected by various factors including age, breed, species, yield, lactation period, feeding, management, health of animal etc. However, urea content of balanced feed and managed animal’s milk is generally in the range of 200-300 mg/litre.

Urea content in natural milk varies from 200 mg/litre to 700 mg/litre as per the available literature and as per most of standards including FSSAI. Above 700 mg/litre is presently consider as adulteration of urea in milk. However, 700 mg/litre is very higher side. As per available literature and reports that adulterated milk with urea or high urea content in milk, will cause very serious health related problems such as kidney damage, indigestion, and cancer etc.

Issue No.6: Research to be done to develop/identify chemical/medicine for the control

of allergy being occurred due to neela/white phulanu, congress grass etc.

Infestation of different weeds like neela/white phulanu, congress grass etc is spreading very fastly. When these weeds come in contact of human body creates allergy. Therefore, research should be done to develop/identify chemical for the control of allergy.

Response: Though this issue directly relates to Medical/Ayurvedic sciences. However, the incidence of allergy caused due to above weeds can be reduced if the following precautions are followed:

1. Wear gloves in hands & mask for covering nose & mouth while uprooting the weeds and also no part of the body should be kept nacked.

2. Uproot these weeds during morning hours only & before flowering of weeds. 3. As far as possible use appropriate herbicides as per recommendations to

reduce the incidence of these weeds.


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ANNEXURE-I

DETAIL OF RESEARCH PROJECTS SANCTIONED SINCE AUGUST 3, 2014

S. No.

Project Title Principal Investigator

Budget (lakhs)

Funding Agency Duration

College of Agriculture Crop Improvement 1. Molecular markers assisted

pyramiding of bean anthracnose resistance genes in Indian common bean (Phaseolus vgulgaris L.)

Dr.(Mrs.) Anju Pathania, Scientist, Dept. of Crop Improvement

22.79 Dept. of Science & Technology,. Technology Bhavan, New Delhi

Ist August, 2014 to 31 July, 2017

Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management 2. Bio-efficacy data generation for

product Glyphosate 71% SG (Ammonium Salt) on the crop Tea and Non-Cropped area

Head, Agronomy, CSKHPKV, Palampur

1.60 Coromandel International Ltd. Secunderabad

January, 2015

Plant Pathology 1. Deciphering diversity at er loci

for diversification of powdery mildew resistance in pea

Dr.D.K. Banyal, Professor cum PI, Dept. of Plant Pathology

31.69 Science & Engineering Research Board, New Delhi

November, 2014(Three year)

2. Eco-Friendly Management of Sudden Wilt of Bottle ground

Dr.Suman Kumar, Asstt. Scientist

4.98 Directorate of Agriculture, Govt. of H.P.

December, 2014

Entomology 1. Technological Interventions for

Protected Cultivation of Vegetable Crops in Himachal Pradesh

Dr.P.K. Mehta, Professor, Entomology

84.30 Directorate of Agriculture (RKVY)

October 2014 to September 2015

2. Evaluation propargite 42% + Hexythiazox 2% EC against mites on tea in Himachal Pradesh

Dr.Duni Chand Sharma, Principal Scientist & Head

7.07 M/S Indofil Industeies Ltd. Anedheri-Kurla Road, Andehri (East) Mumbai-400 059

September, 2014

3. Consortium Research Platform on Borers in Network Mode, during XII Plan

Dr.D.C.Sharma, Prof. & Head and Principal Investigator

22.00 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru-560089

November, 2014 (Three year)

4. To evaluate Bioefficacy and Phytotoxicity of BCS AR83685 SC 400 against root knot nematode (Meloidogyne sp.) in CUCUMBER

Dr.Y.S. Chandel, Principal Scientist cum PI, Entomology

4.05 M/S Bayer Crop Science Limited, Ludhiana (Pb.)

February, 2015 (Two years)

Agricultural Economics, Extension Education & Rural Sociology 1. A base line survey of Lift

Irrigation Scheme of Una upper Dr,J,S. Guleria, Professor

6.13 Executive Enguineer (IPH)

October, 2014


58

S. No.


Budget (lakhs)


beat area in Una District, Himachal Pradesh

Division, Una (HP)

Agricultural Biotechnology 1. High resolution linkage map

and draft genome sequencing in horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)

Dr.Rakesh K. Chahota, Associte Professor, Agril. Biotechnology

5.26 Dept. of Science & Technology, International division

August 2014 to July, 2016 (Two years)

2. Development of semi-dwarf blast and bacterial blight resistant version of Ranbir Basmati by marker assisted backcross breeding

Dr.Rajeev Rathour, Sr. Scientist

22.78 GOI,Ministry of Science & Technology, DBT, New Delhi

May 2015 to April 2017

3. Molecular genetic analysis of resistance/ tolerance to different stresses in rice, wheat, chickpea and mustard including sheath blight complex genomics

Dr.Rajeev Rathour, Sr. Scientist

12.35 Director, CRRI & Coordinator, IRA (CRRI) Cuttack, Odisha

June 2015 to June 2017

College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Vety. Surgery & Radiology 1. Strengthening Veterinary

Clinical delivery services through capacity building and continual professional development of Veterinarian’s and Paraprofessionals and consolidating the transfer of adaptive technology to Field Veterinary Hospitals

Dr.Adrash Kumar, Assoc. Professor

102.92 Department of Animal Husbandry, Shimla (RKVY)


Vety. Gynaecology and Obstetrics 1. Management of bovine

infertility through improved scientific interventions

Dr.Madhumeet Singh, Head Dept. of Vety. Gynacology



2. Therapeutic efficacy of Olone-CEF against certain infections in cows

Dr.Pankaj Sood, Professor

0.40 M/S Rodee Pharmaceuticals, Pvt. Ltd. C-36, patel Nagar II, Merrut Ghaziabad (UP)

May 2015 (Six months)

Vety. Microbiology Strengthening of Animal

Disease Investigation Laboratory-II

Dr.Mandeep Sharma, Head, Vety. Microbiology



College of Basic Sciences Microbiology 1. Distribution of liquid

biofertilizer in Kangra district for cash crops under protected cultivation and development of recommendations based on field experience

Dr.S.S.Kanwar, Prof. & Head

25.00 Department of Agriculture, Shimla (RKVY)


2. Bio-prospecting of lactic cultures from cold desert regions to develop functional fermented milk products with potential health benefits

Dr.S.S.Kanwar, Prof. & Head

17.87 National Collection of Dairy Cultures, Dairy Microbiology Division, National

June 2015 to May 2018


59

S. No.


Budget (lakhs)


Dairy Res. Institute, Karnal

Biology & Environmental Sciences 1. Characterization and

Consolidation of Hippophae Genetic Reources and Propagation of Elite Genotypes for Varietal Evaluation

Prof. Virendra Singh

17.61 Dept. of Science & Biotechnology, New Delhi

Sept. 2014 to Aug. 2017 (Three years)

Research Centres/Stations HAREC, Bajaura 1. Female Participation

Commercial Agricutulture: A Comparative Study of Tribal and Non-Tribal Areas of Himachal Pradesh

Dr.Brij Bala, Sr. Scientist (Ag. Econ.)

8.00 ICSSR, New Delhi April 2015 to March 2017

HAREC, Dhaulakuan 1. Consortium Research Platform

on Agro-biodiversity (CRO-AB) on Characterization and evaluation of chickpea germplasm against Ascochyta blight and cold tolerance

Dr.Ashwani Kumar Basandrai, Principal Scientist (Plant Pathology)

1.00 Division of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, NewDelhi

May 2015 to March 2017

Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan Management Strategies for

Yellow Rust of Wheat in Himachal Pradesh

Dr.S.K.Rana. Principal Scientist

35,00 Department of Animal Agriculture, Shimla (RKVY)


15th MEETING OF THE RESEARCH COUNCIL (August 3, 2015 )hillagric.ac.in/research/dr/res_workshops/meetings/29.03.2016-Agenda... · MEETING OF THE RESEARCH COUNCIL (August 3, 2015 )

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