15800 DWDM System Description

Corporate HeadquartersCisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman DriveSan Jose, CA 95134-1706 USAhttp://www.cisco.comTel: 408 526-4000

800 553-NETS (6387)Fax: 408 526-4100

Cisco ONS 15800 DWDMSystem Description ManualHardware Release 1.6

April 2002

Text Part Number: 78-13151-02

http://www.cisco.com

THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.

THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.

Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems, Inc. could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product.

The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California.

NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

AccessPath, AtmDirector, Browse with Me, CCDA, CCDE, CCDP, CCIE, CCNA, CCNP, CCSI, CD-PAC, CiscoLink, the Cisco NetWorks logo, the Cisco Powered Network logo, Cisco Systems Networking Academy, the Cisco Systems Networking Academy logo, Fast Step, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, FrameShare, GigaStack, IGX, Internet Quotient, IP/VC, iQ Breakthrough, iQ Expertise, iQ FastTrack, the iQ Logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, MGX, the Networkers logo, Packet, RateMUX, ScriptBuilder, ScriptShare, SlideCast, SMARTnet, TransPath, Unity, Voice LAN, Wavelength Router, and WebViewer are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, Discover All That’s Possible, and Empowering the Internet Generation, are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Aironet, ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, the Cisco IOS logo, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherSwitch, FastHub, FastSwitch, IOS, IP/TV, LightStream, MICA, Network Registrar, PIX, Post-Routing, Pre-Routing, Registrar, StrataView Plus, Stratm, SwitchProbe, TeleRouter, and VCO are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries.

All other brands, names, or trademarks mentioned in this document or Web site are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0104R)

Cisco ONS 15800 DWDM System Description ManualCopyright © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc.All rights reserved.

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C O N T E N T S

Preface xi

Safety Summary xi

General Safety Precautions xi

Electrical Safety Precautions xi

Optical Safety Precautions xii

Laser Safety Features xiii

ESD Precautions xiv

Safety Symbols and Labels xiv

Area Warning Sign xiv

Electrical Safety Labels xv

Front and Back Door Safety Labels xv

Subrack Safety Labels xvi

Module Safety Labels xvii

Conventions xviii

Documentation InfoSet Structure xix

Obtaining Documentation xx

World Wide Web xx

Ordering Documentation xx

Documentation Feedback xx

Obtaining Technical Assistance xxi

Cisco.com xxi

Technical Assistance Center xxi

Contacting TAC by Telephone xxii

Contacting TAC Using the Cisco TAC Website xxii

C H A P T E R 1 Introduction 1-1

Purpose of This Publication 1-1

Manual Structure 1-1

Structure of this Manual 1-1

References 1-2

C H A P T E R 2 System Technology 2-1

Optical System Description 2-1

Band-Separation Principle 2-1

Contents

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Channel Allocation 2-2

Out-of-Band Forward Error Correction 2-2

Applications 2-2

Point-to-Point Architecture 2-2

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Architecture 2-4

C H A P T E R 3 System Operation 3-1

2.5-Gbps Operation 3-1

Terminal Site Configuration with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-1

Terminal Site Transmit Direction with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-2

Terminal Site Receive Direction with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-3

Optical Line Amplification Site Configuration with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-3

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-4

Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-5

Full Add/Drop Demultiplexing with 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-5

Regeneration Site Configuration With 2.5-Gbps Operation 3-6

10-Gbps Operation 3-8

Terminal Site Configuration 10-Gbps Operation 3-8

Terminal Site Transmit Direction with 10-Gbps Operation 3-8

Terminal Site Receive Direction With 10-Gbps Operation 3-9

Optical Line Amplification Site Configuration With 10-Gbps Operation 3-10

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site Configuration With 10-Gbps Operation 3-11

Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band With 10-Gbps Operation 3-11

Full Add/Drop Multiplexing With 10-Gbps Operation 3-12

Regeneration Site Configuration 10-Gbps Operation 3-14

C H A P T E R 4 System Engineering 4-1

Modularity and Ancillary Equipment 4-1

Optical Subrack 4-1

Optical Subrack–Multiplexer 4-2

Optical Subrack–Multiplexer 4-3

Optical Subrack–Dispersion Compensating Unit 4-3

Power Distribution Panel 4-4

Physical Layout 4-4

Power and Grounding 4-5

Power Supply 4-5

Grounding 4-5

Safety 4-5

Automatic Laser Shutdown 4-5

Contents

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Labeling 4-6

C H A P T E R 5 Operation, Administration, and Maintenance 5-1

Supervisory Modules 5-1

Control and Monitoring Processor Module 5-1

Subrack Common Functions Module 5-1

Supervision 5-2

Engineering Orderwire 5-2

User-Transparent Channel 5-2

Synchronization 5-2

Performance Management 5-2

B1 Byte Monitoring 5-2

Forward Error Correction 5-3

Housekeeping Alarm Management 5-3

Optical Service Channel 5-3

Amplifier Power Control 5-5

Automatic Frequency Control 5-5

Network Management 5-5

Local Craft Interface 5-5

C H A P T E R 6 Module Descriptions 6-1

Active Modules 6-1

8-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Blue Band Module 6-1

24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Red Band Module 6-1

24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Low Loss–Red Band Module 6-2

Add Drop Amplifier Module 6-2

Blue-band Booster Amplifier Module 6-2

Blue-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps Module 6-2

Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–B1 Monitoring Module 6-3

Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–Forward Error Correction Module 6-3

Receive Transponder–10-Gbps–B1 Monitoring Module 6-3

Receive Transponder–10-Gbps–Forward Error Correction Module 6-3

Red-band Booster Amplifier Module 6-4

Red-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps Module 6-4

Transmit Power Amplifier–Blue Band Module 6-4

Transmit Power Amplifier–Red Band Module 6-5

Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–B1 Monitoring 6-5

Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–Forward Error Correction 6-5

Contents

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Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–B1 Monitoring 6-6

Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–Forward Error Correction 6-6

Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps High Output Power–B1 Monitoring 6-6

Common Modules 6-7

Battery Management Module 6-7

Control and Monitoring Processor Module 6-7

External Orderwire Interface Module 6-7

Input/Output Card Module 6-7

Line Service Modem Module 6-8

Router Bridge Unit Module 6-8

Subrack Common Functions Module 6-8

Passive Modules 6-8

1-Channel Pass-Through Module 6-9

8-Channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue Band Module 6-9

24-Channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red Band Module 6-9

Dispersion Compensating Unit Module 6-10

Optical Service Channel–Pass-Through Module 6-10

Auxiliary Component 6-10

Gain Flattening Filter–Red Band 6-10

C H A P T E R 7 General Specifications 7-1

F I G U R E S

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Figure 1 Cisco ONS 15800/15801 System Startup Warning xiii

Figure 2 Sample Laser-Controlled Area Warning Sign xiv

Figure 3 Electrical Energy Hazard Symbol xv

Figure 4 Attention Symbol xv

Figure 5 Danger Label on Front and Back Doors of Cisco ONS 15800 Subracks xv

Figure 6 Danger Label on Front and Back Doors of Cisco ONS 15801 Subracks xvi

Figure 7 ONS 15800 System Backplane Safety Label xvi

Figure 8 ONS 15801 System Backplane Safety Label xvi

Figure 9 Backplane Aperture Laser Safety Label xvii

Figure 2-1 Transmission Window Bands 2-1

Figure 2-2 Point-to-Point Link 2-2

Figure 2-3 Point-to-Point Architecture 2-4

Figure 2-4 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Architecture 2-5

Figure 2-5 Links Between Terminal and Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Sites 2-5

Figure 3-1 Terminal Site Transmit Direction (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-2

Figure 3-2 Terminal Site Receive Direction (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-3

Figure 3-3 Optical Line Amplification Site (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-4

Figure 3-4 Partial Red-Band Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-5

Figure 3-5 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site With Full Blue-Band Demultiplexing (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-6

Figure 3-6 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site With Full Red-Band Demultiplexing (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-6

Figure 3-7 Regeneration Site (2.5-Gbps Operation) 3-7

Figure 3-8 Terminal Site Transmit Direction (10-Gbps Operation) 3-9

Figure 3-9 Terminal Site Receive Direction (10-Gbps Operation) 3-10

Figure 3-10 Optical Line Amplification Site (10-Gbps Operation) 3-11

Figure 3-11 Partial Red-Band Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (10-Gbps Operation) 3-12

Figure 3-12 Full Blue-Band Demultiplexing (10-Gbps Operation) 3-13

Figure 3-13 Full Red-Band Demultiplexing (10-Gbps Operation) 3-13

Figure 3-14 Regeneration Site (10-Gbps Operation) 3-15

Figure 4-1 OSR-W Subrack Physical Layout 4-2

Figure 4-2 OSR-MUX Subrack Physical Layout 4-2

Figure 4-3 OSR-MUX-Y Subrack Physical Layout 4-3

Figures

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Figure 4-4 OSR-DCU Subrack Physical Layout 4-3

Figure 4-5 Typical Bay and Shelf Layout 4-4

Figure 5-1 Normal Operation in Working/Protect Routes 5-4

Figure 5-2 Self-Healing OSC 5-4

T A B L E S

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Table 7-1 System Parameters 7-1

Table 7-2 System Performance 7-1

Table 7-3 Operating Conditions 7-1

Table 7-4 Supervision 7-2

Tables

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Preface

This section provides the following information:

• Safety Summary—Safety precautions and safety labeling for the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system

• Conventions—Writing conventions used throughout the documentation InfoSet

• Documentation InfoSet Structure—Description of the documents contained in the InfoSet

• Obtaining Documentation—Information on how to obtain product documentation

• Obtaining Technical Assistance—Information on how to obtain technical assistance

Safety SummaryThis section covers safety considerations to ensure safe operation of the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system. Personnel should not perform any procedures in this manual unless they understand all safety precautions, practices, and warnings for the system equipment.

General Safety PrecautionsThe following general safety precautions are not related to any specific procedures and do not appear elsewhere in this publication. These are recommended precautions that personnel must understand and apply during installation, testing, and use of the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system.

• Know and understand electrical safety, wiring, and connection practices.

• Be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation. This information can be obtained from the Red Cross or its local equivalent. This knowledge is imperative for personnel working with or near equipment with voltage levels capable of causing injury or death.

Electrical Safety PrecautionsThe following electrical safety precautions, procedures, and rules are required when working on the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system:

• The Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system must be connected to a power supply that never exceeds voltage limits.

• The Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system power must be supplied by a power supply system with reinforced insulation.

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PrefaceSafety Summary

• The Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system must be installed and used in a controlled access location. Access must be limited to service personnel and users that have been instructed about the reasons for the controlled access and any precautions that must be taken.

• Touching electrical connectors or other exposed electrical circuitry inside the system subracks can cause injury to personnel.

• All doors must be closed and locked when the equipment is switched ON.

• A disconnection device (fuse) must be present on the power supply line. The power supply line fuse must be removed before wiring.

• The power supply line fuse must be removed before disconnecting the earth ground for maintenance or installation purposes.

• Do not touch anything inside the subrack or introduce anything into the subrack (except modules) when it is turned ON. If module removal is necessary, replace the empty slot with a blank panel immediately.

• All Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system electrical interfaces are intended to be connected to local devices, that is, devices in the same room or in the same building as the ONS 15800/15801 system (not in unprotected environments).

Optical Safety PrecautionsThe following optical safety precautions, procedures, and rules are required when working on the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system:

• Terminate all fiber outputs properly before connecting fiber inputs.

• Disconnect the fiber input connector before disconnecting the fiber output connector. Ensure that the fiber output is safely terminated before reconnecting the fiber input.

• Handle glass fiber with care. It is subject to breakage if mishandled. Permanent equipment damage can result from using broken fiber.

• Protect skin from exposed glass fiber. It can penetrate the skin.

• Limit personnel having access to light-wave transmission systems. These personnel are to be authorized and properly trained if access to laser emission is required.

• Limit the use of laser test equipment to authorized, trained personnel during installation and service. This precaution includes using the optical loss test set and the optical time domain reflectometer equipment.

• Exclude all unauthorized personnel from the immediate laser radiation area during service and installation when there is a possibility that the system may become energized. Consider the immediate service area to be a temporary laser-controlled area.

• Cisco laser equipment functions in the 1550-nm window, which is considered invisible radiation. Personnel cannot see the laser light being emitted by a fiber, a pigtail, or a bulkhead connector. Use appropriate eye protection during fiber optic system installation or maintenance whenever there is potential for laser exposure, as recommended by health and safety procedures. Observe this precaution, appropriate to the class of equipment, whether warning labels have or have not been posted.

• Eye protection must meet a wavelength specification of 800 to 1800 nm and have an optical density greater than two. Protective glasses such as the Laser-Gard Green CO2 (LGE Spectacle, LGS Goggle, LGW wraparound, or LGF Full-View) or an equivalent type of covering equipment is recommended.

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Laser Safety FeaturesWhen a fiber break or cut occurs in the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system, the automatic laser shutdown feature activates. An optical safety circuit reduces optical power to a safer level in the direction toward the fiber break. This optical power is reduced to a Class I hazard within one second of break detection. At the Class I level, the system is considered safe. Once the system reaches the output power shutdown condition triggered by the automatic laser shutdown, the optical system signal can be manually restarted.

Caution When restarting the system manually, such as after an automatic laser shutdown, avoid using an optical power level capable of causing any potential hazard until the line disruption has been eliminated. The output power must be maintained under the Class IIIa upper limit.

A software code is required to turn on the laser in the manual startup procedure. In accordance with safety rules, a dialog box like the one in Figure 1 appears with warning messages about laser radiation.

Figure 1 Cisco ONS 15800/15801 System Startup Warning

When the system is manually restarted after broken fiber is repaired:

• The manual startup turns the units on in a reduced class (I or IIIa).

• The safety override operates at a reduced power level for installation and maintenance.

• Optical power increases to the maximum only if the line continuity is verified from the system interlocking procedure.

Protections against accidental exposure to dangerous optical radiation during the startup procedure include:

• The required startup software code

• The interlocks provided by optical connectors

• The automatic laser shutdown feature

• Proper training for personnel with access to restricted locations

COMMAND EXECUTIONWILL ACTIVATE

LASER RADIATION

AVOID EXPOSURE TO BEAM

Execute Cancel

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ESD PrecautionsSome Cisco ONS 15800/15801 components are classified as Class 0 ESD-sensitive devices. Follow these rules when handling ESD-sensitive devices:

• Assume that all solid-state electronic devices are ESD-sensitive.

• Use a grounded wrist strap (or equivalent equipment) while working with ESD-sensitive devices.

• Transport, store, and handle ESD-sensitive devices in static-safe environments.

Safety Symbols and LabelsCisco ONS 15800/15801 equipment is clearly labeled with warnings about the equipment radiation level. All warning labels must be read and understood by personnel before working with the equipment. Cisco ONS 15800/15801 systems transmitting 10-Gbps channels operate with higher optical power than systems transmitting 2.5-Gbps channels. The warning labels differ for these transmission speeds and power levels.

Area Warning Sign

Signs explaining the existence of a potential laser hazard should be posted prominently at the entrance to the service area and in the vicinity of the installation area where laser-furnished fiber optic equipment is installed, in accordance with IEC 60825. Since the service area is a temporary laser-controlled area, these signs should signal that access is limited to authorized personnel. A sample sign is illustrated in Figure 2. The symbol for a laser hazard is to be prominently displayed at the top of this sign.

Figure 2 Sample Laser-Controlled Area Warning Sign

Controlled Laser AreaAccess by unauthorized staff is not permitted.

Protective eyeglasses must be worn in this area.

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Electrical Safety Labels

The Cisco ONS 15800/15801 equipment is labeled with hazard symbols to alert personnel to electrical hazards. Additionally, the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 equipment is labeled with attention symbols to alert personnel to potential hazards.

The electrical energy hazard symbol alerts personnel to electrical hazards within the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system equipment. The potential for electrical hazards exists when equipment doors are open, when power supply cables are disconnected, and when a module is removed and replaced. The electrical energy hazard symbol is illustrated in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Electrical Energy Hazard Symbol

The attention symbol label alerts personnel to exercise caution while working on the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system. The attention symbol is illustrated in Figure 4.

Figure 4 Attention Symbol

Front and Back Door Safety Labels

The doors of the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 system subracks are labeled with laser radiation warnings. The front and back doors of subracks have danger labels similar to the ones shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Figure 5 Danger Label on Front and Back Doors of Cisco ONS 15800 Subracks

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288

INVISIBLE LASER RADIATIONAVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM

Maximum output power 50 mWWavelength range 1280-1605 nm

Avoid exposure - invisible laser radiation isemitted from optical connectors

This product conforms to all applicablestandards under 21 CFR 1040.10

WARNINGFOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS OF TECHNICAL MANUAL

DO NOT DISCONNECT OUTPUT WHEN LASER IS ONDO NOT SWITCH ON LASER UNLESS OUTPUT IS CONNECTED

CLASS IIIb LASER PRODUCT

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Figure 6 Danger Label on Front and Back Doors of Cisco ONS 15801 Subracks

Subrack Safety Labels

The backplanes of the Cisco ONS 15800/15801 subracks are also labeled to warn against exposure to laser radiation. The backplanes have danger labels similar to the ones shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Figure 7 ONS 15800 System Backplane Safety Label

Figure 8 ONS 15801 System Backplane Safety Label

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INVISIBLE LASER RADIATIONAVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM

Maximum output power 50 mWWavelength range 1280-1605 nm

CLASS IIIb LASER PRODUCT

Avoid exposure - invisible laser radiation isemitted from optical connectors

This product conforms to all applicablestandards under 21 CFR 1040.10

WARNINGFOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS OF TECHNICAL MANUAL

DO NOT DISCONNECT OUTPUT WHEN LASER IS ONDO NOT SWITCH ON LASER

UNLESS OUTPUT IS CONNECTED

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INVISIBLE LASER RADIATIONDO NOT STARE INTO BEAM OR VIEW

DIRECTLY WITH OPTICAL INSTRUMENTSHAZARD LEVEL 3A

Maximum output power 50 mW - Wavelength range 1460-1605 nmThis product has been labeled

in accordance with IEC publication 60825-2 1995

WARNINGDO NOT DISCONNECT OUTPUT WHEN LASER IS ON

DO NOT SWITCH ON LASER UNLESS OUTPUT IS CONNECTED

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The label illustrated in Figure 9 is placed on the backplane near ports with a laser radiation hazard.

Figure 9 Backplane Aperture Laser Safety Label

Module Safety Labels

The Cisco ONS 15800/15801 modules are individually labeled with safety warnings. The labels differ according to the following factors:

• Type of hazard (such as laser radiation)

• Module wavelength range

• Laser class (if applicable)

• Applicable safety standard citation

• Module maximum output power

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AVOID EXPOSUREINVISIBLE LASER RADIATION

EMITTED FROM THIS APERTURE

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PrefaceConventions

ConventionsThis publication uses the following conventions:

Warning Means danger. The user is in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and optical lasers and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.

Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, the user might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data.

Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in the manual.

Convention Application

boldface Commands and keywords.

italic Command input that is supplied by the user.

[ ] Keywords or arguments that appear within square brackets are optional.

{ x | x | x } A choice of keywords (represented by x) appears in braces separated by vertical bars. The user must select one.

Ctrl The control key. For example, where hold down the Control key while pressing the D key. Ctrl + D is written.

screen font Examples of information displayed on the screen.

boldface screen font Examples of information that the user must enter.

< > Command parameters that must be replaced by module-specific codes.

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PrefaceDocumentation InfoSet Structure

Documentation InfoSet StructureCisco Optical Networking System 15800 and 15801 Series DWDM Documentation InfoSet contains the following manual types:

• System Descriptions—Provides an overview of operation, engineering, administration, maintenance, performance, system-level technical specifications, supervision tools, and craft terminal software associated with the system.

• System Technical Specifications—Summarizes system-level and module-level technical specifications, including supervision, analog and digital alarm threshold settings, engineering specifications, and system performance.

• Common Platform Installation Manuals—Provides procedures for installing and configuring components common to all systems. Also includes safety, unpacking and storage, equipment and site verification, power and grounding, and post-installation procedures.

• Installation, Setup, and Test Manuals—Provides procedures for installing, setting up, and testing standard hardware and software components within a system. Also includes safety, unpacking and storage, equipment and site verification, power and grounding, and post-installation procedures.

• System Configuration Manuals—Descriptions and detailed illustrations of standard system configurations.

• Module Handbooks—Each handbook provides functional descriptions, technical specifications, and system relationship information for a single hardware module. Each handbook also provides installation, removal, and configuration procedures associated with the module.

• Message Manual—Provides a reference guide for software commands and responses between software and firmware during setup, polling, and reporting on the system.

• Software Installation Manuals—Each manual provides installation and removal information for a specific software application.

• Software Administrator Manuals—Each manual describes the operation, security implementation, and management of a software product at a system administrator access level.

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PrefaceObtaining Documentation

Obtaining DocumentationThe following sections provide sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

World Wide WebYou can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at the following sites:

• http://www.cisco.com

• http://www-china.cisco.com

• http://www-europe.cisco.com

Ordering DocumentationCisco Optical Networking System documentation is available in a CD-ROM package that is available in the following ways:

• Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco Product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace:

http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl

• Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription Store:

http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription

• Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS(6387).

Documentation FeedbackIf you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit technical comments electronically. Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation. After you complete the form, click Submit to send it to Cisco.

You can e-mail your comments to [email protected].

We appreciate your comments.


http://www-china.cisco.com

http://www-europe.cisco.com

http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl

http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription

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PrefaceObtaining Technical Assistance

Obtaining Technical AssistanceCisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools. For Cisco.com registered users, additional troubleshooting tools are available from the TAC website.

Cisco.comCisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open access to Cisco information and resources at anytime, from anywhere in the world. This highly integrated Internet application is a powerful, easy-to-use tool for doing business with Cisco.

Cisco.com provides a broad range of features and services to help customers and partners streamline business processes and improve productivity. Through Cisco.com, you can find information about Cisco and our networking solutions, services, and programs. In addition, you can resolve technical issues with online technical support, download and test software packages, and order Cisco learning materials and merchandise. Valuable online skill assessment, training, and certification programs are also available.

Customers and partners can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain additional personalized information and services. Registered users can order products, check on the status of an order, access technical support, and view benefits specific to their relationships with Cisco.

To access Cisco.com, go to the following website:


To register for Cisco.com, go to the following website:

http://www.cisco.com/register/

Technical Assistance CenterThe Cisco Technical assistance Center (TAC) website is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product or technology that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract.

Technical assistance and customer service for Cisco ONG products are available from these sources:

• Optical Networking Group (ONG) TAC in the United States: 1-877-323-7368

• Europe, Middle East, and Asia (EMEA) ONG TAC: +32 2704 5601

• Customer Service in the United States and Canada: 1-800-553-NETS (1-800-553-6387)

• Customer Service in all other countries: 1-408-526-7208

• Customer Service global e-mail: [email protected]


http://www.cisco.com/register/

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PrefaceObtaining Technical Assistance

Contacting TAC by Telephone

If you have a priority level 1 (P1) or priority level 2 (P2) problem, contact TAC by telephone and immediately open a case.

P1 and P2 level problems are defined as follows:

• P1—Production network is down, causing a critical impact to business operations if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available.

• P2—Production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of business operations. No workaround is available.

Contacting TAC Using the Cisco TAC Website

Use the Cisco TAC website to find answers to priority level 3 (P3) or priority level 4 (P4) problems:

http://www.cisco.com/tac

P3 and P4 level problems are defined as follows:

• P3—Network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but most business operations continue.

• P4—Information or assistance about Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic product configuration is needed.

If the technical issue cannot be resolved by using the TAC online resources, Cisco.com registered users can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at the following website:

http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen

http://www.cisco.com/tac

http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen

C H A P T E R

1-1Cisco ONS 15800 DWDM System Description Manual

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1Introduction

Purpose of This PublicationThis manual gives a general overview of the Cisco ONS 15800 system. It discusses system architecture, operation, components, management, and physical layout. It also lists the compliance statements relevant to the system.

Manual StructureThe Cisco Photonics technical manual infoset is designed to be used as a unit. The different manuals each serve a different purpose and relate to each other in a particular way. The “Documentation InfoSet Structure” section explains the organization of the infoset, the purpose each manual serves, and how the manuals relate to each other. The “Structure of this Manual” section explains the organization of this manual and the information contained within each chapter.

Structure of this ManualThis manual is organized into seven chapters:

• Chapter 1, “Introduction,” briefly describes the purpose and structure of this publication, as well as providing references to related documents and applicable standards.

• Chapter 2, “System Technology,” briefly outlines the technology behind the Cisco ONS 15800 system. It also describes the different architectures supported by the system.

• Chapter 3, “System Operation,” describes system configurations and associated site configurations.

• Chapter 4, “System Engineering,” provides information on the Cisco ONS 15800 system physical equipment, including dimensions, subracks, power, and grounding.

• Chapter 5, “Operation, Administration, and Maintenance,” provides information on the administration and supervision of Cisco ONS 15800 system optical subracks, network elements, and links. It also presents information on performance management, craft terminal software, and other administrative features available with the Cisco ONS 15800 system.

• Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions,” describes each module available with the Cisco ONS 15800 system.

• Chapter 7, “General Specifications,” provides the compliance statements relevant to the Cisco ONS 15800 system.


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Chapter 1 IntroductionReferences

ReferencesThe following standards and documents are referenced by this manual:

ITU-T Recommendations

• G.691: “Optical interfaces for single-channel STM-64, STM-256 and other SDH systems with optical amplifiers”

• G.692: “Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers”

• G.681: “Functional characteristics of interoffice and long-haul line systems using optical amplifiers, including optical multiplexing”

• V.11: “Electrical characteristics for balanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates up to 10 Mbit/s”

• X.21: “Electrical characteristics for balanced double-current interchange circuits for interfaces with data signalling rates up to 52 Mbit/s”

• G.826: “Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate”

• G.821: “Error performance of an international digital connection operating at a bit rate below the primary rate and forming part of an integrated services digital network”

• G.823: “The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy”

• G.824: “The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 1544 kbit/s hierarchy”

• G.825: “The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)”

• G.671: “Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems”

• G.652: “Characteristics of a 50/125 µm multimode graded index optical fiber cable”

• G.653: “Characteristics of a dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fiber cable”

• G.654: “Characteristics of a cut-off shifted single-mode optical fiber cable”

• G.655: “Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion shifted single-mode optical fiber cable”

• G.957: “Optical interfaces for equipment and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)”

• G.958: “Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on optical fiber cables”

• G.661: “Definition and test methods for the relevant generic parameters of optical amplifier devices and subsystems”

• G.662: “Generic characteristics of optical amplifier devices and subsystems”

• G.663: “Application related aspects of optical amplifier devices and subsystems”

• G.707: “Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)”

• G.784: “Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management”

• G.803: “Architecture of transport networks based on the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)”

• G.805: “Generic functional architecture of transport networks”

• G.841: “Types and characteristics of SDH network protection architectures”


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• G.842: “Internetworking of SDH network protection architectures”

• G.975: “Forward error correction for submarine systems”

• G.664: “Optical safety procedures and requirements for optical transport systems”

• G.827: “Availability parameters and objectives for path elements of international constant bit-rate digital paths at or above the primary rate”

• ITU-T-SG13-Opt-Arch: Architecture of OTN

• M.3010: “Principles for a Telecommunications management network”

• M.3100: “Generic network information model”

• Q.811: “Lower layer protocol profiles for the Q3 and X interfaces”

• Q.812: “Upper layer protocol profiles for the Q3 and X interfaces”

• Q.822: “Stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 description for the Q3 interface - Performance management”

International Standards

• IEC 61280-2-4: “Fiber Optic communication subsystem basic test procedures-BER”

• IEC 61280-2-5: “Fiber Optic communication subsystem basic test procedures-Jitter”

• IEC 60825-X: Safety

• IEC 61204, IEC 60478-X: Power Supply

• IEC 60874: Connectors

• IEC 61300-X-X: “Fiber Optic interconnecting devices and passive components test methods”

• IEC 61290, IEC 61291, IEC 61292: Optical Amplifiers

• CISPR22 (3.ed. 1997-11): “Information technology equipment - radio disturbance characteristics - limits and methods of measurement.

• IEEE Std 802.3, 2000 Edition: “Ethernet specifications”

US Standards

• ANSI T1.105.03: “SONET Jitter at Network Interfaces”

• ANSI T1.105.06: “SONET Physical Layer specification”

• ANSI Z.136-X, OSHA-USA: Safety

• ANSI T1.315: Power Supply

• FDA-CFR Part21 Subpart 1040.10: Laser Safety

• FCC-CFR 47 Chapter I: Part 15 (Radio Frequency devices) - Subpart A (General); Subpart B (Unintentional Radiations)

• SAFETY UL1950

Telcordia (ex BellCore) Standards

• GR-2918-CORE: DWDM Systems

• GR-253-CORE: “SONET Transport Systems”

• GR-1377-CORE: “SONET OC-192 Transport System”

• GR-1209-CORE: “Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components”

• GR-2882-CORE: “Generic Requirements for Optical Isolators and Circulators”


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• GR-2883-CORE: “Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Filters”

• GR-947-CORE: Power Supply

• GR-326-CORE: Connectors and Jumpers

• GR-3112-CORE: Optical Amplifiers

• GR-1089-CORE (Issue 2, December 1997. Rev.1, February 1999): “Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical SafetyGeneric Criteria for Network Telecommunications Equipment”

• Special Report SR-3580 (Issue 1, November 1995): “Network Equipment Building System (NEBS): Level 3 Criteria”

European Standards:

• ETR 126: “Applications of Optical Amplifiers in Long Distance and optical Access Networks”

• ETS 300 462-3: “Transmission and Multiplexing-Generic Requirements for Synchronization networks”

• ETS 300 781: Passive Optical Components

• EN 60825-X, CEI (IEC)- ITA: Safety

• ETS 300 132, ETS 300 253: Power Supply

• ETS 300 232: “Optical interfaces for equipment relating to the SDH”

• ETS 300 386-2: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Telecommunication network equipment, Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements”

• ETS 300 671: Passive Optical Components

• ETS 300 672: Optical Amplifiers

• ETS 300 493: “SDH-SNCP”

• ETS 300 746: “SDH-APS”

• TS 101 009, TS 101 010: Network Protection Schemes

• ETS 300 119 -1-4: Racks and Cabinets

• BT HRD4: “British Telecom Handbook for reliability data of Components in Telecom Systems”

• EN 55022: “Information Technology Equipment–Radio disturbance characteristics: Limits and methods of measurement”

• EN 55024: “Information Technology Equipment–Immunity characteristics: Limits and methods of measurement (1998–09)

• ETS 300 019: Environmental conditions and tests

• EN 60950

Various Standards

• AS/NZS: Safety

• CSA: Canada

C H A P T E R


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2System Technology

This chapter presents the general system technology and architecture of the ONS 15800 system.

Optical System DescriptionThe ONS 15800 system is a dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and optical amplification system that operates in the 1550-nm transmission window. Over a fiber pair, the ONS 15800 system can carry up to 32 channels at 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps. The system can support a wide array of customer inputs, including SONET, SDH, IP, and ATM. The maximum total capacity of the ONS 15800 system is 640 Gbps.

Band-Separation PrincipleThe ONS 15800 system is based on transmission-band separation. Channels are grouped as bands according to their wavelength in the 1550-nm transmission window. The lower band of channels, from 1529 nm to 1535 nm, is called the blue band. The middle band of channels, from 1542 nm to 1561 nm, is called the red band (Figure 2-1). The upper band of channels, from 1575 to 1602, is called the infrared band. The blue and red bands collectively can also be called the C band. The infrared band can be called the L band.

Figure 2-1 Transmission Window Bands

ONS 15800 system channel population typically begins with the 24 red-band channels and then utilizes the 8 blue-band channels. The channels are spaced 100 GHz apart. The system can be configured to carry traffic at a 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps. The system has a maximum capacity of 32 channels over a fiber pair.

Band-specific multiplexers and demultiplexers are used to give the system greater modularity and scalability. The bands are amplified separately to narrow and flatten each region, so that equalization and tilt effects are greatly reduced. The results make the best use of the optical amplifier spectrum characteristics.

Blue Band Red Band Infrared Band

1530 nm 1540 nm 1550 nm 1560 nm 1570 nm 1580 nm 1590 nm 1600 nm

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Chapter 2 System TechnologyApplications

Channel AllocationThe eight blue-band channels are designated as channels 01 through 08. The 24 red-band channels are designated as channels 09 through 32, and. For the frequencies of these channels, refer to the ONS 15800 DWDM System Technical Specifications Manual.

Out-of-Band Forward Error CorrectionONS 15800 system includes out-of-band forward error correction (OOB FEC). This feature adds error correction capability to the transmitted data stream and increases channel bit-rate by performing its function outside the payload bandwidth. OOB FEC makes the following improvements to the ONS 15800 system:

• Maximizes channel count on Single Mode Fiber 28® (SMF-28), Enhanced Large Effective Area Fiber® (E-LEAF), Dispersion Shifted Fiber (DSF) and TrueWave-Reduced Slope® (TW-RS) long-distance fibers.

• Significantly increases the distance between terminal sites.

• Increases system tolerance.

• Improves bit error rate (BER) to 10-15.

• Allows setting of LEM and WCM transponder module output power.

ApplicationsThe ONS 15800 system is optimized for Point-to-Point Architecture and Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Architecture.

Note FEC channels must always be processed by FEC transponders (i.e., -F suffix), while non FEC channels must always be addressed by B1 monitoring transponders (i.e., -M suffix)

Point-to-Point ArchitectureIn point-to-point architecture, high-volume traffic is exchanged between two terminal sites (terminal site A and terminal site B) on one fiber pair (Figure 2-2).

Figure 2-2 Point-to-Point Link

A ONS 15800 system point-to-point link contains these elements:

Site BSite AN AB Channels

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• Two terminal sites. Each terminal site contains one transmit section (wavelength converter modules, multiplexer modules, transmit power amplifier modules) and one receive section (preline amplifier module, demultiplexer modules, receive transponder modules).

• Optional optical line amplification sites. These sites are included if the line signal must be re-amplified due to attenuation over distance. Optical line amplification sites amplify signals in two stages through preline amplifier modules and booster optical amplifiers.

Note In configurations using OOB FEC transponders, the maximum number of optical line amplification sites allowed between regeneration sites is nine. In configurations using B1 monitored transponders, the maximum number of optical line amplification sites allowed between regeneration sites is four.

• Optional regeneration sites. These sites are included if the overall transmission exceeds the limits set by the fiber span budgets. The signal is regenerated with certain transponder modules. In the point-to-point architecture, up to 15 links can be cascaded.

Note In configurations using OOB FEC transponders, the maximum number of spans between terminal sites is 150. In configurations using B1 monitored transponders, the maximum number of spans allowed between terminal sites is 75.

• Local configuration through a local craft terminal using Cisco Photonics Local Terminal software. (Refer to Chapter 5, “Operation, Administration, and Maintenance” for a description of the Cisco Photonics Local Terminal software.)

• Supervision through a telecommunication management network (TMN) element manager.

Note Receive transponder modules are mandatory for applications using OOB-FEC transponders. For applications using B1 monitoring transponders, receive transponder modules are standard in ONS 15800 configurations. There are some special conditions when the system can be configured without them. In those cases, span budgets and channel counts may be limited.

Figure 2-3 shows three possible configurations of a point-to-point architecture.


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Figure 2-3 Point-to-Point Architecture

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Architecture

With optical add/drop multiplexing architecture, channels are dropped to optical line terminal equipment (OLTE) and added back. The system can be configured to drop all of the channels in a band (i.e., full demultiplexing), or specific channels in a band (i.e., partial demultiplexing). Refer to Chapter 3, “System Operation” for configuration information and Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions” for module information.

High-volume traffic can be exchanged in OADM architecture (Figure 2-4):

• Between two terminal sites (e.g., terminal site A and terminal site B)

• Between a terminal site and an adjacent optical add/drop multiplexing site, such as:

– Terminal site A and fully or partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing site C

– Terminal site B and fully or partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing site D

• Between a terminal site and a nonadjacent optical add/drop multiplexing site, such as:

– Terminal site A and partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing site D

– Terminal site B and partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing site C

• Between two intermediate fully or partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing sites, such as sites C and D, independently of the terminal sites

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TS TS

5 spans

TS TS

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Up to 150 spans

TS TS

OLA OLA OLA

OLA OLA OLA OLARS RS


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Figure 2-4 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Architecture

An optical line amplification site can easily be upgraded to perform partial add/drop multiplexing by adding an OADM-P4 module and its associated booster amplifier. The upgrade does not affect the site’s system performance or span budgets (Figure 2-5).

Figure 2-5 Links Between Terminal and Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Sites

Site BSite ANABChannels

Site DSite CNCDChannels

NBCChannels

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C H A P T E R


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3System Operation

This chapter provides a functional overview of the site types available in the ONS 15800 system.

The ONS 15800 system is available in two standard configurations:

• 2.5-Gbps operation with 100-GHz spacing.

• 10-Gbps operation with 100-GHz spacing.

The following paragraphs describe each configuration and its associated ONS 15800 site types. All modules mentioned are described in more detail in Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions”.

2.5-Gbps Operation2.5 Gbps configurations have a transmission speed of 2.5 Gbps with channels spaced at 100-GHz intervals. The maximum channel count available in each band depends on these factors:

• Fiber type

• Guaranteed power budget

• Transponder interface

Terminal Site Configuration with 2.5-Gbps OperationEach terminal site operating at 2.5 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Transmit direction–Multiplexes and amplifies incoming signals from the OLTE and transmits them to the other terminal site

• Receive direction–Amplifies and demultiplexes the signals coming from the line and passes them to the OLTE

In systems configured to use out-of-band forward error correction, FEC transponders must be used at the point where the signal enters the ONS 15800 system and the point where the signal exits the system. FEC transponders are indicated by the letter ‘F’ at the end of the module abbreviation (i.e., WCM-EM-Fxx).

In systems configured to use B1 monitoring, B1 monitored transponders must be used at the point where the signal enters the ONS 15800 system and the point where the signal exits the system. B1 monitored transponders are indicated by the letter ‘M’ at the end of the module abbreviation (i.e., WCM-EM-Mxx).

Note OOB FEC and non-OOB FEC transmission is available on red band and blue band channels.


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Chapter 3 System Operation2.5-Gbps Operation

Terminal Site Transmit Direction with 2.5-Gbps Operation

In a 2.5-Gbps terminal site’s transmit direction, Wavelength Converter Modules–Externally Modulated (WCM-EM) convert IP, ATM, SONET, and SDH client signals to selected wavelengths that are transmitted with the ONS 15800 system. The WCM-EM module input interface is fully compliant with SONET and SDH physical interface specifications (Telcordia GR-253-CORE and International Telecommunications Union–Telecommunications standardization section ITU-T G.957), making the ONS 15800 system deployable in a multivendor environment. Each WCM-EM module retimes, reshapes, and regenerates the client signal with an externally modulated distributed feedback (DFB) laser to provide greater chromatic dispersion resistance. WCM-EM modules are available with out-of-band forward error correction (OOB FEC) or B1 monitoring.

After the client signals enter the system through the WCM-EM modules, they are multiplexed according to channel and band. The blue-band channels are multiplexed by an 8-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue band (8WM-B) module. It is a passive module that combines the output of the blue-band WCM-EM modules and multiplexes them as channels 01 through 08. The red-band channels are multiplexed by a 24-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red band (24WM-R) module. It is a passive module that combines the output of the red-band WCM-EM modules and multiplexes it as channels 09 through 32.

The multiplexed blue-band signal is amplified by the Transmit Power Amplifier–Blue band (TPA-B) module and transferred to the Transmit Power Amplifier–Red band (TPA-R) module. The multiplexed red-band signal is amplified by the TPA-R module and is combined in that module with the amplified blue-band signal from the TPA-B module. The TPA-R module transmits the composite signal over the fiber span.

Figure 3-1 shows the transmit direction of a terminal site with 2.5-Gbps operation.

Figure 3-1 Terminal Site Transmit Direction (2.5-Gbps Operation)

To line

WCM-EMmodules

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Terminal Site Receive Direction with 2.5-Gbps Operation

In a 2.5-Gbps terminal site’s receive direction, the signal enters a Pre-Line Amplifier (PRE-L) module. The PRE-L module is optimized for very low input signals. It preamplifies the combined red-band and blue-band signals. After preamplification, the blue-band signal is extracted at the PRE-L module output with an interferential filter.

After the line signal is separated, the blue-band signal is directed from the PRE-L module to the 8-Channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Blue Band (8WD-B) module for demultiplexing into eight channels. The red-band signal is directed from the PRE-L module through a Gain-Flattening Filter–Red band (GFF-R) to the 24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Red band (24WD-R) module for demultiplexing into 24 channels.

After the blue-band channels and red-band channels are demultiplexed, they are output to Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated (RXT-DM) modules. These modules retime and reshape low-input signals and regenerate them using the standard eye-mask pattern. RXT-DM modules are available with forward error correction or B1 monitoring. The RXT-DM module output interfaces are fully compliant with SONET and SDH STM-16 long-reach L-16.2 physical interface specifications (Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957).

Note RXT-DM modules are standard in 2.5-Gbps configurations. RXT-DM-F modules are mandatory in systems that implement forward error correction. RXT-DM-M modules are mandatory in 2.5-Gbps configurations that implement B1 monitoring. If RXT-DM-M modules are not used, a 3-dB penalty is introduced per span and an OLTE interoperability test is required.

Figure 3-2 shows the receive direction of a 2.5-Gbps terminal site.

Figure 3-2 Terminal Site Receive Direction (2.5-Gbps Operation)

Optical Line Amplification Site Configuration with 2.5-Gbps OperationEach optical line amplification site operating at 2.5 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Amplifies optical signals through band separation

RXT-DM

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• Recombines the bands

• Launches the recombined signal into the next fiber section

In an optical line amplification site with 2.5-Gbps operation, the signal enters the PRE-L module. The PRE-L module preamplifies the signal. It extracts the blue-band signal at the output stage and transmits it to the Blue-band Booster Amplifier (BBA) module. The red-band signal is transmitted from the PRE-L module through a GFF-R and to the Red-Band Booster Amplifier (RBA) module. The RBA module recombines the blue-band signal and the red-band signal, and transmits the combined signal to the next fiber section. One optical line amplification configuration is necessary for each line direction (east-to-west and west-to-east). Figure 3-3 shows a diagram of the west-to-east optical line amplification site. The structure is the same for the east-to-west direction.

Figure 3-3 Optical Line Amplification Site (2.5-Gbps Operation)

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing with 2.5-Gbps OperationAn optical add/drop multiplexing site performs the following functions:

• Drops specific channels in a band

• Makes channels available for use by OLTE

• Adds channels back to the system

The site configuration is built on an optical line amplification site. If an Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM-P4) module is used for partial red-band demultiplexing, it takes advantage of the mid-amplifier loss (MAL) between the PRE-L module and the RBA module. Each optical line amplification site can be upgraded in this way without any decrease in performance.



There are two configurations for 2.5-Gbps optical add/drop multiplexing sites. One uses Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band with 2.5-Gbps Operation. The other uses Full Add/Drop Demultiplexing with 2.5-Gbps Operation.

From line To linePRE-L RBA

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Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band with 2.5-Gbps Operation

Partial red-band add/drop multiplexing sites use OADM-P4 modules and an Add Drop Amplifier (ADA) module. These sites are used to drop four or fewer channels in the red band for use by OLTE.

At a partially demultiplexed optical add/drop multiplexing site, the signal is received by a PRE-L module. The blue-band signal is separated from the red-band signal at the PRE-L module output and is transmitted to the BBA module.

When the red band is partially demultiplexed, the PRE-L module red-band output is transmitted to an OADM-P4 module designed to drop and add specific red-band channels. (The available OADM-P4 module types are described in Chapter 6.) The dropped channels are transmitted to specific RXT-DM modules for retiming, reshaping, and regenerating before they are transmitted to OLTE. If a channel is dropped by the OADM-P4 module but is not being used by OLTE, it is passed through by a Line Extender Module–Externally Modulated (LEM-EM) and added back through the OADM-P4 module. Channels being added after use by OLTE are transmitted by channel-specific WCM-EM modules.

All channels added to the OADM-P4 module are transmitted to an ADA module for amplification and then back to the OADM-P4 module. After the red-band channels are dropped and added, they are transmitted to the RBA module for signal boosting.

The blue-band signal from the BBA module and the red-band signal from the RBA module are combined in the RBA module. The combined output is transmitted to the line. An example of partial demultiplexing in the red band is shown in Figure 3-4. One optical add/drop multiplexing configuration is necessary for each line direction (east-to-west and west-to-east). The structure for each direction is the same.

Figure 3-4 Partial Red-Band Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (2.5-Gbps Operation)

Full Add/Drop Demultiplexing with 2.5-Gbps Operation

Full add/drop demultiplexing allows all channels in either band to be dropped. It demultiplexes them for transmission through RXT-DM modules to OLTE or regenerates them and adds all the channels back to the system. The site configuration is built on a 2.5-Gbps optical line amplification site. Drop-and-add operations are carried out with demultiplexer modules, transponder modules, and multiplexer modules. Each optical line amplification site can be upgraded to an optical add/drop multiplexing site without any decrease in performance.

In optical add/drop multiplexing sites with full demultiplexing, the signal is preamplified in the PRE-L module.

From line To line

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If blue-band channels are to be fully demultiplexed, the PRE-L module blue-band output is demultiplexed by an 8WD-B module. Any channels to be dropped for use by OLTE are retimed, reshaped, and regenerated by channel-specific RXT-DM modules. Blue-band channels not being transmitted for use by OLTE are passed through by channel-specific LEM-EM modules and transmitted to an 8WM-B module for multiplexing. Blue-band channels added after use by OLTE are transmitted through channel-specific WCM-EM modules to the 8WM-B module multiplexing. The multiplexed blue-band signal is amplified by a TPA-B module. In Figure 3-5, the blue band is fully demultiplexed and the red band is transmitted to the RBA module without add or drop operations.

Figure 3-5 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site With Full Blue-Band Demultiplexing (2.5-Gbps

Operation)

If red-band channels are to be fully demultiplexed, the PRE-L module red-band output is demultiplexed by a 24WD-R module. The same drop-and-add functions occur in the red band as in the blue band, except that the channels are multiplexed by the 24WM-R module. The multiplexed red-band signal is amplified by a TPA-R module. The blue-band signal from the PRE-L module is received by the BBA module and amplified before it is transmitted to the TPA-R module to be combined with the red-band signal. Full red-band demultiplexing is shown in Figure 3-6.

Figure 3-6 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site With Full Red-Band Demultiplexing (2.5-Gbps

Operation)

One optical add/drop multiplexing configuration must be used for each direction, west-to-east and east-to-west. Refer to ONS 15800 DWDM System Technical Specifications Manual for details about optical add/drop multiplexing capabilities of the system according to fiber type.

Regeneration Site Configuration With 2.5-Gbps OperationEach regeneration site operating at 2.5 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Retimes, reshapes, and regenerates channels

From line To line

LEM-EM

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• Amplifies the signal and transmitting it back to the line

• Can add or drop channels

The blue-band signal is separated from the red-band signal in the PRE-L module by an interferential filter. It is transmitted to the 8WD-B module for demultiplexing, and each blue-band channel is transmitted to a channel-specific LEM-EM module. If a channel is to be terminated, it is terminated by an RXT-DM module and sent to the OLTE and therefore is not multiplexed. The signal coming from OLTE is processed by a WCM-EM module in order to adapt it to DWDM requirements, and it is multiplexed by an 8WM-B module. If it is regenerated by the LEM-EM module, it is multiplexed by the 8WM-B module. Next, the blue-band signal is amplified by the TPA-B module and transmitted to the TPA-R module.

LEM-EM modules regenerate channels by converting them from optical signals to electrical signals and back to optical signals. They compensate for chromatic dispersion and span budget attenuation by combining the functions of RXT-DM modules and WCM-EM modules.

The red-band signal is transmitted from the PRE-L module output through a GFF-R and to a 24WD-R module for demultiplexing. After the channels leave the 24WD-R module, they are regenerated or terminated the same way as the blue band channels. The red-band channels are multiplexed by the 24WM-R module and transmitted to the TPA-R module.



The red-band signal and blue-band signal are combined in the TPA-R module and transmitted to the line. A regeneration site with 2.5-Gbps operation is shown in Figure 3-7. Since the structure is the same for the west-to-east and east-to-west directions, only one direction is shown.

Figure 3-7 Regeneration Site (2.5-Gbps Operation)

To lineFrom line

24W

D-R

8WD

-B

PRE-L

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Chapter 3 System Operation10-Gbps Operation

10-Gbps OperationThe second ONS 15800 system configuration has a maximum transmission speed of 10 Gbps, with channels spaced at 100-GHz intervals. For FEC-based applications the channel count could be a maximum of 32. For non-FEC applications, the maximum number of channels available per band with this configuration depends on these factors:

• Fiber type

• Guaranteed power budget

• Transponder interface

In systems configured to use out-of-band forward error correction, FEC transponders must be used at the point where the signal enters the ONS 15800 system and the point where the signal exits the system. FEC transponders are indicated by the letter ‘F’ at the end of the module abbreviation (i.e., WCM-10G-Fxx).

In systems configured to use B1 monitoring, B1 monitored transponders must be used at the point where the signal enters the ONS 15800 system and the point where the signal exits the system. B1 monitored transponders are indicated by the letter ‘M’ at the end of the module abbreviation (i.e., WCM-10G-Mxx).

Terminal Site Configuration 10-Gbps OperationEach terminal site operating at 10 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Transmit direction–Multiplexes and amplifies incoming signals used by OLTE and transmits them to the optical line amplification site or to the other terminal site (Terminal Site Transmit Direction with 10-Gbps Operation)

• Receive direction–Amplifies and demultiplexes the signals coming from the line and transmits them through RXT-10G modules to OLTE.



Terminal Site Transmit Direction with 10-Gbps Operation

In a 10-Gbps terminal site's transmit direction, Wavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps (WCM-10G) convert IP, ATM, SDH, and SONET client signals to blue-band wavelengths that are transmitted with the ONS 15800 system. Wavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps High output power (WCM-10H) modules convert IP, ATM, SDH, and SONET client signals to red-band wavelengths for transmission with the ONS 15800 system. Wavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps–Forward error correction (WCM-10G-F) modules convert IP, ATM, SDH, and SONET client signals to blue-band and, red-band wavelengths that are transmitted with the ONS 15800 systems. These interfaces make the ONS 15800 system deployable in a multivendor environment. The WCM-10G module and the WCM-10H module input interfaces are fully compliant with SONET and SDH physical interface specifications (Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-TG.957). Each WCM-10G module and WCM-10H module retimes, reshapes, and regenerates the signal with an externally modulated DFB laser to provide greater chromatic dispersion resistance. The WCM-10G module can be either a WCM-10G-M, that provides B1 monitoring, or a WCM-10G-F module, that provides forward error correction.


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After the client signals enter the system through WCM-10G modules or WCM-10H modules, they are multiplexed according to channel and band. The blue-band signal is multiplexed by a passive 8WM-B module that combines the output of the blue-band WCM-10G modules and multiplexes channels 01 through 08. The red-band channels are multiplexed by a passive 24WM-R module that combines WCM-10H or WCM-10G module red-band output channels and multiplexes them as channels 09 to 32.

The multiplexed blue-band signal is amplified by the TPA-B module and transferred to the TPA-R module. The multiplexed red-band signal is amplified by the TPA-R module and is combined in that module with the amplified blue-band signal from the TPA-B module. The TPA-R module transmits the combined signal over the fiber span. Figure 3-8 shows the transmit direction of a terminal site 10-Gbps operation.

Figure 3-8 Terminal Site Transmit Direction (10-Gbps Operation)

Terminal Site Receive Direction With 10-Gbps Operation

In a 10-Gbps receive-direction terminal site, the signal enters a PRE-L module. The PRE-L module is optimized for very low input signals. It preamplifies the combined red-band and blue-band. The blue-band signal is extracted at the PRE-L module output with an interferential filter.

After the signal is separated, the blue-band signal is directed to a Dispersion Compensating Unit–Blue band (DCU-B) module to reduce dispersion. Positive or negative dispersion DCU-B modules are used, depending on fiber type. From the DCU-B module, the signal is transmitted to the Blue-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps (BBA-10G) module. Then, it is actively demultiplexed into eight channels by an 8WD-B module. The red-band signal is transmitted to a GFF-R and then to the Dispersion Compensating Unit–Red band (DCU-R) module to reduce dispersion. Positive- or negative-dispersion DCU-R modules are used, depending on fiber type. Then the signal is transmitted to a Red-Band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps (RBA-10G) module. It is then actively demultiplexed into 24 channels by a 24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Low Loss–Red band (24WD-LLR) module.

After red-band channels and blue-band channels are demultiplexed, they are output to Receive Transponder–10 Gbps (RXT-10G) modules. RXT-10G modules retime and reshape low-input signals and regenerate them using the standard eye-mask pattern. The RXT-10G module output interfaces are fully compliant with SONET and SDH physical interface specifications (Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957).

Note RXT-10G modules are standard in 10-Gbps configurations. RXT-10G-F modules are mandatory in systems that implement forward error correction. RXT-10G-M modules are mandatory in 10-Gbps configurations that implement B1 monitoring. There are some special conditions when the system can be configured without RXT-10G-M modules. In those cases, span budgets and channel counts may be limited.

WCM-10G

WCM-10G

WCM-10G

WCM-10G

TPA-B

To line

24W

M-R

8WM

-B

TPA-R +

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Figure 3-9 shows the receive direction of a terminal site with 10-Gbps operation.

Figure 3-9 Terminal Site Receive Direction (10-Gbps Operation)

Optical Line Amplification Site Configuration With 10-Gbps OperationEach optical line amplification site operating at 10 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Optically regenerates the signals through band separation

• Recombines the bands

• Compensates for dispersion

• Launches the recombined signal into the next fiber section

In an optical line amplification site 10-Gbps operation, the signal enters the PRE-L module. The PRE-L module preamplifies the signal. The PRE-L module extracts the blue-band signal at the output stage and directs it to the DCU-B module to reduce dispersion. From the DCU-B module, the signal is transmitted to the BBA module for signal boosting. The red-band signal is directed to a GFF-R and then to the DCU-R module to reduce dispersion. Then the signal is transmitted to the RBA module for signal boosting. The RBA module recombines the blue-band signal and the red-band signal and transmits the combined signals to the next fiber section. One optical line amplification configuration is necessary for each line direction (east-to-west and west-to-east). Figure 3-10 shows a diagram of the west-to-east optical line amplification site. The structure is the same for the east-to-west direction.

DCU-B

RXT-10GmodulesCH 01

CH 08

8WD

-B

BBA-10G

CH 09

CH 32

From lineDCU-RGFF-RPRE-L RBA-10G

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Figure 3-10 Optical Line Amplification Site (10-Gbps Operation)

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Site Configuration With 10-Gbps OperationAn optical add/drop multiplexing site performs the following functions:

• Drops specific channels in a band

• Makes channels available for use by OLTE

• Adds channels back to the system

The site configuration is built on an optical line amplification site. If an Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM-P4) module is used for partial red-band demultiplexing, it takes advantage of the mid-amplifier loss (MAL) between the PRE-L module and the RBA module. Each optical line amplification site can be upgraded in this way without any decrease in performance.



There are two configurations for 10-Gbps optical add/drop multiplexing sites. One uses Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band With 10-Gbps Operation. The other uses Full Add/Drop Multiplexing With 10-Gbps Operation.

Partial Add/Drop Multiplexing in Red Band With 10-Gbps Operation

Partial add/drop multiplexing uses an OADM-P4 module and an ADA module. This site type is used to drop four or fewer red-band channels for use by OLTE.

At a partially demultiplexed 10-Gbps optical add/drop multiplexing site, the signal is received by a PRE-L module. The blue-band signal signal is separated from the red-band signal at the PRE-L module output.

At this point, each band is treated separately. The blue-band signal is compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-B module. It is boosted by a BBA module and transmitted to an RBA module for signal boosting.

From line To linePRE-L RBA

BBA

DCU-R

DCU-B

GFF-R

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The red-band signal is attenuated and then passed through a GFF-R and then compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-R module. It is boosted by an RBA-10G module to enhance the signal for use by OLTE. The boosted signal is transmitted to an OADM-P4-Rx module designed to drop specific red-band channels. (The available OADM-P4 module types are described in Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions”.) The dropped channels are transmitted to specific RXT-10G modules for 3R functions before they are transmitted to OLTE. If a channel is dropped by the OADM-P4 module but is not being used by OLTE, it is passed through by a Line Extender Module–10 Gbps (LEM-10G) and added back through the OADM-P4 module. Channels added from OLTE are transmitted by channel-specific WCM-10G modules.

All channels added to the OADM-P4 module are transmitted to an ADA module and through an attenuator for amplification and then added back to the OADM-P4 module. After the red-band channels are dropped and added they are sent through an attenuator, a GFF-R, and then compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-R module prior to being transmitted to an RBA module for signal boosting.

The blue-band signal from the BBA module, and the red-band signal from the RBA module are combined in the RBA module output. The combined output is transmitted to the line. An example of partial demultiplexing in the red band is shown in Figure 3-11. Please note that dispersion compensation, attenuation and gain flattening is required before and after the OADM-P4 module. One optical add/drop multiplexing configuration is necessary for each line direction (east-to-west and west-to-east), but they share an ADA module. The structure for each direction is the same.

Figure 3-11 Partial Red-Band Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (10-Gbps Operation)

Full Add/Drop Multiplexing With 10-Gbps Operation

A 10-Gbps optical add/drop multiplexing site can drop all channels in either blue band or red band. It demultiplexes them and transmits them to OLTE or regenerates them, then adds all the channels back to the system. The site configuration is built on a 10-Gbps optical line amplification site. Drop-and-add operations are carried out with demultiplexer modules, transponder modules, and multiplexer modules. Each optical line amplification site can be upgraded to an optical add/drop multiplexing site without any decrease in performance.

In the 10-Gbps optical add/drop multiplexing sites with full demultiplexing, the signal is preamplified in the PRE-L module. The blue band is separated from the red band at the PRE-L module output. All band signals are directed through their respective dispersion compensation modules (DCU-B module for blue band or DCU-R module for red band).

RnRBA-10GPRE-L Att. GFF-R RBA

BBA

RXT-10G WCM-10G

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RXT-10G

RXT-10G

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If blue-band channels are demultiplexed, the PRE-L module blue-band output is compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-B module. It is boosted by a BBA-10G module to enhance the signal for use by OLTE. The boosted signal is demultiplexed by an 8WD-B module. Any channels being dropped for use by OLTE are retimed, reshaped, and regenerated by channel-specific RXT-10G modules. Blue-band channels not being transmitted for use by OLTE are passed through by channel-specific LEM-10G modules. Blue-band channels added after use by OLTE are transmitted through channel-specific WCM-10G to the 8WM-B module for multiplexing. The multiplexed blue-band signal is amplified by a TPA-B module. It is then combined with the red-band signal in the RBA module before being transmitted to the line. In Figure 3-12, the blue band is fully demultiplexed and the red band is transmitted to the RBA module without add or drop operations. One optical add/drop multiplexing configuration must be carried out for each direction, east-to-west and west-to-east. The structure is the same for the each direction.

Figure 3-12 Full Blue-Band Demultiplexing (10-Gbps Operation)

If red-band channels are demultiplexed, the PRE-L module red-band output is compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-R module and then boosted by an RBA-10G module to enhance OLTE signal reception. The boosted signal is demultiplexed by a 24WD-LLR module. Any channels being dropped for use by OLTE are retimed, reshaped, and regenerated by channel-specific RXT-10G-M, RXT-10G-F, or RXT-10H-M modules. Red-band channels not being transmitted for use by OLTE are passed through by channel-specific Line Extender Modules–10 Gbps High output power (LEM-10H). Red-band channels added after use by OLTE are transmitted through channel-specific WCM-10G-F, WCM-10G-M, or WCM-10H-M modules to the 24WM-R module for multiplexing. The multiplexed red-band signal is amplified by a TPA-R module. Full red-band demultiplexing is shown in Figure 3-13.

Figure 3-13 Full Red-Band Demultiplexing (10-Gbps Operation)

To lineFrom line

DCU-B

DCU-RPRE-L RBA

BBA-10G

-

TPA-B

8WD

-B

8WM

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DCU-B

DCU-R RBA-10G LEM-10H

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Regeneration Site Configuration 10-Gbps Operation10-Gbps regeneration sites demultiplex, regenerate, and multiplex line signal channels when the distance between terminal sites is too long for the span budget. (Refer to the ONS 15800 DWDM System Technical Specifications Manual.) Regeneration sites can also add or drop channels when many channels need to be exchanged.

Each regeneration site operating at 10 Gbps performs the following functions:

• Compensates for dispersion

• Retimes, reshapes, and regenerates channels

• Amplifies the signal and transmits it back to the line

• Can add or drop channels



The 10-Gbps regeneration site receives the line signal from the PRE-L module. The blue band is filtered out at the PRE-L module output stage, compensated for chromatic dispersion by a DCU-B module, and transmitted to the BBA-10G module for amplification. The signal is demultiplexed by an 8WD-B module, and each blue-band channel is transmitted to a channel-specific LEM-10G module. If a channel is to be terminated, it is terminated by an RXT-10G module and sent to the OLTE and is therefore not multiplexed. The signal coming from the OLTE is processed by a WCM-EM module in order to adapt it to DWDM requirements, and it is multiplexed by 8WM-B module. If a channel is regenerated by an LEM-10G module, it is multiplexed by the 8WM-B module. Next, the blue-band signal is amplified by the TPA-B module and transmitted to the TPA-R module.

LEM-10G modules regenerate channels by converting them from optical signals to electrical signals and back to optical signals. They compensate for chromatic dispersion and span budget attenuation by combining the functions of RXT-10G-M modules and WCM-10G modules.

The red band is separated from the blue band at the PRE-L module output. It is transmitted to a DCU-R module for dispersion compensation. Then it is transmitted to an RBA-10G module for amplification. The signal is demultiplexed by a 24WD-LLR module, and each red-band channel is transmitted to a channel-specific LEM-10G module. If a channel is to be terminated, it is terminated by an RXT-10G and sent to the OLTE, therefore is not multiplexed. The signal coming from OLTE is processed by WCM-10G module in order to adapt it to DWDM requirements, and it is multiplexed by an 8WM-B module. If a channel is regenerated by the LEM module, it is multiplexed by a 24WM-R module. If a channel is regenerated by the LEM module, it is multiplexed by a 24WM-R module. Next, the red-band signal is amplified by the TPA-R module.

A 10-Gbps regeneration site is shown in Figure 3-14. Since the structure is the same for the west-to-east and east-to-west directions, only one direction is shown.

Note In regeneration sites, the following transponder types may be used:Blue Band—LEM-10G-F, LEM-10G-MRed Band—LEM-10G-F, LEM-10G-M, LEM-10H-M

The type of transponder used at the regeneration site must be the same as the type of transponder used at the terminal sites.


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Figure 3-14 Regeneration Site (10-Gbps Operation)

WCM-10GRXT-10G

LEM-10G

LEM-10G 8WM

-B

To lineFrom linePRE-L DCU-R RBA-10G

24W

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C H A P T E R


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4System Engineering

This chapter describes the ONS 15800 system mechanical makeup. It also provides electrical, electromagnetic, and safety information about the system. For more information about dimensions and electrical requirements of ONS 15800 equipment, refer to the ONS 15800 DWDM System Technical Specifications Manual.

Modularity and Ancillary EquipmentEquipment in the ONS 15800 system is modular. Each system function is carried out by a hot-swappable unit that is housed in a specific subrack. Sites are physically composed of bays that contain the following standardized components:

• Optical Subrack (OSR-W)

• Optical Subrack–Multiplexer (OSR-MUX)

• Optical Subrack–Dispersion Compensating Unit (OSR-DCU)

• Power distribution panel (PDP)

Optical Subrack• The OSR-W subrack houses most of the modules in the ONS 15800 system. It is used in all types

of sites. An OSR-W subrack is designed with these features:

• The upper-section electrical connectors supply power to the subrack and provide physical access for the network management platform software.

• The middle section has 17 general-purpose slots for vertically mounted modules. Modules are assigned to specific slots in a subrack, depending on the site configuration. Slot 17 is reserved for two modules–the Battery Management (BAT) module and the Subrack Common Functions (SCF) module.

• The lower section houses four trays, each with two cooling fans.

• The backplane contains internal buses and optical connectors that link the modules according to a factory-configured scheme. The internal buses are used for supervision and power distribution. Intrabay system and module-to-module electrical and optical connections are made through backplane E-2000 connections.

• The subrack front door has a window for viewing module alarm LEDs


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Chapter 4 System EngineeringModularity and Ancillary Equipment

• The subrack rear door contains a vent and air filter for the subrack fans. It also provides access to the fiber cabling on the back of the backplane.

The OSR-W subrack physical layout is shown in Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1 OSR-W Subrack Physical Layout

Optical Subrack–MultiplexerBlue-band and red-band multiplexer modules are mounted horizontally in a one-module-high OSR-MUX subrack. This subrack (Figure 4-2) is used in all sites where multiplexer modules are required. (Refer to Chapter 3, “System Operation”.)

Figure 4-2 OSR-MUX Subrack Physical Layout

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

12

34

56

Electricalconnectors

Slot 17 divided into 2 subslots- Upper part for BAT module- Lower part for SCF module

16 Preconfigured slots - 1-16 for optical modules - 9-16 for common modules

4 Fan trays

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Chapter 4 System EngineeringModularity and Ancillary Equipment

The three slots accommodate one 24-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red band (24WM-R) module and either one or two 8-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue band (8WM-B) modules, or one 8WM-B and a 2-way Wavelength Combiner (2WC-W) module. The OSR-MUX subrack has no backplane, so optical fiber connections are made directly to the back of the modules using SC connectors.

Optical Subrack–Multiplexer Blue-band and red-band multiplexer modules are mounted horizontally in a one-module-high OSR-MUX subrack. This subrack (Figure 4-3) is used in all sites where multiplexer modules are required.

Figure 4-3 OSR-MUX-Y Subrack Physical Layout

The three slots accommodate one 24-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red band (24WM-R) module and either one or two 8-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue band (8WM-B) modules. The OSR-MUX subrack has no backplane, so optical fiber connections are made directly to the back of the modules using SC connectors.

Optical Subrack–Dispersion Compensating UnitDispersion Compensating Unit–Blue band (DCU-B) modules and Dispersion Compensating Unit–Red band (DCU-R) modules are mounted horizontally in an OSR-DCU subrack, shown in Figure 4-4.

Figure 4-4 OSR-DCU Subrack Physical Layout

Each OSR-DCU subrack accommodates two DCU modules. The OSR-DCU subrack is used at all sites that require DCU modules. (Refer to Chapter 3, “System Operation”.) The subrack has no backplane, so the input and output connections are made directly to the back of the DCU modules with E-2000 connectors.

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Chapter 4 System EngineeringPhysical Layout

Power Distribution PanelA PDP mounted at the top of each bay distributes power and provides current protection to individual subracks. It uses fuses and ceramic input fuses. The PDP provides a system warning if a fuse is tripped.

Physical LayoutEvery ONS 15800 site contains one or more bays. These bays support and organize the ONS 15800 subracks and equipment. At least one bay is present at each site. Each bay is shipped in a standard configuration that contains one to three OSR-W subracks (depending on the site configuration). Certain types of site configurations require OSR-MUX (or OSR-MUX-Y) subracks or OSR-DCU subracks to be mounted in the bays.

Relay racks that support the bays are constructed of flanged uprights with drilled-and-tapped mounting holes. The uprights are spaced to accommodate the three types of subracks offered with the ONS 15800 system (Figure 4-5). Relay racks also accommodate ductwork and cabling. All racks are 23 inches (54.82 centimeters) wide, but can vary in height, depending on the site and customer specifications. The base of each rack is drilled for floor mounting. Multiple racks are tied together with junction kits.

Figure 4-5 Typical Bay and Shelf Layout

Optical subrack

Optical subrack

Optical subrack

WARNING! DISCONNECT REAR FIBERS BEFORE REMOARNING! DISCONNECT REAR FIBERS BEFORE REMOVING THIS UNITTHIS UNIT

24WM-B24WM-B

INO

UT

INO

UT

WARNING! DISCONNECT REAR FIBERS BEFORE REMOARNING! DISCONNECT REAR FIBERS BEFORE REMOVING THIS UNITTHIS UNIT

8WM-B

Basecoverplate

Powerdistributionpanel

Multiplexeroptical

subrack

Relayrack

Bay layout Sample shelf layout

TPA

-RTP

A-B

PR

E-L

24 W

D-R

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-B

C06

-WC

06-W

C06

-WE

OI-W

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-W

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P-W

IOC

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AT

SC

F

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Chapter 4 System EngineeringPower and Grounding

Power and GroundingThis paragraph discusses the power and grounding aspects of the ONS 15800 system.

Power SupplyEach OSR-W subrack is equipped with a BAT module. The BAT module is a line conditioner and filter composed of three independent units:

• One frame (BATFRM), which is the mechanical structure inserted in the subrack. It holds two line conditioner and filter units (BATMOD).

• Two independently extractable BATMODs, each managing an independent external 48-VDC power supply (BAT1 and BAT2)

The filtered BATMOD outputs are paralleled together on the BATFRM to form a fully redundant and independent 48-VDC power supply to the ONS 15800.

GroundingA seven-pole grounding strip terminates all separate grounds on the OSR-W subrack. This grounding strip is the only point in the subrack that interconnects all grounds. A five-pole power/ground connector in the same area provides power and additional grounding.

SafetyThe ONS 15800 system is compliant with IEC-60825 automatic shutdown and safety labeling requirements. It is compliant with UL 1950 for electrical safety. It is compliant with Network Element Building Systems (NEBS) Level 3 of Telcordia GR-63-CORE for:

• Operational thermal (short-term conditions)

• Storage environments and transportation and handling

• Earthquake (zone 4 level)

• Airborne contaminants (outdoor levels)

It is compliant with NEBS Level 3 of Telcordia GR-1089 for:

• ESD (installation and repair)

• Electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions (open doors)

• Steady state power induction conditional requirements

Automatic Laser ShutdownThe ONS 15800 system is compliant with the requirements and specific guidelines of the 1998 IEC-60825 publication, which classifies optical communication systems according to:

• Hazard level–The potential optical radiation hazard at any accessible location within an optical fiber communication system in reasonably foreseeable circumstances.


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Chapter 4 System EngineeringLabeling

• Location access–Whether qualified or unqualified people can access the location where the system is installed.

When a fiber disruption or cable disconnection occurs, the ONS 15800 system automatic power reduction function reduces the radiation emitted by the system (optical amplifiers, etc.) in less than one second (typically 200 ms). This function reduces the hazard level to IEC-60825 Class 3a.

LabelingAll equipment containing a laser source is classified according to the optical signal emitted. Labeling with hazard symbols or warnings is according to IEC-60825 requirements.

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5Operation, Administration, and Maintenance

This chapter describes the Cisco hardware and software products used to operate, administer, and maintain the ONS 15800 system.

Supervisory Modules

Note Although one network element generally corresponds to one site, a site may contain two or more NEs if it has a protected architecture or if it is a network interconnection point.

Network elements (NE) are supervised and administered by the Control and Monitoring Processor (CMP-W or CMP-W-2E) module, the heart of the ONS 15800 management system. In addition to controlling all of the optical and common modules at the site, the CMP module collects information about module status, alarms, parameters, and actions on one internal control bus. Each ONS 15800 NE contains at least one CMP module.

The Subrack Common Functions (SCF) module monitors subracks. Each ONS 15800 NE contains at least one SCF module.

Control and Monitoring Processor ModuleThe CMP module controls all optical and common modules in its NE: collects module status, alarms, parameters, and actions on one internal control bus; and provides information through these interfaces:

• A serial EIA/TIA-232 (RS-232) port where the local craft terminal (Cisco Photonics Local Terminal) can be connected (F interface)

• An Ethernet bus that connects to a local terminal (Cisco Photonics Local Terminal via an Ethernet interface)

Subrack Common Functions ModuleThe Optical Subrack (OSR-W) is supervised and administered through the SCF module. All OSR-W subracks are equipped with an SCF module, which shares slot 17 with the Battery Management (BAT) module. The SCF module performs these functions:

• Powers and monitors the fans


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Chapter 5 Operation, Administration, and MaintenanceSupervision

• Monitors the BAT module (BAT1 and BAT2) external power supplies

• Monitors the filtered power supplied to the internal power bus

• Manages the internal control bus extension

• Summarizes the alarm status of the OSR-W subrack through LEDs

• Tests all LEDs on all modules through a push-button interface

SupervisionThe following paragraphs address system supervision in the ONS 15800.

Engineering OrderwireTwo 64-Kbps OSC time slots are assigned to two EIA/TIA 422 (RS-422) serial interfaces provided by an External Orderwire Interface (EOI-W) module. The EOI-W module connects to the LSM-W module though the backplane communication bus. An external orderwire terminal (including phone set and dialer) can be connected to the EOI-W module. For more information about these modules, see Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions”.

User-Transparent ChannelOne 64-Kbps OSC time slot provides a user channel interface (V.11). This interface is reserved for user-defined functions and is connected through electrical connectors on the OSR-W subrack.

SynchronizationOne 64-Kbps OSC time slot is dedicated to signal synchronization. This slot is marked with a pulse that aligns the signals and manages the framing of the transmission.

Performance Management

B1 Byte MonitoringB1 byte-monitoring transponders monitor errored seconds (ES), severely errored seconds (SES), background block errors (BBE), and unavailable seconds (UAS). A continuous bit error rate (BER) register with one-minute granularity is also available. B1 byte-monitoring modules include:

• Line Extender Module–Externally Modulated–B1 Monitoring (LEM-EM-Mxx)

• Line Extender Module–10 Gbps–B1 Monitoring (LEM-10G-Mxx)

• Line Extender Module–10 Gbps High Output Power–B1 Monitoring (LEM-10H-Mxx)

• Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–B1 Monitoring (RXT-DM-M) module

• Receive Transponder–10 Gbps–B1 Monitoring (RXT-10G-M) module


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Chapter 5 Operation, Administration, and MaintenanceHousekeeping Alarm Management

• Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–B1 Monitoring (WCM-EM-Mxx)

• Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–B1 Monitoring (WCM-10G-Mxx)

• Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps High output power–B1 Monitoring (WCM-10H-Mxx)

Measurement of NE operating performance can be activated, stopped, and scheduled in user-defined intervals. Intervals can be set in increments of minutes (valid values are 15 to 1440 in multiples of 15), hours (valid values are 1 to 24), or days (valid values are 1 to 31) as specified by ITU-T G.826 and ITU-T G.784. Performance statistics are stored in an embedded database as a performance report and managed through an installed network management agent.

Forward Error CorrectionForward error correction transponders detect and correct any character or code block that contains fewer than a predetermined number of symbols in error. At the input of a WCM module and at the output of an RXT module B1 monitoring is also performed, where errored seconds (ES), severely errored seconds (SES), background block errors (BBE), and unavailable seconds (UAS) are monitored. Forward error correction modules include:

• Line Extender Module–Externally Modulated–Forward error correction (LEM-EM-Fxx)

• Line Extender Module–10 Gbps–Forward error correction (LEM-10G-Fxx)

• Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–Forward error correction (RXT-DM-F) module

• Receive Transponder–10 Gbps–Forward error correction (RXT-10G-F) module

• Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–Forward error correction (WCM-EM-Fxx)

• Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–Forward error correction (WCM-10G-Fxx)

Measurement of NE operating performance can be activated, stopped, and scheduled in user-defined intervals.

Housekeeping Alarm ManagementHousekeeping alarms in the ONS 15800 system are managed and reported by the Input/Output Card (IOC-W) module. The IOC-W module reports indications from externally sensed conditions. The conditions include DC power problems, fire, flood, and open bay doors. This remote network control feature is especially useful with isolated optical line amplification sites. For more information about the IOC-W module, see Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions”.

Optical Service ChannelLinks between components of the ONS 15800 system are supervised and administered through an optical service channel (OSC). The OSC connects all Ethernet control buses in all sites using a virtual-bus architecture. The OSC is a 2-Mb/s link allows all supervision information generated at one site to be seen by all other sites. Its capacity is allotted so that:

• 28 x 64 Kbps is devoted to supervision

• 2 x 64 Kbps is devoted to engineering orderwire

• 1 x 64 Kbps is devoted to a user-transparent channel

• 1 x 64 Kbps is devoted to synchronization


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Chapter 5 Operation, Administration, and MaintenanceOptical Service Channel

A single 1480-nm optical channel carries the bidirectional OSC link. The channel runs on the same fiber as the optical payload channels, but it does not interfere with optical amplifier bandwidth. One Line Service Modem (LSM-W) module, a bidirectional optical modem, is required at each site. For more information about the LSM-W module, see Chapter 6, “Module Descriptions”.

When two ONS 15800 routes are used redundantly in a working/protect system, a break in the OSC can be self-healed by using the Router Bridge Unit (RBU) module at the protect end of the link and the Optical Service Channel Pass-through (OSC-PT-W) module at the working end. A working/protect system with self-healing OSC is shown in Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1 Normal Operation in Working/Protect Routes

The kind of system usually has:

• One terminal site master RBU module in closed mode. All OSC traffic generated on either the working route or protection route is passed to the other route. This duplicates the supervision information.

• The other terminal slave RBU module in open mode. This prevents an OSC loop.

If an OSC failure occurs on one of the routes, the slave open-mode RBU module automatically switches to closed mode. When the secondary RBU module closes the loop, it re-creates a single OSC (Figure 5-2).

Figure 5-2 Self-Healing OSC

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Chapter 5 Operation, Administration, and MaintenanceAmplifier Power Control

Amplifier Power ControlThe ONS 15800 system features a static amplifier power control (APC) mechanism used to adjust the optical amplifiers to the appropriate power level for the number of channels (1–64). The APC mechanism controls the per-channel power to avoid span budget penalties caused by nonlinear effects. These penalties include a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect when the channel power is too high and BER degradation when the channel power is too low at the receive end.

The APC mechanism supports all configuration, installation, upgrade, downgrade, and maintenance activities for point-to-point and optical add/drop multiplexing architectures. APC configuration is controlled by user-friendly local craft software (Cisco Photonics Local Terminal software) or by an element management system.

Automatic Frequency ControlFrequency drift can occur in LEM-EM-Mxx module output at regeneration or optical add/drop multiplexing sites and in WCM-EM-Mxx module output at terminal sites. This drift is caused by temperature variations in the distributed feedback (DFB) laser and by aging effects. An automatic temperature circuit (ATC) inside LEM-EM-Mxx modules and WCM-EM-Mxx modules controls temperature variations.

Network ManagementAny network management tools based on ITU-T network management recommendations can be used to manage Cisco equipment. The network management tool is linked to the ONS 15800 CMP module and network management layer via the Transaction Language 1 (TL1) protocol. With a network management tool, users do these things:

• Manage several systems centrally from one site

• Monitor alarms and changes in network status interactively through fault-report and alarm monitoring

• Configure and provision multiple NEs, including software download

Local Craft InterfaceThe Cisco Photonics Local Terminal software is designed to supervise and maintain the ONS 15800 system. Cisco Photonics Local Terminal software is implemented on a personal computer and can be connected to any site of the ONS 15800 system through a local EIA/TIA 232 (RS-232) serial interface or an Ethernet interface. When the software is connected through the EIA/TIA-232 interface, only the local site is visible. When the software is connected through an Ethernet interface, diagnostic functions can be performed on all linked sites. The main features of Cisco Photonics Local Terminal follow:

• Local supervision of a site, including element-by-element monitoring of fault reports and alarm status, NE parameter configuration, and element-by-element system performance supervision

• Remote supervision of sites linked to the local site

• Easy-to-use Windows®-based graphical user interface (GUI)

• PC-based platform


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Chapter 5 Operation, Administration, and MaintenanceLocal Craft Interface

C H A P T E R


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6Module Descriptions

This chapter describes the active and passive modules that make up the ONS 15800 system. For more information on how each module functions within a specific site, refer to Chapter 3, “System Operation.” For detailed technical specifications for each module, consult the specific module handbooks.

Active ModulesActive modules have power connectors on interfaces with the ONS 15800 system subracks. These modules are covered in the following paragraphs.

8-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Blue Band ModuleThe 8-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Blue band (8WD-B) module is based on arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) technology for 100-GHz spacing. The module is used to demultiplex a blue-band signal into eight 100-GHz-spaced blue-band channels.

In 2.5-Gbps configurations, it is used at these sites:

• Receive-direction terminal sites

• Optical add/drop multiplexing sites

• Regeneration sites

In 10-Gbps configurations, it is used at these sites:




The 8WD-B module is located in the Optical Subrack (OSR-W).

24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Red Band ModuleThe 24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Red band (24WD-R) module is used to demultiplex red-band signals in 2.5-Gbps configurations. It is used at these sites:



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Chapter 6 Module DescriptionsActive Modules



The 24WD-R module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Low Loss–Red Band ModuleThe 24-channel Wavelength Demultiplexer–Low Loss–Red band (24WD-LLR) module is used in 10-Gbps configurations to demultiplex 10-Gbps red-band signals. It is used at these sites:




The 24WD-LLR module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Add Drop Amplifier ModuleThe Add Drop Amplifier (ADA) module is used in conjunction with Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM-P4) modules in 2.5-Gbps configurations at optical add/drop multiplexing sites with partial demultiplexing. The module equalizes inserted and regenerated channels to the level of the line channels. The ADA module is composed of two independent single-stage amplifiers, each containing an Erbium-doped fiber pumped by a semiconductor laser. It receives inserted red-band channels from the OADM-P4 module, amplifies them, and reinserts them. A single ADA module covers both transmission directions (east-to-west and west-to-east), so only one ADA module is required for each pair of OADM-P4 modules at a site. The ADA module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Blue-band Booster Amplifier ModuleThe Blue-band Booster Amplifier (BBA) module is a one-stage amplifier containing an Erbium-doped, laser-pumped fiber. The module amplifies the blue-band signal and compensates for budget loss in 2.5-Gbps configurations. It is used at these sites:

• Optical line amplification sites


In 10-Gbps configurations, it is used at these sites:



The BBA module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Blue-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps ModuleThe Blue-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps (BBA-10G) module is used in 10-Gbps configurations to boost the power level of the blue-band signal. It is used at these sites:




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The BBA-10G module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–B1 Monitoring ModuleReceive Transponder–Directly Modulated–B1 Monitoring (RXT-DM-Mxx) modules are used in 2.5-Gbps configurations. The modules retime, reshape, and regenerate low-input demultiplexed channels for transmission to SONET or SDH client equipment. The interface is compliant with Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957 SONET and SDH physical interface specifications. The RXT-DM-M modules are used at these sites:



RXT-DM-Mxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Receive Transponder–Directly Modulated–Forward Error Correction ModuleReceive Transponder–Directly Modulated–Forward error correction (RXT-DM-Fxx) modules are used in 2.5-Gbps configurations. They perform FEC decoding with error correction and FEC coding before optical transmission. The modules retime, reshape, and regenerate low-input demultiplexed channels for transmission to SONET or SDH client equipment. The interface is compliant with Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957 SONET and SDH physical interface specifications. The RXT-DM-Fxx modules are used at these sites:



RXT-DM-Fxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Receive Transponder–10-Gbps–B1 Monitoring ModuleReceive Transponder–10-Gbps–B1 Monitoring (RXT-10G-Mxx) modules are used in 10-Gbps configurations. They retime, reshape, and regenerate low-input demultiplexed channels. The channels are transmitted to SONET or SDH client equipment. RXT-10G-Mxx modules are equipped with an input power (Pin) photodiode receiver that recovers the optical data signal after 500 km of optically amplified fiber. The optical transmitters are based on laser external modulation. They are used at these sites:



The RXT-10G-M modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Receive Transponder–10-Gbps–Forward Error Correction ModuleReceive Transponder–10-Gbps–Forward error correction (RXT-10G-Fxx) modules are used in 10-Gbps configurations. They perform FEC decoding with error correction and FEC coding before optical transmission. The modules retime, reshape, and regenerate low-input demultiplexed channels. The channels are transmitted to SONET or SDH client equipment. RXT-10G-Fxx modules are equipped with


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an input power (Pin) photodiode receiver that recovers the optical data signal after 500 km of optically amplified fiber. The optical transmitters are based on laser external modulation. They are used at these sites:



The RXT-10G-Fxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Red-band Booster Amplifier ModuleThe Red-band Booster Amplifier (RBA) module is used to boost the red-band signal and combine it with the blue-band signal and the OSC before transmission to the line. It is used in 2.5-Gbps configurations at these sites:



It is used in 10-Gbps configurations at these sites:



The RBA module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Red-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps ModuleThe Red-band Booster Amplifier–10 Gbps (RBA-10G) module is used in 10-Gbps configurations. It boosts the red-band signal before it is demultiplexed. The RBA-10G module has a single stage of amplification, pumped by two 980-nm semiconductor lasers on an Erbium-doped fiber. The RBA-10G module is used at these sites:




The RBA-10G module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Transmit Power Amplifier–Blue Band ModuleThe Transmit Power Amplifier–Blue band (TPA-B) module is used to uniformly amplify multiplexed blue-band channels. The TPA-B module has two stages of amplification, each containing an Erbium-doped fiber pumped by a laser. In 2.5-Gbps configurations, it is used at these sites:

• Transmit-direction terminal sites







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The TPA-B module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Transmit Power Amplifier–Red Band ModuleThe Transmit Power Amplifier–Red band (TPA-R) module is used to uniformly amplify multiplexed red-band channels and combine them with blue-band channels. The TPA-R module has two stages of amplification, each containing an Erbium-doped fiber pumped by a laser. In 2.5-Gbps configurations, it is used at these sites:








The TPA-R module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–B1 MonitoringWavelength Converter Modules–Externally Modulated–B1 Monitoring (WCM-EM-Mxx) are used to retime, reshape, and regenerate signals for transmission in the ONS 15800 system. The optical-electrical-optical wavelength conversion method in the module is designed to match the optimum channel wavelength positions in the ONS 15800 system. This process is performed using externally modulated DFB lasers. WCM-EM-Mxx modules interface with SONET OC-48, SDH STM-16, direct 2.5-Gbps IP, and direct 2.5-Gbps ATM. The modules are compliant with SONET and SDH physical interface specifications, including Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957. They are used in 2.5 Gbps configurations at these sites:



WCM-EM-Mxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Wavelength Converter Module–Externally Modulated–Forward Error Correction

Wavelength Converter Modules–Externally Modulated–Forward error correction (WCM-EM-Fxx) are used to retime, reshape, and regenerate signals for transmission in the ONS 15800 system. They perform FEC decoding with error correction and FEC coding before optical transmission. The optical-electrical-optical wavelength conversion method in the module is designed to match the optimum channel wavelength positions in the ONS 15800 system. This process is performed using externally modulated DFB lasers. WCM-EM-Fxx modules interface with SONET OC-48, SDH STM-16, direct 2.5-Gbps IP, and direct 2.5-Gbps ATM. The modules are compliant with SONET and SDH physical interface specifications, including Telcordia GR-253-CORE and ITU-T G.957. They are used in 2.5 Gbps configurations at these sites:


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WCM-EM-Fxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–B1 MonitoringWavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps–B1 Monitoring (WCM-10G-Mxx) are used to retime, reshape, and regenerate SONET and SDH signals for transmission in the ONS 15800 system in the blue and red bands. The optical-electrical-optical wavelength conversion method in the module is designed to match the optimum channel wavelength positions in the ONS 15800 system. This process is performed using externally modulated DFB lasers. WCM-10G-Mxx module output is transmitted directly to the multiplexer modules. The WCM-10G-Mxx module interfaces with SONET OC-192, SDH STM-64, direct 10-Gbps IP, and direct 10-Gbps ATM. It is used in 10-Gbps configurations at these sites:



WCM-10G-Mxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps–Forward Error CorrectionWavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps–Forward error correction (WCM-10G-Fxx) are used to retime, reshape, and regenerate SONET and SDH signals for transmission in the ONS 15800 system in the red and blue bands. They perform FEC decoding with error correction and FEC coding before optical transmission. The optical-electrical-optical wavelength conversion method in the module is designed to match the optimum channel wavelength positions in the ONS 15800 system. This process is performed using externally modulated DFB lasers. WCM-10G-Fxx module output is transmitted directly to the multiplexer modules. The WCM-10G-Mxx module interfaces with SONET OC-192, SDH STM-64, direct 10-Gbps IP, and direct 10-Gbps ATM. It is used in 10-Gbps configurations at these sites:



WCM-10G-Fxx modules are located in the OSR-W subrack.

Wavelength Converter Module–10 Gbps High Output Power–B1 MonitoringWavelength Converter Modules–10 Gbps High output power–B1 Monitoring (WCM-10H-Mxx) are used to retime, reshape, and regenerate SONET or SDH signals for transmission in the ONS 15800 system in the red band. The optical-electrical-optical wavelength conversion method in the module is designed to match the optimum channel wavelength positions in the ONS 15800 system. This process is performed using externally modulated DFB lasers. WCM-10H-Mxx module output is transmitted directly to the multiplexer modules. The WCM-10H-Mxx module interfaces with SONET OC-192, SDH STM-64, direct 10-Gbps IP, and direct 10-Gbps ATM. It is used in 10-Gbps configurations at these sites:



They are located in the OSR-W subrack.


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Chapter 6 Module DescriptionsCommon Modules

Common ModulesThe following modules perform supervisory, power, and monitoring functions in all ONS 15800 configurations. At least one of each common module is used in every site configuration.

Battery Management ModuleThe Battery Management (BAT) module is present in each OSR-W subrack at each site. The BAT module is a line conditioner and filter composed of three independent units:

• One frame (BATFRM), which is the mechanical structure inserted in the subrack. It holds two line conditioner and filter units (BATMOD).

• Two independently extractable BATMODs, each managing one of two independent external 48-VDC power supplies (BAT1 and BAT2).

The filtered BATMOD outputs are paralleled together on the BATFRM to provide a fully redundant and independent 48 VDC power supply (BAT1 and BAT2) to the ONS 15800 system. The Subrack Common Functions (SCF) module monitors BAT1 and BAT2. The BAT module shares OSR-W subrack slot 17 with the SCF module.

Control and Monitoring Processor ModuleEach ONS 15800 system network element (NE) has one CMP module (CMP-W or CMP-W-2E). The CMP module is the heart of the management system, controlling all optical and common modules in the NE. The CMP module collects information about status, alarms, parameters, and actions on one internal control bus (CBUS). It makes NE information available to the local craft terminal.

There are two 10 Base 2 Ethernet interfaces on the CMP-W-2E module. One interface, called the Master, is used to connect the CMP module to other supervisory modules. Through this interface the CMP module can connect to the local craft interface and NE management software. This interface is used to connect a working CMP module and protect CMP module in a redundant network architecture. The second Ethernet interface, called the Slave, is used to connect a master CMP module to slave modules at a site with a large number of modules installed. It is located in the OSR-W subrack.

External Orderwire Interface ModuleThe External Orderwire Interface (EOI-W) module provides an isolated interface between the LSM-W module and an external orderwire terminal. All orderwire signals are transmitted from the LSM-W module to the EOI-W module. The EOI-W module provides two isolated, bidirectional, 64-Kbps voice channels through the service line for the orderwire. The EOI-W module is connected to the orderwire system via two serial DB-25 connectors on the front panel. It can be used at any site type. When deployed, the EOI-W module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Input/Output Card ModuleThe Input/Output Card (IOC-W) module protects NEs by reporting indications from externally sensed equipment and housekeeping alarms. It can be used at any site type. The module reports alarms for DC power, AC power, fire, flood, or an open door. The IOC-W module also permits remote control of isolated optical line amplification sites.


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Chapter 6 Module DescriptionsPassive Modules

Each IOC-W module manages up to 32 digital inputs, 8 analog inputs, and 20 digital outputs. The digital inputs are ground-activated. The analog inputs are used to remotely monitor voltages from transducers with slow parameter sensors. The digital outputs are used to operate equipment remotely; for example, to start an engine generator or turn on security lights at a remote site from the network control center. The module has 20 LEDs that summarize the status of the digital outputs. If more inputs or outputs are required, more IOC-W modules can be placed in the same site, with a maximum of one IOC-W module per subrack. The IOC-W module is located in the OSR-W subrack.

Line Service Modem ModuleThe Line Service Modem (LSM-W) module is a bidirectional optical modem operating at an E1 line rate (2.048 Mb/s). It transports the OSC, which carries telemetry, supervision, user-defined information, and orderwire between sites. One LSM-W module is required at each site. If the input signal is lost on either side of an optical line amplification site, the LSM-W module automatically functions as a terminal site module so that the OSC is not interrupted. Refer to Chapter 5, “Operation, Administration, and Maintenance” for more information on the OSC. One LSM-W module is located in the OSR-W subrack for each NE.

Router Bridge Unit ModuleThe Router Bridge Unit (RBU) module provides redundant telemetry lines for the ONS 15800 system. The RBU module is connected to the Ethernet interface by the LSM-W module.To provide redundancy in a working and protection system, one RBU module is located at each end link of each terminal site. (The self-healing OSC is explained in Chapter 5, “Operation, Administration, and Maintenance”.) One RBU modules at each terminal site is set to closed mode and the other is set to open mode. If a failure occurs and the link breaks, the open mode RBU module automatically closes to continue bridging traffic and to recreate a single OSC. The RBU module is located in the OSR-W subrack of each protected terminal site.

Subrack Common Functions ModuleEach OSR-W subrack is equipped with an SCF module, which shares slot 17 with the BAT module. The SCF module performs these functions:

• Powers and monitors fans

• Monitors BAT1 and BAT2 external power supplies

• Monitors the filtered power supplied to the internal power bus

• Manages the internal control bus extension

• Summarizes the alarm status of the OSR-W subrack through LEDs

• Tests all LEDs on all modules in the OSR-W through a push-button interface

Passive ModulesPassive modules are distinguished from active modules in that they are not managed by the CMP-W module. The passive modules in the ONS 15800 system are covered in the following paragraphs.


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Chapter 6 Module DescriptionsPassive Modules

1-Channel Pass-Through ModuleThe 1-channel Pass-through (1PT-W) module provides passive, direct connectivity for one input optical signal from the front face of the ONS 15800 platform into the cabling backbone of the ONS 15800 backplane without requiring equipment to be rewired. The 1PT-W module is sometimes used in 2.5-Gbps and 10-Gbps transmit-direction terminal sites in certain cases. It receives red-band input from the OLTE and transmits output to the 24WM-R module. The 1PT-W module is located in the OSR-W subrack. It provides the following system interconnections:

• Sends output to the multiplexer modules

• Accepts optical input signals from SONET/SDH equipment

8-Channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue Band ModuleThe 8-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Blue band (8WM-B) module is used to multiplex the blue-band channels into one blue-band signal before amplification. One 8WM-B module multiplexes blue-band channels 01 through 08. It is used in 2.5-Gbps configurations at these sites:








The 8WM-B module is located in the Optical Multiplexer (OSR-MUX) subrack.

24-Channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red Band ModuleThe 24-channel Wavelength Multiplexer–Red band (24WM-R) module is a 2 x 32 passive planar splitter. The module is used to multiplex the red-band channels into one signal before amplification. One 24WM-R module multiplexes channels 09 through 32. It is used in 2.5 Gbps configurations at these sites:








The 24WM-R module is located in the OSR-MUX subrack.


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Chapter 6 Module DescriptionsAuxiliary Component

Dispersion Compensating Unit ModuleThe Dispersion Compensating Unit–Blue band (DCU-B) module and the Dispersion Compensating Unit–Red band (DCU-R) module are used to compensate for positive or negative chromatic dispersion effects. A positive DCU-B/ DCU-R module compensates for negative dispersion effects, and a negative DCU-B/ DCU-R module compensates for positive dispersion effects. The modules are used in 10-Gbps configurations at these sites:





The DCU-B and DCU-R modules are located in the OSR-DCU subrack.

Optical Service Channel–Pass-Through ModuleThe Optical Service Channel–Pass-through (OSC-PTW) module provides passive Ethernet bus termination points for the OSC. It is used in 2.5 Gbps and 2.5 and 10 Gbps configurations. It takes the place of an RBU module (Router Bridge Unit Module) in working/protect systems when OSC traffic bridging is not required.

Auxiliary ComponentThe following component is not located in the ONS 15800 subracks. It is specified in system configurations that require adjusted red-band attenuation.

Gain Flattening Filter–Red BandThe Gain Flattening Filter–Red band (GFF-R) is used to connect multiple sites that are separated by less than 18 dB of attenuation. The module adjusts gain tilt between sites to bring it within specifications.

C H A P T E R


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7General Specifications

The following tables provide general system specifications for the ONS 15800 system. Table 7-1 provides information about ONS 15800 system parameters. Table 7-2 provides information about ONS 15800 system performance. Table 7-3 provides information about ONS 15800 system operating conditions. Table 7-4 provides information about ONS 15800 system supervision.

Table 7-1 System Parameters

Parameter Min. Max. Unit

Bit rate per channel 2.5 10 Gbps

Channel allocation 32 Channels

Table 7-2 System Performance

Parameter Condition Max. Unit

System dispersion tolerance

2.5-Gbps operation without Line Extender Modules–Externally Modulated–B1 Monitoring (LEM-EM-Mxx)

12800 ps/nm

10-Gbps operation without amplifier modules1 8001 With 2 dB back-to-back penalty.

Table 7-3 Operating Conditions

Parameter Max. Unit

Maximum power consumption per subrack 450 Watts

Automatic laser shutdown Per IEC 60825


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Chapter 7 General Specifications

Table 7-4 Supervision

Parameter Condition Nom. Max. Unit

Optical service channel (OSC) wavelength 1480 nm

OSC bit rate 2.048 Mbps

Housekeeping alarms Analog inputs 8

Digital inputs 32

Digital outputs 20

15800 DWDM System Description

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