02/07/22 www.OperatorSchool.com 1 Vacuum Regulator Gas Feed Vacuum Regulator Gas Feed Systems: Theory and Systems: Theory and Maintenance Maintenance Thom DiGeronimo www.OperatorSchool. com Thom @ OperatorSchool.Com All Text, drawings and photographs Copyrighted 2005 by T DiGeronimo
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Vacuum Regulator Gas Feed Systems: Vacuum Regulator Gas Feed Systems: Theory and MaintenanceTheory and Maintenance
All Text, drawings and photographs Copyrighted 2005 by T DiGeronimo
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Seminar Highlights Seminar Highlights
Gases and PropertiesThe Vacuum Regulator / EjectorElement theory and functionDifferences by manufacturersWork and safety practicesPersonnel & Equipment Safety
History of the Vacuum Regulator 1History of the Vacuum Regulator 1
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Before 1960, when James Haskett, Chlorinators Inc. founder, designed and patented the cylinder-mounted all-vacuum-operated gas chlorinator, most chlorinators worked essentially the same way. Pressure from the tanks forced the gas through one line to an ``ejector“ where it was mixed with water. Water pressure then forced the chlorine/water solution through another line to the ``diffuser" that injected it into the water or wastewater being treated. If either line failed, gas would escape unimpeded. Failure of any of the many valves these systems employed would also cause gas to escape. Haskett's design -- mounting the chlorinator on the cylinder and using a vacuum to pull the gas to the ejector -- eliminated the gas pressure line.
This design makes it very difficult for chlorine to escape. If any part of the equipment should fail, the flow of chlorine is immediately -- and automatically -- shut off.
The problem of corrosion, which contributed to the difficulties of the pressure systems, is also significantly reduced by Mr. Haskett's design, and the pressure line, the most serious source of corrosion in gas chlorination equipment, is eliminated.
History of the Vacuum Regulator 2History of the Vacuum Regulator 2
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In Mr. Haskett‘s design, chlorine gas bubbles immediately enter the main stream, and are quickly dissolved. Further, beginning with the regulator, the gas is never under pressure, and it is mixed with water in the ejector under vacuum conditions.
Another important point: laws prohibiting the use of chlorine gas could be costing you a lot of money, because chlorine gas is far more economical than either sodium or calcium hypochlorite. The tank contains 100% chlorine, which can never lose strength. Calcium hypochlorite has only 65-70% total weight chlorine available, and sodium hypochlorite only 10% or less by the time it is used. You need 1.5 pounds of calcium hypochlorite, or 1.2 gallons of sodium hypochlorite (average 10%) to equal a pound of liquid (gas) chlorine. Both calcium and sodium hypochlorite lose strength in storage.
Although the initial cost of gas chlorination equipment may be higher than that required for calcium or sodium hypochlorite, the savings in material costs quickly make up the difference.
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Chlorine Gas PropertiesChlorine Gas Properties
Amber Gas & Liquid Expands 460 Times Corrosive Non Flammable Poisonous @ 3PPM Heavy Gas Will Flow Chlorine Institute
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Sulphur Dioxide Gas PropertiesSulphur Dioxide Gas Properties
Gas & Liquid Expands many Times Corrosive Non Flammable Poisonous @ 3PPM Heavy Gas will Flow CGA makes rules
Overfilled Tanks can explode !!!
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Liquid to Gas PropertiesLiquid to Gas Properties Coefficient of expansion Needs minimum headroom
With a FULL TANK Liquid expansion at any temperature can
Flexured Plastic Material Separates Body Cavities Front has pin for Indication and Control Back has Vent Valve Can be Spring Loaded to Inlet Valve Uses Vacuum / Barometric Pressure to Open Inlet Valve
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Standard Hydro RegulatorStandard Hydro Regulator
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Inlet Valve AssemblyInlet Valve Assembly Grooved Body Alumina Bronze ( Better: Hastalloy C) Guts Teflon, Monel ABS / PVC Gaskets / O Rings Viton or Buna N