14-1 Plant Anatomy

14.0 Describe Principles of Plant Growth Production

14.1 Identifying plant parts and their function.

Why are plants important?

• Provide oxygen

• Prevent famine

• Provide medicine

How are plants used in agriculture?• Crops

– Cereal Grains - wheat, rice

• Ornamental

– Landscape design - indoors and outdoors

• Medicine

– Biotechnology, possible cures

What are 5 major parts of a flowering plant?• Leaves

• Stems

• Roots

• Flower

• Fruit

Why are leaves important?

• Collect light

• Site of photosynthesis

• Main site of transpiration

What are the parts of a leaf?

• Blade: helps with collecting the sun’s rays

• Veins: transport water and nutrients

• midrib: central vein

• Petiole:point of attachment to the stem

• Nodes: will grow if the petiole is removed

Why is the stem important?

• Produce and support new leaves

• Transport water and nutrients to and from the roots

• Storage of nutrients

What are the parts of a stem?

• Terminal bud: point of new growth

• Lateral bud: point of new growth

• Internode: in-between points of growth

Leaf scar

Bud scale scar

Why are the roots important?

• Provide anchor for the plant

• Absorb water and nutrients

• Storage of nutrients and water

What are the three types of roots?

• Taproot: absorbs water deep in the ground -carrots, pecan trees

• Fibrous roots: roots stay close to top soil - tomato, bedding plants

• Adventitious: helps plant climb or anchor - ivy, strawberries, some grasses.

What are the parts of a root?

• Primary root: the first root to grow

• Secondary roots: branch off of the primary root

• Root hairs: these account for 95% of water absorption

Why are flowers important to the Plant?

• Flowers serve as the reproductive organ of the plant

Why is Fruit important to plants?

• The site of seed production, fruit also plays a role in the dissemination of the seeds

Parts of a Flower

Parts of a Flower• Stamen – Male Part

– Anther - pollen-producing structure– Filament - stalk that supports the anther

• Pistil – Female Part– Stigma - place where sticky pollen grains are

deposited– Style - tube where the pollen grains travel from

the stigma to the ovary– Ovary - base of the pistil, where the pollen

germinates with the ovules, this becomes the fruit

– Ovules - individual eggs, these are the plant seeds

Flower Parts

• Petal – modified leaves that serve to attract insects for pollination

• Sepal – protects the inner parts of the flower bud from rain, mechanical injury and insects

• Receptacle – the base where all the flower structures are attached